TY - JOUR A1 - Hänel, Hilkje C. A1 - Haslanger, Sally A1 - Kroeger, Odin T1 - Analyzing social wrongs JF - Journal of social philosophy Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/josp.12505 SN - 0047-2786 SN - 1467-9833 VL - 53 IS - 4 SP - 448 EP - 453 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Hänel, Hilkje Charlotte T1 - Wer hat Angst vorm Feminismus BT - Warum Frauen, die nichts fordern, nichts bekommen N2 - Feminismus - das ist nicht nur für Männer, sondern auch für einige Frauen immer noch ein bedrohliches Wort, selbst oder gerade in Zeiten von #MeToo. Liegt das daran, dass viele gar nicht wissen, was Feminismus ist und worauf er hinarbeitet? Gibt es den einen Feminismus? Was hat Feminismus eigentlich mit Sexismus zu tun? Und was mit unseren Beziehungen? Offener Frauenhass ist in unserer Gesellschaft mittlerweile weitgehend geächtet. Aber auch nach über fünfzehn Jahren mit einer Frau an der Regierungsspitze sind wir noch längst nicht in der Gleichberechtigung angekommen. Im Gegenteil: Weiterhin strukturiert Sexismus geschlechtsspezifische Alltagserfahrungen, bis hinein in unsere Intimbeziehungen, wo die Grenzen zwischen Lust und sexueller Gewalt schnell verschwimmen. Die Philosophin und Schriftstellerin Hilkje Hänel deckt die Mechanismen sexueller Objektifizierung und männlichen Anspruchsdenkens auf. Sie zeigt, wie Frauen oft in die sexistischen Alltagsstrukturen verstrickt sind, an denen auch viele Männer leiden. Ihr zugängliches Buch ist das Plädoyer für einen Feminismus, von dem alle etwas haben - und vor dem niemand Angst haben muss. Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-406-74181-4 SN - 978-3-406-77078-4 SN - 978-3-406-77077-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17104/9783406770784 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarzenthal, Miriam A1 - Juang, Linda P. A1 - Moffitt, Ursula A1 - Schachner, Maja K. T1 - Critical consciousness socialization at school BT - classroom climate, perceived societal islamophobia, and critical action among adolescents JF - Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence N2 - Schools are key contexts for the development of adolescents' critical consciousness. We explored how three dimensions of the classroom cultural diversity climate (critical consciousness, color-evasion, and multiculturalism) related to adolescents' critical reflection (i.e., perceived societal Islamophobia) and intended critical action (i.e., political activism). Our sample included adolescents experiencing high (second generation, Muslim, N = 237) versus low (non-immigrant descent, non-Muslim, N = 478) stigmatization in Germany. Multilevel analyses revealed that for both groups a critical consciousness climate, but not a color-evasive or a multicultural climate, was positively associated with perceived societal Islamophobia and intended critical action. Thus, to promote adolescents' critical consciousness, schools should go beyond emphasizing a common humanity and celebrating cultural diversity and include explicit discussions of social inequity. KW - critical consciousness KW - classroom cultural diversity climate KW - Islamophobia KW - adolescents Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12713 SN - 1050-8392 SN - 1532-7795 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 1452 EP - 1469 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marienfeldt, Justine T1 - Does digital government hollow out the essence of street‐level bureaucracy? BT - a systematic literature review of how digital tools’ foster curtailment, enablement and continuation of street‐level decision‐making JF - Social policy & administration N2 - The growing use of digital tools in policy implementation has altered the work of street-level bureaucrats who are granted substantial discretionary power in decision-making. Digital tools can constrain discretionary power, like the curtailment thesis proposed, or serve as action resources, like the enablement thesis suggested. This article assesses empirical evidence of the impact of digital tools on street-level work and decision-making in service-oriented and regulation-oriented organisations based on a systematic literature review and thematic qualitative content analysis of 36 empirical studies published until 2021. The findings demonstrate different effects with regard to the role of digital tools and the core tasks of the public administration, depending on political and managerial goals and consequent system design. Leading or decisive digital tools mostly curtail discretion, especially in service-oriented organisations. In contrast, an enhanced information base or recommendations for actions enable decision-making, in particular in regulation-oriented organisations. By showing how street-level bureaucrats actively try to resist the curtailing effects caused by rigid design to address individual circumstances, for instance by establishing ways of coping like rule bending or rule breaking, using personal resources or prioritising among clients, this study demonstrates the importance of the continuation thesis and the persistently crucial role of human judgement in policy implementation. KW - continuation thesis KW - curtailment thesis KW - discretion KW - enablement thesis KW - street-level bureaucracy Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12991 SN - 0144-5596 SN - 1467-9515 SP - 1 EP - 25 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hänel, Hilkje C. T1 - Potentially disabled? JF - Inquiry N2 - Ten years ago, I was diagnosed with a rare illness called Myasthenia Gravis. Myasthenia Gravis is a long-term neuromuscular autoimmune disease where antibodies block or destroy specific receptors at the junction between nerve and muscle; hence, nerve impulses fail to trigger muscle contractions. The disease leads to varying degrees of muscle weakness. Currently, I have only minor symptoms, I am not seriously impaired, and I do not suffer from any social disadvantage because of my illness. Yet, my life and my body since my diagnosis feel different than before. In this paper I aim to make this feeling intelligible and propose that it is a state of what I call ‘latent impairment’. Latent impairment is a state of being ‘in between’, different from being actually impaired and also different from being abled-bodied. The theory takes its cues both from social constructionist theories of disability as well as theories of (chronic) illness and their focus on the importance of subjectivity. Furthermore, I suggest that a phenomenological understanding of latent impairment can show possible ways of becoming an ally to the DRM. KW - disability KW - chronic illness KW - latent impairment KW - social construction Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/0020174X.2022.2136753 SN - 0020-174X SN - 1502-3923 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian ED - Müller, Hans-Peter ED - Sigmund, Steffen T1 - Kampf und Konflikt T2 - Max Weber-Handbuch N2 - Der Begriff des Kampfes nimmt in der Soziologie Max Webers eine zentrale Rolle ein. In § 8 der Soziologischen Grundbegriffe definiert Weber: »Kampf soll eine soziale Beziehung insoweit heißen, als das Handeln an der Absicht der Durchsetzung des eigenen Willens gegen Widerstand des oder der Partner orientiert ist« (WuG, 20). Als soziales Handeln sind Kämpfe objektiv verstehbar, weil die Handelnden mit ihrem Verhalten einen subjektiv gemeinten Sinn verbinden. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-476-05141-7 SN - 978-3-476-05142-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05142-4_21 SP - 97 EP - 98 PB - J.B. Metzler CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schneider, Matthias T1 - Männlichkeit und Flucht BT - biographische Perspektiven auf die Lebensgeschichten aus Eritrea geflüchteter Männer N2 - Dieses Buch bietet Einsicht in das komplexe Verhältnis von Männlichkeit und Flucht. Anhand von biographischen Interviews zeigt es, welche Konstruktionen von Geschlecht bei Männern vom Leben in Eritrea, über die Flucht durch den Sudan und Libyen bis zum Ankommen in Deutschland von Bedeutung sind. In der Geschlechter- und Fluchtforschung lag mehrere Jahrzehnte der Fokus auf dem Leben geflüchteter Mädchen und Frauen. Männer kamen meist nur als Täter geschlechtsbasierter Gewalt vor. Inzwischen existieren zwar einige Arbeiten über das Leben von geflüchteten Männern, allerdings wird meist nur das Leben im Ankunftskontext betrachtet und Männlichkeit im Singular gedacht. Flucht erscheint so als eine Marginalisierung von Männlichkeit. Dass dieses Verhältnis allerdings weitaus komplexer ist und vielfältige Männlichkeiten in unterschiedlichen Beziehungen zu Flucht stehen, ist die zentrale Erkenntnis dieser Arbeit. Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-658-41766-6 SN - 978-3-658-41767-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-41767-3 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schmidt, Max Oliver T1 - Seenotrettung und Kirchenasyl BT - organisationale Schließungskämpfe im Feld der europäischen Asylverwaltung T3 - Organisation und Gesellschaft - Forschung N2 - Der Zugang zu einem Asylverfahren in der EU ist ein umkämpftes soziales Gut. Die Studie zeichnet ein komplexes Bild von Ausschließungs- und Usurpationsstrategien im Feld der europäischen und speziell der italienischen und deutschen Asylverwaltung zwischen 2015 und 2018. (Supra-)nationale Verwaltungs- und Vollzugsorganisationen versuchen Flüchtende von dem Verwaltungsakt abzuhalten und entwickeln territoriale und administrative Exklusionsstrategien, um Fluchtmobilität und Asyl zu verwehren. Gleichzeitig erkämpfen Seenotrettungs- und Kirchenorganisationen den Zugang zum Asylverfahren, indem sie sich mit Flüchtenden solidarisieren und diesen eine Partizipation an öffentlichen Gütern und Rechten der Aufnahmegesellschaft ermöglichen. Für Flüchtende wird der formale Zugang zu und die temporäre Mitgliedschaft in einer Aufnahmegesellschaft in konfliktreichen und inter-organisationalen Entscheidungen ausgehandelt. Die formale Organisation wird zum Ort der Schließungskämpfe, indemsie als Schließungsakteur und zwischengesellschaftliches Schließungssystem formale Interaktionen zwischen Geflüchteten und Aufnahmegesellschaft ermöglicht oder verhindert. Die Synthese von schließungs- und organisationstheoretischen Perspektiven trägt dazu bei, dass gesellschaftliche Ordnungsbildung organisationssoziologisch erklärbar wird. KW - Kirchenasyl KW - Seenotrettung KW - Öffentliche Verwaltungsorganisation KW - Theorie sozialer Schließung KW - Exklusion KW - Fluchtmigration Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-658-32472-8 SN - 978-3-658-32473-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32473-5 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - THES A1 - Bosch, Sina T1 - Morphosyntactic feature structure in the native and non-native mental lexicon BT - a priming study of stem allomorphy and inflectional affixes of German Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian ED - Diaz-Bone, Rainer ED - Hartz, Ronald T1 - Die Gouvernementalität des Unternehmens im Wandel BT - wie Managementberatung zur prominenten diskursiven Praxis wurde T2 - Dispositiv und Ökonomie N2 - Der oft beschworene Aufstieg der Managementberatung zu einem integralen Bestandteil von Unternehmensführung besitzt eine selten beachtete Seite: Managementberatung ist nicht nur zu einer anerkannten Praktik der „guten Regierung“ des Unternehmens geworden, sondern zugleich zu einer legitimen Form der Produktion von Managementwissen. Im Folgenden soll dem Wandel der diskursiven Praxis der Produktion von Managementwissen nachgegangen und seine Bedeutung für den Wandel der Praxis der Unternehmensführung eruiert werden. In einem ersten Schritt sind die Praxis des Managements und ihre Logik zu skizzieren, um einerseits den Alltag des Managements zu begreifen und andererseits zu verstehen, dass in diesem Alltag die Möglichkeit diskursiven Wandels angelegt ist. Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-658-31532-0 SN - 978-3-658-31533-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31533-7_10 SP - 271 EP - 293 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rodríguez Sánchez, Alejandra A1 - Wucherpfennig, Julian A1 - Rischke, Ramona A1 - Iacus, Stefano Maria T1 - Search-and-rescue in the Central Mediterranean Route does not induce migration BT - predictive modeling to answer causal queries in migration research JF - Scientific reports N2 - State- and private-led search-and-rescue are hypothesized to foster irregular migration (and thereby migrant fatalities) by altering the decision calculus associated with the journey. We here investigate this ‘pull factor’ claim by focusing on the Central Mediterranean route, the most frequented and deadly irregular migration route towards Europe during the past decade. Based on three intervention periods—(1) state-led Mare Nostrum, (2) private-led search-and-rescue, and (3) coordinated pushbacks by the Libyan Coast Guard—which correspond to substantial changes in laws, policies, and practices of search-and-rescue in the Mediterranean, we are able to test the ‘pull factor’ claim by employing an innovative machine learning method in combination with causal inference. We employ a Bayesian structural time-series model to estimate the effects of these three intervention periods on the migration flow as measured by crossing attempts (i.e., time-series aggregate counts of arrivals, pushbacks, and deaths), adjusting for various known drivers of irregular migration. We combine multiple sources of traditional and non-traditional data to build a synthetic, predicted counterfactual flow. Results show that our predictive modeling approach accurately captures the behavior of the target time-series during the various pre-intervention periods of interest. A comparison of the observed and predicted counterfactual time-series in the post-intervention periods suggest that pushback policies did affect the migration flow, but that the search-and-rescue periods did not yield a discernible difference between the observed and the predicted counterfactual number of crossing attempts. Hence we do not find support for search-and-rescue as a driver of irregular migration. In general, this modeling approach lends itself to forecasting migration flows with the goal of answering causal queries in migration research. KW - human behaviour KW - population dynamics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38119-4 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 13 IS - 1 PB - Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature CY - London ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Matthiesen, Kai A1 - Muster, Judith A1 - Laudenbach, Peter T1 - Die Humanisierung der Organisation BT - wie man dem Menschen gerecht wird, indem man den Großteil seines Wesens ignoriert N2 - Für Menschen, die unter Organisationen leiden, sie lästig finden oder einfach besser verstehen wollen. Zu den Missverständnissen, die das Dasein in Organisationen unnötig schwer machen, gehört die Annahme, Kern und Kernproblem einer Organisation seien die Menschen, die in ihr arbeiten. Diese Unterstellung macht den Einzelnen zum Puffer, der genötigt wird, jedes Organisationsversagen aufzufangen – eine Aufgabe, an der man nur scheitern kann. Statt das Verhalten der Einzelnen heroisch zu glorifizieren oder therapeutisch zu problematisieren, interessieren uns die Verhältnisse, in denen sich dieses Verhalten abspielt. Dieses Buch richtet den Blick deshalb auf die Funktionslogiken der Organisation. Statt die Menschen mit Coachings und Identifikationsappellen zu bearbeiten, um sie an die Bedürfnisse der Organisation anzupassen, wäre es hilfreich, die Organisationsstrukturen an die Bedürfnisse ihrer Mitglieder und der Arbeitsabläufe anzupassen. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-8006-6757-4 SN - 978-3-8006-6758-1 SN - 978-3-8006-6988-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15358/9783800667581 PB - Verlag Franz Vahlen CY - Baden-Baden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liedl, Bernd A1 - Fritsch, Nina-Sophie A1 - Samper Mejia, Cristina A1 - Verwiebe, Roland T1 - Risk perceptions of individuals living in single-parent households during the COVID-19 crisis BT - examining the mediating and moderating role of income JF - Frontiers in sociology N2 - The COVID-19 crisis had severe social and economic impact on the life of most citizens around the globe. Individuals living in single-parent households were particularly at risk, revealing detrimental labour market outcomes and assessments of future perspectives marked by worries. As it has not been investigated yet, in this paper we study, how their perception about the future and their outlook on how the pandemic will affect them is related to their objective economic resources. Against this background, we examine the subjective risk perception of worsening living standards of individuals living in single-parent households compared to other household types, their objective economic situation based on the logarithmised equivalised disposable household incomes and analyse the relationship between those indicators. Using the German SOEP, including the SOEP-CoV survey from 2020, our findings based on regression modelling reveal that individuals living in single-parent households have been worse off during the pandemic, facing high economic insecurity. Path and interaction models support our assumption that the association between those indicators may not be that straightforward, as there are underlying mechanisms–such as mediation and moderation–of income affecting its direction and strength. With respect to our central hypotheses, our empirical findings point toward (1) a mediation effect, by demonstrating that the subjective risk perception of single-parent households can be partly explained by economic conditions. (2) The moderating effect suggests that the concrete position at the income distribution of households matters as well. While at the lower end of the income distribution, single-parent households reveal particularly worse risk perceptions during the pandemic, at the high end of the income spectrum, risk perceptions are similar for all household types. Thus, individuals living in single-parent households do not perceive higher risks of worsening living standards due to their household situation per se, but rather because they are worse off in terms of their economic situation compared to individuals living in other household types. KW - COVID-19 pandemic KW - Germany KW - household types KW - individuals living in single-parent households KW - objective labour market outcome KW - subjective risk perception Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2023.1265302 SN - 2297-7775 VL - 8 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian A1 - Schmitz, Andreas T1 - Divided we stand, united we fall? BT - structure and struggles of contemporary German sociology JF - International review of sociology N2 - This contribution presents an analysis of the structure and conflictual dynamics of contemporary German sociology which has recently separated into two professional societies. Using geometric data analysis, we present an empirical construction of the power/knowledge structure of the field, its paradigmatic plurality, and the various forms of sociological practices