TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pietrek, Anou F.
A1  - Kangas, Maria
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Heinzel, Stephan
A1  - Van der Kaap-Deeder, Jolene
A1  - Heissel, Andreas
T1  - Basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration in major depressive disorder
JF  - Frontiers in Psychiatry - Mood Disorders
N2  - Basic psychological needs theory postulates that a social environment that satisfies individuals’ three basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness leads to optimal growth and well-being. On the other hand, the frustration of these needs is associated with ill-being and depressive symptoms foremost investigated in non-clinical samples; yet, there is a paucity of research on need frustration in clinical samples. Survey data were compared between adult individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD; n = 115; 48.69% female; 38.46 years, SD = 10.46) with those of a non-depressed comparison sample (n = 201; 53.23% female; 30.16 years, SD = 12.81). Need profiles were examined with a linear mixed model (LMM). Individuals with depression reported higher levels of frustration and lower levels of satisfaction in relation to the three basic psychological needs when compared to non-depressed adults. The difference between depressed and non-depressed groups was significantly larger for frustration than satisfaction regarding the needs for relatedness and competence. LMM correlation parameters confirmed the expected positive correlation between the three needs. This is the first study showing substantial differences in need-based experiences between depressed and non-depressed adults. The results confirm basic assumptions of the self-determination theory and have preliminary implications in tailoring therapy for depression.
KW  - basic need satisfaction and frustration
KW  - depressive symptoms
KW  - clinical sample
KW  - need profiles
KW  - social environment
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.962501
SN  - 1664-0640
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - Frontiers Media S.A.
CY  - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ilicic, Doris
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
T1  - Basal parasitic fungi in marine food webs-a mystery yet to unravel
JF  - Journal of Fungi
N2  - Although aquatic and parasitic fungi have been well known for more than 100 years, they have only recently received increased awareness due to their key roles in microbial food webs and biogeochemical cycles. There is growing evidence indicating that fungi inhabit a wide range of marine habitats, from the deep sea all the way to surface waters, and recent advances in molecular tools, in particular metagenome approaches, reveal that their diversity is much greater and their ecological roles more important than previously considered. Parasitism constitutes one of the most widespread ecological interactions in nature, occurring in almost all environments. Despite that, the diversity of fungal parasites, their ecological functions, and, in particular their interactions with other microorganisms remain largely speculative, unexplored and are often missing from current theoretical concepts in marine ecology and biogeochemistry. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent research avenues on parasitic fungi and their ecological potential in marine ecosystems, e.g., the fungal shunt, and emphasize the need for further research.
KW  - basal fungi
KW  - parasites
KW  - Chytridiomycota
KW  - Rozellomycota
KW  - food web
KW  - biological carbon pump
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8020114
SN  - 2309-608X
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Han, Sungju
A1  - Kuhlicke, Christian
T1  - Barriers and drivers for mainstreaming nature-based solutions for flood risks
BT  - the case of South Korea
JF  - International journal of disaster risk science
N2  - Nature-based solutions (NBS) are seen as a promising adaptation measure that sustainably deals with diverse societal challenges, while simultaneously delivering multiple benefits. Nature-based solutions have been highlighted as a resilient and sustainable means of mitigating floods and other hazards globally. This study examined diverging conceptualizations of NBS, as well as the attitudinal (for example, emotions and beliefs) and contextual (for example, legal and political aspects) barriers and drivers of NBS for flood risks in South Korea. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 experts and focused on the topic of flood risk measures and NBS case studies. The analysis found 11 barriers and five drivers in the attitudinal domain, and 13 barriers and two drivers in the contextual domain. Most experts see direct monetary benefits as an important attitudinal factor for the public. Meanwhile, the cost-effectiveness of NBS and their capacity to cope with flood risks were deemed influential factors that could lead decision makers to opt for NBS. Among the contextual factors, insufficient systems to integrate NBS in practice and the ideologicalization of NBS policy were found to be peculiar barriers, which hinder consistent realization of initiatives and a long-term national plan for NBS. Understanding the barriers and drivers related to the mainstreaming of NBS is critical if we are to make the most of such solutions for society and nature. It is also essential that we have a shared definition, expectation, and vision of NBS.
