Kinetic Simulations of Nonrelativistic Perpendicular Shocks of Young Supernova Remnants
- Electron injection at high Mach number nonrelativistic perpendicular shocks is studied here for parameters that are applicable to young SNR shocks. Using high-resolution large-scale two-dimensional fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations and tracing individual particles, we in detail analyze the shock-surfing acceleration (SSA) of electrons at the leading edge of the shock foot. The central question is to what degree the process can be captured in 2D3V simulations. We find that the energy gain in SSA always arises from the electrostatic field of a Buneman wave. Electron energization is more efficient in the out-of-plane orientation of the large-scale magnetic field because both the phase speed and the amplitude of the waves are higher than for the in-plane scenario. Also, a larger number of electrons is trapped by the waves compared to the in-plane configuration. We conclude that significant modifications of the simulation parameters are needed to reach the same level of SSA efficiency as in simulations with out-of-plane magneticElectron injection at high Mach number nonrelativistic perpendicular shocks is studied here for parameters that are applicable to young SNR shocks. Using high-resolution large-scale two-dimensional fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations and tracing individual particles, we in detail analyze the shock-surfing acceleration (SSA) of electrons at the leading edge of the shock foot. The central question is to what degree the process can be captured in 2D3V simulations. We find that the energy gain in SSA always arises from the electrostatic field of a Buneman wave. Electron energization is more efficient in the out-of-plane orientation of the large-scale magnetic field because both the phase speed and the amplitude of the waves are higher than for the in-plane scenario. Also, a larger number of electrons is trapped by the waves compared to the in-plane configuration. We conclude that significant modifications of the simulation parameters are needed to reach the same level of SSA efficiency as in simulations with out-of-plane magnetic field or 3D simulations.…
Author details: | Artem BohdanORCiDGND, Jacek NiemiecORCiD, Martin PohlORCiDGND, Yosuke MatsumotoORCiD, Takanobu AmanoORCiD, Masahiro HoshinoORCiD |
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DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab1b6d |
ISSN: | 0004-637X |
ISSN: | 1538-4357 |
Title of parent work (English): | The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics |
Subtitle (English): | I. Electron Shock-surfing Acceleration |
Publisher: | IOP Publ. Ltd. |
Place of publishing: | Bristol |
Publication type: | Article |
Language: | English |
Date of first publication: | 2019/06/06 |
Publication year: | 2019 |
Release date: | 2021/01/25 |
Tag: | ISM: supernova remnants; acceleration of particles; instabilities; methods: numerical; plasmas; shock waves |
Volume: | 878 |
Issue: | 1 |
Number of pages: | 11 |
Funding institution: | Narodowe Centrum Nauki [DEC-2013/10/E/ST9/00662]; JSPS-PAN Bilateral Joint Research Project [180500000671]; North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN) [bbp00003, bbp00014] |
Organizational units: | Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät / Institut für Physik und Astronomie |
DDC classification: | 5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 52 Astronomie / 520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften |
Peer review: | Referiert |
Publishing method: | Open Access / Green Open-Access |