TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kaminski, Jakob A.
A1  - Schlagenhauf, Florian
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Awasthi, Swapnil
A1  - Ruggeri, Barbara
A1  - Deserno, Lorenz
A1  - Banaschewski, Tobias
A1  - Bokde, Arun L. W.
A1  - Bromberg, Uli
A1  - Büchel, Christian
A1  - Quinlan, Erin Burke
A1  - Desrivieres, Sylvane
A1  - Flor, Herta
A1  - Frouin, Vincent
A1  - Garavan, Hugh
A1  - Gowland, Penny
A1  - Ittermann, Bernd
A1  - Martinot, Jean-Luc
A1  - Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere
A1  - Nees, Frauke
A1  - Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos
A1  - Paus, Tomas
A1  - Poustka, Luise
A1  - Smolka, Michael N.
A1  - Fröhner, Juliane H.
A1  - Walter, Henrik
A1  - Whelan, Robert
A1  - Ripke, Stephan
A1  - Schumann, Gunter
A1  - Heinz, Andreas
T1  - Epigenetic variance in dopamine D2 receptor
BT  - a marker of IQ malleability?
JF  - Translational Psychiatry
N2  - Genetic and environmental factors both contribute to cognitive test performance. A substantial increase in average intelligence test results in the second half of the previous century within one generation is unlikely to be explained by genetic changes. One possible explanation for the strong malleability of cognitive performance measure is that environmental factors modify gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic factors may help to understand the recent observations of an association between dopamine-dependent encoding of reward prediction errors and cognitive capacity, which was modulated by adverse life events. The possible manifestation of malleable biomarkers contributing to variance in cognitive test performance, and thus possibly contributing to the "missing heritability" between estimates from twin studies and variance explained by genetic markers, is still unclear. Here we show in 1475 healthy adolescents from the IMaging and GENetics (IMAGEN) sample that general IQ (gIQ) is associated with (1) polygenic scores for intelligence, (2) epigenetic modification of DRD2 gene, (3) gray matter density in striatum, and (4) functional striatal activation elicited by temporarily surprising reward-predicting cues. Comparing the relative importance for the prediction of gIQ in an overlapping subsample, our results demonstrate neurobiological correlates of the malleability of gIQ and point to equal importance of genetic variance, epigenetic modification of DRD2 receptor gene, as well as functional striatal activation, known to influence dopamine neurotransmission. Peripheral epigenetic markers are in need of confirmation in the central nervous system and should be tested in longitudinal settings specifically assessing individual and environmental factors that modify epigenetic structure.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-018-0222-7
SN  - 2158-3188
VL  - 8
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Herold, Fabian
A1  - Theobald, Paula
A1  - Gronwald, Thomas
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Müller, Notger Germar
T1  - Going digital – a commentary on the terminology used at the intersection of physical activity and digital health
JF  - European review of aging and physical activity
N2  - In recent years digital technologies have become a major means for providing health-related services and this trend was strongly reinforced by the current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As it is well-known that regular physical activity has positive effects on individual physical and mental health and thus is an important prerequisite for healthy aging, digital technologies are also increasingly used to promote unstructured and structured forms of physical activity. However, in the course of this development, several terms (e.g., Digital Health, Electronic Health, Mobile Health, Telehealth, Telemedicine, and Telerehabilitation) have been introduced to refer to the application of digital technologies to provide health-related services such as physical interventions. Unfortunately, the above-mentioned terms are often used in several different ways, but also relatively interchangeably. Given that ambiguous terminology is a major source of difficulty in scientific communication which can impede the progress of theoretical and empirical research, this article aims to make the reader aware of the subtle differences between the relevant terms which are applied at the intersection of physical activity and Digital Health and to provide state-of-art definitions for them.
KW  - Digital Health
KW  - Electronic Health
KW  - Mobile Health
KW  - Telehealth
KW  - Telemedicine
KW  - Physical activity
KW  - Physical training
KW  - Aging
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-022-00296-y
SN  - 1861-6909
VL  - 19
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin ; Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heißel, Andreas
A1  - Bollmann, Julian
A1  - Kangas, Maria
A1  - Abdulla, K
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Sánchez Fernàndez, Alba Cristina
T1  - Validation of the German version of the work and social adjustment scale in a sample of depressed patients
JF  - BMC health services research
N2  - Background
Depression is one of the key factors contributing to difficulties in one’s ability to work, and serves as one of the major reasons why employees apply for psychotherapy and receive insurance subsidization of treatments. Hence, an increasing and growing number of studies rely on workability assessment scales as their primary outcome measure. The Work and Social Assessment Scale (WSAS) has been documented as one of the most psychometrically reliable and valid tools especially developed to assess workability and social functioning in patients with mental health problems. Yet, the application of the WSAS in Germany has been limited due to the paucity of a valid questionnaire in the German language. The objective of the present study was to translate the WSAS, as a brief and easy administrable tool into German and test its psychometric properties in a sample of adults with depression.

Methods
Two hundred seventy-seven patients (M = 48.3 years, SD = 11.1) with mild to moderately severe depression were recruited. A multistep translation from English into the German language was performed and the factorial validity, criterion validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, internal consistency, and floor and ceiling effects were examined.

Results
The confirmatory factor analysis results confirmed the one-factor structure of the WSAS. Significant correlations with the WHODAS 2–0 questionnaire, a measure of functionality, demonstrated good convergent validity. Significant correlations with depression and quality of life demonstrated good criterion validity. The WSAS also demonstrated strong internal consistency (α = .89), and the absence of floor and ceiling effects indicated good sensitivity of the instrument.

Conclusions
The results of the present study demonstrated that the German version of the WSAS has good psychometric properties comparable to other international versions of this scale. The findings recommend a global assessment of psychosocial functioning with the sum score of the WSAS.
KW  - Workability
KW  - Social functioning
KW  - Depression
KW  - Psychometric evaluation
KW  - Translation
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06622-x
SN  - 1472-6963
VL  - 21
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - BioMed Central
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pérez Chaparro, Camilo Germán Alberto
A1  - Schuch, Felipe Barreto
A1  - Zech, Philipp
A1  - Kangas, Maria
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Heißel, Andreas
T1  - Recreational exercising and self-reported cardiometabolic diseases in German people living with HIV
BT  - A cross-sectional study
JF  - International journal of environmental research and public health : IJERPH / Molecular Diversity Preservation International
N2  - Exercise is known for its beneficial effects on preventing cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) in the general population. People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are prone to sedentarism, thus raising their already elevated risk of developing CMDs in comparison to individuals without HIV. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine if exercise is associated with reduced risk of self-reported CMDs in a German HIV-positive sample (n = 446). Participants completed a self-report survey to assess exercise levels, date of HIV diagnosis, CD4 cell count, antiretroviral therapy, and CMDs. Participants were classified into exercising or sedentary conditions. Generalized linear models with Poisson regression were conducted to assess the prevalence ratio (PR) of PLWH reporting a CMD. Exercising PLWH were less likely to report a heart arrhythmia for every increase in exercise duration (PR: 0.20: 95% CI: 0.10–0.62, p < 0.01) and diabetes mellitus for every increase in exercise session per week (PR: 0.40: 95% CI: 0.10–1, p < 0.01). Exercise frequency and duration are associated with a decreased risk of reporting arrhythmia and diabetes mellitus in PLWH. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying exercise as a protective factor for CMDs in PLWH.
KW  - HIV
KW  - exercise
KW  - cardiovascular diseases
KW  - metabolic disease
KW  - sedentary
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111579
SN  - 1660-4601
VL  - 18
IS  - 21
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel, Schweiz
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gellert, Paul
A1  - Häusler, Andreas
A1  - Suhr, Ralf
A1  - Gholami, Maryam
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Kuhlmey, Adelheid
A1  - Nordheim, Johanna
T1  - Testing the stress-buffering hypothesis of social support in couples coping with early-stage dementia
JF  - PLoS one
N2  - Purpose:
To test whether the negative relationship between perceived stress and quality of life (Hypothesis 1) can be buffered by perceived social support in patients with dementia as well as in caregivers individually (Hypothesis 2: actor effects) and across partners (Hypothesis 3: partner effects and actor-partner effects).

Method:
A total of 108 couples (N = 216 individuals) comprised of one individual with early-stage dementia and one caregiving partner were assessed at baseline and one month apart. Moderation effects were investigated by applying linear mixed models and actor-partner interdependence models.

Results:
Although the stress-quality of life association was more pronounced in caregivers (beta = -.63, p<.001) compared to patients (beta= -.31, p<.001), this association was equally moderated by social support in patients (beta = .14, p<.05) and in the caregivers (beta =.13, p<.05). From one partner to his or her counterpart, the partner buffering and actor-partner-buffering effect were not present. 

Conclusion:
The stress-buffering effect has been replicated in individuals with dementia and caregivers but not across partners. Interventions to improve quality of life through perceived social support should not only focus on caregivers, but should incorporate both partners.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189849
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heinz, Andreas
A1  - Kiefer, Falk
A1  - Smolka, Michael N.
A1  - Endrass, Tanja
A1  - Beste, Christian
A1  - Beck, Anne
A1  - Liu, Shuyan
A1  - Genauck, Alexander
A1  - Romund, Lydia
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Tost, Heike
A1  - Spanagel, Rainer
T1  - Addiction research consortium: losing and regaining control over drug intake (ReCoDe) - from trajectories to mechanisms and interventions
JF  - Addiction Biology
N2  - One of the major risk factors for global death and disability is alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use. While there is increasing knowledge with respect to individual factors promoting the initiation and maintenance of substance use disorders (SUDs), disease trajectories involved in losing and regaining control over drug intake (ReCoDe) are still not well described. Our newly formed German Collaborative Research Centre (CRC) on ReCoDe has an interdisciplinary approach funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) with a 12-year perspective. The main goals of our research consortium are (i) to identify triggers and modifying factors that longitudinally modulate the trajectories of losing and regaining control over drug consumption in real life, (ii) to study underlying behavioral, cognitive, and neurobiological mechanisms, and (iii) to implicate mechanism-based interventions. These goals will be achieved by: (i) using mobile health (m-health) tools to longitudinally monitor the effects of triggers (drug cues, stressors, and priming doses) and modify factors (eg, age, gender, physical activity, and cognitive control) on drug consumption patterns in real-life conditions and in animal models of addiction; (ii) the identification and computational modeling of key mechanisms mediating the effects of such triggers and modifying factors on goal-directed, habitual, and compulsive aspects of behavior from human studies and animal models; and (iii) developing and testing interventions that specifically target the underlying mechanisms for regaining control over drug intake.
KW  - addiction
KW  - alternative rewards
KW  - animal and computational models
KW  - cognitive-behavioral control
KW  - craving and relapse
KW  - habit formation
Y1  - 2019
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY  - New Jersey
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schraplau, Anne
A1  - Block, Andrea
A1  - Häusler, Andreas
A1  - Wippert, Pia-Maria
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Völler, Heinz
A1  - Bonaventura, Klaus
A1  - Mayer, Frank
T1  - Mobile diagnostics and consultation for the prevention of the metabolic syndrome and its secondary diseases in Brandenburg—study protocol of a regional prospective cohort study
BT  - the Mobile Brandenburg Cohort
JF  - Pilot and Feasibility Studies
N2  - Background
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk cluster for a number of secondary diseases. The implementation of prevention programs requires early detection of individuals at risk. However, access to health care providers is limited in structurally weak regions. Brandenburg, a rural federal state in Germany, has an especially high MetS prevalence and disease burden. This study aims to validate and test the feasibility of a setup for mobile diagnostics of MetS and its secondary diseases, to evaluate the MetS prevalence and its association with moderating factors in Brandenburg and to identify new ways of early prevention, while establishing a “Mobile Brandenburg Cohort” to reveal new causes and risk factors for MetS.

Methods
In a pilot study, setups for mobile diagnostics of MetS and secondary diseases will be developed and validated. A van will be equipped as an examination room using point-of-care blood analyzers and by mobilizing standard methods. In study part A, these mobile diagnostic units will be placed at different locations in Brandenburg to locally recruit 5000 participants aged 40-70 years. They will be examined for MetS and advice on nutrition and physical activity will be provided. Questionnaires will be used to evaluate sociodemographics, stress perception, and physical activity. In study part B, participants with MetS, but without known secondary diseases, will receive a detailed mobile medical examination, including MetS diagnostics, medical history, clinical examinations, and instrumental diagnostics for internal, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and cognitive disorders. Participants will receive advice on nutrition and an exercise program will be demonstrated on site. People unable to participate in these mobile examinations will be interviewed by telephone. If necessary, participants will be referred to general practitioners for further diagnosis.

Discussion
The mobile diagnostics approach enables early detection of individuals at risk, and their targeted referral to local health care providers. Evaluation of the MetS prevalence, its relation to risk-increasing factors, and the “Mobile Brandenburg Cohort” create a unique database for further longitudinal studies on the implementation of home-based prevention programs to reduce mortality, especially in rural regions.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00022764; registered 07 October 2020—retrospectively registered.
KW  - Metabolic syndrome
KW  - Mobile diagnostics
KW  - Prevention
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Physical activity
KW  - Rural health
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-021-00898-w
SN  - 2055-5784
VL  - 7
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - BioMed Central (Springer Nature)
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heissel, Andreas
A1  - Pietrek, Anou F.
A1  - Schwefel, Melanie
A1  - Abula, Kahar
A1  - Wilbertz, Gregor
A1  - Heinzel, Stephan
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
T1  - STEP.De study
BT  - a multicentre cluster-randomised effectiveness trial of exercise therapy for patients with depressive symptoms in healthcare services : study protocol
JF  - BMJ open
N2  - Introduction Although exercise therapy has widely been shown to be an efficacious treatment modality for depression, evidence for its effectiveness and cost efficiency is lacking. The Sport/Exercise Therapy for Depression study is a multicentre cluster-randomised effectiveness trial that aims to compare the effectiveness and cost efficiency of exercise therapy and psychotherapy as antidepressant treatment. <br /> Methods and analysis 480 patients (aged 18-65) with an International Classification of Diseases diagnosis associated with depressive symptoms are recruited. Up to 30 clusters (psychotherapists) are randomly assigned to allocate patients to either an exercise or a psychotherapy treatment as usual in a 2: 1 ratio. The primary outcome (depressive symptoms) and the secondary outcomes (work and social adjustment, quality of life) will be assessed at six measurement time points (t0: baseline, t1: 8 weeks after treatment initiation, t2: 16 weeks after treatment initiation, t3/ 4/5: 2, 6, 12 months after treatment). Linear regression analyses will be used for the primary endpoint data analysis. For the secondary endpoints, mixed linear and logistic regression models with fixed and random factors will be added. For the cost efficiency analysis, expenditures in the 12 months before and after the intervention and the outcome difference will be compared between groups in a multilevel model. Recruitment start date was 1 July 2018 and the planned recruitment end date is 31 December 2020. <br /> Ethics and dissemination The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Potsdam (No. 17/2018) and the Freie Universitat Berlin (No. 206/2018) and registered in the ISRCTN registry. Informed written consent will be obtained from all participants. The study will be reported in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials and the Recommendations for Interventional Trials statements. The results will be published in peer-reviewed academic journals and disseminated to the public.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036287
SN  - 2044-6055
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
PB  - BMJ Publishing Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schulze, Susanne
A1  - Merz, Sibille
A1  - Thier, Anne
A1  - Tallarek, Marie
A1  - König, Franziska
A1  - Uhlenbrock, Greta
A1  - Nübling, Matthias
A1  - Lincke, Hans-Joachim
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Spallek, Jacob
A1  - Holmberg, Christine
T1  - Psychosocial burden in nurses working in nursing homes during the Covid-19 pandemic
BT  - a cross-sectional study with quantitative and qualitative data
JF  - BMC health services research
N2  - Background The Covid-19 pandemic led to increased work-related strain and psychosocial burden in nurses worldwide, resulting in high prevalences of mental health problems. Nurses in long-term care facilities seem to be especially affected by the pandemic. Nevertheless, there are few findings indicating possible positive changes for health care workers. Therefore, we investigated which psychosocial burdens and potential positive aspects nurses working in long-term care facilities experience during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods We conducted a mixed-methods study among nurses and nursing assistants working in nursing homes in Germany. The survey contained the third German version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ III). Using Welch's t-tests, we compared the COPSOQ results of our sample against a pre-pandemic reference group of geriatric nurses from Germany. Additionally, we conducted semi-structured interviews with geriatric nurses with a special focus on psychosocial stress, to reach a deeper understanding of their experiences on work-related changes and burdens during the pandemic. Data were analysed using thematic coding (Braun and Clarke). Results Our survey sample (n = 177) differed significantly from the pre-pandemic reference group in 14 out of 31 COPSOQ scales. Almost all of these differences indicated negative changes. Our sample scored significantly worse regarding the scales 'quantitative demands', 'hiding emotions', 'work-privacy conflicts', 'role conflicts', 'quality of leadership', 'support at work', 'recognition', 'physical demands', 'intention to leave profession', 'burnout', 'presenteeism' and 'inability to relax'. The interviews (n = 15) revealed six main themes related to nurses' psychosocial stress: 'overall working conditions', 'concern for residents', 'management of relatives', 'inability to provide terminal care', 'tensions between being infected and infecting others' and 'technicisation of care'. 'Enhanced community cohesion' (interviews), 'meaning of work' and 'quantity of social relations' (COPSOQ III) were identified as positive effects of the pandemic. Conclusions Results clearly illustrate an aggravation of geriatric nurses' situation and psychosocial burden and only few positive changes due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Pre-existing hardships seem to have further deteriorated and new stressors added to nurses' strain. The perceived erosion of care, due to an overemphasis of the technical in relation to the social and emotional dimensions of care, seems to be especially burdensome to geriatric nurses.
KW  - COPSOQ
KW  - Nurses
KW  - Nursing home
KW  - Psychosocial burden
KW  - Mixed-methods study
KW  - Covid-19
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08333-3
SN  - 1472-6963
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
PB  - BMC
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Förstner, Bernd Rainer
A1  - Böttger, Sarah Jane
A1  - Moldavski, Alexander
A1  - Bajbouj, Malek
A1  - Pfennig, Andrea
A1  - Manook, Andre
A1  - Ising, Marcus
A1  - Pittig, Andre
A1  - Heinig, Ingmar
A1  - Heinz, Andreas
A1  - Mathiak, Klaus
A1  - Schulze, Thomas G.
A1  - Schneider, Frank
A1  - Kamp-Becker, Inge
A1  - Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas
A1  - Padberg, Frank
A1  - Banaschewski, Tobias
A1  - Bauer, Michael
A1  - Rupprecht, Rainer
A1  - Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Tschorn, Mira
T1  - The associations of positive and negative valence systems, cognitive systems and social processes on disease severity in anxiety and depressive disorders
JF  - Frontiers in psychiatry
N2  - Background   Anxiety and depressive disorders share common features of mood dysfunctions. This has stimulated interest in transdiagnostic dimensional research as proposed by the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) approach by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) aiming to improve the understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the processing of RDoC domains in relation to disease severity in order to identify latent disorder-specific as well as transdiagnostic indicators of disease severity in patients with anxiety and depressive disorders. 

