TY - JOUR A1 - Ullmann, Andreas J. A1 - von Staden, Andreas T1 - A room full of ‘views’ BT - introducing a new dataset to explore compliance with the decisions of the UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies’ individual complaints procedures JF - Journal of conflict resolution N2 - Quantitative research into the effectiveness of the UN human rights treaty bodies (UNTBs) in eliciting remedial responses from states is impeded by a lack of usable data on how states respond to their decisions. The new Treaty Body Views Dataset (TBVD) aims to fill this gap. It comprises details on all published decisions in individual complaints cases issued by the UNTBs between 1979 and 2019 and matches these with information on their state of compliance. The TBVD can be used for research on the activities of the treaty bodies, the nature of the decisions themselves, or state behavior following a decision. An empirical application illustrates how the TBVD can advance knowledge about the factors that correlate with compliance with adverse UNTB decisions. Results show that the likelihood of implementation hinges critically on decision-level characteristics, and reveal differences and similarities between compliance with UNTB decisions and regional human rights court judgments. KW - human rights KW - international institutions KW - second-order compliance KW - individual complaints procedures KW - UN human rights treaty bodies Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/00220027231160460 SN - 0022-0027 SN - 1552-8766 VL - 68 IS - 2-3 SP - 534 EP - 561 PB - Sage Publications CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fruhstorfer, Anna A1 - Hudson, Alexander T1 - Majorities for minorities BT - Participatory constitution making and the protection of minority rights JF - Political research quarterly : PRQ ; official journal of Western Political Science Association, Pacific Northwest Political Science Association, Southern California Political Science Association, Northern California Political Science Association N2 - Does the process of making a constitution affect the expansiveness of rights protections in the constitution? In particular, is more participation in constitution-making processes better for minority rights protections? While the process of constitution making and its impact on various outcomes have received significant attention, little is known about the impact public participation or deliberation in this process has on the scope and content of minority rights. Using a wide variety of data to empirically assess the relationship between constitution-making processes and the protection of rights for minorities, we find a positive relationship between participatory drafting processes and the inclusion of minority protections in constitutions under some conditions. The article's findings have important implications for understanding political representation and lend support to core arguments about the role of the public in constitutional design. KW - constitution-making KW - human rights KW - minority rights KW - direct democracy KW - public participation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1065912920984246 SN - 1065-9129 SN - 1938-274X VL - 75 IS - 1 SP - 103 EP - 117 PB - Sage Publ. CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tanneberg, Dag T1 - Does repression of campaigns trigger coups d’état? JF - The politics of repression under authoritarian rule : how steadfast is the Iron Throne? N2 - Does complementarity between restrictions and violence stabilize authoritarian power-sharing in the face of popular rebellion? Scholars widely concur that the central political conflict in authoritarian regimes plays out between people on the inside of the regime. This chapter adds to the debate and studies coup attempts in light of two interconnected hypotheses. First, violence against campaigns destabilizes power-sharing because it exposes a weak leadership. Second, this adverse effect of violence declines as the routine level of restrictions increases, because restrictions act as a sorting mechanism for uncompromising political opposition. Both hypotheses are tested using Bayesian multilevel statistical analysis on a data set of 253 coup attempts in 198 authoritarian regimes between 1949 and 2007. This study design allows separation of repression’s time-dependent effects from its context effects, and it demonstrates the value of Bayesian methods for studying rare political phenomena such as coups d’état. The chapter’s conclusion, however, is straightforward: Once citizens form campaigns, repression can only deteriorate the situation because it opens a frontline right at the center of authoritarian rule. KW - contentious politics KW - human rights KW - state repression KW - political stability KW - policy substitutes KW - dictatorship KW - political repression KW - political campaigns KW - authoritarian rule KW - democracy Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-030-35477-0 SN - 978-3-030-35476-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35477-0_5 SN - 2198-7289 SP - 121 EP - 162 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reiners, Nina T1 - Kontroversen um die Reform der UN-Menschenrechtsvertragsorgane T1 - Controversies Over Reform of UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies JF - Vereinte Nationen N2 - Das UN-Menschenrechtssystem steht unter gewaltigem Druck. In den aktuellen Diskussionen um die Reform der Menschenrechtsvertragsorgane offenbart sich eine Kluft zwischen Staaten in der Generalversammlung und Ausschussmitgliedern mit zivilgesellschaftlichen Akteuren. N2 - The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) initiated a development towards a legally binding human rights treaty system. Ratification of the nine human rights treaties is universal and continuing. Recently, the treaty-based system has come under a lot of pressure. States not only lack commitment to their reporting obligations under human rights law and their financial contributions to the system, but openly question the working methods of the treaty bodies and their cooperation with civil society actors. As a result, the current reform process, to be concluded in 2020, also presents an opportunity to reevaluate the role of civil society actors for the development of human rights law. KW - Hochkommissariat für Menschenrechte (OHCHR) KW - Menschen- rechtserklärungen/-übereinkommen KW - human rights KW - Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Y1 - 2018 SN - 0042-384X SN - 2366-6773 VL - 66 IS - 6 SP - 266 EP - 271 PB - BWV, Berliner Wiss.