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Epigenetic variance in dopamine D2 receptor

  • Genetic and environmental factors both contribute to cognitive test performance. A substantial increase in average intelligence test results in the second half of the previous century within one generation is unlikely to be explained by genetic changes. One possible explanation for the strong malleability of cognitive performance measure is that environmental factors modify gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic factors may help to understand the recent observations of an association between dopamine-dependent encoding of reward prediction errors and cognitive capacity, which was modulated by adverse life events. The possible manifestation of malleable biomarkers contributing to variance in cognitive test performance, and thus possibly contributing to the "missing heritability" between estimates from twin studies and variance explained by genetic markers, is still unclear. Here we show in 1475 healthy adolescents from the IMaging and GENetics (IMAGEN) sample that general IQ (gIQ) is associated with (1) polygenic scoresGenetic and environmental factors both contribute to cognitive test performance. A substantial increase in average intelligence test results in the second half of the previous century within one generation is unlikely to be explained by genetic changes. One possible explanation for the strong malleability of cognitive performance measure is that environmental factors modify gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic factors may help to understand the recent observations of an association between dopamine-dependent encoding of reward prediction errors and cognitive capacity, which was modulated by adverse life events. The possible manifestation of malleable biomarkers contributing to variance in cognitive test performance, and thus possibly contributing to the "missing heritability" between estimates from twin studies and variance explained by genetic markers, is still unclear. Here we show in 1475 healthy adolescents from the IMaging and GENetics (IMAGEN) sample that general IQ (gIQ) is associated with (1) polygenic scores for intelligence, (2) epigenetic modification of DRD2 gene, (3) gray matter density in striatum, and (4) functional striatal activation elicited by temporarily surprising reward-predicting cues. Comparing the relative importance for the prediction of gIQ in an overlapping subsample, our results demonstrate neurobiological correlates of the malleability of gIQ and point to equal importance of genetic variance, epigenetic modification of DRD2 receptor gene, as well as functional striatal activation, known to influence dopamine neurotransmission. Peripheral epigenetic markers are in need of confirmation in the central nervous system and should be tested in longitudinal settings specifically assessing individual and environmental factors that modify epigenetic structure.show moreshow less

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Author details:Jakob A. KaminskiORCiD, Florian SchlagenhaufORCiDGND, Michael Armin RappORCiDGND, Swapnil AwasthiORCiD, Barbara RuggeriORCiD, Lorenz Deserno, Tobias BanaschewskiORCiD, Arun L. W. Bokde, Uli BrombergORCiD, Christian Büchel, Erin Burke QuinlanORCiD, Sylvane DesrivièresORCiD, Herta FlorORCiD, Vincent FrouinORCiD, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Bernd Ittermann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot, Frauke NeesORCiD, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Tomáš Paus, Luise PoustkaGND, Michael N. SmolkaORCiDGND, Juliane H. Fröhner, Henrik WalterORCiD, Robert Whelan, Stephan RipkeORCiD, Gunter Schumann, Andreas HeinzORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-425687
DOI:https://doi.org/10.25932/publishup-42568
ISSN:1866-8372
Title of parent work (German):Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
Subtitle (English):a marker of IQ malleability?
Publication series (Volume number):Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe (950)
Publication type:Postprint
Language:English
Date of first publication:2020/06/08
Publication year:2018
Publishing institution:Universität Potsdam
Contributing corporation:the IMAGEN consortium
Release date:2020/06/08
Tag:epigenetics and behaviour; genome-wide association; human behaviour; human brain; human intelligence; learning and memory; metaanalysis; prediction; psychopathology; reward anticipation; stress; striatum; volume
Issue:950
Number of pages:13
Source:Translational Psychiatry 8 (2018) 169 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0222-7
Organizational units:Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät
DDC classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Peer review:Referiert
Publishing method:Open Access
License (German):License LogoCC-BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
External remark:Bibliographieeintrag der Originalveröffentlichung/Quelle
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