Methods   Within the German research network for mental disorders, 895 participants (n = 476 female, n = 602 anxiety disorder, n = 257 depressive disorder) were recruited for the Phenotypic, Diagnostic and Clinical Domain Assessment Network Germany (PD-CAN) and included in this cross-sectional study. We performed incremental regression models to investigate the association of four RDoC domains on disease severity in patients with affective disorders: Positive (PVS) and Negative Valance System (NVS), Cognitive Systems (CS) and Social Processes (SP). 

Results   The results confirmed a transdiagnostic relationship for all four domains, as we found significant main effects on disease severity within domain-specific models (PVS: & beta; = -0.35; NVS: & beta; = 0.39; CS: & beta; = -0.12; SP: & beta; = -0.32). We also found three significant interaction effects with main diagnosis showing a disease-specific association. 

Limitations   The cross-sectional study design prevents causal conclusions. Further limitations include possible outliers and heteroskedasticity in all regression models which we appropriately controlled for. 

Conclusion   Our key results show that symptom burden in anxiety and depressive disorders is associated with latent RDoC indicators in transdiagnostic and disease-specific ways.
KW  - Research Domain Criteria
KW  - depression
KW  - anxiety disoders
KW  - disease severity
KW  - transdiagnostic
KW  - RDoC
Y1  - 2023
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1161097
SN  - 1664-0640
VL  - 14
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wuertz-Kozak, Karin
A1  - Roszkowski, Martin
A1  - Cambria, Elena
A1  - Block, Andrea
A1  - Kuhn, Gisela A.
A1  - Abele, Thea
A1  - Hitzl, Wolfgang
A1  - Drießlein, David
A1  - Müller, Ralph
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Mansuy, Isabelle M.
A1  - Peters, Eva M. J.
A1  - Wippert, Pia-Maria
T1  - Effects of Early Life Stress on Bone Homeostasis in Mice and Humans
JF  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
N2  - Bone pathology is frequent in stressed individuals. A comprehensive examination of mechanisms linking life stress, depression and disturbed bone homeostasis is missing. In this translational study, mice exposed to early life stress (MSUS) were examined for bone microarchitecture (μCT), metabolism (qPCR/ELISA), and neuronal stress mediator expression (qPCR) and compared with a sample of depressive patients with or without early life stress by analyzing bone mineral density (BMD) (DXA) and metabolic changes in serum (osteocalcin, PINP, CTX-I). MSUS mice showed a significant decrease in NGF, NPYR1, VIPR1 and TACR1 expression, higher innervation density in bone, and increased serum levels of CTX-I, suggesting a milieu in favor of catabolic bone turnover. MSUS mice had a significantly lower body weight compared to control mice, and this caused minor effects on bone microarchitecture. Depressive patients with experiences of childhood neglect also showed a catabolic pattern. A significant reduction in BMD was observed in depressive patients with childhood abuse and stressful life events during childhood. Therefore, future studies on prevention and treatment strategies for both mental and bone disease should consider early life stress as a risk factor for bone pathologies.
KW  - psychosocial stress
KW  - bone pathologies
KW  - osteoporosis
KW  - bone mineral density
KW  - childhood
KW  - neuroendocrine
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186634
SN  - 1422-0067
VL  - 21
IS  - 18
PB  - Molecular Diversity Preservation International
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heissel, Andreas
A1  - Pietrek, Anou F.
A1  - Kangas, Maria
A1  - Van der Kaap-Deeder, Jolene
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
T1  - The Mediating Role of Rumination in the Relation between Basic Psychological Need Frustration and Depressive Symptoms
JF  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
N2  - Research within the framework of Basic Psychological Need Theory (BPNT) finds strong associations between basic need frustration and depressive symptoms. This study examined the role of rumination as an underlying mechanism in the association between basic psychological need frustration and depressive symptoms. A cross-sectional sample of N = 221 adults (55.2% female, mean age = 27.95, range = 18–62, SD = 10.51) completed measures assessing their level of basic psychological need frustration, rumination, and depressive symptoms. Correlational analyses and multiple mediation models were conducted. Brooding partially mediated the relation between need frustration and depressive symptoms. BPNT and Response Styles Theory are compatible and can further advance knowledge about depression vulnerabilities.
KW  - psychopathology
KW  - elf-determination theory
KW  - response styles theory
KW  - frustration
KW  - depressive disorder
KW  - emotional regulation
KW  - rumination
Y1  - 2023
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020395
SN  - 2077-0383
VL  - 12
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel, Schweiz
ET  - 2
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pietrek, Anou F.
A1  - Kangas, Maria
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Heinzel, Stephan
A1  - Van der Kaap-Deeder, Jolene
A1  - Heissel, Andreas
T1  - Basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration in major depressive disorder
JF  - Frontiers in Psychiatry - Mood Disorders
N2  - Basic psychological needs theory postulates that a social environment that satisfies individuals’ three basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness leads to optimal growth and well-being. On the other hand, the frustration of these needs is associated with ill-being and depressive symptoms foremost investigated in non-clinical samples; yet, there is a paucity of research on need frustration in clinical samples. Survey data were compared between adult individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD; n = 115; 48.69% female; 38.46 years, SD = 10.46) with those of a non-depressed comparison sample (n = 201; 53.23% female; 30.16 years, SD = 12.81). Need profiles were examined with a linear mixed model (LMM). Individuals with depression reported higher levels of frustration and lower levels of satisfaction in relation to the three basic psychological needs when compared to non-depressed adults. The difference between depressed and non-depressed groups was significantly larger for frustration than satisfaction regarding the needs for relatedness and competence. LMM correlation parameters confirmed the expected positive correlation between the three needs. This is the first study showing substantial differences in need-based experiences between depressed and non-depressed adults. The results confirm basic assumptions of the self-determination theory and have preliminary implications in tailoring therapy for depression.
KW  - basic need satisfaction and frustration
KW  - depressive symptoms
KW  - clinical sample
KW  - need profiles
KW  - social environment
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.962501
SN  - 1664-0640
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - Frontiers Media S.A.
CY  - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Garbusow, Maria
A1  - Nebe, Stephan
A1  - Sommer, Christian
A1  - Kuitunen-Paul, Sören
A1  - Sebold, Miriam
A1  - Schad, Daniel
A1  - Friedel, Eva
A1  - Veer, Ilya M.
A1  - Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Ripke, Stephan
A1  - Walter, Henrik
A1  - Huys, Quentin J. M.
A1  - Schlagenhauf, Florian
A1  - Smolka, Michael N.
A1  - Heinz, Andreas
T1  - Pavlovian-To-Instrumental Transfer and Alcohol Consumption in Young Male Social Drinkers
BT  - Behavioral, Neural and Polygenic Correlates
JF  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
N2  - In animals and humans, behavior can be influenced by irrelevant stimuli, a phenomenon called Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT). In subjects with substance use disorder, PIT is even enhanced with functional activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and amygdala. While we observed enhanced behavioral and neural PIT effects in alcohol-dependent subjects, we here aimed to determine whether behavioral PIT is enhanced in young men with high-risk compared to low-risk drinking and subsequently related functional activation in an a-priori region of interest encompassing the NAcc and amygdala and related to polygenic risk for alcohol consumption. A representative sample of 18-year old men (n = 1937) was contacted: 445 were screened, 209 assessed: resulting in 191 valid behavioral, 139 imaging and 157 genetic datasets. None of the subjects fulfilled criteria for alcohol dependence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-TextRevision (DSM-IV-TR). We measured how instrumental responding for rewards was influenced by background Pavlovian conditioned stimuli predicting action-independent rewards and losses. Behavioral PIT was enhanced in high-compared to low-risk drinkers (b = 0.09, SE = 0.03, z = 2.7, p < 0.009). Across all subjects, we observed PIT-related neural blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in the right amygdala (t = 3.25, p(SVC) = 0.04, x = 26, y = -6, z = -12), but not in NAcc. The strength of the behavioral PIT effect was positively correlated with polygenic risk for alcohol consumption (r(s) = 0.17, p = 0.032). We conclude that behavioral PIT and polygenic risk for alcohol consumption might be a biomarker for a subclinical phenotype of risky alcohol consumption, even if no drug-related stimulus is present. The association between behavioral PIT effects and the amygdala might point to habitual processes related to out PIT task. In non-dependent young social drinkers, the amygdala rather than the NAcc is activated during PIT; possible different involvement in association with disease trajectory should be investigated in future studies.
KW  - Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer
KW  - amygdala
KW  - alcohol
KW  - polygenic risk
KW  - high risk drinkers
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081188
SN  - 2077-0383
VL  - 8
IS  - 8
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gorupec, Natalia
A1  - Brehmer, Nataliia
A1  - Tiberius, Victor
A1  - Kraus, Sascha
T1  - Tackling uncertain future scenarios with real options
BT  - a review and research framework
JF  - The Irish journal of management
N2  - Real options are widely applied in strategic and operational decision-making, allowing for managerial flexibility in uncertaincontexts. Increased scholarly interest has led to an extensive but fragmented research landscape. We aim to measure andsystematize the research field quantitatively. To achieve this goal, we conduct bibliometric performance analyses and bibliographiccoupling analyses with an in-depth content review. The results of the performance analyses show an increasing interest in realoptions since the beginning of the 2000s and identify the most influential journals and authors. The science mappings reveal sixand seven research clusters over the last two decades. Based on an in-depth analysis of their themes, we develop a researchframework comprising antecedents, application areas, internal and external contingencies, and uncertainty resolution throughreal option valuation or reasoning. We identify several gaps in that framework, which we propose to tackle in future research.
KW  - bibliometric analysis
KW  - decision processes
KW  - real options
KW  - research framework
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.2478/ijm-2022-0003
SN  - 2451-2834
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
SP  - 69
EP  - 88
PB  - Sciendo
CY  - Warsaw
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Welke, Robert-William
A1  - Sperber, Hannah Sabeth
A1  - Bergmann, Ronny
A1  - Koikkarah, Amit
A1  - Menke, Laura
A1  - Sieben, Christian
A1  - Krüger, Detlev H.
A1  - Chiantia, Salvatore
A1  - Herrmann, Andreas
A1  - Schwarzer, Roland
T1  - Characterization of hantavirus N protein intracellular dynamics and localization
JF  - Viruses
N2  - Hantaviruses are enveloped viruses that possess a tri-segmented, negative-sense RNA genome. 
The viral S-segment encodes the multifunctional nucleocapsid protein (N), which is involved in genome packaging, intracellular protein transport, immunoregulation, and several other crucial processes during hantavirus infection. 

In this study, we generated fluorescently tagged N protein constructs derived from Puumalavirus (PUUV), the dominant hantavirus species in Central, Northern, and Eastern Europe. 
We comprehensively characterized this protein in the rodent cell line CHO-K1, monitoring the dynamics of N protein complex formation and investigating co-localization with host proteins as well as the viral glycoproteins Gc and Gn. 
We observed formation of large, fibrillar PUUV N protein aggregates, rapidly coalescing from early punctate and spike-like assemblies. 
Moreover, we found significant spatial correlation of N with vimentin, actin, and P-bodies but not with microtubules. N constructs also co-localized with Gn and Gc albeit not as strongly as the glycoproteins associated with each other. 

