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Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer Effects Rely Less on Model-based Reinforcement Learning

  • Behavioral choice can be characterized along two axes. One axis distinguishes reflexive, model-free systems that slowly accumulate values through experience and a model-based system that uses knowledge to reason prospectively. The second axis distinguishes Pavlovian valuation of stimuli from instrumental valuation of actions or stimulus–action pairs. This results in four values and many possible interactions between them, with important consequences for accounts of individual variation. We here explored whether individual variation along one axis was related to individual variation along the other. Specifically, we asked whether individuals' balance between model-based and model-free learning was related to their tendency to show Pavlovian interferences with instrumental decisions. In two independent samples with a total of 243 participants, Pavlovian–instrumental transfer effects were negatively correlated with the strength of model-based reasoning in a two-step task. This suggests a potential common underlying substrate predisposingBehavioral choice can be characterized along two axes. One axis distinguishes reflexive, model-free systems that slowly accumulate values through experience and a model-based system that uses knowledge to reason prospectively. The second axis distinguishes Pavlovian valuation of stimuli from instrumental valuation of actions or stimulus–action pairs. This results in four values and many possible interactions between them, with important consequences for accounts of individual variation. We here explored whether individual variation along one axis was related to individual variation along the other. Specifically, we asked whether individuals' balance between model-based and model-free learning was related to their tendency to show Pavlovian interferences with instrumental decisions. In two independent samples with a total of 243 participants, Pavlovian–instrumental transfer effects were negatively correlated with the strength of model-based reasoning in a two-step task. This suggests a potential common underlying substrate predisposing individuals to both have strong Pavlovian interference and be less model-based and provides a framework within which to interpret the observation of both effects in addiction.show moreshow less

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Metadaten
Author details:Miriam Hannah SeboldORCiDGND, Daniel SchadORCiDGND, Stephan NebeORCiD, Maria GarbusowORCiDGND, Elisabeth Juenger, Nils B. Kroemer, Norbert Kathmann, Ulrich S. Zimmermann, Michael N. SmolkaORCiDGND, Michael Armin RappORCiDGND, Andreas HeinzORCiDGND, Quentin J. M. HuysORCiD
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00945
ISSN:0898-929X
ISSN:1530-8898
Pubmed ID:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26942321
Title of parent work (English):Journal of cognitive neuroscience
Publisher:MIT Press
Place of publishing:Cambridge
Publication type:Article
Language:English
Year of first publication:2016
Publication year:2016
Release date:2020/03/22
Volume:28
Number of pages:11
First page:985
Last Page:995
Funding institution:German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) [FOR 1617, HE 2597/13-1, HE 2597/14-1, HE 2597/15-1, RA 1047/2-1, SM 80/7-1, ZI 1119/3-1, WI 709/10-1, SCHA 1971/1-2, HE 2597/13-2, HE 2597/14-2, HE 2597/15-2, RA 1047/2-2, SM 80/7-2, ZI 1119/3-2, WI 709/10-2]
Peer review:Referiert
Institution name at the time of the publication:Humanwissenschaftliche Fakultät / Exzellenzbereich Kognitionswissenschaften
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