KW  - climate change
KW  - flood risk management
KW  - nature-based solutions (NBS)
KW  - South Korea
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-021-00372-4
SN  - 2095-0055
SN  - 2192-6395
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
SP  - 661
EP  - 672
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tranter, Morgan Alan
A1  - De Lucia, Marco
A1  - Kühn, Michael
T1  - Barite scaling potential modelled for fractured-porous geothermal reservoirs
JF  - Minerals
N2  - Barite scalings are a common cause of permanent formation damage to deep geothermal reservoirs. Well injectivity can be impaired because the ooling of saline fluids reduces the solubility of barite, and the continuous re-injection of supersaturated fluids forces barite to precipitate in the host rock. Stimulated reservoirs in the Upper Rhine Graben often have multiple relevant flow paths in the porous matrix and fracture zones, sometimes spanning multiple stratigraphical units to achieve the economically necessary injectivity. While the influence of barite scaling on injectivity has been investigated for purely porous media, the role of fractures within reservoirs consisting of both fractured and porous sections is still not well understood. Here, we present hydro-chemical simulations of a dual-layer geothermal reservoir to study the long-term impact of barite scale formation on well injectivity. Our results show that, compared to purely porous reservoirs, fractured porous reservoirs have a significantly reduced scaling risk by up to 50%, depending on the flow rate ratio of fractures. Injectivity loss is doubled, however, if the amount of active fractures is increased by one order of magnitude, while the mean fracture aperture is decreased, provided the fractured aquifer dictates the injection rate. We conclude that fractured, and especially hydraulically stimulated, reservoirs are generally less affected by barite scaling and that large, but few, fractures are favourable. We present a scaling score for fractured-porous reservoirs, which is composed of easily derivable quantities such as the radial equilibrium length and precipitation potential. This score is suggested for use approximating the scaling potential and its impact on injectivity of a fractured-porous reservoir for geothermal exploitation.
KW  - reactive transport
KW  - radial flow
KW  - geothermal energy
KW  - injectivity
KW  - phreeqc
KW  - formation damage
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111198
SN  - 2075-163X
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tranter, Morgan Alan
A1  - De Lucia, Marco
A1  - Wolfgramm, Markus
A1  - Kühn, Michael
T1  - Barite scale formation and injectivity loss models for geothermal systems
JF  - Water
N2  - Barite scales in geothermal installations are a highly unwanted effect of circulating deep saline fluids. They build up in the reservoir if supersaturated fluids are re-injected, leading to irreversible loss of injectivity. A model is presented for calculating the total expected barite precipitation. To determine the related injectivity decline over time, the spatial precipitation distribution in the subsurface near the injection well is assessed by modelling barite growth kinetics in a radially diverging Darcy flow domain. Flow and reservoir properties as well as fluid chemistry are chosen to represent reservoirs subject to geothermal exploration located in the North German Basin (NGB) and the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) in Germany. Fluids encountered at similar depths are hotter in the URG, while they are more saline in the NGB. The associated scaling amount normalised to flow rate is similar for both regions. The predicted injectivity decline after 10 years, on the other hand, is far greater for the NGB (64%) compared to the URG (24%), due to the temperature- and salinity-dependent precipitation rate. The systems in the NGB are at higher risk. Finally, a lightweight score is developed for approximating the injectivity loss using the Damkohler number, flow rate and total barite scaling potential. This formula can be easily applied to geothermal installations without running complex reactive transport simulations.