Finally, we assessed oligomerization of N constructs, observing efficient and concentration-dependent multimerization, with complexes comprising more than 10 individual proteins.
KW  - hantavirus
KW  - N protein
KW  - oligomerization
KW  - actin
KW  - P-bodies
KW  - vimentin
KW  - Number and Brightness
KW  - Puumalavirus
KW  - macromolecular assemblies
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030457
SN  - 1999-4915
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Michirev, Alexej
A1  - Kühne, Katharina
A1  - Lindemann, Oliver
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Raab, Markus
T1  - How to not induce SNAs
BT  - the insufficiency of directional force
JF  - PLoS one
N2  - People respond faster to smaller numbers in their left space and to larger numbers in their right space. Here we argue that movements in space contribute to the formation of spatial-numerical associations (SNAs). We studied the impact of continuous isometric forces along the horizontal or vertical cardinal axes on SNAs while participants performed random number production and arithmetic verification tasks. Our results suggest that such isometric directional force do not suffice to induce SNAs.
Y1  - 2023
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288038
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Borýsek, Martin
T1  - In search of Ovidian hebrew
BT  - a philological study of a lesser known modern hebrew translation of Ovid’s Metamorphoses
JF  - Acta Universitatis Carolinae : AUC
N2  - This paper focuses on the first substantial translation of Ovid’s Metamorphoses into modern Hebrew, whose author was Yehoshua Friedman (1885–1934). The first part of the paper sets Friedman into the context of modern Hebrew classical philology and explores the character of his verse. The core of the text consists of three case studies of selected excerpts from Ovid’s story of Apollo and Daphne (Met. I, 456–465; 481–482; 545–552). Based on detailed linguistic and stylistic analysis of these texts, I argue that Friedman did not simply adopt a pre-existing linguistic register, but rather created an original Ovidian idiom that helped to win him lasting significance in the history of Hebrew translations from classical languages.
KW  - Ovid’s Metamorphoses
KW  - Yehoshua Friedman
KW  - modern Hebrew literature
KW  - classical translations
KW  - Apollo and Daphne
Y1  - 2022
UR  - https://karolinum.cz/casopis/auc-philologica/rocnik-2021/cislo-4/clanek-10183
U6  - https://doi.org/10.14712/24646830.2022.11
SN  - 0567-8269
SN  - 2464-6830
IS  - 4
SP  - 29
EP  - 56
PB  - Karolinum Press
CY  - Prag
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rosin, Paul L.
A1  - Lai, Yu-Kun
A1  - Mould, David
A1  - Yi, Ran
A1  - Berger, Itamar
A1  - Doyle, Lars
A1  - Lee, Seungyong
A1  - Li, Chuan
A1  - Liu, Yong-Jin
A1  - Semmo, Amir
A1  - Shamir, Ariel
A1  - Son, Minjung
A1  - Winnemöller, Holger
T1  - NPRportrait 1.0: A three-level benchmark for non-photorealistic rendering of portraits
JF  - Computational visual media
N2  - Recently, there has been an upsurge of activity in image-based non-photorealistic rendering (NPR), and in particular portrait image stylisation, due to the advent of neural style transfer (NST). However, the state of performance evaluation in this field is poor, especially compared to the norms in the computer vision and machine learning communities. Unfortunately, the task of evaluating image stylisation is thus far not well defined, since it involves subjective, perceptual, and aesthetic aspects. To make progress towards a solution, this paper proposes a new structured, three-level, benchmark dataset for the evaluation of stylised portrait images. Rigorous criteria were used for its construction, and its consistency was validated by user studies. Moreover, a new methodology has been developed for evaluating portrait stylisation algorithms, which makes use of the different benchmark levels as well as annotations provided by user studies regarding the characteristics of the faces. We perform evaluation for a wide variety of image stylisation methods (both portrait-specific and general purpose, and also both traditional NPR approaches and NST) using the new benchmark dataset.
KW  - non-photorealistic rendering (NPR)
KW  - image stylization
KW  - style transfer
KW  - portrait
KW  - evaluation
KW  - benchmark
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3
SN  - 2096-0433
SN  - 2096-0662
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
SP  - 445
EP  - 465
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tomowski, Maxi
A1  - Lozada-Gobilard, Sissi Donna
A1  - Jeltsch, Florian
A1  - Tiedemann, Ralph
T1  - Recruitment and migration patterns reveal a key role for seed banks in the meta-population dynamics of an aquatic plant
JF  - Scientific reports
N2  - Progressive habitat fragmentation threatens plant species with narrow habitat requirements. While local environmental conditions define population growth rates and recruitment success at the patch level, dispersal is critical for population viability at the landscape scale. Identifying the dynamics of plant meta-populations is often confounded by the uncertainty about soil-stored population compartments. We combined a landscape-scale assessment of an amphibious plant's population structure with measurements of dispersal complexity in time to track dispersal and putative shifts in functional connectivity. Using 13 microsatellite markers, we analyzed the genetic structure of extant Oenanthe aquatica populations and their soil seed banks in a kettle hole system to uncover hidden connectivity among populations in time and space. Considerable spatial genetic structure and isolation-by-distance suggest limited gene flow between sites. Spatial isolation and patch size showed minor effects on genetic diversity. Genetic similarity found among extant populations and their seed banks suggests increased local recruitment, despite some evidence of migration and recent colonization. Results indicate stepping-stone dispersal across adjacent populations. Among permanent and ephemeral demes the resulting meta-population demography could be determined by source-sink dynamics. Overall, these spatiotemporal connectivity patterns support mainland-island dynamics in our system, highlighting the importance of persistent seed banks as enduring sources of genetic diversity.
Y1  - 2023
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-37974-5
SN  - 2045-2322
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Rojahn, Marcel
A1  - Gronau, Norbert
ED  - Bui, Tung X.
T1  - Openness indicators for the evaluation of digital platforms between the launch and maturity phase
T2  - Proceedings of the 57th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
N2  - In recent years, the evaluation of digital platforms has become an important focus in the field of information systems science. The identification of influential indicators that drive changes in digital platforms, specifically those related to openness, is still an unresolved issue. This paper addresses the challenge of identifying measurable indicators and characterizing the transition from launch to maturity in digital platforms. It proposes a systematic analytical approach to identify relevant openness indicators for evaluation purposes. The main contributions of this study are the following (1) the development of a comprehensive procedure for analyzing indicators, (2) the categorization of indicators as evaluation metrics within a multidimensional grid-box model, (3) the selection and evaluation of relevant indicators, (4) the identification and assessment of digital platform architectures during the launch-to-maturity transition, and (5) the evaluation of the applicability of the conceptualization and design process for digital platform evaluation.
KW  - federated industrial platform ecosystems
KW  - technologies
KW  - business models
KW  - data-driven artifacts
KW  - design-science research
KW  - digital platform openness
KW  - evaluation
KW  - morphological analysis
Y1  - 2024
SN  - 978-0-99813-317-1
SP  - 4516
EP  - 4525
PB  - Department of IT Management Shidler College of Business University of Hawaii
CY  - Honolulu, HI
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Miklashevsky, Alex
A1  - Kulkova, Elena
A1  - Michirev, Alexej
A1  - Jeglinski-Mende, Melinda A.
A1  - Bertonatti, Matias
T1  - Book review on: Raab, Markus: Judgment, decision-making, and embodied choices. - 
London ; San Diego ; Cambridge, MA ; Oxford: Academic Press, 2020. - xv, 155 pages. - ISBN: 978-0-12-823523-2
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
KW  - embodied cognition
KW  - decision making
KW  - embodied choice
KW  - book review
KW  - mind-body
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.665728
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 12
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schmidt, Sabrina
A1  - Reil, Daniela
A1  - Jeske, Kathrin
A1  - Drewes, Stephan
A1  - Rosenfeld, Ulrike
A1  - Fischer, Stefan
A1  - Spierling, Nastasja G.
A1  - Labutin, Anton
A1  - Heckel, Gerald
A1  - Jacob, Jens
A1  - Ulrich, Rainer G.
A1  - Imholt, Christian
T1  - Spatial and temporal dynamics and molecular evolution of Tula orthohantavirus in German vole populations
JF  - Viruses / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
N2  - Tula orthohantavirus (TULV) is a rodent-borne hantavirus with broad geographical distribution in Europe. Its major reservoir is the common vole (Microtus arvalis), but TULV has also been detected in closely related vole species. Given the large distributional range and high amplitude population dynamics of common voles, this host-pathogen complex presents an ideal system to study the complex mechanisms of pathogen transmission in a wild rodent reservoir. We investigated the dynamics of TULV prevalence and the subsequent potential effects on the molecular evolution of TULV in common voles of the Central evolutionary lineage. Rodents were trapped for three years in four regions of Germany and samples were analyzed for the presence of TULV-reactive antibodies and TULV RNA with subsequent sequence determination. The results show that individual (sex) and population-level factors (abundance) of hosts were significant predictors of local TULV dynamics. At the large geographic scale, different phylogenetic TULV clades and an overall isolation-by-distance pattern in virus sequences were detected, while at the small scale (<4 km) this depended on the study area. In combination with an overall delayed density dependence, our results highlight that frequent, localized bottleneck events for the common vole and TULV do occur and can be offset by local recolonization dynamics.
KW  - rodents
KW  - hantavirus
KW  - monitoring
KW  - population dynamics
KW  - common vole
KW  - field vole
KW  - water vole
KW  - phylogeny
KW  - molecular evolution
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/v13061132
SN  - 1999-4915
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jaiser, Ralf
A1  - Akperov, Mirseid
A1  - Timazhev, A.
A1  - Romanowsky, Erik
A1  - Handorf, Dörthe
A1  - Mokhov, I. I.
T1  - Linkages between arctic and mid-latitude weather and climate
BT  - unraveling the impact of changing sea ice and sea surface temperatures during Winter
JF  - Meteorologische Zeitschrift
N2  - The study addresses the question, if observed changes in terms of Arctic-midlatitude linkages during winter are driven by Arctic Sea ice decline alone or if the increase of global sea surface temperatures plays an additional role. We compare atmosphere-only model experiments with ECHAM6 to ERA-Interim Reanalysis data. The model sensitivity experiment is implemented as a set of four combinations of sea ice and sea surface temperature boundary conditions. Atmospheric circulation regimes are determined and evaluated in terms of their cyclone and blocking characteristics and changes in frequency during winter. As a prerequisite, ECHAM6 reproduces general features of circulation regimes very well. Tropospheric changes induced by the change of boundary conditions are revealed and further impacts on the large-scale circulation up into the stratosphere are investigated. In early winter, the observed increase of atmospheric blocking in the region between Scandinavia and the Urals are primarily related to the changes in sea surface temperatures. During late winter, we f nd a weakened polar stratospheric vortex in the reanalysis that further impacts the troposphere. In the model sensitivity study a climatologically weakened polar vortex occurs only if sea ice is reduced and sea surface temperatures are increased together. This response is delayed compared to the reanalysis. The tropospheric response during late winter is inconclusive in the model, which is potentially related to the weak and delayed response in the stratosphere. The model experiments do not reproduce the connection between early and late winter as interpreted from the reanalysis. Potentially explaining this mismatch, we identify a discrepancy of ECHAM6 to reproduce the weakening of the stratospheric polar vortex through blocking induced upward propagation of planetary waves.
KW  - Weather regimes
KW  - Blocking
KW  - Cyclones
KW  - Wave Propagation
KW  - Stratosphere
Y1  - 2023
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2023/1154
SN  - 0941-2948
SN  - 1610-1227
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
SP  - 173
EP  - 194
PB  - Schweizerbart
CY  - Stuttgart
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mayer, Dennis
A1  - Lever, Fabiano
A1  - Picconi, David
A1  - Metje, Jan
A1  - Ališauskas, Skirmantas
A1  - Calegari, Francesca
A1  - Düsterer, Stefan
A1  - Ehlert, Christopher
A1  - Feifel, Raimund
A1  - Niebuhr, Mario
A1  - Manschwetus, Bastian
A1  - Kuhlmann, Marion
A1  - Mazza, Tommaso
A1  - Robinson, Matthew Scott
A1  - Squibb, Richard James
A1  - Trabattoni, Andrea
A1  - Wallner, Måns
A1  - Saalfrank, Peter
A1  - Wolf, Thomas J. A.
A1  - Gühr, Markus
T1  - Following excited-state chemical shifts in molecular ultrafast x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - The conversion of photon energy into other energetic forms in molecules is accompanied by charge moving on ultrafast timescales. We directly observe the charge motion at a specific site in an electronically excited molecule using time-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TR-XPS). We extend the concept of static chemical shift from conventional XPS by the excited-state chemical shift (ESCS), which is connected to the charge in the framework of a potential model. This allows us to invert TR-XPS spectra to the dynamic charge at a specific atom. We demonstrate the power of TR-XPS by using sulphur 2p-core-electron-emission probing to study the UV-excited dynamics of 2-thiouracil. The method allows us to discover that a major part of the population relaxes to the molecular ground state within 220–250 fs. In addition, a 250-fs oscillation, visible in the kinetic energy of the TR-XPS, reveals a coherent exchange of population among electronic states.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27908-y
SN  - 2041-1723
VL  - 13
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heistermann, Maik
A1  - Bogena, Heye
A1  - Francke, Till
A1  - Güntner, Andreas
A1  - Jakobi, Jannis
A1  - Rasche, Daniel
A1  - Schrön, Martin
A1  - Döpper, Veronika
A1  - Fersch, Benjamin
A1  - Groh, Jannis
A1  - Patil, Amol
A1  - Pütz, Thomas
A1  - Reich, Marvin
A1  - Zacharias, Steffen
A1  - Zengerle, Carmen
A1  - Oswald, Sascha
T1  - Soil moisture observation in a forested headwater catchment: combining a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensor network with roving and hydrogravimetry at the TERENO site Wüstebach
JF  - Earth system science data : ESSD
N2  - Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) has become an effective method to measure soil moisture at a horizontal scale of hundreds of metres and a depth of decimetres. Recent studies proposed operating CRNS in a network with overlapping footprints in order to cover root-zone water dynamics at the small catchment scale and, at the same time, to represent spatial heterogeneity. In a joint field campaign from September to November 2020 (JFC-2020), five German research institutions deployed 15 CRNS sensors in the 0.4 km2 Wüstebach catchment (Eifel mountains, Germany). The catchment is dominantly forested (but includes a substantial fraction of open vegetation) and features a topographically distinct catchment boundary. In addition to the dense CRNS coverage, the campaign featured a unique combination of additional instruments and techniques: hydro-gravimetry (to detect water storage dynamics also below the root zone); ground-based and, for the first time, airborne CRNS roving; an extensive wireless soil sensor network, supplemented by manual measurements; and six weighable lysimeters. Together with comprehensive data from the long-term local research infrastructure, the published data set (available at https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.756ca0485800474e9dc7f5949c63b872; Heistermann et al., 2022) will be a valuable asset in various research contexts: to advance the retrieval of landscape water storage from CRNS, wireless soil sensor networks, or hydrogravimetry; to identify scale-specific combinations of sensors and methods to represent soil moisture variability; to improve the understanding and simulation of land–atmosphere exchange as well as hydrological and hydrogeological processes at the hillslope and the catchment scale; and to support the retrieval of soil water content from airborne and spaceborne remote sensing platforms.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2501-2022
SN  - 1866-3516
SN  - 1866-3508
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
SP  - 2501
EP  - 2519
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Katlenburg-Lindau
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Reil, Daniela
A1  - Rosenfeld, Ulrike
A1  - Imholt, Christian
A1  - Schmidt, Sabrina
A1  - Ulrich, Rainer G.
A1  - Eccard, Jana
A1  - Jacob, Jens
T1  - Puumala hantavirus infections in bank vole populations
BT  - host and virus dynamics in Central Europe
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Background

In Europe, bank voles (Myodes glareolus) are widely distributed and can transmit Puumala virus (PUUV) to humans, which causes a mild to moderate form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, called nephropathia epidemica. Uncovering the link between host and virus dynamics can help to prevent human PUUV infections in the future. Bank voles were live trapped three times a year in 2010–2013 in three woodland plots in each of four regions in Germany. Bank vole population density was estimated and blood samples collected to detect PUUV specific antibodies.

Results

We demonstrated that fluctuation of PUUV seroprevalence is dependent not only on multi-annual but also on seasonal dynamics of rodent host abundance. Moreover, PUUV infection might affect host fitness, because seropositive individuals survived better from spring to summer than uninfected bank voles. Individual space use was independent of PUUV infections.

