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Treatment patterns, risk factor control and functional capacity in patients with cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease in the cardiac rehabilitation setting

  • Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a frequent comorbidity among elderly patients and those with cardiovascular disease. CKD carries prognostic relevance. We aimed to describe patient characteristics, risk factor management and control status of patients in cardiac rehabilitation (CR), differentiated by presence or absence of CKD. Design and methods: Data from 92,071 inpatients with adequate information to calculate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) based on the Cockcroft-Gault formula were analyzed at the beginning and the end of a 3-week CR stay. CKD was defined as estimated GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Results: Compared with non-CKD patients, CKD patients were significantly older (72.0 versus 58.0 years) and more often had diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and atherothrombotic manifestations (previous stroke, peripheral arterial disease), but fewer were current or previous smokers had a CHD family history. Exercise capacity was much lower in CKD (59 vs. 92Watts). Fewer patients with CKD were treated withBackground: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a frequent comorbidity among elderly patients and those with cardiovascular disease. CKD carries prognostic relevance. We aimed to describe patient characteristics, risk factor management and control status of patients in cardiac rehabilitation (CR), differentiated by presence or absence of CKD. Design and methods: Data from 92,071 inpatients with adequate information to calculate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) based on the Cockcroft-Gault formula were analyzed at the beginning and the end of a 3-week CR stay. CKD was defined as estimated GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Results: Compared with non-CKD patients, CKD patients were significantly older (72.0 versus 58.0 years) and more often had diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and atherothrombotic manifestations (previous stroke, peripheral arterial disease), but fewer were current or previous smokers had a CHD family history. Exercise capacity was much lower in CKD (59 vs. 92Watts). Fewer patients with CKD were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but more had coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Patients with CKD compared with non-CKD less frequently received statins, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), clopidogrel, beta blockers, and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and more frequently received angiotensin receptor blockers, insulin and oral anticoagulants. In CKD, mean low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were slightly higher at baseline, while triglycerides were substantially lower. This lipid pattern did not change at the discharge visit, but overall control rates for all described parameters (with the exception of HDL-C) were improved substantially. At discharge, systolic blood pressure (BP) was higher in CKD (124 versus 121 mmHg) and diastolic BP was lower (72 versus 74 mmHg). At discharge, 68.7% of CKD versus 71.9% of non-CKD patients had LDL-C <100 mg/dl. Physical fitness on exercise testing improved substantially in both groups. When the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula was used for CKD classification, there was no clinically relevant change in these results. Conclusion: Within a short period of 3-4 weeks, CR led to substantial improvements in key risk factors such as lipid profile, blood pressure, and physical fitness for all patients, even if CKD was present.show moreshow less

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Author details:Heinz VöllerORCiDGND, Anselm Gitt, Christina Jannowitz, Marthin Karoff, Barbara Karmann, David Pittrow, Rona Katharina ReibisORCiDGND, Steven Hildemann
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487313482285
ISSN:2047-4873
ISSN:2047-4881
Pubmed ID:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23508927
Title of parent work (English):European journal of preventive cardiology : the official ESC journal for primary & secondary cardiovascular prevention, rehabilitation and sports cardiology
Publisher:Sage Publ.
Place of publishing:London
Publication type:Article
Language:English
Year of first publication:2014
Publication year:2014
Release date:2017/03/27
Tag:Cardiac rehabilitation; chronic kidney disease; control rates; dyslipidemia; glomerular filtration rate; lipids; registry; risk factor
Volume:21
Issue:9
Number of pages:9
First page:1125
Last Page:1133
Funding institution:MSD Sharp & Dohme GmbH, Munich-Haar, Germany; MSD
Organizational units:Humanwissenschaftliche Fakultät / Strukturbereich Kognitionswissenschaften
Peer review:Referiert
Institution name at the time of the publication:Humanwissenschaftliche Fakultät / Exzellenzbereich Kognitionswissenschaften
External remark:Zweitveröffentlichung in der Schriftenreihe Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe ; 381
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