KW  - reactive transport
KW  - radial flow
KW  - geothermal energy
KW  - scaling
KW  - phreeqc
KW  - formation damage
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/w12113078
SN  - 2073-4441
VL  - 12
IS  - 11
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mazarei, Elham
A1  - Penschke, Christopher
A1  - Saalfrank, Peter
T1  - Band gap engineering in two-dimensional materials by functionalization
BT  - Methylation of graphene and graphene bilayers
JF  - ACS Omega
N2  - Graphene is well-knownfor its unique combination of electricaland mechanical properties. However, its vanishing band gap limitsthe use of graphene in microelectronics. Covalent functionalizationof graphene has been a common approach to address this critical issueand introduce a band gap. In this Article, we systematically analyzethe functionalization of single-layer graphene (SLG) and bilayer graphene(BLG) with methyl (CH3) using periodic density functionaltheory (DFT) at the PBE+D3 level of theory. We also include a comparisonof methylated single-layer and bilayer graphene, as well as a discussionof different methylation options (radicalic, cationic, and anionic).For SLG, methyl coverages ranging from 1/8 to 1/1, (i.e.,the fully methylated analogue of graphane) are considered. We findthat up to a coverage theta of 1/2, graphene readily accepts CH3, with neighbor CH3 groups preferring trans positions. Above theta = 1/2, the tendency to accept further CH3 weakens and the lattice constant increases. The band gapbehaves less regularly, but overall it increases with increasing methylcoverage. Thus, methylated graphene shows potential for developingband gap-tuned microelectronics devices and may offer further functionalizationoptions. To guide in the interpretation of methylation experiments,vibrational signatures of various species are characterized by normal-modeanalysis (NMA), their vibrational density of states (VDOS), and infrared(IR) spectra, the latter two are obtained from ab initio moleculardynamics (AIMD) in combination with a velocity-velocity autocorrelationfunction (VVAF) approach.
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Alkyls
KW  - Band structure
KW  - Electrical conductivity
KW  - Two dimensional materials
Y1  - 2023
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c02068
SN  - 2470-1343
VL  - 8
IS  - 24
SP  - 22026
EP  - 22041
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Petersen, Jens
T1  - Baltasar Graciáns ‚Phönix der Gerechtigkeit‘
JF  - Studien zur juristischen Ideengeschichte
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-604212
SN  - 978-3-86956-543-9
SP  - 25
EP  - 40
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wiesmeier, Isabella K.
A1  - Dalin, Daniela
A1  - Wehrle, Anja
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Muehlbauer, Thomas
A1  - Dietterle, Jörg
A1  - Weiller, Cornelius
A1  - Gollhofer, Albert
A1  - Maurer, Christoph
T1  - Balance training enhances vestibular function and reduces overactive proprioceptive feedback in elderly
JF  - Frontiers in aging neuroscience
N2  - Objectives: Postural control in elderly people is impaired by degradations of sensory, motor, and higher-level adaptive mechanisms. Here, we characterize the effects of a progressive balance training programon these postural control impairments using a brain network model based on system identification techniques. Methods and Material: We analyzed postural control of 35 healthy elderly subjects and compared findings to data from 35 healthy young volunteers. Eighteen elderly subjects performed a 10 week balance training conducted twice per week. Balance training was carried out in static and dynamic movement states, on support surfaces with different elastic compliances, under different visual conditions and motor tasks. Postural control was characterized by spontaneous sway and postural reactions to pseudorandom anterior-posterior tilts of the support surface. Data were interpreted using a parameter identification procedure based on a brain network model. Conclusion: Balance training reduced overactive proprioceptive feedback and restored vestibular orientation in elderly. Based on the assumption of a linear deterioration of postural control across the life span, the training effect can be extrapolated as a juvenescence of 10 years. This study points to a considerable benefit of a continuous balance training in elderly, even without any sensorimotor deficits.
KW  - age
KW  - balance
KW  - vestibular
KW  - proprioception
KW  - training
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2017.00273
SN  - 1663-4365
VL  - 9
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Batista, Rita A.
A1  - Figueiredo, Duarte Dionisio
A1  - Santos-Gonzalez, Juan
A1  - Köhler, Claudia
T1  - Auxin regulates endosperm cellularization in Arabidopsis
JF  - Genes & Development
N2  - The endosperm is an ephemeral tissue that nourishes the developing embryo, similar to the placenta in mammals. In most angiosperms, endosperm development starts as a syncytium, in which nuclear divisions are not followed by cytokinesis. The timing of endosperm cellularization largely varies between species, and the event triggering this transition remains unknown. Here we show that increased auxin biosynthesis in the endosperm prevents its cellularization, leading to seed arrest. Auxin-overproducing seeds phenocopy paternal-excess triploid seeds derived from hybridizations of diploid maternal plants with tetraploid fathers. Concurrently, auxin-related genes are strongly overexpressed in triploid seeds, correlating with increased auxin activity. Reducing auxin biosynthesis and signaling reestablishes endosperm cellularization in triploid seeds and restores their viability, highlighting a causal role of increased auxin in preventing endosperm cellularization. We propose that auxin determines the time of endosperm cellularization, and thereby uncovered a central role of auxin in establishing hybridization barriers in plants.