Conclusions

Our study provides robust estimations of relevant patterns and processes of the dynamics of PUUV and its rodent host in Central Europe, which are highly important for the future development of predictive models for human hantavirus infection risk.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 957 
KW  - Myodes glareolus
KW  - population dynamics
KW  - Puumala virus seroprevalence
KW  - space use
KW  - survival
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431232
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 957
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Uličná, Lenka
ED  - Denz, Rebekka
ED  - Rudolf, Gabi
T1  - Amulets Found in Bohemian Genizot
BT  - a first approach
KW  - Genisa
KW  - Jüdische Studien
KW  - Geniza
KW  - Jewish Studies
KW  - Franken
KW  - Franconia
KW  - Landesgeschichte
KW  - Ländliches Judentum
KW  - Rural Jewry
KW  - regional history
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-470952
SN  - 978-3-86956-470-8
SP  - 69
EP  - 80
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ilicic, Doris
A1  - Woodhouse, Jason Nicholas
A1  - Karsten, Ulf
A1  - Zimmermann, Jonas
A1  - Wichard, Thomas
A1  - Quartino, Maria Liliana
A1  - Campana, Gabriela Laura
A1  - Livenets, Alexandra
A1  - Van den Wyngaert, Silke
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
T1  - Antarctic Glacial Meltwater Impacts the Diversity of Fungal Parasites Associated With Benthic Diatoms in Shallow Coastal Zones
JF  - Frontiers in microbiology
N2  - Aquatic ecosystems are frequently overlooked as fungal habitats, although there is increasing evidence that their diversity and ecological importance are greater than previously considered. Aquatic fungi are critical and abundant components of nutrient cycling and food web dynamics, e.g., exerting top-down control on phytoplankton communities and forming symbioses with many marine microorganisms. However, their relevance for microphytobenthic communities is almost unexplored. In the light of global warming, polar regions face extreme changes in abiotic factors with a severe impact on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Therefore, this study aimed to describe, for the first time, fungal diversity in Antarctic benthic habitats along the salinity gradient and to determine the co-occurrence of fungal parasites with their algal hosts, which were dominated by benthic diatoms. Our results reveal that Ascomycota and Chytridiomycota are the most abundant fungal taxa in these habitats. We show that also in Antarctic waters, salinity has a major impact on shaping not just fungal but rather the whole eukaryotic community composition, with a diversity of aquatic fungi increasing as salinity decreases. Moreover, we determined correlations between putative fungal parasites and potential benthic diatom hosts, highlighting the need for further systematic analysis of fungal diversity along with studies on taxonomy and ecological roles of Chytridiomycota.
KW  - Antarctica
KW  - aquatic fungi
KW  - Chytridiomycota
KW  - phytoplankton host
KW  - salinity gradient
KW  - Illumina amplicon sequencing
KW  - Carlini Station
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.805694
SN  - 1664-302X
IS  - 13
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Garcia, Sarahi L.
A1  - Buck, Moritz
A1  - Hamilton, Joshua J.
A1  - Wurzbacher, Christian
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
A1  - McMahon, Katherine D.
A1  - Eiler, Alexander
T1  - Model communities hint at promiscuous metabolic linkages between ubiquitous free-living freshwater bacteria
JF  - mSphere
N2  - Genome streamlining is frequently observed in free-living aquatic microorganisms and results in physiological dependencies between microorganisms. However, we know little about the specificity of these microbial associations. In order to examine the specificity and extent of these associations, we established mixed cultures from three different freshwater environments and analyzed the cooccurrence of organisms using a metagenomic time series. Free-living microorganisms with streamlined genomes lacking multiple biosynthetic pathways showed no clear recurring pattern in their interaction partners. Free-living freshwater bacteria form promiscuous cooperative associations. This notion contrasts with the well-documented high specificities of interaction partners in host-associated bacteria. Considering all data together, we suggest that highly abundant free-living bacterial lineages are functionally versatile in their interactions despite their distinct streamlining tendencies at the single-cell level. This metabolic versatility facilitates interactions with a variable set of community members.
KW  - community
KW  - interactions
KW  - metagenomics
KW  - microbial ecology
KW  - mixed cultures
KW  - promiscuous
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00202-18
SN  - 2379-5042
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
PB  - American Society for Microbiology
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Günthel, Marco
A1  - Donis, Daphne
A1  - Kirillin, Georgiy
A1  - Ionescu, Danny
A1  - Bizic, Mina
A1  - McGinnis, Daniel F.
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
A1  - Tang, Kam W.
T1  - Contribution of oxic methane production to surface methane emission in lakes and its global importance
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - Recent discovery of oxic methane production in sea and lake waters, as well as wetlands, demands re-thinking of the global methane cycle and re-assessment of the contribution of oxic waters to atmospheric methane emission. Here we analysed system-wide sources and sinks of surface-water methane in a temperate lake. Using a mass balance analysis, we show that internal methane production in well-oxygenated surface water is an important source for surface-water methane during the stratified period. Combining our results and literature reports, oxic methane contribution to emission follows a predictive function of littoral sediment area and surface mixed layer volume. The contribution of oxic methane source(s) is predicted to increase with lake size, accounting for the majority (>50%) of surface methane emission for lakes with surface areas >1 km(2).
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13320-0
SN  - 2041-1723
VL  - 10
PB  - Nature Publishing Group UK
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Srivastava, Abhishek
A1  - Murugaiyan, Jayaseelan
A1  - Garcia, Juan A. L.
A1  - De Corte, Daniele
A1  - Hoetzinger, Matthias
A1  - Eravci, Murat
A1  - Weise, Christoph
A1  - Kumar, Yadhu
A1  - Roesler, Uwe
A1  - Hahn, Martin W.
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
T1  - Combined Methylome, Transcriptome and Proteome Analyses Document Rapid Acclimatization of a Bacterium to Environmental Changes
JF  - Frontiers in Microbiology
N2  - Polynucleobacter asymbioticus strain QLW-P1DMWA-1T represents a group of highly successful heterotrophic ultramicrobacteria that is frequently very abundant (up to 70% of total bacterioplankton) in freshwater habitats across all seven continents. This strain was originally isolated from a shallow Alpine pond characterized by rapid changes in water temperature and elevated UV radiation due to its location at an altitude of 1300 m. To elucidate the strain’s adjustment to fluctuating environmental conditions, we recorded changes occurring in its transcriptomic and proteomic profiles under contrasting experimental conditions by simulating thermal conditions in winter and summer as well as high UV irradiation. To analyze the potential connection between gene expression and regulation via methyl group modification of the genome, we also analyzed its methylome. The methylation pattern differed between the three treatments, pointing to its potential role in differential gene expression. An adaptive process due to evolutionary pressure in the genus was deduced by calculating the ratios of non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates for 20 Polynucleobacter spp. genomes obtained from geographically diverse isolates. The results indicate purifying selection.
KW  - DNA modification
KW  - gene expression
KW  - freshwater heterotrophic bacteria
KW  - UV radiation
KW  - purifying selection
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.544785
SN  - 1664-302X
VL  - 11
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gubelit, Yulia I.
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
T1  - New Methods, New Concepts
BT  - What Can Be Applied to Freshwater Periphyton?
JF  - Frontiers in Microbiology
N2  - Microbial interactions play an essential role in aquatic ecosystems and are of the great interest for both marine and freshwater ecologists. Recent development of new technologies and methods allowed to reveal many functional mechanisms and create new concepts. Yet, many fundamental aspects of microbial interactions have been almost exclusively studied for marine pelagic and benthic ecosystems. These studies resulted in a formulation of the Black Queen Hypothesis, a development of the phycosphere concept for pelagic communities, and a realization of microbial communication as a key mechanism for microbial interactions. In freshwater ecosystems, especially for periphyton communities, studies focus mainly on physiology, biodiversity, biological indication, and assessment, but the many aspects of microbial interactions are neglected to a large extent. Since periphyton plays a great role for aquatic nutrient cycling, provides the basis for water purification, and can be regarded as a hotspot of microbial biodiversity, we highlight that more in-depth studies on microbial interactions in periphyton are needed to improve our understanding on functioning of freshwater ecosystems. In this paper we first present an overview on recent concepts (e.g., the “Black Queen Hypothesis”) derived from state-of-the-art OMICS methods including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metabolomics. We then point to the avenues how these methods can be applied for future studies on biodiversity and the ecological role of freshwater periphyton, a yet largely neglected component of many freshwater ecosystems.
KW  - freshwater
KW  - lake periphyton
KW  - microbial interactions
KW  - Black Queen Hypothesis
KW  - OMICs tools
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01275
SN  - 1664-302X
VL  - 11
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Klaus, Benita
A1  - Müller, Patrick
A1  - van Wickeren, Nora
A1  - Dordevic, Milos
A1  - Schmicker, Marlen
A1  - Zdunczyk, Yael
A1  - Brigadski, Tanja
A1  - Lessmann, Volkmar
A1  - Vielhaber, Stefan
A1  - Schreiber, Stefanie
A1  - Müller, Notger Germar
T1  - Structural and functional brain alterations in patients with myasthenia gravis
JF  - Brain communications
N2  - Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease affecting neuromuscular transmission and causing skeletal muscle weakness. Additionally, systemic inflammation, cognitive deficits and autonomic dysfunction have been described. 

However, little is known about myasthenia gravis-related reorganization of the brain. In this study, we thus investigated the structural and functional brain changes in myasthenia gravis patients. 
Eleven myasthenia gravis patients (age: 70.64 +/- 9.27; 11 males) were compared to age-, sex- and education-matched healthy controls (age: 70.18 +/- 8.98; 11 males). Most of the patients (n = 10, 0.91%) received cholinesterase inhibitors. 

Structural brain changes were determined by applying voxel-based morphometry using high-resolution T-1-weighted sequences. Functional brain changes were assessed with a neuropsychological test battery (including attention, memory and executive functions), a spatial orientation task and brain-derived neurotrophic factor blood levels. 

Myasthenia gravis patients showed significant grey matter volume reductions in the cingulate gyrus, in the inferior parietal lobe and in the fusiform gyrus. Furthermore, myasthenia gravis patients showed significantly lower performance in executive functions, working memory (Spatial Span, P = 0.034, d = 1.466), verbal episodic memory (P = 0.003, d = 1.468) and somatosensory-related spatial orientation (Triangle Completion Test, P = 0.003, d = 1.200). 

Additionally, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were significantly higher in myasthenia gravis patients (P = 0.001, d = 2.040). Our results indicate that myasthenia gravis is associated with structural and functional brain alterations. Especially the grey matter volume changes in the cingulate gyrus and the inferior parietal lobe could be associated with cognitive deficits in memory and executive functions. 

Furthermore, deficits in somatosensory-related spatial orientation could be associated with the lower volumes in the inferior parietal lobe. Future research is needed to replicate these findings independently in a larger sample and to investigate the underlying mechanisms in more detail. 

Klaus et al. compared myasthenia gravis patients to matched healthy control subjects and identified functional alterations in memory functions as well as structural alterations in the cingulate gyrus, in the inferior parietal lobe and in the fusiform gyrus.
KW  - myasthenia gravis
KW  - neuroplasticity
KW  - VBM
KW  - neuropsychological testing
KW  - BDNF
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcac018
SN  - 2632-1297
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhang, Zhihao
A1  - Wang, Ting
A1  - Kuang, Jin
A1  - Herold, Fabian
A1  - Ludyga, Sebastian
A1  - Li, Jingming
A1  - Hall, Daniel L.
A1  - Taylor, Alyx
A1  - Healy, Sean
A1  - Yeung, Albert S.
A1  - Kramer, Arthur F.
A1  - Zou, Liye
T1  - The roles of exercise tolerance and resilience in the effect of physical activity on emotional states among college students
JF  - International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology
N2  - Background/objective: Negative emotional states, such as depression, anxiety, and stress challenge health care due to their long-term consequences for mental disorders. Accumulating evidence indicates that regular physical activity (PA) can positively influence negative emotional states. Among possible candidates, resilience and exercise tolerance in particular have the potential to partly explain the positive effects of PA on negative emotional states. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between PA and negative emotional states, and further determine the mediating effects of exercise tolerance and resilience in such a relationship. Method: In total, 1117 Chinese college students (50.4% female, Mage=18.90, SD=1.25) completed a psychosocial battery, including the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Preference for and Tolerance of the Intensity of Exercise Questionnaire (PRETIE-Q), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF). Regression analysis was used to identify the serial multiple mediation, controlling for gender, age and BMI. Results: PA, exercise intensity-tolerance, and resilience were significantly negatively correlated with negative emotional states (Ps<.05). Further, exercise tolerance and resilience partially mediated the relationship between PA and negative emotional states. Conclusions: Resilience and exercise intensity-tolerance can be achieved through regularly engaging in PA, and these newly observed variables play critical roles in prevention of mental illnesses, especially college students who face various challenges. Recommended amount of PA should be incorporated into curriculum or sport clubs within a campus environment.
KW  - Exercise tolerance
KW  - Resilience
KW  - Physical activity
KW  - Emotion
KW  - Depression
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100312
SN  - 1697-2600
SN  - 1576-7329
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Herold, Fabian
A1  - Behrendt, Tom
A1  - Meißner, Caroline
A1  - Müller, Notger Germar
A1  - Schega, Lutz
T1  - The Influence of acute sprint interval training on cognitive performance of healthy younger adults
JF  - International journal of environmental research and public health : IJERPH / Molecular Diversity Preservation International
N2  - There is considerable evidence showing that an acute bout of physical exercises can improve cognitive performance, but the optimal exercise characteristics (e.g., exercise type and exercise intensity) remain elusive. In this regard, there is a gap in the literature to which extent sprint interval training (SIT) can enhance cognitive performance. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of a time-efficient SIT, termed as "shortened-sprint reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training" (SSREHIT), on cognitive performance. Nineteen healthy adults aged 20-28 years were enrolled and assessed for attentional performance (via the d2 test), working memory performance (via Digit Span Forward/Backward), and peripheral blood lactate concentration immediately before and 10 min after an SSREHIT and a cognitive engagement control condition (i.e., reading). We observed that SSREHIT can enhance specific aspects of attentional performance, as it improved the percent error rate (F%) in the d-2 test (t (18) = -2.249, p = 0.037, d = -0.516), which constitutes a qualitative measure of precision and thoroughness. However, SSREHIT did not change other measures of attentional or working memory performance. In addition, we observed that the exercise-induced increase in the peripheral blood lactate levels correlated with changes in attentional performance, i.e., the total number of responses (GZ) (r(m) = 0.70, p < 0.001), objective measures of concentration (SKL) (r(m) = 0.73, p < 0.001), and F% (r(m) = -0.54, p = 0.015). The present study provides initial evidence that a single bout of SSREHIT can improve specific aspects of attentional performance and conforming evidence for a positive link between cognitive improvements and changes in peripheral blood lactate levels.
KW  - sprint interval training
KW  - acute exercise
KW  - cognition
KW  - lactate
KW  - exercise-cognition
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010613
SN  - 1660-4601
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tjaden, Jasper
A1  - Seuthe, Miriam
A1  - Weinert, Sebastian
T1  - Recruiting refugees to reduce labour shortages in health care professions
BT  - experimental evidence on the potential of foreign-language outreach on social media
JF  - Human resources for health
N2  - Background
Many high-income countries are grappling with severe labour shortages in the healthcare sector. Refugees and recent migrants present a potential pool for staff recruitment due to their higher unemployment rates, younger age, and lower average educational attainment compared to the host society's labour force. Despite this, refugees and recent migrants, often possessing limited language skills in the destination country, are frequently excluded from traditional recruitment campaigns conducted solely in the host country’s language. Even those with intermediate language skills may feel excluded, as destination-country language advertisements are perceived as targeting only native speakers. This study experimentally assesses the effectiveness of a recruitment campaign for nursing positions in a German care facility, specifically targeting Arabic and Ukrainian speakers through Facebook advertisements.

Methods
We employ an experimental design (AB test) approximating a randomized controlled trial, utilizing Facebook as the delivery platform. We compare job advertisements for nursing positions in the native languages of Arabic and Ukrainian speakers (treatment) with the same advertisements displayed in German (control) for the same target group in the context of a real recruitment campaign for nursing jobs in Berlin, Germany. Our evaluation includes comparing link click rates, visits to the recruitment website, initiated applications, and completed applications, along with the unit cost of these indicators. We assess statistical significance in group differences using the Chi-squared test.

Results
We find that recruitment efforts in the origin language were 5.6 times (Arabic speakers) and 1.9 times (Ukrainian speakers) more effective in initiating nursing job applications compared to the standard model of German-only advertisements among recent migrants and refugees. Overall, targeting refugees and recent migrants was 2.4 (Ukrainians) and 10.8 (Arabic) times cheaper than targeting the reference group of German speakers indicating higher interest among these groups.

Conclusions
The results underscore the substantial benefits for employers in utilizing targeted recruitment via social media aimed at foreign-language communities within the country. This strategy, which is low-cost and low effort compared to recruiting abroad or investing in digitalization, has the potential for broad applicability in numerous high-income countries with sizable migrant communities. Increased employment rates among underemployed refugee and migrant communities, in turn, contribute to reducing poverty, social exclusion, public expenditure, and foster greater acceptance of newcomers within the receiving society.
KW  - social media
KW  - Facebook
KW  - nursing
KW  - refugee
KW  - migrant
KW  - recruitment
Y1  - 2024
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-024-00933-w
SN  - 1478-4491
VL  - 22
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - Biomed Central
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tjaden, Jasper
A1  - Haarmann, Esther
A1  - Savaskan, Nicolai
T1  - Experimental evidence on improving COVID-19 vaccine outreach among migrant communities on social media
JF  - Scientific reports
N2  - Studies from several countries suggest that COVID-19 vaccination rates are lower among migrants compared to the general population. Urgent calls have been made to improve vaccine outreach to migrants, however, there is limited evidence on effective approaches, especially using social media. We assessed a targeted, low-cost, Facebook campaign disseminating COVID-19 vaccine information among Arabic, Turkish and Russian speakers in Germany (N = 888,994). As part of the campaign, we conducted two randomized, online experiments to assess the impact of the advertisement (1) language and (2) depicted messenger (government authority, religious leader, doctor or family). Key outcomes included reach, click-through rates, conversion rates and cost-effectiveness. Within 29 days, the campaign reached 890 thousand Facebook users. On average, 2.3 individuals accessed the advertised COVID-19 vaccination appointment tool for every euro spent on the campaign. Migrants were 2.4 (Arabic), 1.8 (Russian) and 1.2 (Turkish) times more likely to click on advertisements translated to their native language compared to German-language advertisements. Furthermore, findings showed that government representatives can be more successful in engaging migrants online compared to other messengers, despite common claims of lower trust in government institutions among migrants. This study highlights the potential of tailored, and translated, vaccination campaigns on social media for reaching migrants who may be left out by traditional media campaigns.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20340-2
SN  - 2045-2322
VL  - 12
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Winter, Bodo
A1  - Felisatti, Arianna
A1  - Myachykov, Andriy
A1  - Jeglinski-Mende, Melinda A.
A1  - Shaki, Samuel
T1  - More instructions make fewer subtractions
JF  - Frontiers in psychology / Frontiers Research Foundation
N2  - Research on problem solving offers insights into how humans process task-related information and which strategies they use (Newell and Simon, 1972; Öllinger et al., 2014). Problem solving can be defined as the search for possible changes in one's mind (Kahneman, 2003). In a recent study, Adams et al. (2021) assessed whether the predominant problem solving strategy when making changes involves adding or subtracting elements. In order to do this, they used several examples of simple problems, such as editing text or making visual patterns symmetrical, either in naturalistic settings or on-line. The essence of the authors' findings is a strong preference to add rather than subtract elements across a diverse range of problems, including the stabilizing of artifacts, creating symmetrical patterns, or editing texts. More specifically, they succeeded in demonstrating that “participants were less likely to identify advantageous subtractive changes when the task did not (vs. did) cue them to consider subtraction, when they had only one opportunity (vs. several) to recognize the shortcomings of an additive search strategy or when they were under a higher (vs. lower) cognitive load” (Adams et al., 2021, p. 258).

Addition and subtraction are generally defined as de-contextualized mathematical operations using abstract symbols (Russell, 1903/1938). Nevertheless, understanding of both symbols and operations is informed by everyday activities, such as making or breaking objects (Lakoff and Núñez, 2000; Fischer and Shaki, 2018). The universal attribution of “addition bias” or “subtraction neglect” to problem solving activities is perhaps a convenient shorthand but it overlooks influential framing effects beyond those already acknowledged in the report and the accompanying commentary (Meyvis and Yoon, 2021).

