TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bruttel, Lisa Verena
A1  - Güth, Werner
A1  - Nithammer, Juri
A1  - Orland, Andreas
T1  - Inefficient cooperation under stochastic and strategic uncertainty
JF  - Conflict resolution
N2  - Stochastic uncertainty can cause coordination problems that may hinder mutually beneficial cooperation. We propose a mechanism of ex-post voluntary transfers designed to circumvent these coordination problems and ask whether it can increase efficiency. To test this transfer mechanism, we implement a controlled laboratory experiment based on a repeated Ultimatum Game with a stochastic endowment. Contrary to our hypothesis, we find that allowing voluntary transfers does not lead to an efficiency increase. We suggest and analyze two major reasons for this failure: first, stochastic uncertainty forces proposers intending to cooperate to accept high strategic uncertainty, which many proposers avoid; second, many responders behave only incompletely conditionally cooperatively, which hinders cooperation in future periods.
KW  - stochastic uncertainty
KW  - strategic uncertainty
KW  - cooperation
KW  - Ultimatum
KW  - Game
KW  - experiment
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/00220027211066614
SN  - 0022-0027
SN  - 1552-8766
VL  - 66
IS  - 4-5
SP  - 755
EP  - 782
PB  - Sage Publ.
CY  - Thousand Oaks
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Biegert, Thomas
A1  - Brady, David
A1  - Hipp, Lena
T1  - Cross-national variation in the relationship between welfare generosity and single mother employment
JF  - The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
N2  - Reform of the U.S. welfare system in 1996 spurred claims that cuts to welfare programs effectively incentivized single mothers to find employment. It is difficult to assess the veracity of those claims, however, absent evidence of how the relationship between welfare benefits and single mother employment generalizes across countries. This study combines data from the European Union Labour Force Survey and the U.S. Current Population Survey (1992-2015) into one of the largest samples of single mothers ever, testing the relationships between welfare generosity and single mothers’ employment and work hours. We find no consistent evidence of a negative relationship between welfare generosity and single mother employment outcomes. Rather, we find tremendous cross-national heterogeneity, which does not clearly correspond to well-known institutional variations. Our findings demonstrate the limitations of single country studies and the pervasive, salient interactions between institutional contexts and social policies.
KW  - single mothers
KW  - employment
KW  - welfare state benefits
KW  - cross-national
KW  - heterogeneity
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162221120760
SN  - 0002-7162
SN  - 1552-3349
VL  - 702
IS  - 1
SP  - 37
EP  - 54
PB  - SAGE Publishing
CY  - Thousand Oaks
ER  -