KW  - auxin
KW  - cellularization
KW  - endosperm
KW  - hybridization barrier
KW  - seed development
KW  - triploid block
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.316554.118
SN  - 0890-9369
SN  - 1549-5477
VL  - 33
IS  - 7-8
SP  - 466
EP  - 476
PB  - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
CY  - Cold Spring Harbor, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dämpfling, Helge L. C.
A1  - Mielke, Christian
A1  - Koellner, Nicole
A1  - Lorenz, Melanie
A1  - Rogass, Christian
A1  - Altenberger, Uwe
A1  - Harlov, Daniel E.
A1  - Knoper, Michael
T1  - Automatic element and mineral detection in thin sections using hyperspectral transmittance imaging microscopy (HyperTIM)
JF  - European journal of mineralogy
N2  - In this study we present a novel method for the automatic detection of minerals and elements using hyperspectral transmittance imaging microscopy measurements of complete thin sections (HyperTIM). 
This is accomplished by using a hyperspectral camera system that operates in the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) range with a specifically designed sample holder, scanning setup, and a microscope lens. 

We utilize this method on a monazite ore thin section from Steenkampskraal (South Africa), which we analyzed for the rare earth element (REE)-bearing mineral monazite ((Ce,Nd,La)PO4), with high concentrations of Nd. The transmittance analyses with the hyperspectral VNIR camera can be used to identify REE minerals and Nd in thin sections. 

We propose a three-point band depth index, the Nd feature depth index (NdFD), and its related product the Nd band depth index (NdBDI), which enables automatic mineral detection and classification for the Nd-bearing monazites in thin sections. In combination with the average concentration of the relative Nd content, it permits a destruction-free, total concentration calculation for Nd across the entire thin section.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-275-2022
SN  - 0935-1221
SN  - 1617-4011
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
SP  - 275
EP  - 284
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schinköth, Michaela
A1  - Brand, Ralf
T1  - Automatic associations and the affective valuation of exercise
BT  - disentangling the type-1 process of the affective–reflective theory of physical inactivity and exercise
JF  - German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research
N2  - The decision to exercise is not only bound to rational considerations but also automatic affective processes. The affective–reflective theory of physical inactivity and exercise (ART) proposes a theoretical framework for explaining how the automatic affective process (type‑1 process) will influence exercise behavior, i.e., through the automatic activation of exercise-related associations and a subsequent affective valuation of exercise. This study aimed to empirically test this assumption of the ART with data from 69 study participants. A single-measurement study, including within-subject experimental variation, was conducted. Automatic associations with exercise were first measured with a single-target implicit association test. The somato-affective core of the participants’ automatic valuation of exercise-related pictures was then assessed via heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, and the affective valence of the valuation was tested with a facial expression (FE; smile and frown) task. Exercise behavior was assessed via self-report. Multiple regression (path) analysis revealed that automatic associations predicted HRV reactivity (β = −0.24, p = .044); the signs of the correlation between automatic associations and the smile FE score was in the expected direction but remained nonsignificant (β = −0.21, p = .078). HRV reactivity predicted self-reported exercise behavior (β = −0.28, p = .013) (the same pattern of results was achieved for the frown FE score). The HRV-related results illustrate the potential role of automatic negative affective reactions to the thought of exercise as a restraining force in exercise motivation. For better empirical distinction between the two ART type‑1 process components, automatic associations and the affective valuation should perhaps be measured separately in the future. The results support the notion that automatic and affective processes should be regarded as essential aspects of the motivation to exercise.