Most importantly, while Adams et al.'s study addresses an important issue, their very method of verbally instructing participants, together with lack of control over several known biases, might render their findings less than conclusive. Below, we discuss our concerns that emerged from the identified biases, namely those regarding the instructions and the experimental materials. Moreover, we refer to research from mathematical cognition that provides new insights into Adams et al.'s findings.
KW  - problem solving
KW  - addition
KW  - subtraction
KW  - cognitive bias
KW  - SNARC
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720616
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 12
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - König, Christian
A1  - Weigelt, Patrick
A1  - Taylor, Amanda
A1  - Stein, Anke
A1  - Dawson, Wayne
A1  - Essl, Franz
A1  - Pergl, Jan
A1  - Pyšek, Petr
A1  - Kleunen, Mark van
A1  - Winter, Marten
A1  - Chatelain, Cyrille
A1  - Wieringa, Jan J.
A1  - Krestov, Pavel
A1  - Kreft, Holger
T1  - Source pools and disharmony of the world’s island floras
JF  - Ecography
N2  - Island disharmony refers to the biased representation of higher taxa on islands compared to their mainland source regions and represents a central concept in island biology. Here, we develop a generalizable framework for approximating these source regions and conduct the first global assessment of island disharmony and its underlying drivers. We compiled vascular plant species lists for 178 oceanic islands and 735 mainland regions. Using mainland data only, we modelled species turnover as a function of environmental and geographic distance and predicted the proportion of shared species between each island and mainland region. We then quantified the over- or under-representation of families on individual islands (representational disharmony) by contrasting the observed number of species against a null model of random colonization from the mainland source pool, and analysed the effects of six family-level functional traits on the resulting measure. Furthermore, we aggregated the values of representational disharmony per island to characterize overall taxonomic bias of a given flora (compositional disharmony), and analysed this second measure as a function of four island biogeographical variables. Our results indicate considerable variation in representational disharmony both within and among plant families. Examples of generally over-represented families include Urticaceae, Convolvulaceae and almost all pteridophyte families. Other families such as Asteraceae and Orchidaceae were generally under-represented, with local peaks of over-representation in known radiation hotspots. Abiotic pollination and a lack of dispersal specialization were most strongly associated with an insular over-representation of families, whereas other family-level traits showed minor effects. With respect to compositional disharmony, large, high-elevation islands tended to have the most disharmonic floras. Our results provide important insights into the taxon- and island-specific drivers of disharmony. The proposed framework allows overcoming the limitations of previous approaches and provides a quantitative basis for incorporating functional and phylogenetic approaches into future studies of island disharmony.
KW  - assembly processes
KW  - biotic filtering
KW  - dispersal filtering
KW  - environmental filtering
KW  - generalized dissimilarity modelling
KW  - island disharmony
KW  - island syndromes
KW  - source regions
KW  - vascular plants
Y1  - 2020
VL  - 44
IS  - 1
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Müller, Marik
A1  - Nedielkov, Ruslan
A1  - Arndt, Katja M.
T1  - Strategies for Enzymatic Inactivation of the Veterinary  Antibiotic Florfenicol
JF  - Antibiotics
N2  - Large quantities of the antibiotic florfenicol are used in animal farming and aquaculture, contaminating the ecosystem with antibiotic residues and promoting antimicrobial resistance, ultimately leading to untreatable multidrug-resistant pathogens. Florfenicol-resistant bacteria often activate export mechanisms that result in resistance to various structurally unrelated antibiotics. We devised novel strategies for the enzymatic inactivation of florfenicol in different media, such as saltwater or milk. Using a combinatorial approach and selection, we optimized a hydrolase (EstDL136) for florfenicol cleavage. Reaction kinetics were followed by time-resolved NMR spectroscopy. Importantly, the hydrolase remained active in different media, such as saltwater or cow milk. Various environmentally-friendly application strategies for florfenicol inactivation were developed using the optimized hydrolase. As a potential filter device for cost-effective treatment of waste milk or aquacultural wastewater, the hydrolase was immobilized on Ni-NTA agarose or silica as carrier materials. In two further application examples, the hydrolase was used as cell extract or encapsulated with a semi-permeable membrane. This facilitated, for example, florfenicol inactivation in whole milk, which can help to treat waste milk from medicated cows, to be fed to calves without the risk of inducing antibiotic resistance. Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotics, in general, enables therapeutic intervention without promoting antibiotic resistance.
KW  - aquaculture
KW  - antibiotic inactivation
KW  - enzyme optimization
KW  - enzymatic inactivation
KW  - florfenicol
KW  - immobilization
KW  - industrial farming
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11040443
SN  - 2079-6382
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
SP  - 1
EP  - 18
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel, Schweiz
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Taleb, Aiham
A1  - Rohrer, Csaba
A1  - Bergner, Benjamin
A1  - De Leon, Guilherme
A1  - Rodrigues, Jonas Almeida
A1  - Schwendicke, Falk
A1  - Lippert, Christoph
A1  - Krois, Joachim
T1  - Self-supervised learning methods for label-efficient dental caries classification
JF  - Diagnostics : open access journal
N2  - High annotation costs are a substantial bottleneck in applying deep learning architectures to clinically relevant use cases, substantiating the need for algorithms to learn from unlabeled data. 

In this work, we propose employing self-supervised methods. To that end, we trained with three self-supervised algorithms on a large corpus of unlabeled dental images, which contained 38K bitewing radiographs (BWRs). We then applied the learned neural network representations on tooth-level dental caries classification, for which we utilized labels extracted from electronic health records (EHRs). Finally, a holdout test-set was established, which consisted of 343 BWRs and was annotated by three dental professionals and approved by a senior dentist. 

This test-set was used to evaluate the fine-tuned caries classification models. Our experimental results demonstrate the obtained gains by pretraining models using self-supervised algorithms. These include improved caries classification performance (6 p.p. increase in sensitivity) and, most importantly, improved label-efficiency. 
In other words, the resulting models can be fine-tuned using few labels (annotations). 

Our results show that using as few as 18 annotations can produce >= 45% sensitivity, which is comparable to human-level diagnostic performance. 
This study shows that self-supervision can provide gains in medical image analysis, particularly when obtaining labels is costly and expensive.
KW  - unsupervised methods
KW  - self-supervised learning
KW  - representation learning
KW  - dental caries classification
KW  - data driven approaches
KW  - annotation
KW  - efficient deep learning
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12051237
SN  - 2075-4418
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heinze, Peter Eric
A1  - Weck, Florian
A1  - Kühne, Franziska
T1  - Assessing Patient Preferences
BT  - Examination of the German Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences
JF  - Frontiers in Psychology
N2  - Despite the positive effects of including patients’ preferences into therapy on psychotherapy outcomes, there are still few thoroughly validated assessment tools at hand. We translated the 18-item Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences (C-NIP) into German and aimed at replicating its factor structure. Further, we investigated the reliability of the questionnaire and its convergence with trait measures. A heterogeneous sample of N = 969 participants took part in our online survey. Performing ESEM models, we found acceptable model fit for a four-factor structure similar to the original factor structure. Furthermore, we propose an alternative model following the adjustment of single items. The German C-NIP showed acceptable to good reliability, as well as small correlations with Big-Five personality traits, trait and attachment anxiety, locus of control, and temporal focus. However, we recommend further replication of the factor structure and further validation of the C-NIP.
KW  - psychotherapy
KW  - preference
KW  - activity preference
KW  - preference assessment
KW  - validation study
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.795776
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 12
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moreno Curtidor, Catalina
A1  - Annunziata, Maria Grazia
A1  - Gupta, Saurabh
A1  - Apelt, Federico
A1  - Richard, Sarah Isabel
A1  - Kragler, Friedrich
A1  - Müller-Röber, Bernd
A1  - Olas, Justyna Jadwiga
T1  - Physiological profiling of embryos and dormant seeds in two Arabidopsis accessions reveals a metabolic switch in carbon reserve accumulation
JF  - Frontiers in plant science
N2  - In flowering plants, sugars act as carbon sources providing energy for developing embryos and seeds. Although most studies focus on carbon metabolism in whole seeds, knowledge about how particular sugars contribute to the developmental transitions during embryogenesis is scarce. To develop a quantitative understanding of how carbon composition changes during embryo development, and to determine how sugar status contributes to final seed or embryo size, we performed metabolic profiling of hand-dissected embryos at late torpedo and mature stages, and dormant seeds, in two Arabidopsis thaliana accessions with medium [Columbia-0 (Col-0)] and large [Burren-0 (Bur-0)] seed sizes, respectively. Our results show that, in both accessions, metabolite profiles of embryos largely differ from those of dormant seeds. We found that developmental transitions from torpedo to mature embryos, and further to dormant seeds, are associated with major metabolic switches in carbon reserve accumulation. While glucose, sucrose, and starch predominantly accumulated during seed dormancy, fructose levels were strongly elevated in mature embryos. Interestingly, Bur-0 seeds contain larger mature embryos than Col-0 seeds. Fructose and starch were accumulated to significantly higher levels in mature Bur-0 than Col-0 embryos, suggesting that they contribute to the enlarged mature Bur-0 embryos. Furthermore, we found that Bur-0 embryos accumulated a higher level of sucrose compared to hexose sugars and that changes in sucrose metabolism are mediated by sucrose synthase (SUS), with SUS genes acting non-redundantly, and in a tissue-specific manner to utilize sucrose during late embryogenesis.
KW  - carbon
KW  - embryo development
KW  - hexoses
KW  - metabolites
KW  - sucrose
KW  - synthase
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.588433
SN  - 1664-462X
VL  - 11
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gisch, Ulrike Alexandra
A1  - Robert, Margaux
A1  - Berlin, Noemi
A1  - Nebout, Antoine
A1  - Etile, Fabrice
A1  - Teyssier, Sabrina
A1  - Andreeva, Valentina A.
A1  - Hercberg, Serge
A1  - Touvier, Mathilde
A1  - Peneau, Sandrine
T1  - Mastery is associated with weight status, food intake, snacking, and eating disorder symptoms in the NutriNet-Sante cohort study
JF  - Frontiers in Nutrition
N2  - Mastery is a psychological resource that is defined as the extent to which individuals perceive having control over important circumstances of their lives. Although mastery has been associated with various physical and psychological health outcomes, studies assessing its relationship with weight status and dietary behavior are lacking. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between mastery and weight status, food intake, snacking, and eating disorder (ED) symptoms in the NutriNet-Sante cohort study. Mastery was measured with the Pearlin Mastery Scale (PMS) in 32,588 adults (77.45% female), the mean age was 50.04 (14.53) years. Height and weight were self-reported. Overall diet quality and food group consumption were evaluated with >= 3 self-reported 24-h dietary records (range: 3-27). Snacking was assessed with an ad-hoc question. ED symptoms were assessed with the Sick-Control-One-Fat-Food Questionnaire (SCOFF). Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between mastery and weight status, food intake, snacking, and ED symptoms, controlling for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Females with a higher level of mastery were less likely to be underweight (OR: 0.88; 95%CI: 0.84, 0.93), overweight [OR: 0.94 (0.91, 0.97)], or obese [class I: OR: 0.86 (0.82, 0.90); class II: OR: 0.76 (0.71, 0.82); class III: OR: 0.77 (0.69, 0.86)]. Males with a higher level of mastery were less likely to be obese [class III: OR: 0.75 (0.57, 0.99)]. Mastery was associated with better diet quality overall, a higher consumption of fruit and vegetables, seafood, wholegrain foods, legumes, non-salted oleaginous fruits, and alcoholic beverages and with a lower consumption of meat and poultry, dairy products, sugary and fatty products, milk-based desserts, and sweetened beverages. Mastery was also associated with lower snacking frequency [OR: 0.89 (0.86, 0.91)] and less ED symptoms [OR: 0.73 (0.71, 0.75)]. As mastery was associated with favorable dietary behavior and weight status, targeting mastery might be a promising approach in promoting healthy behaviors.
KW  - mastery
KW  - locus of control
KW  - weight status
KW  - diet quality
KW  - food group consumption
KW  - snacking
KW  - eating disorder symptoms
KW  - large population
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.871669
SN  - 2296-861X
VL  - 9
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Marx, Julian
A1  - Brünker, Felix
A1  - Mirbabaie, Milad
A1  - Stieglitz, Stefan
ED  - Bui, Tung X.
T1  - Digital activism on social media
BT  - the role of brand ambassadors and corporate reputation management
T2  - Proceedings of the 57th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
N2  - Social media constitute an important arena for public debates and steady interchange of issues relevant to society. To boost their reputation, commercial organizations also engage in political, social, or environmental debates on social media. To engage in this type of digital activism, organizations increasingly utilize the social media profiles of executive employees and other brand ambassadors. However, the relationship between brand ambassadors’ digital activism and corporate reputation is only vaguely understood. The results of a qualitative inquiry suggest that digital activism via brand ambassadors can be risky (e.g., creating additional surface for firestorms, financial loss) and rewarding (e.g., emitting authenticity, employing ‘megaphones’ for industry change) at the same time. The paper informs both scholarship and practitioners about strategic trade-offs that need to be considered when employing brand ambassadors for digital activism.
KW  - the bright and dark side of social media in the marginalized contexts
KW  - brand ambassadors
KW  - digital activism
KW  - reputation management
KW  - social media
Y1  - 2024
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/10125/107250
SN  - 978-0-99813-317-1
SP  - 7205
EP  - 7214
PB  - Department of IT Management Shidler College of Business University of Hawaii
CY  - Honolulu, HI
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Mirbabaie, Milad
A1  - Rieskamp, Jonas
A1  - Hofeditz, Lennart
A1  - Stieglitz, Stefan
ED  - Bui, Tung X.
T1  - Breaking down barriers
BT  - how conversational agents facilitate open science and data sharing
T2  - Proceedings of the 57th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
N2  - Many researchers hesitate to provide full access to their datasets due to a lack of knowledge about research data management (RDM) tools and perceived fears, such as losing the value of one's own data. Existing tools and approaches often do not take into account these fears and missing knowledge. In this study, we examined how conversational agents (CAs) can provide a natural way of guidance through RDM processes and nudge researchers towards more data sharing. This work offers an online experiment in which researchers interacted with a CA on a self-developed RDM platform and a survey on participants’ data sharing behavior. Our findings indicate that the presence of a guiding and enlightening CA on an RDM platform has a constructive influence on both the intention to share data and the actual behavior of data sharing. Notably, individual factors do not appear to impede or hinder this effect.
KW  - open science practices in information systems research
KW  - conversational agents
KW  - data sharing
KW  - digital nudging
KW  - open science
KW  - research data management
Y1  - 2024
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/10125/106457
SN  - 978-0-99813-317-1
SP  - 672
EP  - 681
PB  - Department of IT Management Shidler College of Business University of Hawaii
CY  - Honolulu, HI
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reil, Daniela
A1  - Rosenfeld, Ulrike
A1  - Imholt, Christian
A1  - Schmidt, Sabrina
A1  - Ulrich, Rainer G.
A1  - Eccard, Jana
A1  - Jacob, Jens
T1  - Puumala hantavirus infections in bank vole populations
BT  - host and virus dynamics in Central Europe
JF  - BMC ecology
N2  - Background

In Europe, bank voles (Myodes glareolus) are widely distributed and can transmit Puumala virus (PUUV) to humans, which causes a mild to moderate form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, called nephropathia epidemica. Uncovering the link between host and virus dynamics can help to prevent human PUUV infections in the future. Bank voles were live trapped three times a year in 2010–2013 in three woodland plots in each of four regions in Germany. Bank vole population density was estimated and blood samples collected to detect PUUV specific antibodies.

Results

We demonstrated that fluctuation of PUUV seroprevalence is dependent not only on multi-annual but also on seasonal dynamics of rodent host abundance. Moreover, PUUV infection might affect host fitness, because seropositive individuals survived better from spring to summer than uninfected bank voles. Individual space use was independent of PUUV infections.