involved. KW - German sociology KW - scientific fields KW - geometric data analysis KW - class-specific analysis KW - prosopography Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03906701.2023.2244170 SN - 0390-6701 SN - 1469-9273 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 512 EP - 545 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Khalil, Samir A1 - Lietz, Almuth A1 - Mayer, Sabrina J. T1 - Overeducation as moderator for the link between job change and job satisfaction among immigrants and natives in Germany JF - Current psychology N2 - Job satisfaction is a major driver of an individual’s subjective well-being and thus affects public health, societal prosperity, and organisations, as dissatisfied employees are less productive and more likely to change jobs. However, changing jobs does not necessarily lead to higher job satisfaction in the long run. Previous studies have shown, instead, that changing jobs only increases job satisfaction for a short period of time before it gradually falls back to similar levels as before. This phenomenon is known as the ’honeymoon–hangover’ pattern. In our study, we identify an important new moderator of the relation between job change and job satisfaction: the job–education match of job changes. Based on relative deprivation theory, we argue that job changes from being overeducated in a job lowers the likelihood of negative comparisons and thus increases the honeymoon period, lessens the hangover period, and increases long-term job satisfaction. We use data from the Socio-Economic Panel ranging from 1994–2018 and focus specifically on individual periods of employees before and after job changes (n = 134,404). Our results confirm that a change to a job that requires a matched education has a stronger and longer-lasting effect on job satisfaction, and that this effect is slightly lower for respondents born abroad. KW - job satisfaction KW - overeducation KW - job changes KW - honeymoon-hangover KW - immigration Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03695-7 SN - 1046-1310 SN - 1936-4733 VL - 42 IS - 30 SP - 26692 EP - 26708 PB - Springer CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Khalil, Samir A1 - Kohler, Ulrich A1 - Tjaden, Jasper Dag T1 - Is There a Rural Penalty in Language Acquisition? Evidence From Germany's Refugee Allocation Policy JF - Frontiers in Sociology N2 - Emerging evidence has highlighted the important role of local contexts for integration trajectories of asylum seekers and refugees. Germany's policy of randomly allocating asylum seekers across Germany may advantage some and disadvantage others in terms of opportunities for equal participation in society. This study explores the question whether asylum seekers that have been allocated to rural areas experience disadvantages in terms of language acquisition compared to those allocated to urban areas. We derive testable assumptions using a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) which are then tested using large-N survey data (IAB-BAMF-SOEP refugee survey). We find that living in a rural area has no negative total effect on language skills. Further the findings suggest that the “null effect” is the result of two processes which offset each other: while asylum seekers in rural areas have slightly lower access for formal, federally organized language courses, they have more regular exposure to German speakers. KW - refugees KW - allocation policies KW - rural KW - language acquisition KW - intergroup contacts KW - language courses KW - integration Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2022.841775 SN - 2297-7775 VL - 7 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Frontiers CY - Lausanne, Schweiz ER - TY - GEN A1 - Löckmann, Teresa A1 - Schneider, Matthias T1 - Geschlechtergerechtigkeit im Verbraucher_innenschutz? T2 - Genderblog KW - #4genderstudies KW - #AusDemDigitalenSeminarraum KW - #AusdemSeminarraum KW - #MeinSchreibtisch KW - #nachgefragt KW - Aktivismus KW - Arbeit KW - Archiv KW - BlackLivesMatter KW - care KW - Corona KW - DDR KW - Digitalisierung KW - Elternschaft KW - Familie KW - feminism KW - Feminismus KW - Frauengeschichte KW - Gender KW - Gendering MINT digital Gender Studies KW - Geschlechterforschung KW - Geschlechterverhältnisse KW - Gleichstellung KW - HIV KW - Intersektionalität KW - Literatur KW - Migration KW - MINT KW - Männlichkeit KW - Open Access KW - Podcast KW - Queer KW - Rassismus KW - Recht KW - Sexismus KW - Sexuelle Bildung KW - Studierenden-Stimmen KW - Symposium KW - Tagung KW - teengirl culture KW - trans* KW - Wissenschaftskommunikation KW - Wissenschaftstag KW - Wissensproduktion Y1 - 2022 UR - https://genderblog.hu-berlin.de/geschlechtergerechtigkeit-im-verbraucher_innenschutz/ PB - Zentrum für transdisziplinäre Geschlechterstudien an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Post, Julia C. A1 - Class, Fabian A1 - Kohler, Ulrich T1 - Unit nonresponse biases in estimates of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence JF - Survey research methods N2 - Since COVID-19 became a pandemic, many studies are being conducted to get a better understanding of the disease itself and its spread. One crucial indicator is the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Since this measure is an important foundation for political decisions, its estimate must be reliable and unbiased. This paper presents reasons for biases in prevalence estimates due to unit nonresponse in typical studies. Since it is difficult to avoid bias in situations with mostly unknown nonresponse mechanisms, we propose the maximum amount of bias as one measure to assess the uncertainty due to nonresponse. An interactive web application is presented that calculates the limits of such a conservative unit nonresponse confidence interval (CUNCI). KW - COVID-19 KW - prevalence KW - probability samples KW - unit nonresponse KW - conservative confidence limits KW - nonresponse bias Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18148/srm/2020.v14i2.7755 SN - 1864-3361 VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 115 EP - 121 PB - European Survey Research Association CY - Duisburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hamann, Julian A1 - Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian ED - Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian ED - Bernhard, Stefan T1 - The double function of rankings BT - consecration and dispositif in transnational academic fields T2 - Charting transnational fields N2 - Rankings have grown in importance in the last decades. This is particularly evident in, but not limited to, academia. In this paper, we propose a power analytical take on academic rankings as a transnational(izing) phenomenon. In doing so, we make two contributions. First, we develop a conceptual definition of rankings as consecratory institutions. After providing an overview of the most prominent types of rankings in the academic field and discussing the different forms they can take, we suggest that rankings operate through subjectivation, zero-sum comparisons, quantification, publication and generating a doxical belief. Second, we propose that rankings fulfil a strategic double function. As a particularly momentous consecratory institution, rankings propel power shifts in the academic field and beyond by preferring (and being pushed by) specific academic milieus, types of agents, paradigms, and strategies. As a dispositif, rankings operate at the intersection of different fields, open academic fields up for a lay audience and advance processes of transnationalization by facilitating new modes of governance for hubs of state institutions, private corporations, media corporations, and data providers. Concluding, we argue that the consecration and dispositif functions rely on some basic principles of the practical functioning of rankings. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-0-429-27494-7 SN - 978-0-367-22418-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429274947-10 SP - 160 EP - 177 PB - Routledge CY - Abingdon ; New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmitz, Andreas A1 - Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian A1 - Witte, Daniel A1 - Keil, Maria T1 - In welcher Gesellschaft forschen wir eigentlich? BT - Struktur und Dynamik des Feldes der deutschen Soziologie JF - Zeitschrift für theoretische Soziologie Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3262/ZTS1902245 SN - 2195-0695 SN - 2751-4552 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 245 EP - 281 PB - Beltz Juventa CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian T1 - French economists and the symbolic power of (post-)national scopes of capital BT - taking sides in discourses of crises, 2008–2021 JF - Serendipities : journal for the sociology and history of the social sciences N2 - The paper argues that economists’ position-taking in discourses of crises should be understood in the light of economists’ positions in the academic field of economics. This hypothesis is investigated by performing a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) on a prosopographical data set of 144 French economists who positioned themselves between 2008 and 2021 in controversies over the euro crisis, the French political economic model, and French economics. In these disciplinary controversies, different forms of (post-)national academic capital are used by economists to either initiate change or defend the status quo. These strategies are then interpreted as part of more general power struggles over the basic national or post-national constitution and legitimate governance of economy and society. KW - transnationalization KW - economic thought KW - economic crisis KW - field theory KW - history of the social sciences Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7146/serendipities.v8i1-2.133990 SN - 2521-0947 VL - 8 IS - 1-2 SP - 77 EP - 108 PB - Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz CY - Graz ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fühner, Thea Heidi A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Arntz, Fabian A1 - Kriemler, Susi A1 - Granacher, Urs T1 - An update on secular trends in physical fitness of children and adolescents from 1972 to 2015 BT - a systematic review JF - Sports medicine N2 - Background There is evidence that physical fitness of children and adolescents (particularly cardiorespiratory endurance) has declined globally over the past decades. Ever since the first reports on negative trends in physical fitness, efforts have been undertaken by for instance the World Health Organization (WHO) to promote physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents. Therefore, it is timely to re-analyze the literature to examine whether previous reports on secular declines in physical fitness are still detectable or whether they need to be updated. Objectives The objective of this systematic review is to provide an 'update' on secular trends in selected components of physical fitness (i.e., cardiorespiratory endurance, relative muscle strength, proxies of muscle power, speed) in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. Data Sources A systematic computerized literature search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science to locate studies that explicitly reported secular trends in physical fitness of children and adolescents. Study Eligibility Criteria Studies were included in this systematic review if they examined secular trends between at least two time points across a minimum of 5 years. In addition, they had to document secular trends in any measure of cardiorespiratory endurance, relative muscle strength, proxies of muscle power or speed in apparently healthy children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods The included studies were coded for the following criteria: nation, physical fitness component (cardiorespiratory endurance, relative muscle strength, proxies of muscle power, speed), chronological age, sex (boys vs. girls), and year of assessment. Scores were standardized (i.e., converted to z scores) with sample-weighted means and standard deviations, pooled across sex and year of assessment within cells defined by study, test, and children's age. Results The original search identified 524 hits. In the end, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria for review. The observation period was between 1972 and 2015. Fifteen of the 22 studies used tests for cardiorespiratory endurance, eight for relative muscle strength, eleven for proxies of muscle power, and eight for speed. Measures of cardiorespiratory endurance exhibited a large initial increase and an equally large subsequent decrease, but the decrease appears to have reached a floor for all children between 2010 and 2015. Measures of relative muscle strength showed a general trend towards a small increase. Measures of proxies of muscle power indicated an overall small negative quadratic trend. For measures of speed, a small-to-medium increase was observed in recent years. Limitations Biological maturity was not considered in the analysis because biological maturity was not reported in most included studies. Conclusions Negative secular trends were particularly found for cardiorespiratory endurance between 1986 and 2010-12, irrespective of sex. Relative muscle strength and speed showed small increases while proxies of muscle power declined. Although the negative trend in cardiorespiratory endurance appears to have reached a floor in recent years, because of its association with markers of health, we recommend further initiatives in PA and fitness promotion for children and adolescents. More specifically, public health efforts should focus on exercise that increases cardiorespiratory endurance to prevent adverse health effects (i.e.
, overweight and obesity) and muscle strength to lay a foundation for motor skill learning. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01373-x SN - 0112-1642 SN - 1179-2035 VL - 51 IS - 2 SP - 303 EP - 320 PB - Springer CY - Northcote ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Giannetti, Daniela A1 - Umansky, Karen A1 - Sened, Itai T1 - The entry of the M5S and the reshaping of party politics in Italy (2008–2018) JF - Government & opposition N2 - This article examines how challenger parties enter the political arena and the effect of this entry by looking at the Italian 5 Star Movement (Movimento 5 Stelle – M5S). We explain the M5S's entry strategy in 2013 using the spatial approach to party competition and employing expert survey data collected for each national election between 2008 and 2018. These data allow us to analyse the changing spatial configuration of Italian politics due to the increasing salience of pro/anti-EU and pro/anti-immigration dimensions. We then apply the theoretical notion of the uncovered set (UCS) to trace how the M5S's entry reshaped the overall space of party competition, causing a realignment of existing parties. This work contributes to the ongoing debate on the electoral success of challenger parties and the emerging cleavages and polarization of party systems in Western European countries. KW - populist parties KW - issue salience KW - uncovered set KW - 5 star movement KW - Italy Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/gov.2022.38 SN - 0017-257X SN - 1477-7053 VL - 59 IS - 2 SP - 464 EP - 481 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Teich, Paula A1 - Fühner, Thea Heidi A1 - Granacher, Urs A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold T1 - Physical fitness of primary school children differs depending on their timing of school enrollment JF - Scientific reports N2 - Previous research has shown that children who were enrolled to school according to the legal key date (i.e., keyage children, between eight and nine years in third grade) exhibited a linear physical fitness development in the ninth year of life. In contrast, children who were enrolled with a delay (i.e., older-than-keyage children [OTK], between nine and ten years in third grade) exhibited a lower physical fitness compared to what would be expected for their age. In these studies, cross-sectional age differences within third grade and timing of school enrollment were confounded. The present study investigated the longitudinal development of keyage and OTK children from third to fifth grade. This design also afforded a comparison of the two groups at the same average chronological age, that is a dissociation of the effects of timing of school enrollment and age. We tested six physical fitness components: cardiorespiratory endurance, coordination, speed, power of lower and upper limbs, and static balance. 1502 children (i.e., 1206 keyage and 296 OTK children) from 35 schools were tested in third, fourth, and fifth grade. Except for cardiorespiratory endurance, both groups developed from third to fourth and from fourth to fifth grade and keyage children outperformed OTK children at the average ages of 9.5 or 10.5 years. For cardiorespiratory endurance, there was no significant gain from fourth to fifth grade and keyage and OTK children did not differ significantly at 10.5 years of age. One reason for a delayed school enrollment could be that a child is (or is perceived as) biologically younger than their chronological age at the school entry examination, implying a negative correlation between chronological and biological age for OTK children. Indeed, a simple reflection of chronological age brought the developmental rate of the chronologically youngest OTK children in line with the developmental rate observed for keyage children, but did not eliminate all differences. The mapping of chronological and biological age of OTK children and other possible reasons for lower physical fitness of OTK children remain a task for future research. KW - Health care KW - Paediatrics KW - Physiology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35727-y SN - 2045-2322 VL - 13 IS - 1 PB - Springer Nature CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Büchner, Stefanie A1 - Dosdall, Henrik T1 - Organisation und digitale Technologien BT - Predictive Policing im organisationalen Kontext JF - Soziale Systeme N2 - Die Mehrheit aktueller Studien schätzt das Transformationspotenzial digitaler Technologien für Organisationen hoch ein. In Auseinandersetzung mit dieser Einschätzung entwickelt der Artikel eine konzeptionelle organisationssoziologische Perspektive auf das Verhältnis von Organisation und digitalen Technologien. Wir nutzen diese Perspektive, um den Fall des Predictive Policing in Deutschland zu betrachten und die Entscheidung zur Adaption der Technologie, ihre organisationale Situierung sowie die Rolle des Organisationstyps zu diskutieren. Unsere Perspektive führt zu einem zurückhaltenden Urteil über das Transformationspotenzial dieser digitalen Technologie, die wir daher als Reform unter anderen Reformen begreifen. Insgesamt argumentieren wir dafür, Digitalisierung stärker als bisher als heterogenen Prozess zu verstehen. N2 - Most current studies consider the transformation potential of digital technologies to be high. Taking issue with this evaluation, we develop a conceptual perspective rooted in the sociology of organizations on the relation between organizations and digital technologies. Subsequently, we use this perspective to analyze predictive policing in Germany. We examine the decision to adapt predictive policing, the organizational embedding of the technology and the role of police as a distinct organization. Our perspective leads us to judge the transformation potential of the particular digital technology predictive policing with some reservation. From our perspective, predictive policing represents a routine reform. Overall, we argue for an understanding of digitalization as a heterogenous process. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/sosys-2021-0008 SN - 0948-423X SN - 2366-0473 VL - 26 IS - 1-2 SP - 217 EP - 239 PB - De Gruyter Oldenbourg CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meischner-Al-Mousawi, Maja A1 - Heller, Luise A1 - Hartenstein, Sven A1 - Frost, Jonas A1 - Philipp, Aaron A1 - Hinz, Sylvette T1 - Suizide in deutschen Gefängnissen während der COVID-19-Pandemie T1 - Suicide in German prisons during the COVID-19 pandemic JF - Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie N2 - Das Risiko, durch einen Suizid im Gefängnis zu versterben, ist erhöht. Während der COVID-19-Pandemie wurden zum Infektionsschutz zahlreiche Maßnahmen, die beispielsweise eine deutliche Minderung der Kontakt- und Behandlungsangebote zur Folge hatten, eingeführt. Im Rahmen eines Kohortenvergleichs der Suizide und ausgewählter Merkmale der Suizident:innen in den Zeiträumen vom April 2017 bis zum Dezember 2019 sowie vom April 2020 bis zum Dezember 2022 wird untersucht, ob es eine Veränderung der Suizide während der Pandemie gab. Im Ergebnis zeigen sich eine Zunahme der Suizide während der Pandemie, insbesondere in den ersten 14 Tagen der Haft, und eine Zunahme der Suizide von Suizident:innen mit erhöhter Vulnerabilität. Keine Unterschiede wurden in den allgemeinen Risikomerkmalen für Suizide im Gefängnis festgestellt. Es ergeben sich Hinweise auf eine suizidpräventive Wirkung der Kontakt- und Behandlungsangebote. Daraus ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit, intensivere Präventionsangebote für Gefangene mit erhöhter Vulnerabilität bzw. geringerer Resilienz anzubieten. N2 - The risk of dying by suicide in prison is increased. During the COVID-19 pandemic numerous measures were introduced to protect against infection, which, for example, resulted in a significant reduction in contact and treatment options. As part of a cohort comparison of suicides and selected characteristics of the suicidal persons between April 2017 and December 2019 as well as between April 2020 and December 2022, it was investigated whether there was a change in suicides during the pandemic. The results show an increase in suicides in the cohort during the pandemic, especially in the first 14 days of detention and an increase in suicides by suicidal people with increased vulnerability. No differences were found in the overall risk characteristics for suicide in prison. There are indications of a suicide-preventing effect of the contact and treatment options. As a result there is a need to offer more intensive prevention services for prisoners with increased vulnerability or lower resilience. KW - Suizidrisiko KW - Risikofaktoren KW - Suizidprävention KW - Justizvollzug KW - suicid risk KW - risk factors KW - suicide prevention KW - prison Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11757-024-00827-6 SN - 1862-7072 SN - 1862-7080 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 106 EP - 116 PB - Steinkopff CY - Darmstadt ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wegmann, Simone T1 - Sven Siefken und Hilmar Rommetvedt (Hrsg.). 2021. Parliamentary committees in the policy process JF - Zeitschrift für vergleichende Politikwissenschaft Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12286-022-00553-5 SN - 1865-2654 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 769 EP - 772 PB - VS Verl. für Sozialwissenschaften CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - THES A1 - Schmidt, Max Oliver T1 - Umkämpftes Asyl BT - Seenotrettung und Kirchenasyl als organisationale Strategien zur Usurpation des EU-Grenzregimes und zwischengesellschaftlicher Schließungssysteme Y1 - ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian A1 - Schmitz, Andreas T1 - Divorce à l’allemande T1 - Divorce à l’allemande T1 - Scheidung auf Deutsch T1 - Divorcio a la alemana BT - luttes symboliques et tensions institutionnelles dans la sociologie allemande contemporaine BT - luttes symboliques et tensions institutionnelles dans la sociologie allemande contemporaine BT - luchas simbólicas y tensiones institucionales en la sociología alemana contemporánea JF - Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales N2 - Avec la création de l’Académie de sociologie (AS), le champ sociologique allemand compte désormais une nouvelle association professionnelle qui s’ajoute à la Société allemande de sociologie (DGS), établie de longue date. Cet article passe en revue les principales positions discursives, les sujets de controverse majeurs ainsi que les grandes lignes de fracture qui ont conduit à ce schisme. Les conflits contemporains sont interprétés au travers d’une représentation empirique du champ de la sociologie allemande. De manière générale, la sociologie allemande contemporaine apparaît une fois de plus dominée par deux camps opposés, arbitrairement définis mais puissants, qui se partagent la domination d’une discipline, pourtant réellement pluraliste. N2 - The German sociological field is now divided along two professional associations, the recently created Academy of Sociology (Akademie für Soziologie, AS) and the long-established German Sociological Association (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Soziologie, DGS). This article examines the main discursive positions, controversies and fault-lines that have contributed to this schism, based on an empirical study of the field of sociology in Germany. It underscores that these professional associations reflect, yet again, a divide between two opposed, powerful, yet arbitrarily defined poles that dominate the discipline despite its effective pluralism. N2 - Mit der Gründung der Akademie für Soziologie (AS) entstand im deutschen soziologischen Feld eine neue berufsständische Vereinigung neben der seit langem etablierten Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie. Dieser Aufsatz untersucht die wesentlichen diskursiven Positionen und Kontroversen sowie die Bruchlinien, die zu diesem Schisma geführt haben. Die zeitgenössischen Konflikte werden anhand einer empirischen Darstellung des deutschen soziologischen Feldes interpretiert. Grundsätzlich scheint die deutsche Soziologie gegenwärtig erneut in zwei gegnerische Lager gespalten zu sein, die nur vag definiert aber einflussreich sind, und die versuchen, die Disziplin unter sich aufteilen, obwohl diese in Wahrheit pluralistisch ist. N2 - A partir de la creación de la Academia de Sociología (AS), el campo de la sociología alemana cuenta con una nueva asociación profesional que se suma a la ya establecida Sociedad Alemana de Sociología (DGS). Este artículo repasa las principales posturas discursivas, controversias y líneas de fractura que condujeron a esta ruptura. Se trata de interpretar aquí los conflictos contemporáneos a través de una representación empírica del campo de la sociología alemana. En general, la sociología alemana contemporánea parece estar nuevamente dominada por dos campos opuestos, arbitrariamente definidos pero poderosos, que se reparten el dominio de una disciplina verdaderamente pluralista. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3917/arss.243.0110 SN - 0335-5322 SN - 1955-2564 VL - 48 IS - 3-4 (243-244) SP - 110 EP - 123 PB - Ed. du Seuil CY - Paris ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baur, Heiner A1 - Müller, Steffen A1 - Hirschmüller, Anja A1 - Huber, Georg A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Reactivity, stability, and strength performance capacity in motor sports JF - British journal of sports medicine : the journal of sport and exercise medicine N2 - Background: Racing drivers require multifaceted cognitive and physical abilities in a multitasking situation. A knowledge of their physical capacities may help to improve fitness and performance. Objective: To compare reaction time, stability performance capacity, and strength performance capacity of elite racing drivers with those of age-matched, physically active controls. Methods: Eight elite racing drivers and 10 physically active controls matched for age and weight were tested in a reaction and determination test requiring upper and lower extremity responses to visual and audio cues. Further tests comprised evaluation of one-leg postural stability on a two-dimensional moveable platform, measures of maximum strength performance capacity of the extensors of the leg on a leg press, and a test of force capacity of the arms in a sitting position at a steering wheel. An additional arm endurance test consisted of isometric work at the steering wheel at + 30 degrees and -30 degrees where an eccentric threshold load of 30 N.m was applied. Subjects had to hold the end positions above this threshold until exhaustion. Univariate one way analysis of variance (alpha = 0.05) including a Bonferroni adjustment was used to detect group differences between the drivers and controls. Results: The reaction time of the racing drivers was significantly faster than the controls ( p = 0.004). The following motor reaction time and reaction times in the multiple determination test did not differ between the groups. No significant differences (p> 0.05) were found for postural stability, leg extensor strength, or arm strength and endurance. Conclusions: Racing drivers have faster reaction times than age-matched physically active controls. Further development of motor sport-specific test protocols is suggested. According to the requirements of motor racing, strength and sensorimotor performance capacity can potentially be improved. Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2006.025783 SN - 0306-3674 VL - 40 SP - 906 EP - 910 PB - BMJ Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - BOOK ED - Mackert, Jürgen ED - Pappe, Ilan T1 - Siedlerkolonialismus BT - Grundlagentexte des Paradigmas und aktuelle Analysen N2 - „Siedlerkolonialismus“ ist der erste in deutscher Sprache erscheinende Band zum in Deutschland vernachlässigten geschichts- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Paradigma des Siedlerkolonialismus. Diese international breit diskutierte Perspektive eröffnet einen neuen Blick auf die westliche Moderne und ihrem Verhältnis zum Rest der Welt. Seit 1492 beobachten wir den immer eliminatorischen, oft auch genozidalen Charakter weißer europäischer Siedlergesellschaften in ihrem Verhältnis zu Indigenen, deren Land sie besetzen, sich aneignen und die sie bis heute ausplündern. Die versammelten Grundlagentexte des Paradigmas sowie aktuelle Analysen führen in das Paradigma ein und verdeutlichen, seine entscheidende Bedeutung gerade für deutsche Debatten. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-8487-9011-1 SN - 978-3-7489-3474-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748934745 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ET - 1. Auflage ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mackert, Jürgen A1 - Pappe, Ilan ED - Mackert, Jürgen ED - Pappe, Ilan T1 - Das Paradigma des Siedlerkolonialismus BT - eine Leerstelle in der deutschen Soziologie und Geschichtswissenschaft T2 - Siedlerkolonialismus : Grundlagentexte des Paradigmas und aktuelle Analysen Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-8487-9011-1 SN - 978-3-7489-3474-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748934745-11 SP - 11 EP - 54 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ET - 1. Auflage ER - TY - INPR A1 - Verwiebe, Roland A1 - Bobzien, Licia A1 - Fritsch, Nina-Sophie A1 - Buder, Claudia T1 - Social inequality and digitization in modern societies BT - a systematic literature review on the role of ethnicity, gender, and age T2 - SocArXiv : open archive of the social sciences N2 - The digitization process has triggered a profound transformation of modern societies. It encompasses a broad spectrum of technical, social, political, cultural and economic developments related to the mass use of computer- and internet-based technologies. It is now becoming increasingly clear that digitization is also changing existing structures of social inequality and that new structures of digital inequality are emerging. This is shown by a growing number of recent individual studies. In this paper, we set ourselves the task of systematizing this new research within the framework of an empirically supported literature review. To do so, we use the PRISMA model for literature reviews and focus on three central dimensions of inequality - ethnicity, gender, and age - and their relevance within the discourse on digitization and inequality. The empirical basis consists of journal articles published between 2000 and 2020 and listed on the Web of Science, as well as an additional Google Scholar search, through which we attempt to include important monographs and contributions to edited volumes in our analyses. Our text corpus thus comprises a total of 281 articles. Empirically, our literature review shows that unequal access to digital resources largely reproduces existing structures of inequality; in some cases, studies report a reduction in social inequalities as a result of the digitization process. KW - age KW - digitization KW - ethnicity KW - gender social inequality KW - social inequality Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/k2zwh PB - Center for Open Science CY - [Charlottesville, VA] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brennecke, Julia T1 - Media Review: entrepreneurship as networking JF - Organization studies Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/01708406231200710 SN - 0170-8406 SN - 1741-3044 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - Sage CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bindenagel Šehović, Annamarie ED - Govender, Kaymarlin ED - Poku, Nana K. T1 - Protecting the vulnerable BT - human and health security beyond citizenship, exploring the rationale and the possibilities for adolescents T2 - Preventing HIV among young people in Southern and Eastern Africa : Emerging evidence and intervention strategies. - (Routledge Studies in health in Africa ; Vol. 2) N2 - Contemporary pressures of climate change and migration are abetting the spread of (re)emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), including HIV, Ebola and tuberculosis (TB). While the fact remains that any person can become infected, those most affected are vulnerable populations. In Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) these include marginalized groups such as people who sell sex, LGBTI and MSM, but more widely also adolescents. Adolescents and young adults represent a particularly vulnerable group, caught as they are on the cusp between child protections and adult citizenship claims, including to health and educational provisions and protections. Without, or with incomplete claims, members of marginalized and vulnerable communities are excluded from access to provisions and protections of health as part of human security, whether out of apathy, fear or jurisdiction or through (deliberate) neglect. The chapter proceeds through the framework of human security, which puts the security of individuals at the centre of its analysis. This stands in contrast to the 1990s securitization argument which framed HIV as a threat to state security. This chapter analyzes unique challenges of vulnerable adolescent populations as these relate to HIV prevention and treatment access. In doing so, it pays special heed to the “double vulnerability” of non-citizenship and compromised citizenship among this cohort. By invoking the human security paradigm, this chapter explores HIV interventions as they pertain to and aim to protect vulnerable populations beyond borders. Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-0-429-46281-8 SN - 978-0-429-87076-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429462818 SP - 110 EP - 124 PB - Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group CY - London ; New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weinbach, Christine ED - Burkart, Günter ED - Cichecki, Diana ED - Degele, Nina ED - Kahlert, Heike T1 - Eigenlogik und Druck von außen T1 - Inherent logic and outside pressure BT - systemtheoretische Perspektiven auf das Verhältnis privat/öffentlich im Familiensystem BT - a systems theoretical perspective on the relationship between the private and the public sphere of the family system T2 - Privat – öffentlich – politisch: Gesellschaftstheorien in feministischer Perspektive N2 - In weiten Teilen der Geschlechterforschung ist die Unterscheidung zwischen Privatheit und Öffentlichkeit von großer analytischer Bedeutung für das Verständnis moderner Geschlechterverhältnisse. Dennoch weisen ihre Analysen vielfach begriffliche Unschärfen im Gebrauch der Unterscheidung auf: Zum einen wird Familie mit Privatheit, Erwerbsarbeit mit Öffentlichkeit identisch gesetzt; zum anderen werden beide Unterscheidungen parallel verwendet. Der Beitrag setzt die beiden Unterscheidungen Privatheit/Öffentlichkeit und Familie/Erwerb mithilfe der Luhmann’schen Systemtheorie auf neue Weise ins Verhältnis. Dazu greift er den Forschungsansatz Doing Family auf, der Familie als Herstellungsleistung versteht. Vorgeschlagen wird, familiale Privatheit als staatlich geschützte familiale Selbststeuerungsebene zu begreifen, auf der sich die Familie gegenüber als öffentlich begriffenen Umwelterwartungen wie dem (dynamischen) Arbeitsmarkt sowohl abgrenzt als auch auf sie antwortet. Entsprechend besitzt jedes einzelne Familiensystem seine eigene Privatheit und Öffentlichkeit. Damit einhergehend, lassen sich die Individualisierung der Familienmitglieder als auch die zunehmende Irrelevanz von Gender für die familiale Binnenstruktur beobachten: Da jedes Familiensystem die Unterscheidung auf unterschiedliche Weise handhabt, findet eine Heterogenisierung von Familienformen statt. N2 - In large areas of gender studies the distinction between the private and the public spheres has been given great analytical importance for the understanding of modern gender relations. Nevertheless, their analyses often lack conceptual clarity whilst using the distinction: On the one hand, family is used equivalent to privacy, gainful employment equivalent to the public sphere; on the other hand, both distinctions are used congruently. Against this background and with reference to Luhmann’s systems theory, the present text puts the two distinctions privacy / public sphere and family/employment into a fresh relationship. For this purpose, the text makes reference to a research approach, which conceives the family as the result of Doing Family. The text suggests seeing familial privacy as a level of self-organisation protected by the state. On this basis, the family system isolates itself from what it recognizes as expectations of the public sphere and responds to them accordingly. As a consequence, every single family system keeps its own privacy and its own public sphere. Conjointly, the extensive individualisation of the family