KW  - Heart rate variability
KW  - Facial expression
KW  - Somatic
KW  - Dual-process
KW  - Motivation
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-020-00664-9
SN  - 2509-3150
SN  - 2509-3142
VL  - 50
IS  - 654
SP  - 366
EP  - 376
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin ; Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Deutschmann, Claudia
A1  - Roggenbuck, Dirk
A1  - Schierack, Peter
A1  - Rödiger, Stefan
T1  - Autoantibody testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-a case in which the solid phase decides on success and failure
JF  - Heliyon
N2  - Background: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is an indispensable tool for clinical diagnostics to identify or differentiate diseases such as autoimmune illnesses, but also to monitor their progression or control the efficacy of drugs. One use case of ELISA is to differentiate between different states (e.g. healthy vs. diseased). Another goal is to quantitatively assess the biomarker in question, like autoantibodies. Thus, the ELISA technology is used for the discovery and verification of new autoantibodies, too. Of key interest, however, is the development of immunoassays for the sensitive and specific detection of such biomarkers at early disease stages. Therefore, users have to deal with many parameters, such as buffer systems or antigen-autoantibody interactions, to successfully establish an ELISA. Often, fine-tuning like testing of several blocking substances is performed to yield high signal-to-noise ratios. <br /> Methods: We developed an ELISA to detect IgA and IgG autoantibodies against chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), a newly identified autoantigen in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in the serum of control and disease groups (n = 23, respectively). Microwell plates with different surface modifications (PolySorp and MaxiSorp coating) were tested to detect reproducibility problems. <br /> Results: We found a significant impact of the surface properties of the microwell plates. IgA antibody reactivity was significantly lower, since it was in the range of background noise, when measured on MaxiSorp coated plates (p < 0.0001). The IgG antibody reactivity did not differ on the diverse plates, but the plate surface had a significant influence on the test result (p = 0.0005). <br /> Conclusion: With this report, we want to draw readers' attention to the properties of solid phases and their effects on the detection of autoantibodies by ELISA. We want to sensitize the reader to the fact that the choice of the wrong plate can lead to a false negative test result, which in turn has serious consequences for the discovery of autoantibodies.
KW  - biochemistry
KW  - coatings
KW  - surface chemistry
KW  - immunology
KW  - proteins
KW  - laboratory medicine
KW  - clinical research
KW  - enzyme-linked immunosorbent
KW  - assay
KW  - biomarker discovery
KW  - reproducibility
KW  - solid-phase
KW  - autoantibody
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03270
SN  - 2405-8440
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - London [u.a.]
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Puppe, Daniel
A1  - Leue, Martin
A1  - Sommer, Michael
A1  - Schaller, Jörg
A1  - Kaczorek, Danuta
T1  - Auto-fluorescence in phytoliths
BT  - a mechanistic understanding derived from microscopic and spectroscopic analyses
JF  - Frontiers in Environmental Science
N2  - The detection of auto-fluorescence in phytogenic, hydrated amorphous silica depositions (phytoliths) has been found to be a promising approach to verify if phytoliths were burnt or not, especially in archaeological contexts. However, it is unknown so far at what temperature and how auto-fluorescence is induced in phytoliths. We used fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to analyze auto-fluorescence in modern phytoliths extracted from plant samples or in intact leaves of winter wheat. Leaves and extracted phytoliths were heated at different temperatures up to 600 degrees C. The aims of our experiments were i) to find out what temperature is needed to induce auto-fluorescence in phytoliths, ii) to detect temperature-dependent changes in the molecular structure of phytoliths related to auto-fluorescence, and iii) to derive a mechanistic understanding of auto-fluorescence in phytoliths. We found organic compounds associated with phytoliths to cause auto-fluorescence in phytoliths treated at temperatures below approx. 400 degrees C. In phytoliths treated at higher temperatures, i.e., 450 and 600 degrees C, phytolith auto-fluorescence was mainly caused by molecular changes of phytolith silica. Based on our results we propose that auto-fluorescence in phytoliths is caused by clusterization-triggered emissions, which are caused by overlapping electron clouds forming non-conventional chromophores. In phytoliths heated at temperatures above about 400 degrees C dihydroxylation and the formation of siloxanes result in oxygen clusters that serve as non-conventional chromophores in fluorescence events. Furthermore, SEM-EDX analyses revealed that extractable phytoliths were dominated by lumen phytoliths (62%) compared to cell wall phytoliths (38%). Our findings might be not only relevant in archaeological phytolith-based examinations, but also for studies on the temperature-dependent release of silicon from phytoliths and the potential of long-term carbon sequestration in phytoliths.
