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A cocoon of freshly accelerated cosmic rays detected by fermi in the cygnus superbubble

Margit Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. J. Allafort, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, A. Belfiore, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, E. Bottacini, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, C. Cecchi, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, D. Dumora, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, P. Fortin, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, D. Hadasch, Y. Hanabata, A. K. Harding, M. Hayashida, K. Hayashi, E. Hays, G. Johannesson, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, M. Kerr, J. Knoedlseder, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, S. -H. Lee, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, P. Martin, Mario Nicola Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, J. Mehault, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, M. Naumann-Godo, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, A. Okumura, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, D. Parent, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, Martin Pohl, D. Prokhorov, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, P. M. Saz Parkinson, C. Sgro, E. J. Siskind, P. D. Smith, P. Spinelli, A. W. Strong, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, A. Tramacere, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, Z. Yang, S. Zimmer, S. Bontemps

  • The origin of Galactic cosmic rays is a century-long puzzle. Indirect evidence points to their acceleration by supernova shockwaves, but we know little of their escape from the shock and their evolution through the turbulent medium surrounding massive stars. Gamma rays can probe their spreading through the ambient gas and radiation fields. The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has observed the star-forming region of Cygnus X. The 1- to 100-gigaelectronvolt images reveal a 50-parsec-wide cocoon of freshly accelerated cosmic rays that flood the cavities carved by the stellar winds and ionization fronts from young stellar clusters. It provides an example to study the youth of cosmic rays in a superbubble environment before they merge into the older Galactic population.

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Author details:Margit Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. J. Allafort, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, A. Belfiore, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, E. Bottacini, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, C. Cecchi, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, D. Dumora, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, P. Fortin, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, D. Hadasch, Y. Hanabata, A. K. Harding, M. Hayashida, K. Hayashi, E. Hays, G. Johannesson, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, M. Kerr, J. Knoedlseder, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, S. -H. Lee, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, P. Martin, Mario Nicola MazziottaORCiD, J. E. McEnery, J. Mehault, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, M. Naumann-Godo, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, A. Okumura, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, D. Parent, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, Martin PohlORCiDGND, D. Prokhorov, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, P. M. Saz Parkinson, C. Sgro, E. J. Siskind, P. D. Smith, P. Spinelli, A. W. Strong, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, A. Tramacere, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, Z. Yang, S. Zimmer, S. Bontemps
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1210311
ISSN:0036-8075
Title of parent work (English):Science
Publisher:American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science
Place of publishing:Washington
Publication type:Article
Language:English
Year of first publication:2011
Publication year:2011
Release date:2017/03/26
Volume:334
Issue:6059
Number of pages:6
First page:1103
Last Page:1107
Funding institution:International Doctorate on Astroparticle Physics (IDAPP) program
Organizational units:Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät / Institut für Physik und Astronomie
Peer review:Referiert
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