-Verl. CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN T1 - Rezensionen, Annotationen und Neuerscheinungen T1 - Reviews, annotations, new publications N2 - Rezensierte Literatur: Hans-Jürgen Burchardt: Zeitenwende. Politik nach dem Neoliberalismus, Schmetterling Verlag, Stuttgart 2004, 320 S., ISBN 3-8965-7610-0 Olaf Kaltmeier/Jens Kastner/Elisabeth Tuider (Hrsg.): Neoliberalismus – Autonomie – Widerstand. Soziale Bewegungen in Lateinamerika, Westfälisches Dampfboot, Münster 2004, 278 S., ISBN 3-896-1578-9 Oliver Diehl/Wolfgang Muno (Hrsg.): Venezuela unter Chávez – Aufbruch oder Niedergang?, Vervuert Verlagsgesellschaft, Frankfurt am Main 2005, 176 S., ISBN 3-86527-180-4 Mahler, Claudia / Norman Weiß (Hrsg.): Menschenrechtsschutz im Spiegel von Wissenschaft und Praxis, Berliner Wissenschafts- Verlag, Berlin 2004, 373 S., ISBN 3-8305-0581-7 Christoph Rohde: Hans J. Morgenthau und der weltpolitische Realismus, VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2004, 387 S., ISBN 3-531- 14161-9 Heiko Borchert (Hrsg.): Vernetzte Sicherheit. Leitidee der Sicherheitspolitik im 21. Jahrhundert Vernetzte Sicherheit; Bd. 1, Verlag E.S. Mittler & Sohn, Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn 2004, 84 S., ISBN 3-8132-0824-9 Francis Fukuyama: Staaten bauen. Die neue Herausforderung internationaler Politik, Propyläen Verlag, Berlin 2004, 191 S., ISBN 3-549-07233-3 Clyde Prestowitz: Schurkenstaat – Wohin steuert Amerika? Artemis & Winkler Verlag, Düsseldorf, Zürich (2004), 368 S., ISBN 3-538-07181-0 Claus Neukirch: Konfliktmanagement und Konfliktprävention im Rahmen von OSZE-Langzeitmissionen. Eine Analyse der Missionen in Moldau und Estland, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 2003, 333 S., ISBN 3- 8329-0033-0 Patricia Bauer/Helmut Voelzkow (Hrsg.): Die Europäische Union – Marionette oder Regisseur? Festschrift für Ingeborg Tömmel, Forschungen zur Europäischen Integration, Bd. 10, VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2004, 362 S., ISBN 3-531- 14430-8 Mateusz Falkowski/Kai-Olaf Lang: Wspólne zadanie. Polska, Niemcy i Ukraina w przeobrazajacej sie Europie (Gemeinsame Aufgabe. Deutschland, Polen und die Ukraine im sich wandelnden Europa), Instytut Spraw Publicznych, Warszawa 2004, 152 S., ISBN 83-88594-74-5 Carlos Closa/Paul M. Heywood: Spain and the European Union, Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills New York 2004, 274 S., ISBN 0-333-75339-9 Wolfgang G. Schwanitz (Hrsg.): Deutschland und der Mittlere Osten, Comparativ, Leipziger Beiträge zur Universalgeschichte und vergleichenden Gesellschaftsforschung, Jg. 14, Heft 1, Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2004, 186 S., ISBN 3-937209-48-4 Annotationen: Franz Ansprenger, Wie unsere Zukunft entstand. Ein kritischer Leitfaden zur internationalen Politik, Reihe Politik und Bildung Band 34, 3. vollständig überarbeitete und ergänzte Auflage, Wochenschau Verlag, Schwalbach am Taunus 2005, 360 S., ISBN 3-89974- 084-X Norbert Mappes-Niediek: Balkan-Mafia. Staaten in der Hand des Verbrechens – Eine Gefahr für Europa, Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin 2003, 216 S., ISBN 3-86153-313-8 Christine Normann: Polens Rolle in der Verfassungsdebatte, Region – Nation – Europa 28, LIT Verlag, Münster 2005, 184 S., ISBN 3-8258-8468-6 Andreas Umland (Hrsg.): The Implementation of the European Convention on Human Rights in Russia. Philosophical, Legal and Empirical Studies, ibidem Verlag, Stuttgart 2004, 224 S., ISBN 3-8982-1387-0 Dorothea Topf: Auslandsberichterstattung im öffentlich-rechtlichen Fernsehen – Das Bild der „Dritten Welt“, Verlag Dr. H.H. Driesen, Taunusstein 2003, 159 S., ISBN 3-936328-08-8 KW - Neoliberalismus KW - Venezuela KW - Menschenrechte KW - Sicherheitspolitik KW - Konfliktmanagement KW - Neo-liberalism KW - Venezuela KW - human rights KW - security policy KW - conflict management Y1 - 2005 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48334 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heintze, Hans-Joachim T1 - Völkerrecht und Ethnizität N2 - Both universal and regional international instruments seek to maintain and to strengthen peace and security through the development of friendly and co-operative relations between equally sovereign states respecting human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities. History shows that failure to respect minority rights can undermine stability within states and negatively affect relations between states, thus endangering international peace. While minority situations vary greatly and the ordinary democratic process may be adequate to respond to the needs and aspirations of minorities, experience also shows that special measures are often required to facilitate the effective participation of minorities in public life. The article analyzes the contribution of international law to this field. KW - International law KW - ethnicity KW - human rights Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9559 ER -