KW  - fluorescence microscopy
KW  - FTIR spectroscopy
KW  - SEM-EDX
KW  - burnt phytoliths;
KW  - carbon sequestration
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.915947
SN  - 2296-665X
VL  - 10
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kluth, Alicia
A1  - Lemire-Tremblay, Marilyne
A1  - Jamey, Kevin
A1  - Dalla Bella, Simone
A1  - Falk, Simone
T1  - Auswirkungen eines nonverbalen Rhythmustrainings auf die Sprechmotorik und Sprechflüssigkeit bei stotternden Kindern
JF  - Spektrum Patholinguistik 16
N2  - Die alleinige Ursache von Stottern ist weiterhin nicht abschließend geklärt. Auf neurofunktioneller und -morphologischer Ebene zeigen stotternde Personen Abweichungen in den Arealen, welche nicht nur für die Initiierung von sprechmotorischen Programmen, sondern auch für die Produktion und Perzeption von musikalischen Rhythmen zuständig sind. Unterschiede zu flüssigsprechenden Personen treten jedoch nicht nur im verbalen, sondern auch im nonverbal sensomotorischen Bereich auf, was auf eine Störung domänenübergreifender auditiv-motorischer Koordinationsprozesse hindeutet. Ausgehend davon wurde in einigen Studien postuliert, dass dem Störungsbild Stottern ein domänenübergreifendes Rhythmusdefizit zugrunde liegt. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Störungsbildern, welche auch Probleme in rhythmischen Aufgaben aufweisen, gibt es bis dato jedoch keine Intervention, welche dieses Defizit angeht. Es soll untersucht werden, ob ein nonverbales rhythmisches Training bei stotternden Kindern im Alter von zehn bis zwölf Jahren eine Verbesserung der sensomotorischen Synchronisationsfähigkeiten zur Folge hat. Zudem soll erforscht werden, ob es Transfereffekte auf die Sprechmotorik und Sprechflüssigkeit gibt. Für die vorliegende einfach verblindete Pilotstudie sollen 20 Kinder rekrutiert werden. Zehn davon werden randomisiert der Experimentalgruppe zugewiesen, welche das rhythmische Spiel Rhythm Workers über drei Wochen daheim auf einem Tablet spielen sollen. Die Kontrollgruppe spielt ein nicht-rhythmisches Bubble-Shooter-Spiel namens Frozen Bubble. Diese Studie könnte somit den Weg ebnen für technologieunterstützte Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen, welche darauf abzielen die rhythmisch-motorischen Defizite bei Stottern zu lindern.
KW  - Stottern
KW  - sensomotorische Synchronisation
KW  - Rhythmustraining
KW  - Sprechmotorik
KW  - Apps
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-613497
SN  - 978-3-86956-559-0
SN  - 1866-9433
SN  - 1869-3822
IS  - 16
SP  - 135
EP  - 149
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Asche, Matthias
A1  - Brechenmacher, Thomas
T1  - Auswahlbibliographie zur berlin-brandenburgischen Immigrationsgeschichte
JF  - Hier geblieben? Brandenburg als Einwanderungsland vom Mittelalter bis heute
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-546899
SN  - 978-3-86956-506-4
SP  - 251
EP  - 262
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Paton, Eva
A1  - Vogel, Johannes Joscha
A1  - Kluge, Björn
A1  - Nehls, Thomas
T1  - Ausmaß, Trend und Extrema von Dürren im urbanen Raum
T1  - Extent, trend and extremes of droughts in urban areas
JF  - Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung
N2  - Summers are currently perceived to be getting longer, hotter and more extreme - and this impression is reinforced in urban areas by the occurrence of heat island effects in densely built-up areas. To assess the real extent of increasing drought occurrences in German cities, a DWD data set of 31 urban climate stations for the period 1950 to 2019 was analysed using the standardised precipitation index (SPI) with regard to meteorological drought lengths, drought extrema, heat waves and compound events in the form of simultaneously occurring heat waves and drought months. The analysis shows a large degree of heterogeneity within Germany: a severe drought occurred in most cities in 2018, while the year 2018 was among the three years with the longest droughts (since 1950) for only one third of the cities. Some southern and central German cities show a statistically significant increase in drought months per decade since 1950, other cities, mostly in the north and northwest, only show an increase in the past two decades or even no trend at all. The compound analysis of simultaneously occurring heat and drought months shows a strong increase at most stations in the last two decades, whereby the two components are responsible with a very different proportion regionally for the increase in compound events.