Conclusions

Our study provides robust estimations of relevant patterns and processes of the dynamics of PUUV and its rodent host in Central Europe, which are highly important for the future development of predictive models for human hantavirus infection risk
KW  - Myodes glareolus
KW  - Population dynamics
KW  - Puumala virus seroprevalence
KW  - Space use
KW  - Survival
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-017-0118-z
SN  - 1472-6785
VL  - 17
PB  - BioMed Central
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kutzinski, Vera M.
ED  - Ette, Ottmar
ED  - Knobloch, Eberhard
T1  - Off-road adventures
BT  - reading statistics in Alexander von Humboldt’s political essay on the kingdom of New Spain
JF  - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies
N2  - This article focuses on the visual qualities of Alexander von Humboldt’s statistical tables in his Political Essay on the Kingdom of New Spain (1808–1811, 2nd ed. 1825–1827) with special attention to how such composites of numbers, alphabetical script, and semiotic elements relate to narrative writing. I argue that Humboldt’s tables/tableaus open up spaces inside his narrative that fragment the reading process, inviting new conversations, connections, and ideas.
N2  - Este articulo entretiene con los atributos visuales de las abundantes tablas estadísticas incluyendo en el Essai politique sur le royaume de la Nouvelle Espagne (1808–1811, 2nd ed. 1825–1827) de Alexander de Humboldt, en especial con las relaciones entre las combinaciones de números, escritura y elementos semióticos (que Humboldt llama “tableaux”) y la propia narrativa. Obran estas relaciones una fragmentación del proceso de leer, abriendo dimensiones y espacios en que se podrían manifestar nuevas conexiones, conversaciones e ideas innovadoras.
N2  - Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit den bildhaften Eigenschaften der vielen statistischen Tabellen in Alexander von Humboldts Essai politique sur le royaume de la Nouvelle Espagne (1808–1811, 2nd ed. 1820–1827), wobei meine besondere Aufmerksamkeit den Verhältnissen gilt, die diese aus Zahlen, alphabetischer Schrift und semiotischen Elementen zusammengesetzten Komposita (die Humboldt als Tableaux bezeichnet) mit der beschreibenden Erzählung selbst eingehen: In diesen Verhältnissen offenbaren sich nämlich Dimensionen oder Räumlichkeiten, die durch die visuelle Zerteilung des Textes stets weitere, neue Verbindungen, Gespräche und Ideen zu produzieren suchen.
KW  - statistics
KW  - visuality and narrative
KW  - word-image relations
KW  - New Spain
Y1  - 2024
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-646601
SN  - 2568-3543
SN  - 1617-5239
VL  - XXV
IS  - 48
SP  - 65
EP  - 86
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kretzschmar, Mirjam E.
A1  - Ashby, Ben
A1  - Fearon, Elizabeth
A1  - Overton, Christopher E.
A1  - Panovska-Griffiths, Jasmina
A1  - Pellis, Lorenzo
A1  - Quaife, Matthew
A1  - Rozhnova, Ganna
A1  - Scarabel, Francesca
A1  - Stage, Helena B.
A1  - Swallow, Ben
A1  - Thompson, Robin N.
A1  - Tildesley, Michael J.
A1  - Villela, Daniel Campos
T1  - Challenges for modelling interventions for future pandemics
JF  - Epidemics
N2  - Mathematical modelling and statistical inference provide a framework to evaluate different non-pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical interventions for the control of epidemics that has been widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, lessons learned from this and previous epidemics are used to highlight the challenges for future pandemic control. We consider the availability and use of data, as well as the need for correct parameterisation and calibration for different model frameworks. We discuss challenges that arise in describing and distinguishing between different interventions, within different modelling structures, and allowing both within and between host dynamics. We also highlight challenges in modelling the health economic and political aspects of interventions. Given the diversity of these challenges, a broad variety of interdisciplinary expertise is needed to address them, combining mathematical knowledge with biological and social insights, and including health economics and communication skills. Addressing these challenges for the future requires strong cross disciplinary collaboration together with close communication between scientists and policy makers.
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Pandemics
KW  - Pharmaceutical interventions
KW  - Non-pharmaceutical interventions
KW  - Policy support
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2022.100546
SN  - 1755-4365
SN  - 1878-0067
VL  - 38
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Bilgen, Isa
T1  - Our dignity in your hands
T2  - Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional
Y1  - 2024
UR  - https://verfassungsblog.de/our-dignity-in-your-hands/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.17176/20240204-004255-0
SN  - 2366-7044
PB  - Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - van Rees, Charles B.
A1  - Waylen, Kerry A.
A1  - Schmidt-Kloiber, Astrid
A1  - Thackeray, Stephen J.
A1  - Kalinkat, Gregor
A1  - Martens, Koen
A1  - Domisch, Sami
A1  - Lillebo, Ana
A1  - Hermoso, Virgilio
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
A1  - Schinegger, Rafaela
A1  - Decleer, Kris
A1  - Adriaens, Tim
A1  - Denys, Luc
A1  - Jaric, Ivan
A1  - Janse, Jan H.
A1  - Monaghan, Michael T.
A1  - De Wever, Aaike
A1  - Geijzendorffer, Ilse
A1  - Adamescu, Mihai C.
A1  - Jähnig, Sonja C.
T1  - Safeguarding freshwater life beyond 2020
BT  - recommendations for the new global biodiversity framework from the European experience
JF  - Conservation letters
N2  - Plans are currently being drafted for the next decade of action on biodiversity-both the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and Biodiversity Strategy of the European Union (EU). Freshwater biodiversity is disproportionately threatened and underprioritized relative to the marine and terrestrial biota, despite supporting a richness of species and ecosystems with their own intrinsic value and providing multiple essential ecosystem services. Future policies and strategies must have a greater focus on the unique ecology of freshwater life and its multiple threats, and now is a critical time to reflect on how this may be achieved. We identify priority topics including environmental flows, water quality, invasive species, integrated water resources management, strategic conservation planning, and emerging technologies for freshwater ecosystem monitoring. We synthesize these topics with decades of first-hand experience and recent literature into 14 special recommendations for global freshwater biodiversity conservation based on the successes and setbacks of European policy, management, and research. Applying and following these recommendations will inform and enhance the ability of global and European post-2020 biodiversity agreements to halt and reverse the rapid global decline of freshwater biodiversity.
KW  - climate change
KW  - conservation
KW  - ecosystem services
KW  - rivers
KW  - sustainable
KW  - development goals
KW  - water resources
KW  - wetlands
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12771
SN  - 1755-263X
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Perkins, Anita
A1  - Rose, Andrew
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
A1  - Rojas-Jimenez, Keilor Osvaldo
A1  - Barroso Prescott, Selva Kiri
A1  - Oakes, Joanne M.
T1  - Oxic and Anoxic Organic Polymer Degradation Potential of Endophytic Fungi From the Marine Macroalga, Ecklonia radiata
JF  - Frontiers in Microbiology
N2  - Cellulose and chitin are the most abundant polymeric, organic carbon source globally. Thus, microbes degrading these polymers significantly influence global carbon cycling and greenhouse gas production. Fungi are recognized as important for cellulose decomposition in terrestrial environments, but are far less studied in marine environments, where bacterial organic matter degradation pathways tend to receive more attention. In this study, we investigated the potential of fungi to degrade kelp detritus, which is a major source of cellulose in marine systems. Given that kelp detritus can be transported considerable distances in the marine environment, we were specifically interested in the capability of endophytic fungi, which are transported with detritus, to ultimately contribute to kelp detritus degradation. We isolated 10 species and two strains of endophytic fungi from the kelp Ecklonia radiata. We then used a dye decolorization assay to assess their ability to degrade organic polymers (lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose) under both oxic and anoxic conditions and compared their degradation ability with common terrestrial fungi. Under oxic conditions, there was evidence that Ascomycota isolates produced cellulose-degrading extracellular enzymes (associated with manganese peroxidase and sulfur-containing lignin peroxidase), while Mucoromycota isolates appeared to produce both lignin and cellulose-degrading extracellular enzymes, and all Basidiomycota isolates produced lignin-degrading enzymes (associated with laccase and lignin peroxidase). Under anoxic conditions, only three kelp endophytes degraded cellulose. We concluded that kelp fungal endophytes can contribute to cellulose degradation in both oxic and anoxic environments. Thus, endophytic kelp fungi may play a significant role in marine carbon cycling via polymeric organic matter degradation.
KW  - kelp
KW  - fungi
KW  - endophytes
KW  - carbon cycling
KW  - extracellular enzymes
KW  - cellulose polymeric organic matter
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.726138
SN  - 1664-302X
VL  - 12
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
PB  - Frontiers in microbiology
CY  - Lausanne, Schweiz
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Philipowski, Katharina
ED  - Philipowski, Katharina
T1  - Experience and poetology in allegorical love autobiographies
BT  - an introduction into the volume
T2  - Medieval Forms of First-Person Narration: A Potentially Universal Format (Villa Vigoni Talks I)
T2  - Beiträge zur mediävistischen Erzählforschung
N2  - Im Hochmittelalter entstehen Erzählungen, die etablierte literarische Formen und Traditionen neu verbinden: Sie sind volkssprachig, allegorisch und verwenden als Erzählform die erste Person, um in dieser Kombination, die sich zu einem die Grenzen der Einzelsprachen überschreitenden Erzähl-Format verfestigt, unterschiedlichste Themen aufzugreifen. Dieses Format, erstmals realisiert im altfranzösischen Roman de la Rose, wird die europäische Literatur mit Texten wie Dantes Divina Comedia, Guillaumes de Deguileville Pèlerinage de la Vie Humaine, William Langlands Pierce Plowman und Christines de Pizan Le Livre de la mutation de Fortune bis weit in die Neuzeit hinein prägen. Der in den Band einleitende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob das narrative Format dabei universell verwendet wird oder, z.B. im Rahmen der Liebesdichtung, spezifische Besonderheiten aufweist.
KW  - Mediävistik
KW  - Erzählforschung
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.25619/BmE2020375
SN  - 2568-9967
VL  - 8
IS  - Special Issue
SP  - 1
EP  - 27
PB  - University of Oldenburg Press
CY  - Oldenburg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - McHuron, Elizabeth A.
A1  - Adamczak, Stephanie
A1  - Arnould, John P. Y.
A1  - Ashe, Erin
A1  - Booth, Cormac
A1  - Bowen, W. Don
A1  - Christiansen, Fredrik
A1  - Chudzinska, Magda
A1  - Costa, Daniel P.
A1  - Fahlman, Andreas
A1  - Farmer, Nicholas A.
A1  - Fortune, Sarah M. E.
A1  - Gallagher, Cara A.
A1  - Keen, Kelly A.
A1  - Madsen, Peter T.
A1  - McMahon, Clive R.
A1  - Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob
A1  - Noren, Dawn P.
A1  - Noren, Shawn R.
A1  - Pirotta, Enrico
A1  - Rosen, David A. S.
A1  - Speakman, Cassie N.
A1  - Villegas-Amtmann, Stella
A1  - Williams, Rob
T1  - Key questions in marine mammal bioenergetics
JF  - Conservation physiology
N2  - Bioenergetic approaches are increasingly used to understand how marine mammal populations could be affected by a changing and disturbed aquatic environment. There remain considerable gaps in our knowledge of marine mammal bioenergetics, which hinder the application of bioenergetic studies to inform policy decisions. We conducted a priority-setting exercise to identify high-priority unanswered questions in marine mammal bioenergetics, with an emphasis on questions relevant to conservation and management. Electronic communication and a virtual workshop were used to solicit and collate potential research questions from the marine mammal bioenergetic community. From a final list of 39 questions, 11 were identified as 'key'questions because they received votes from at least 50% of survey participants. Key questions included those related to energy intake (prey landscapes, exposure to human activities) and expenditure (field metabolic rate, exposure to human activities, lactation, time-activity budgets), energy allocation priorities, metrics of body condition and relationships with survival and reproductive success and extrapolation of data from one species to another. Existing tools to address key questions include labelled water, animal-borne sensors, mark-resight data from long-term research programs, environmental DNA and unmanned vehicles. Further validation of existing approaches and development of new methodologies are needed to comprehensively address some key questions, particularly for cetaceans. The identification of these key questions can provide a guiding framework to set research priorities, which ultimately may yield more accurate information to inform policies and better conserve marine mammal populations.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coac055
SN  - 2051-1434
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Panzer, Marcel
A1  - Bender, Benedict
A1  - Gronau, Norbert
T1  - Deep reinforcement learning in production planning and control
BT  - A systematic literature review
T2  - Proceedings of the Conference on Production Systems and Logistics
N2  - Increasingly fast development cycles and individualized products pose major challenges for today's smart production systems in times of industry 4.0. The systems must be flexible and continuously adapt to changing conditions while still guaranteeing high throughputs and robustness against external disruptions. Deep rein- forcement learning (RL) algorithms, which already reached impressive success with Google DeepMind's AlphaGo, are increasingly transferred to production systems to meet related requirements. Unlike supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques, deep RL algorithms learn based on recently collected sensor- and process-data in direct interaction with the environment and are able to perform decisions in real-time. As such, deep RL algorithms seem promising given their potential to provide decision support in complex environments, as production systems, and simultaneously adapt to changing circumstances. While different use-cases for deep RL emerged, a structured overview and integration of findings on their application are missing. To address this gap, this contribution provides a systematic literature review of existing deep RL applications in the field of production planning and control as well as production logistics. From a performance perspective, it became evident that deep RL can beat heuristics significantly in their overall performance and provides superior solutions to various industrial use-cases. Nevertheless, safety and reliability concerns must be overcome before the widespread use of deep RL is possible which presumes more intensive testing of deep RL in real world applications besides the already ongoing intensive simulations.
KW  - deep reinforcement learning
KW  - machine learning
KW  - production planning
KW  - production control
KW  - systematic literature review
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.15488/11238
SN  - 2701-6277
SP  - 535
EP  - 545
PB  - Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
CY  - Hannover
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dellepiane, Sergio
A1  - Vaid, Akhil
A1  - Jaladanki, Suraj K.
A1  - Coca, Steven
A1  - Fayad, Zahi A.
A1  - Charney, Alexander W.
A1  - Böttinger, Erwin
A1  - He, John Cijiang
A1  - Glicksberg, Benjamin S.
A1  - Chan, Lili
A1  - Nadkarni, Girish
T1  - Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in New York City
BT  - temporal trends From March 2020 to April 2021
JF  - Kidney medicine
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xkme.2021.06.008
SN  - 2590-0595
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
SP  - 877
EP  - 879
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kowalczyk, Katarzyna A.
A1  - Amann, Thorben
A1  - Strefler, Jessica
A1  - Vorrath, Maria-Elena
A1  - Hartmann, Jens
A1  - de Marco, Serena
A1  - Renforth, Phil
A1  - Foteinis, Spyros
A1  - Kriegler, Elmar
T1  - Marine carbon dioxide removal by alkalinization should no longer be overlooked
JF  - Environmental research letters
N2  - To achieve the Paris climate target, deep emissions reductions have to be complemented with carbon dioxide removal (CDR). However, a portfolio of CDR options is necessary to reduce risks and potential negative side effects. Despite a large theoretical potential, ocean-based CDR such as ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) has been omitted in climate change mitigation scenarios so far. In this study, we provide a techno-economic assessment of large-scale OAE using hydrated lime ('ocean liming'). We address key uncertainties that determine the overall cost of ocean liming (OL) such as the CO2 uptake efficiency per unit of material, distribution strategies avoiding carbonate precipitation which would compromise efficiency, and technology availability (e.g., solar calciners). We find that at economic costs of 130–295 $/tCO2 net-removed, ocean liming could be a competitive CDR option which could make a significant contribution towards the Paris climate target. As the techno-economic assessment identified no showstoppers, we argue for more research on ecosystem impacts, governance, monitoring, reporting, and verification, and technology development and assessment to determine whether ocean liming and other OAE should be considered as part of a broader CDR portfolio.
KW  - carbon dioxide removal (CDR)
KW  - ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE)
KW  - ocean liming (OL)
KW  - echno-economic assessment
KW  - uptake efficiency
Y1  - 2024
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad5192
SN  - 1748-9326
VL  - 19
IS  - 7
PB  - IOP Publishing
CY  - Bristol
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - EL Mahmoud, Khaled
T1  - Measuring with double legal standards
BT  - Germany’s intervention in support of Israel before the ICJ
T2  - Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional
Y1  - 2024
UR  - https://verfassungsblog.de/measuring-with-double-legal-standards-germanys-intervention-in-support-of-israel-before-the-icj/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.59704/1c5ec794a420161f
SN  - 2366-7044
PB  - Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Köhne, Lea
T1  - (State) immunity for Palestine?
T2  - Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional
Y1  - 2023
UR  - https://verfassungsblog.de/state-immunity-for-palestine/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.59704/c6b1bf054163ad38
SN  - 2366-7044
PB  - Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wardelmann, Kristina
A1  - Rath, Michaela
A1  - Castro, José Pedro
A1  - Blümel, Sabine
A1  - Schell, Mareike
A1  - Hauffe, Robert
A1  - Schumacher, Fabian
A1  - Flore, Tanina
A1  - Ritter, Katrin
A1  - Wernitz, Andreas
A1  - Hosoi, Toru
A1  - Ozawa, Koichiro
A1  - Kleuser, Burkhard
A1  - Weiß, Jürgen
A1  - Schürmann, Annette
A1  - Kleinridders, André
T1  - Central acting Hsp10 regulates mitochondrial function, fatty acid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in the hypothalamus
JF  - Antioxidants
N2  - Mitochondria are critical for hypothalamic function and regulators of metabolism. Hypothalamic mitochondrial dysfunction with decreased mitochondrial chaperone expression is present in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recently, we demonstrated that a dysregulated mitochondrial stress response (MSR) with reduced chaperone expression in the hypothalamus is an early event in obesity development due to insufficient insulin signaling. Although insulin activates this response and improves metabolism, the metabolic impact of one of its members, the mitochondrial chaperone heat shock protein 10 (Hsp10), is unknown. Thus, we hypothesized that a reduction of Hsp10 in hypothalamic neurons will impair mitochondrial function and impact brain insulin action. Therefore, we investigated the role of chaperone Hsp10 by introducing a lentiviral-mediated Hsp10 knockdown (KD) in the hypothalamic cell line CLU-183 and in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of C57BL/6N male mice. We analyzed mitochondrial function and insulin signaling utilizing qPCR, Western blot, XF96 Analyzer, immunohistochemistry, and microscopy techniques. We show that Hsp10 expression is reduced in T2D mice brains and regulated by leptin in vitro. Hsp10 KD in hypothalamic cells induced mitochondrial dysfunction with altered fatty acid metabolism and increased mitochondria-specific oxidative stress resulting in neuronal insulin resistance. Consequently, the reduction of Hsp10 in the ARC of C57BL/6N mice caused hypothalamic insulin resistance with acute liver insulin resistance.
KW  - brain insulin signaling
KW  - mitochondria
KW  - oxidative stress
KW  - fatty acid metabolism
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10050711
SN  - 2076-3921
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Blasimann, Angela
A1  - Busch, Aglaja
A1  - Henle, Philipp
A1  - Bruhn, Sven
A1  - Vissers, Dirk
A1  - Baur, Heiner
T1  - Neuromuscular control during stair descent and artificial tibial translation after acute ACL rupture
JF  - Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine
N2  - Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture has direct effect on passive and active knee stability and, specifically, stretch-reflex excitability. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to investigate neuromuscular activity in patients with an acute ACL deficit (ACL-D group) compared with a matched control group with an intact ACL (ACL-I group) during stair descent and artificially induced anterior tibial translation. It was hypothesized that neuromuscular control would be impaired in the ACL-D group. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), and semitendinosus (ST) muscles was recorded bilaterally in 15 patients with ACL-D (mean, 13.8 days [range, 7-21 days] since injury) and 15 controls with ACL-I during stair descent and artificially induced anterior tibial translation. The movements of stair descent were divided into preactivity, weight acceptance, and push-off phases. Reflex activity during anterior tibial translation was split into preactivity and short, medium, and late latency responses. Walking on a treadmill was used for submaximal EMG normalization. Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc analyses with Dunn-Bonferroni correction were used to compare normalized root mean square values for each muscle, limb, movement, and reflex phase between the ACL-D and ACL-I groups. Results: During the preactivity phase of stair descent, the hamstrings of the involved leg of the ACL-D group showed 33% to 51% less activity compared with the matched leg and contralateral leg of the ACL-I group (P <.05). During the weight acceptance and push-off phases, the VL revealed a significant reduction (approximately 40%) in the involved leg of the ACL-D group compared with the ACL-I group. At short latency, the BF and ST of the involved leg of the ACL-D group showed a significant increase in EMG activity compared with the uninvolved leg of the ACL-I group, by a factor of 2.2 to 4.6. Conclusion: In the acute phase after an ACL rupture, neuromuscular alterations were found mainly in the hamstrings of both limbs during stair descent and reflex activity. The potential role of prehabilitation needs to be further studied.
KW  - acute
KW  - anterior cruciate ligament
KW  - neuromuscular control
KW  - rupture
KW  - stairs
KW  - tibial translation
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/23259671221123299
SN  - 2325-9671
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
PB  - Sage
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Arnold, Patrick
A1  - Hagemann, Justus
A1  - Gilissen, Emmanuel
A1  - Hofreiter, Michael
T1  - Otter shrew mitogenomes (Afrotheria, Potamogalidae) reconstructed from historical museum skins
JF  - Mitochondrial DNA. Part B
N2  - African otter shrews (Potamogalidae) are Afrotherian mammals adapted to a semi-aquatic lifestyle. Given their rareness, genetic data on otter shrews are limited. By applying laboratory methods tuned for the recovery of archival DNA and an iterative mapping approach, we reconstructed whole mitochondrial genomes of the Giant (Potamogale velox) and Ruwenzori pygmy otter shrew (Micropotamogale ruwenzorii) from historical museum skins. Phylogenetic analyses are consistent with previous reports in recovering a sister relationship between African otter shrews and Malagasy tenrecs. The long branches separating both lineages, however, support their recognition as separate families.
KW  - tenrecs
KW  - Afrotheria
KW  - Africa
KW  - historical DNA