members can be observed: As every family system uses the distinction at its own discretion, a heterogenisation of family forms takes place. KW - Selbststeuerung des Familiensystems KW - Selbstbeobachtung des Familiensystems KW - wohlfahrtsstaatliche Strukturvorgaben KW - doing family KW - Systemtheorie KW - Heterogenisierung von Familienformen;Self-Steering of the Family System KW - self-observation of the family system KW - structural demands of the welfare state KW - systems theory KW - heterogenization of family forms Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-658-35400-8 SN - 978-3-658-35401-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35401-5_10 SP - 285 EP - 311 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hänel, Hilkje C. T1 - The intricacies of ideology and ignorance BT - a reply to Mason T2 - Social epistemology review & reply collective : SERRC Y1 - 2021 UR - https://wp.me/p1Bfg0-62M SN - 2471-9560 VL - 10 IS - 7 SP - 58 EP - 62 PB - Social epistemology review & reply collective CY - [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jung, Jana T1 - Partnership trajectories and their consequences over the life course BT - evidence from the German LifE Study JF - Advances in life course research N2 - Objective: Following a life course perspective, this study examines the link between partnership trajectories and three dimensions of psychological well-being: psychological health, overall sense of self-worth and quality of life. Background: Assuming that life outcomes are the result of prior decisions, experiences and events, partnership histories can be seen as a resource for psychological well-being. Furthermore, advantages or disadvantages from living with or without a partner should accumulate over time. While previous cross-sectional research has mainly focused on the influence of partnership status or a status change on well-being, prior longitudinal studies could not control for reverse causality of well-being and partnership trajectories. This research addresses the question of how different patterns of partnership biographies are related to a person's well-being in middle adulthood. Selection effects of pre-trajectory well-being as well as current life conditions are also taken into account. Method: Using data from the German LifE Study, the partnership trajectories between ages of 16 and 45 are classified by sequence and cluster analysis. OLS regression is then used to examine the link between types of partnership trajectories and depression, self-esteem and overall life satisfaction at age 45. Results: For women, well-being declined when experiencing unstable non-cohabitational union trajectories or divorce followed by unpartnered post-marital trajectories. Men suffered most from being long-term single. The results could not be explained by selection effects of pre-trajectory well-being. Conclusion: While women seem to 'recover' from most of the negative effects of unstable partnership trajectories through a new partnership, for men it was shown that being mainly unpartnered has long-lasting effects on their psychological well-being. KW - Partnership trajectories KW - Well-being KW - Life course perspective KW - Cumulative advantages and disadvantages KW - Sequence analysis KW - German LifE KW - Study Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2022.100525 SN - 1569-4909 SN - 1879-6974 VL - 55 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - INPR A1 - Hipp, Lena A1 - Leumann, Sandra A1 - Schober, Pia S. T1 - Partnership penalties for working in gender-atypical occupations? BT - observational and experimental evidence from Germany N2 - Does working in a gender-atypical occupation reduce individuals’ likelihood of finding a different-sex romantic partner, and do such occupational partnership penalties contribute to occupational gender segregation? To answer this question, we theorized partnership penalties for working in gender-atypical occupations by drawing on insights from evolutionary psychology, social constructivism, and rational choice theory and exploited the stability of occupational pathways in Germany. In Study 1, we analyzed observational data from a national probability sample (N= 1,634,944) to assess whether individuals in gender-atypical occupations were less likely to be partnered than individuals who worked in gender typical occupations. To assess whether the observed partnership gaps found in Study 1 were causally related to the gender typicality of men’s and women’s occupations, we conducted a field experiment on a dating app (N = 6,778). Because the findings from Study 2 suggested that young women and men indeed experienced penalties for working in a gender-atypical occupation (at least when they were not highly attractive), we employed a choice-experimental design in Study 3 (N = 1,250) to assess whether women and men were aware of occupational partnership penalties and showed that anticipating occupational partnership penalties may keep young and highly educated women from working in gender-atypical occupations. Our main conclusion therefore is that that observed penalties and their anticipation seem to be driven by unconscious rather than conscious processes. KW - gender KW - occupational gender segregation KW - marriage KW - partnership KW - mating KW - dating KW - stereotypes KW - observational data KW - experiment Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/ydurp ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kritikos, Alexander S. A1 - Maliranta, Mika A1 - Nippala, Veera A1 - Nurmi, Satu T1 - Does gender of firm ownership matter? BT - female entrepreneurs and the gender pay gap JF - Journal of population economics N2 - We examine how the gender of business owners is related to the wages paid to female relative to male employees working in their firms. Using Finnish register data and employing firm fixed effects, we find that the gender pay gap is—starting from a gender pay gap of 11 to 12%—two to three percentage points lower for hourly wages in female-owned firms than in male-owned firms. Results are robust to how the wage is measured, as well as to various further robustness checks. More importantly, we find substantial differences between industries. While, for instance, in the manufacturing sector, the gender of the owner plays no role in the gender pay gap, in several service sector industries, like ICT or business services, no or a negligible gender pay gap can be found, but only when firms are led by female business owners. Businesses with male ownership maintain a gender pay gap of around 10% also in the latter industries. With increasing firm size, the influence of the gender of the owner, however, fades. In large firms, it seems that others—firm managers—determine wages and no differences in the pay gap are observed between male- and female-owned firms. KW - entrepreneurship KW - gender pay gap KW - discrimination KW - linked employer-employee data Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-024-01030-x SN - 0933-1433 SN - 1432-1475 VL - 37 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 31 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frodermann, Corinna A1 - Hipp, Lena A1 - Bünning, Mareike T1 - Money matters! BT - evidence from a survey experiment on attitudes toward maternal employment across contexts in Germany JF - Gender & society N2 - This paper examines the context dependency of attitudes toward maternal employment. We test three sets of factors that may affect these attitudes—economic benefits, normative obligations, and child-related consequences—by analyzing data from a unique survey experimental design implemented in a large-scale household panel survey in Germany (17,388 observations from 3,494 respondents). Our results show that the economic benefits associated with maternal employment are the most important predictor of attitudes supporting maternal employment. Moreover, we find that attitudes toward maternal employment vary by individual, household, and contextual characteristics (in particular, childcare quality). We interpret this variation as an indication that negative attitudes toward maternal employment do not necessarily reflect gender essentialism; rather, gender role attitudes are contingent upon the frames individuals have in mind. KW - maternal employment KW - factorial survey design KW - gender role attitudes KW - survey experiments KW - work and family KW - gender norms Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432241252601 SN - 0891-2432 SN - 1552-3977 VL - 38 IS - 3 SP - 436 EP - 465 PB - Sage CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - BOOK ED - Kazepov, Yuri ED - Verwiebe, Roland T1 - Vienna BT - Still a just city? T3 - Built environment city studies N2 - This book explores and debates the urban transformations that have taken place in Vienna over the past 30 years and their consequences in policy fields such as labour and housing, political and social participation and the environment. Historically, European cities have been characterised by a strong association between social cohesion, quality of life, economic ambition and a robust State. Vienna is an excellent example for that. In more recent years, however, cities were pressured to change policy principles and mechanisms in the context of demographic shifts, post-industrial transformations and welfare recalibration which have led to worsened social conditions in many cities. Each chapter in this volume discusses Vienna's responses to these pressures in key policy arenas, looking at outcomes from the context-specific local arrangements. Against a theoretical framework debating the European city as a model of inclusion and