N2  - In der derzeitigen Wahrnehmung werden die Sommer dürrer, heißer und extremer – dieser Eindruck verstärkt sich im urbanen Raum durch das Auftreten von Hitzeinseleffekten in dicht bebauten Gebieten. Um das wirkliche Ausmaß der Dürre bewerten zu können, wurden Zeitreihendaten von 31 urbanen Klimastationen (DWD) für den Zeitraum 1950 bis 2019 mittels des standardisierten Niederschlagsindex (SPI) bezüglich Dürrelängen, Dürreextrema, Hitzewellen und gleichzeitig auftretenden Hitze- und Dürremonaten ausgewertet.
Die Analyse zeigt eine große Heterogenität innerhalb von Deutschland: In den meisten Städten trat 2018 eine lange Dürre von einer durchschnittlichen Dauer von 6 Monaten auf, gleichzeitig gehörte das Jahr 2018 nur bei einem Drittel der Städte zu den drei Jahren mit den längsten Dürren seit 1950. Bei den meisten betrachteten Stationen traten die längsten Dürren in den Jahren 1953, 1971 und 1976 auf. Bei einigen südlichen und mitteldeutschen Städten kann man eine statistisch signifikante Zunahme der Anzahl der Dürremonate pro Dekade seit 1950 verzeichnen. Andere Städte, eher im Norden und Nordwesten gelegen, zeigen nur in den letzten zwei Dekaden eine Zunahme oder gar keinen Trend. Die Compoundanalyse von gleichzeitig auftretenden Hitze- und Dürremonaten zeigt bei den meisten Stationen eine starke Zunahme innerhalb der letzten zwei Dekaden, wobei die beiden Komponenten regional mit einem sehr unterschiedlichen Anteil zur Zunahme der Compoundereignisse beitragen.
KW  - meteorological droughts
KW  - heat waves
KW  - compound events
KW  - standardised
KW  - precipitation index (SPI)
KW  - urban hydrology
KW  - meteorologische Dürren
KW  - Hitzewellen
KW  - Compoundereignisse
KW  - standardisierter Niederschlagsindex (SPI
KW  - urbane Hydrologie
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5675/HyWa_2021.1_1
SN  - 1439-1783
SN  - 2749-859X
VL  - 65
IS  - 1
SP  - 5
EP  - 16
PB  - Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde
CY  - Koblenz
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Martin, Angela
T1  - Ausgebeutet, diskriminiert, aber dringend gebraucht
BT  - ZwangsarbeiterInnen in Brandenburg während des Nationalsozialismus
JF  - Hier geblieben? Brandenburg als Einwanderungsland vom Mittelalter bis heute
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-546850
SN  - 978-3-86956-506-4
SP  - 193
EP  - 208
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dieter, Heribert
T1  - AUKUS und die strukturellen Veränderungen der sicherheitspolitischen Lage im indo-pazifischen Raum
JF  - SIRIUS – Zeitschrift für Strategische Analysen
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1515/sirius-2022-2007
SN  - 2510-263X
SN  - 2510-2648
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
SP  - 210
EP  - 217
PB  - De Gruyter
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Baberowski, David
A1  - Leonhardt, Thiemo
A1  - Rentsch, Susanne
A1  - Bergner, Nadine
T1  - Aufbau informatischer Kompetenzen im Kontext KI bei Lehramtsstudierenden des Faches Politik
JF  - Hochschuldidaktik Informatik HDI 2021 (Commentarii informaticae didacticae)