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2022.2122747
SN  - 2380-2359
VL  - 7
IS  - 9
SP  - 1699
EP  - 1701
PB  - Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Olimi, Expedito
A1  - Bickel, Samuel
A1  - Wicaksono, Wisnu Adi
A1  - Kusstatscher, Peter
A1  - Matzer, Robert
A1  - Cernava, Tomislav
A1  - Berg, Gabriele
T1  - Deciphering the microbial composition of biodynamic preparations and their effects on the apple rhizosphere microbiome
JF  - Frontiers in soil science
N2  - Soil microbial communities are crucial for plant growth and are already depleted by anthropogenic activities. 
The application of microbial transplants provides a strategy to restore beneficial soil traits, but less is known about the microbiota of traditional inoculants used in biodynamic agriculture. 
In this study, we used amplicon sequencing and quantitative PCR to decipher microbial communities of composts, biodynamic manures, and plant preparations from Austria and France. 
In addition, we investigated the effect of extracts derived from biodynamic manure and compost on the rhizosphere microbiome of apple trees. Microbiota abundance, composition, and diversity of biodynamic manures, plant preparations, and composts were distinct. Microbial abundances ranged between 1010-1011 (bacterial 16S rRNA genes) and 109-1011 (fungal ITS genes). The bacterial diversity was significantly higher in biodynamic manures compared to compost without discernible differences in abundance. Fungal diversity was not significantly different while abundance was increased in biodynamic manures. The microbial communities of biodynamic manures and plant preparations were specific for each production site, but all contain potentially plant-beneficial bacterial genera. 
When applied in apple orchards, biodynamic preparations (extracts) had the non-significant effect of reducing bacterial and fungal abundance in apple rhizosphere (4 months post-application), while increasing fungal and lowering bacterial Shannon diversity. 
One to four months after inoculation, individual taxa indicated differential abundance. We observed the reduction of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria, and the enrichment of potentially beneficial bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas. 
Our study paves way for the science-based adaptation of empirically developed biodynamic formulations under different farming practices to restore the vitality of agricultural soils.
KW  - biodynamic farming
KW  - compost microbiome
KW  - biodynamic manures
KW  - biodynamic preparations
KW  - rhizosphere microbiome
KW  - 16S rRNA/ITS amplicon sequencing
KW  - organic soil amendments
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoil.2022.1020869
SN  - 2673-8619
VL  - 2
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Yadav, Himanshu
A1  - Husain, Samar
A1  - Futrell, Richard
T1  - Assessing corpus evidence for formal and psycholinguistic constraints on nonprojectivity
JF  - Computational linguistics
N2  - Formal constraints on crossing dependencies have played a large role in research on the formal complexity of natural language grammars and parsing. Here we ask whether the apparent evidence for constraints on crossing dependencies in treebanks might arise because of independent constraints on trees, such as low arity and dependency length minimization. We address this question using two sets of experiments. In Experiment 1, we compare the distribution of formal properties of crossing dependencies, such as gap degree, between real trees and baseline trees matched for rate of crossing dependencies and various other properties. In Experiment 2, we model whether two dependencies cross, given certain psycholinguistic properties of the dependencies. We find surprisingly weak evidence for constraints originating from the mild context-sensitivity literature (gap degree and well-nestedness) beyond what can be explained by constraints on rate of crossing dependencies, topological properties of the trees, and dependency length. However, measures that have emerged from the parsing literature (e.g., edge degree, end-point crossings, and heads' depth difference) differ strongly between real and random trees. Modeling results show that cognitive metrics relating to information locality and working-memory limitations affect whether two dependencies cross or not, but they do not fully explain the distribution of crossing dependencies in natural languages. Together these results suggest that crossing constraints are better characterized by processing pressures than by mildly context-sensitive constraints.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00437
SN  - 0891-2017
SN  - 1530-9312
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
SP  - 375
EP  - 401
PB  - MIT Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stechemesser, Annika
A1  - Levermann, Anders
A1  - Wenz, Leonie
T1  - Temperature impacts on hate speech online: evidence from 4 billion geolocated tweets from the USA
JF  - The lancet. Planetary health
N2  - Background - A link between weather and aggression in the offline world has been established across a variety of societal settings. Simultaneously, the rapid digitalisation of nearly every aspect of everyday life has led to a high frequency of interpersonal conflicts online. Hate speech online has become a prevalent problem that has been shown to aggravate mental health conditions, especially among young people and marginalised groups. 
We examine the effect of temperature on the occurrence of hate speech on the social media platform Twitter and interpret the results in the context of the interlinkage between climate change, human behaviour, and mental health. 
Methods - In this quantitative empirical study, we used a supervised machine learning approach to identify hate speech in a dataset containing around 4 billion geolocated tweets from 773 cities across the USA between May 1, 2014 and May 1, 2020. 
We statistically evaluated the changes in daily hate tweets against changes in local temperature, isolating the temperature influence from confounding factors using binned panel-regression models. 
Findings - The prevalence of hate tweets was lowest at moderate temperatures (12 to 21?) and marked increases in the number of hate tweets were observed at hotter and colder temperatures, reaching up to 12middot5% (95% CI 8middot0-16middot5) for cold temperature extremes (-6 to -3?) and up to 22middot0% (95% CI 20middot5-23middot5) for hot temperature extremes (42 to 45?). Outside of the moderate temperature range, the hate tweets also increased as a proportion of total tweeting activity. The quasi-quadratic shape of the temperature-hate tweet curve was robust across varying climate zones, income quartiles, religious and political beliefs, and both city-level and state-level aggregations. 
However, temperature ranges with the lowest prevalence of hate tweets were centred around the local temperature mean and the magnitude of the increases in hate tweets for hot and cold temperatures varied across the climate zones. 
Interpretation - Our results highlight hate speech online as a potential channel through which temperature alters interpersonal conflict and societal aggression. We provide empirical evidence that hot and cold temperatures can aggravate aggressive tendencies online. The prevalence of the results across climatic and socioeconomic subgroups points to limitations in the ability of humans to adapt to temperature extremes.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00173-5
SN  - 2542-5196
VL  - 6
IS  - 9
SP  - E714
EP  - E725
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Thongthaisong, Patch
A1  - Kasada, Minoru
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
A1  - Wollrab, Sabine
T1  - Critical role of parasite-mediated energy pathway on community response to nutrient enrichment
JF  - Ecology and evolution
N2  - Parasites form an integral part of food webs, however, they are often ignored in classic food web theory or limited to the investigation of trophic transmission pathways. Specifically, direct consumption of parasites by nonhost predators is rarely considered, while it can contribute substantially to energy flow in food webs. In aquatic systems, chytrids constitute a major group of fungal parasites whose free-living infective stages (zoospores) form a highly nutritional food source to zooplankton. Thereby, the consumption of zoospores can create an energy pathway from otherwise inedible phytoplankton to zooplankton ( "mycoloop "). This parasite-mediated energy pathway might be of special importance during phytoplankton blooms dominated by inedible or toxic primary producers like cyanobacteria, which are on the rise with eutrophication and global warming. We theoretically investigated community dynamics and energy transfer in a food web consisting of an edible nonhost and an inedible host phytoplankton species, a parasitic fungus, and a zooplankton species grazing on edible phytoplankton and fungi. Food web dynamics were investigated along a nutrient gradient contrasting nonadaptive zooplankton species representative for filter feeders like cladocerans and zooplankton with the ability to actively adapt their feeding preferences like many copepod species. Overall, the importance of the mycoloop for zooplankton increases with nutrient availability. This increase is smooth for nonadaptive consumers. For adaptive consumers, we observe an abrupt shift from an almost exclusive preference for edible phytoplankton at low nutrient levels to a strong preference for parasitic fungi at high nutrient levels. The model predicts that parasitic fungi could contribute up to 50% of the zooplankton diet in nutrient-rich environments, which agrees with empirical observations on zooplankton gut content from eutrophic systems during blooms of inedible diatoms or cyanobacteria. Our findings highlight the role of parasite-mediated energy pathways for predictions of energy flow and community composition under current and future environmental change.
KW  - adaptive preference
KW  - energy flow
KW  - food web
KW  - mycoloop
KW  - parasite-mediated
KW  - energy pathway
KW  - parasites
KW  - parasitic fungi
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9622
SN  - 2045-7758
VL  - 12
IS  - 12
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY  - [Hoboken]
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pinkas, Ronen
T1  - The forgotten language of nontheistic mysticism
BT  - religious factors in Erich Fromm’s Humanism
JF  - Religions
N2  - In You Shall Be as Gods, Erich Fromm (1900–1980) defines his position as nontheistic mysticism. This research clarifies the term, considers its importance within Fromm’s humanism, and explores its potential origins. The nontheistic mystical position plays a central role in Fromm’s understanding of the relationship between mysticism and organized religion, religion and religiosity, and it clarifies the relationship between religion, philosophy, and social psychoanalysis, whose combination constitutes his humanistic ethics. Nontheistic mysticism relates, as well, to Fromm’s understanding of human nature; it involves the question of the relationship between language, perception, and experience. The nontheistic mystical position is linked to Fromm’s negative theology, the x experience, and idolatry. Hence, the nontheistic mystical position is relevant to Fromm’s understanding of self-realization and his vision of a sane society. Unlike some scholarly opinion, the conclusions of this paper suggest that Fromm’s humanism is not radical, as long as radical is defined as an absolute atheistic secular feature that eliminates the range of religious language and experience. Rather, it is a broad and cautious humanism that, on the one hand, internalizes the transcendent divinity into the human subject and transforms it into anthropological–ethical phenomena, but, on the other, implies that atheism carries the risk of an idolatrous identification of the human being with God. Consequently, this humanism requires a religious–mystical component to adequately portray the spiritual and ethical potentials of humanity and its challenges. Nontheistic mysticism is a consciousness mechanism aimed at the fine-tuning of the individual’s moral compass, which is affected by the pathologies of normalcy that prevail in all societies.
KW  - mysticism
KW  - x experience
KW  - idolatry
KW  - idology
KW  - negative theology
KW  - religious humanism
KW  - nontheistic Jewish humanism
KW  - Fritz Mauthner
Y1  - 2024
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15050531
SN  - 2077-1444
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ferner, Jessica
A1  - Linstädter, Anja
A1  - Rogass, Christian
A1  - Südekum, Karl-Heinz
A1  - Schmidtlein, Sebastian
T1  - Towards forage resource monitoring in subtropical savanna grasslands
BT  - going multispectral or hyperspectral?
JF  - European journal of remote sensing
N2  - Forage supply of savanna grasslands plays a crucial role for local food security and consequently, a reliable monitoring system could help to better manage vital forage resources. To help installing such a monitoring system, we investigated whether in-situ hyperspectral data could be resampled to match the spectral resolution of multi- and hyperspectral satellites; if the type of sensor affected model transfer; and if spatio-temporal patterns of forage characteristics could be related to environmental drivers. We established models for forage quantity (green biomass) and five forage quality proxies (metabolisable energy, acid/neutral detergent fibre, ash, phosphorus). Hyperspectral resolution of the Hyperion satellite mostly resulted in higher accuracies (i.e. higher R-2, lower RMSE). When applied to satellite data, though, the greater quality of the multispectral Sentinel-2 satellite data leads to more realistic forage maps. By analysing a three-year time series, we found plant phenology and cumulated precipitation to be the most important environmental drivers of forage supply. We conclude that none of the investigated satellites provide optimal conditions for monitoring purposes. Future hyperspectral satellite missions like EnMAP, combining the high information level of Hyperion with the good data quality and resolution of Sentinel-2, will provide the prerequisites for installing a regular monitoring service.
KW  - Africa
KW  - rangelands
KW  - remote-sensing based monitoring
KW  - forage
KW  - biomass
KW  - production
KW  - nutritive value
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/22797254.2021.1934556
SN  - 2279-7254
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
SP  - 364
EP  - 384
PB  - geoLAB, Laboratory of Geomatics
CY  - Florence
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Brönneke, Jan Benedikt
A1  - Müller, Jennifer
A1  - Mouratis, Konstantinos
A1  - Hagen, Julia
A1  - Stern, Ariel Dora
T1  - Regulatory, legal, and market aspects of smart wearables for cardiac monitoring
JF  - Sensors
N2  - In the area of cardiac monitoring, the use of digitally driven technologies is on the rise. While the development of medical products is advancing rapidly, allowing for new use-cases in cardiac monitoring and other areas, regulatory and legal requirements that govern market access are often evolving slowly, sometimes creating market barriers. This article gives a brief overview of the existing clinical studies regarding the use of smart wearables in cardiac monitoring and provides insight into the main regulatory and legal aspects that need to be considered when such products are intended to be used in a health care setting. Based on this brief overview, the article elaborates on the specific requirements in the main areas of authorization/certification and reimbursement/compensation, as well as data protection and data security. Three case studies are presented as examples of specific market access procedures: the USA, Germany, and Belgium. This article concludes that, despite the differences in specific requirements, market access pathways in most countries are characterized by a number of similarities, which should be considered early on in product development. The article also elaborates on how regulatory and legal requirements are currently being adapted for digitally driven wearables and proposes an ongoing evolution of these requirements to facilitate market access for beneficial medical technology in the future.
KW  - medical devices
KW  - regulation
KW  - market access
KW  - smart wearables
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/s21144937
SN  - 1424-8220
VL  - 21
IS  - 14
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Egli, Lukas
A1  - Mehrabi, Zia
A1  - Seppelt, Ralf
T1  - More farms, less specialized landscapes, and higher crop diversity stabilize food supplies
JF  - Environmental research letters
N2  - Theoretical and empirical studies show increased diversity in crops, supply chains, and markets helps stabilize food systems. At the same time global commodity markets and industrial agriculture have driven homogenization of local and regional production systems, and consolidated power in fewer larger specialized farms and distributers. This is a global challenge, with no obvious global solutions. An important question therefore, is how individual countries can build their own resilience through maintaining or increasing diversity within their borders. Here we show, using farm level data from Germany, that spreading production risk by growing the same crops across different farms carries stabilizing benefits by allowing for increased spatiotemporal asynchrony within crops. We also find that increasing asynchrony between the year-to-year production of different crops has stabilizing effects on food supply. Importantly, the benefits of increasing crop diversity are lower in specialized landscapes growing the same crop on large patches. Our results illustrate clear benefits of diversified crops, producers, and agricultural landscapes to buffer supply side shocks, and for incorporation in subsidies and other regulatory measures aimed at stabilizing food systems.
KW  - agroecology
KW  - climate variability
KW  - resilience
KW  - spatial heterogeneity
KW  - supply shocks
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abf529
SN  - 1748-9326
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
PB  - IOP Publ. Ltd.
CY  - Bristol
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Wolf, Hans-Georg
A1  - Finzel, Anna
T1  - Colonial cultural conceptualizations and world Englishes
T2  - Research developments in world englishes
N2  - In this paper, we take a cognitive-sociolinguistic perspective on texts from the colonial period. The texts stem from various agents in the colonial enterprise and include documents from missionaries, administrators and politicians, as well as legal and scientific texts. What we find and trace in these texts is a recurrent set of dominant systems of conceptualizations that are characteristic of the colonial mindset and the corresponding discourse at large. However, these conceptualizations were spelled out in quite different ways in discourse, depending on the ideological background and objectives of the authors and on the specific colonial setting they deal with. We will focus on two contexts, India and sub-Saharan Africa, and we will highlight conceptualizations related to the framing of the constellation between colonizers and colonial subjects in terms of, inter alia, a parent-child, an adult-child and a teacher-pupil relationship. We will then look into some examples of cultural practices among the colonized that were “disturbing” to the colonizers. The fact that they were betrays value systems as well as preoccupations and fears on the side of the colonizers. These practices triggered efforts at cultural engineering in the colonies which had lasting effects on the local culture in these settings. However, this impact was far from being one-directional. The experience with the “otherness” of the colonial subjects fueled debates on latent societal issues in the culture of the colonizers. We will consider this impact for the case of the discourse on homosexuality. The empire stroke back also in linguistic terms, most notably by a host of loan words that entered the lexicon of English. The way these loan words were “integrated” into the English language provides ample evidence of a cultural appropriation also in this direction, i.e., the process known as “contextualization” in traditional Kachruvian sociolinguistics is bi-directional as well.
KW  - sociolinguistics
KW  - linguistic anthropology
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 978-1-3501-6708-7
SN  - 978-1-3501-6705-6
SN  - 978-1-3501-6706-3
SN  - 978-1-3501-6707-0
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350167087.ch-010
SP  - 199
EP  - 230
PB  - Bloomsbury Academic
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Chromik, Jonas
A1  - Klopfenstein, Sophie Anne Ines
A1  - Pfitzner, Bjarne
A1  - Sinno, Zeena-Carola
A1  - Arnrich, Bert
A1  - Balzer, Felix
A1  - Poncette, Akira-Sebastian
T1  - Computational approaches to alleviate alarm fatigue in intensive care medicine: a systematic literature review
JF  - Frontiers in digital health
N2  - Patient monitoring technology has been used to guide therapy and alert staff when a vital sign leaves a predefined range in the intensive care unit (ICU) for decades. However, large amounts of technically false or clinically irrelevant alarms provoke alarm fatigue in staff leading to desensitisation towards critical alarms. 
With this systematic review, we are following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) checklist in order to summarise scientific efforts that aimed to develop IT systems to reduce alarm fatigue in ICUs. 69 peer-reviewed publications were included. The majority of publications targeted the avoidance of technically false alarms, while the remainder focused on prediction of patient deterioration or alarm presentation. 
The investigated alarm types were mostly associated with heart rate or arrhythmia, followed by arterial blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate. 
Most publications focused on the development of software solutions, some on wearables, smartphones, or headmounted displays for delivering alarms to staff. 
The most commonly used statistical models were tree-based. In conclusion, we found strong evidence that alarm fatigue can be alleviated by IT-based solutions. 
However, future efforts should focus more on the avoidance of clinically non-actionable alarms which could be accelerated by improving the data availability.
KW  - alarm fatigue
KW  - alarm management
KW  - alarm optimisation
KW  - intensive care unit
KW  - IT system
KW  - patient monitoring
KW  - ICU
KW  - critical care
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2022.843747
SN  - 2673-253X
VL  - 4
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jones, Chris
A1  - Wiesner, Karoline
T1  - Clarifying how degree entropies and degree-degree correlations relate to network robustness
JF  - Entropy : an international and interdisciplinary journal of entropy and information studies
N2  - It is often claimed that the entropy of a network's degree distribution is a proxy for its robustness. Here, we clarify the link between degree distribution entropy and giant component robustness to node removal by showing that the former merely sets a lower bound to the latter for randomly configured networks when no other network characteristics are specified. Furthermore, we show that, for networks of fixed expected degree that follow degree distributions of the same form, the degree distribution entropy is not indicative of robustness. By contrast, we show that the remaining degree entropy and robustness have a positive monotonic relationship and give an analytic expression for the remaining degree entropy of the log-normal distribution. We also show that degree-degree correlations are not by themselves indicative of a network's robustness for real networks. We propose an adjustment to how mutual information is measured which better encapsulates structural properties related to robustness.
KW  - complex networks
KW  - network robustness
KW  - degree distribution entropy;
KW  - remaining degree entropy
KW  - mutual information of networks
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/e24091182
SN  - 1099-4300
VL  - 24
IS  - 9
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kindermann, Liana
A1  - Dobler, Magnus
A1  - Niedeggen, Daniela
A1  - Linstädter, Anja
T1  - A new protocol for estimation of woody aboveground biomass in disturbance-prone ecosystems
JF  - Ecological indicators : integrating monitoring, assessment and management
N2  - Almost one third of global drylands are open forests and savannas, which are typically shaped by frequent natural disturbances such as wildfire and herbivory. Studies on ecosystem functions and services of woody vegetation require robust estimates of aboveground biomass (AGB). However, most methods have been developed for comparatively undisturbed forest ecosystems. As they are not tailored to accurately quantify AGB of small and irregular growth forms, their application on these growth forms may lead to unreliable or even biased AGB estimates in disturbance-prone dryland ecosystems. Moreover, these methods cannot quantify AGB losses caused by disturbance agents. Here we propose a methodology to estimate individual-and stand-level woody AGB in disturbance-prone ecosystems. It consists of flexible field sampling routines and estimation workflows for six growth classes, delineated by size and damage criteria. It also comprises a detailed damage assessment, harnessing the ecological archive of woody growth for past disturbances. 