social justice, authors explore the local capacity to innovate urban policies and to address new social risks, while paying attention to potential trade-offs. The book questions and assesses the city's resilience using time series and an institutional analysis of four key dimensions that characterise the European city model within the context of post-industrial transition: redistribution, recognition, representation and sustainability. It offers a multiscalar perspective of urban governance through labour, housing, participatory and environmental policies, bringing together different levels and public policy types. KW - Built Environment KW - Environment and Sustainability KW - Geography KW - Social Sciences KW - Urban Studies Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-0-367-68011-4 SN - 978-1-003133-82-7 SN - 978-0-367-68013-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003133827 PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Verwiebe, Roland ED - Maggino, Filomena T1 - Social institutions T2 - Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research N2 - Social institutions are a system of behavioral and relationship patterns that are densely interwoven and enduring and function across an entire society. They order and structure the behavior of individuals in core areas of society and thus have a strong impact on the quality of life of individuals. Institutions regulate the following: (a) family and relationship networks carry out social reproduction and socialization; (b) institutions in the realm of education and training ensure the transmission and cultivation of knowledge, abilities, and specialized skills; (c) institutions in the labor market and economy provide for the production and distribution of goods and services; (d) institutions in the realm of law, governance, and politics provide for the maintenance of the social order; (e) while cultural, media, and religious institutions further the development of contexts of meaning, value orientations, and symbolic codes. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-17298-4 SN - 978-3-031-17299-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17299-1_2768 SP - 6598 EP - 6600 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - INPR A1 - Singhal, Puja A1 - Pahle, Michael A1 - Kalkuhl, Matthias A1 - Sommer, Stephan A1 - Levesque, Antoine A1 - Berneiser, Jessica T1 - Beyond good faith BT - why evidence-based policy is necessary to decarbonize buildings cost-effectively T2 - SSRN eLibrary / Social Science Research Network N2 - The ambitious climate targets set by industrialized nations worldwide cannot be met without decarbonizing the building stock. Using Germany as a case study, this paper takes stock of the extensive set of energy efficiency policies that are already in place and clarifies that they have been designed “in good faith” but lack in overall effectiveness as well as cost-efficiency in achieving these climate targets. We map out the market failures and behavioural considerations that are potential reasons for why realized energy savings fall below expectations and why the household adoption of energy-efficient and low-carbon technologies has remained low. We highlight the pressing need for data and modern empirical research to develop targeted and cost-effective policies seeking to correct these market failures. To this end, we identify some key research questions and identify gaps in the data required for evidence-based policy. KW - energy efficiency KW - decarbonization KW - housing sector KW - heat demand KW - evidence-based policy Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3947800 SN - 1556-5068 PB - SSRN - Elsevier CY - Rochester, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Juchler, Ingo ED - Jungwirth, Martin T1 - Demokratische Aufbrüche in Berlin BT - Lernen an historischen Erinnerungsorten T2 - Forschen.Lernen.Lehren an öffentlichen Orten - The Wider View Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-95987-136-5 SN - 978-3-95987-135-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37626/GA9783959871365.0 SP - 155 EP - 160 PB - WTM-Verlag CY - Münster ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hackmann, Nina A1 - Wolff, Christina T1 - Geschlechtervielfalt ermöglichen ― eine Schlussbetrachtung T2 - Geschlechter in Un-Ordnung: Zur Irritation von Zweigeschlechtlichkeit im Wissenschaftsdiskurs Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-8474-2679-0 SN - 978-3-8474-1852-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.4163724.15 SP - 223 EP - 225 PB - Verlag Barbara Budrich CY - Opladen, Berlin, Toronto ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Hark, Sabine_ A1 - Hackmann, Nina A1 - Wolff, Christina A1 - Voigt, Anna A1 - Krall, Lisa A1 - Niehus-Kettler, Melinda A1 - Barry, Céline A1 - Malmedie, Lydia A1 - Rain Hornstein, René_ A1 - Giesche-von Rüden, Doro* A1 - Beck, Florian A1 - Busch-Geertsema, Max A1 - von Römer, Jasper A1 - Schütze, Christin A1 - Rothermel, Ann-Kathrin A1 - Lembke, Ulrike A1 - Tischbirek, Alexander A1 - Götschel, Helene A1 - Hühne, RyLee ED - Hackmann, Nina ED - Shirchinbal, Dulguun ED - Wolff, Christina T1 - Geschlechter in Un-Ordnung BT - Zur Irritation von Zweigeschlechtlichkeit im Wissenschaftsdiskurs N2 - Wie blicken verschiedene Wissenschaftsdisziplinen (auch intersektional) auf trans, inter und nicht-binäre (TIN) Subjektpositionen jenseits der zweigeschlechtlichen Norm und Devianzen heterosexueller Lebensweisen? Wie werden Geschlechtervielfalt und Geschlechterrollen(-bilder) in zivilgesellschaftlichen Einrichtungen thematisiert? Die Autor*innen erörtern hochaktuelle gesellschaftliche, rechtliche und alltagspraktische Diskurse und Forderungen: Unter anderem werden die Änderung des Personenstandsgesetzes, das geplante Selbstbestimmungsrecht, geschlechtergerechte Sprache und die Idee der „TINklusiven“ Universität behandelt. Der erste Teil der Anthologie bietet theoretische Auseinandersetzungen über Wechselwirkungen zwischen Gesellschaft und Geschlechterkonstruktionen. Der zweite Teil wendet sich den praktischen Handlungsfeldern und institutionellen Bewältigungsstrategien zu, mit in denen binär strukturierte Organisationen und Instanzen realer Geschlechtervielfalt begegnen und intentional oder unbeabsichtigt Zweigeschlechtlichkeit und Heteronormativität (re-)produzieren bzw. dekonstruieren. Auch mögliche Verstärkungen anderer Diskriminierungsformen durch Othering-Prozesse im Genderdiskurs werden thematisiert. Im dritten und letzten Teil werden hochschulpolitische Spielräume anhand verfassungsrechtlicher Prüfung und digitaler Handlungsoptionen ausgelotet. KW - anti-gender KW - cis-Fragilität KW - Gender KW - Geschlechterkonstruktion KW - Geschlechtervielfalt KW - Hochschule KW - Institution KW - inter KW - non-binär KW - Organisationen KW - Personenstandsgesetz KW - Sexualität KW - Trans KW - Universität Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-8474-2679-0 SN - 978-3-8474-1852-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3224/84742679 PB - Verlag Barbara Budrich CY - Opladen, Berlin, Toronto ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hackmann, Nina A1 - Wolff, Christina T1 - Einleitung: Diskursive Auseinandersetzung mit Zweigeschlechtlichkeit und die hochschulpolitische Ausgangslage T2 - Geschlechter in Un-Ordnung: Zur Irritation von Zweigeschlechtlichkeit im Wissenschaftsdiskurs Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-8474-2679-0 SN - 978-3-8474-1852-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.4163724.4 SP - 11 EP - 20 PB - Verlag Barbara Budrich CY - Opladen, Berlin, Toronto ER - TY - BOOK ED - Witzgall, Susanne ED - Kesting, Marietta T1 - Human after man T3 - Schriftenreihe des cx centrum für interdisziplinäre Studien der Akademie der Bildenden Künste München N2 - Das humanistische Konzept des Menschen [Man] mit seinem Ideal des weißen westlichen Mannes als universalem Repräsentanten des Menschlichen [Human] steht in der Kritik. Die jamaikanische Autorin und Philosophin Sylvia Wynter, auf deren Formulierung »Towards Human after Man« sich der Titel dieses Buches bezieht, plädiert bereits seit mehreren Jahrzehnten für eine dekoloniale Konzeption des Menschen, die sich von seinen westlich normierten und rassifizierten Konfigurationen entkoppelt. Aktuelle neomaterialistische, posthumanistische oder ökologische Diskurse sehen insbesondere im Klimawandel, dem voranschreitenden Artensterben und einer immer engeren Verschmelzung von Lebendigem und Technischem sowie den damit verbundenen kapitalistischen Ausbeutungsmechanismen den zwingenden Anlass für ein Neudenken des Menschlichen. Das Buch setzt diese verschiedenen Ansätze in Bezug zueinander und bringt sie in Dialog mit künstlerischen Positionen, die in radikaler und teils höchst spekulativer Art und Weise alternative Formen des Humanum entwerfen. Human after Man ist Ergebnis des siebten Jahresprogramms des cx centrum für interdisziplinäre studien an der Akademie der Bildenden Künste München. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-0358-0465-2 PB - Diaphanes CY - Zürich ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dahling, Volker A1 - May, Susann A1 - Greiner, Timo A1 - Thoma, Samuel A1 - Peter, Sebastian von A1 - Schwantes, Ulrich A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Heinze, Martin T1 - Verschreibungspraxis von Psychopharmaka in brandenburgischen Pflegeheimen T2 - Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gerontologie und Geriatrie T2 - Prescribing practice of psychotropic drugs in Brandenburg nursing homes Y1 - 2021 SN - 0948-6704 SN - 1435-1269 VL - 54 IS - SUPPL 1 SP - S26 EP - S26 PB - Springer Medizin CY - Heidelberg ER -