N2  - Lehrkräfte aller Fächer benötigen informatische Kompetenzen, um der wachsenden Alltagsrelevanz von Informatik und aktuell gültigen Lehrplänen gerecht zu werden. Beispielsweise verweist in Sachsen der Lehrplan für das Fach Gemeinschaftskunde, Rechtserziehung und Wirtschaft am Gymnasium mit dem für die Jahrgangsstufe 11 vorgesehenem Thema „Digitalisierung und sozialer Wandel“ auf Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) und explizit auf die Bedeutung der informatischen Bildung. Um die nötigen informatischen Grundlagen zu vermitteln, wurde für Lehramtsstudierende des Faches Politik ein Workshop erarbeitet, der die Grundlagen der Funktionsweise von KI anhand von überwachtem maschinellen Lernen in neuronalen Netzen vermittelt. Inhalt des Workshops ist es, mit Bezug auf gesellschaftliche Implikationen wie Datenschutz bei Trainingsdaten und algorithmic bias einen informierten Diskurs zu politischen Themen zu ermöglichen. Ziele des Workshops für Lehramtsstudierende mit dem Fach Politik sind: (1) Aufbau informatischer Kompetenzen in Bezug zum Thema KI, (2) Stärkung der Diskussionsfähigkeiten der Studierenden durch passende informatische Kompetenzen und (3) Anregung der Studierenden zum Transfer auf passende Themenstellungen im Politikunterricht. Das Evaluationskonzept umfasst eine Pre-Post-Befragung zur Zuversicht zur Vermittlungskompetenz unter Bezug auf maschinelles Lernen in neuronalen Netzen im Unterricht, sowie die Analyse einer abschließenden Diskussion. Für die Pre-Post-Befragung konnte eine Steigerung der Zuversicht zur Vermittlungskompetenz beobachtet werden. Die Analyse der Diskussion zeigte das Bewusstsein der Alltagsrelevanz des Themas KI bei den Teilnehmenden, aber noch keine Anwendung der informatischen Inhalte des Workshops zur Stützung der Argumente in der Diskussion.
KW  - informatische Grundkompetenzen
KW  - Lehramtsstudium
KW  - KI
KW  - maschinelles Lernen
KW  - fächerverbindend
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-615995
SN  - 978-3-86956-548-4
SN  - 1868-0844
SN  - 2191-1940
IS  - 13
SP  - 189
EP  - 209
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Oetken, Mandy
A1  - Gorski, Sebastian
ED  - Mientus, Lukas
ED  - Klempin, Christiane
ED  - Nowak, Anna
T1  - Aufbau eines integrierten Pilotstudiengangs im gewerblich-technischen Lehramt für die Mangelfächer Metall- und Elektrotechnik
BT  - Entwicklung curricularer Maßnahmen unter reflexiven Aspekten
JF  - Reflexion in der Lehrkräftebildung: Empirisch – Phasenübergreifend – Interdisziplinär (Potsdamer Beiträge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 4)
N2  - Im beruflichen Lehramt bilden sowohl der Mangel an Studierenden als auch hohe Abbruchquoten bzw. die Abwanderung in Unternehmen eine permanente Herausforderung, der im Rahmen des Projekts „FACE – Berufliches Lehramt“ (gefördert im Kontext der 3. Phase der Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung) mit unterschiedlichen Maßnahmen begegnet werden soll. Die Entwicklungs- und Unterstützungsmaßnahmen im gewerblich-technischen Lehramt am Standort Freiburg fokussieren insbesondere die Aspekte Kohärenz und Professionsorientierung – zukünftig forciert durch studentische Reflexionsprozesse. Diese werden durch die Entwicklung eines Pilotstudiengangs ergänzt, welcher eine 52-wöchige betriebliche Praxis auf Facharbeiterebene (Facharbeiterbrief) in das Studium integriert. Darüber hinaus finden Facetten von Heterogenität/Inklusion und Deutsch als Zweitsprache/Deutsch als Fremdsprache (DaZ/DaF) als Querschnittskompetenzen Eingang in das Studium. Die in allen Bereichen erworbenen Handlungskompetenzen werden in den Schulpraxisphasen erprobt und anschließend kritisch-konstruktiv in Reflexionsseminaren aufgearbeitet. Im folgenden Beitrag soll kurz auf die Entstehung des Pilotstudiengangs unter reflexiven Aspekten eingegangen werden.
KW  - Pilotstudiengang
KW  - berufliches Lehramt
KW  - Kohärenz
KW  - Querschnittskompetenzen
KW  - Reflexionsebenen
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631440
SN  - 978-3-86956-566-8
SN  - 2626-3556
SN  - 2626-4722
IS  - 4
SP  - 249
EP  - 257
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  -