Based on large inventories collected along steep gradients of elephant disturbances in African dryland ecosystems, we compared the AGB estimates generated with our proposed method against estimates from a less adapted forest inventory method. We evaluated the necessary stepwise procedures of method adaptation and analyzed each step's effect on stand-level AGB estimation. We further explored additional advantages of our proposed method with regard to disturbance impact quantification. Results indicate that a majority of growth forms and individuals in savanna vegetation could only be assessed if methods of AGB estimation were adapted to the conditions of a disturbance-prone ecosystem. Furthermore, our damage assessment demonstrated that one third to half of all woody AGB was lost to disturbances. Consequently, less adapted methods may be insufficient and are likely to render inaccurate AGB estimations.

Our proposed method has the potential to accurately quantify woody AGB in disturbance-prone ecosystems, as well as AGB losses. Our method is more time consuming than conventional allometric approaches, yet it can cover sufficient areas within reasonable timespans, and can also be easily adapted to alternative sampling schemes.
KW  - Damage assessment
KW  - Disturbance impacts
KW  - Tree growth classes
KW  - Method
KW  - comparison
KW  - Flexible sampling strategy
KW  - Tree allometry
KW  - Woody
KW  - aboveground biomass
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108466
SN  - 1470-160X
SN  - 1872-7034
VL  - 135
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Körting, Friederike Magdalena
A1  - Köllner, Nicole
A1  - Kuras, Agnieszka
A1  - Bösche, Nina Kristin
A1  - Rogass, Christian
A1  - Mielke, Christian
A1  - Elger, Kirsten
A1  - Altenberger, Uwe
T1  - A solar optical hyperspectral library of rare-earth-bearing minerals, rare-earth oxide powders, copper-bearing minerals and Apliki mine surface samples
JF  - Earth system science data : ESSD
N2  - Mineral resource exploration and mining is an essential part of today's high-tech industry. Elements such as rare-earth elements (REEs) and copper are, therefore, in high demand. Modern exploration techniques from multiple platforms (e.g., spaceborne and airborne), to detect and map the spectral characteristics of the materials of interest, require spectral libraries as an essential reference. They include field and laboratory spectral information in combination with geochemical analyses for validation. Here, we present a collection of REE- and copper-related hyperspectral spectra with associated geochemical information. The libraries contain reflectance spectra from rare-earth element oxides, REE-bearing minerals, copper-bearing minerals and mine surface samples from the Apliki copper-gold-pyrite mine in the Republic of Cyprus. The samples were measured with the HySpex imaging spectrometers in the visible and near infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) range (400-2500 nm). The geochemical validation of each sample is provided with the reflectance spectra. The spectral libraries are openly available to assist future mineral mapping campaigns and laboratory spectroscopic analyses. The spectral libraries and corresponding geochemistry are published via GFZ Data Services with the following DOIs: https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.004 (13 REE-bearing minerals and 16 oxide powders, Koerting et al., 2019a), https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.003 (20 copper-bearing minerals, Koellner et al., 2019), and https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.005 (37 copper-bearing surface material samples from the Apliki coppergold-pyrite mine in Cyprus, Koerting et al., 2019b). All spectral libraries are united and comparable by the internally consistent method of hyperspectral data acquisition in the laboratory.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-923-2021
SN  - 1866-3508
SN  - 1866-3516
VL  - 13
SP  - 923
EP  - 942
PB  - Copernics Publications
CY  - Katlenburg-Lindau
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kindermann, Liana
A1  - Dobler, Magnus
A1  - Niedeggen, Daniela
A1  - Chimbioputo Fabiano, Ezequiel
A1  - Linstädter, Anja
T1  - Dataset on woody aboveground biomass, disturbance losses, and wood density from an African savanna ecosystem
JF  - Data in Brief
N2  - This dataset comprises tree inventories and damage assessments performed in Namibia's semi-arid Zambezi Region. Data were sampled in savannas and savanna woodlands along steep gradients of elephant population densities to capture the effects of those (and other) disturbances on individual-level and stand-level aboveground woody biomass (AGB). The dataset contains raw data on dendrometric measures and processed data on specific wood density (SWD), woody aboveground biomass, and biomass losses through disturbance impacts. Allometric proxies (height, canopy diameters, and in adult trees also stem circumferences) were recorded for n = 6,179 tree and shrub individuals. Wood samples were taken for each encountered species to measure specific wood density.

These measurements have been used to estimate woody aboveground biomass via established allometric models, advanced through our improved methodologies and workflows that accounted for tree and shrub architecture shaped by disturbance impacts. To this end, we performed a detailed damage assessment on each woody individual in the field. In addition to estimations of standing biomass, our new method also delivered data on biomass losses to different disturbance agents (elephants, fire, and others) on the level of plant individuals and stands.

The data presented here have been used within a study published with Ecological Indicators (Kindermann et al., 2022) to evaluate the benefits of our improved methodology in comparison to a standard reference method of aboveground biomass estimations. Additionally, it has been employed in a study on carbon storage and sequestration in vegetation and soils (Sandhage-Hofmann et al., 2021).

The raw data of dendrometric measurements can be subjected to other available allometric models for biomass estimation. The processed data can be used to analyze disturbance impacts on woody aboveground biomass, or for regional carbon storage estimates. The data on species-specific wood density can be used for application to other dendrometric datasets to (re-) estimate biomass through allometric models requiring wood density. It can further be used for plant functional trait analyses.
KW  - Damage assessment
KW  - Disturbance impacts
KW  - Disturbance indicator
KW  - Elephant disturbance
KW  - Tree allometry
KW  - Specific wood density
KW  - Woody aboveground biomass
KW  - Wood specific gravity
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2022.108155
SN  - 2352-3409
VL  - 42
SP  - 1
EP  - 16
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam, Niederlande
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dämpfling, Helge L. C.
A1  - Mielke, Christian
A1  - Koellner, Nicole
A1  - Lorenz, Melanie
A1  - Rogass, Christian
A1  - Altenberger, Uwe
A1  - Harlov, Daniel E.
A1  - Knoper, Michael
T1  - Automatic element and mineral detection in thin sections using hyperspectral transmittance imaging microscopy (HyperTIM)
JF  - European journal of mineralogy
N2  - In this study we present a novel method for the automatic detection of minerals and elements using hyperspectral transmittance imaging microscopy measurements of complete thin sections (HyperTIM). 
This is accomplished by using a hyperspectral camera system that operates in the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) range with a specifically designed sample holder, scanning setup, and a microscope lens. 

We utilize this method on a monazite ore thin section from Steenkampskraal (South Africa), which we analyzed for the rare earth element (REE)-bearing mineral monazite ((Ce,Nd,La)PO4), with high concentrations of Nd. The transmittance analyses with the hyperspectral VNIR camera can be used to identify REE minerals and Nd in thin sections. 

We propose a three-point band depth index, the Nd feature depth index (NdFD), and its related product the Nd band depth index (NdBDI), which enables automatic mineral detection and classification for the Nd-bearing monazites in thin sections. In combination with the average concentration of the relative Nd content, it permits a destruction-free, total concentration calculation for Nd across the entire thin section.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-275-2022
SN  - 0935-1221
SN  - 1617-4011
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
SP  - 275
EP  - 284
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wang, Rong
A1  - Kuhn, Gerhard
A1  - Gong, Xun
A1  - Biskaborn, Boris K.
A1  - Gersonde, Rainer
A1  - Lembke-Jene, Lester
A1  - Lohmann, Gerrit
A1  - Tiedemann, Ralf
A1  - Diekmann, Bernhard
T1  - Deglacial land-ocean linkages at the Alaskan continental margin in the Bering Sea
JF  - Frontiers in Earth Science
N2  - A marine sediment record from the central Bering Sea, spanning the last 20 thousand years (ka), was studied to unravel the depositional history with regard to terrigenous sediment supply and biogenic sedimentation. Methodic approaches comprised the inference of accumulation rates of siliciclastic and biogenic components, grain-size analysis, and (clay) mineralogy, as well as paleoclimatic modelling. Changes in the depositional history provides insight into land-ocean linkages of paleoenvironmental changes. During the finale of the Last Glacial Maximum, the depositional environment was characterized by hemipelagic background sedimentation. A marked change in the terrigenous sediment provenance during the late Heinrich 1 Stadial (15.7-14.5 ka), indicated by increases in kaolinite and a high glaciofluvial influx of clay, gives evidence of the deglaciation of the Brooks Range in the hinterland of Alaska. This meltwater pulse also stimulated the postglacial onset of biological productivity. Glacial melt implies regional climate warming during a time of widespread cooling on the northern hemisphere. Our simulation experiment with a coupled climate model suggests atmospheric teleconnections to the North Atlantic, with impacts on the dynamics of the Aleutian Low system that gave rise to warmer winters and an early onset of spring during that time. The late deglacial period between 14.5 and 11.0 ka was characterized by enhanced fluvial runoff and biological productivity in the course of climate amelioration, sea-level rise, seasonal sea-ice retreat, and permafrost thaw in the hinterland. The latter processes temporarily stalled during the Younger Dryas stadial (12.9-11.7 ka) and commenced again during the Preboreal (earliest Holocene), after 11.7 ka. High river runoff might have fertilized the Bering Sea and contributed to enhanced upper ocean stratification. Since 11.0 ka, advanced transgression has shifted the coast line and fluvial influence of the Yukon River away from the study site. The opening of the Bering Strait strengthened contour currents along the continental slope, leaving behind winnowed sand-rich sediments through the early to mid-Holocene, with non-deposition occurring since about 6.0 ka.
KW  - North Pacific
KW  - terrigenous sediments
KW  - heinrich event
KW  - brooks range
KW  - deglaciation
KW  - meltwater
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.712415
SN  - 2296-6463
VL  - 9
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Cheshmeh, Sahar
A1  - Elahi, Negin
A1  - Ghayyem, Maysa
A1  - Mosaieby, Elaheh
A1  - Moradi, Shima
A1  - Pasdar, Yahya
A1  - Tahmasebi, Susan
A1  - Moradinazar, Mehdi
T1  - Effect of green cardamom on the expression of genes implicated in obesity and diabetes among obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
BT  - a double blind randomized controlled trial
JF  - Genes & nutrition
N2  - Background: 
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disease in which related to obesity, metabolic disorders and is considered as one of the main causes of infertility in women. This trial was investigated the effects of green cardamom on the expression of genes implicated in obesity and diabetes among obese women with PCOS. 

Methods: 
One hundred ninety-four PCOS women were randomly divided two groups: intervention (n = 99; 3 g/day green cardamom) and control groups (n = 95). All of them were given low calorie diet. Anthropometric, glycemic and androgen hormones were assessed before and after 16-week intervention. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was used to measure fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO), peroxisome proliferative activating receptor- (PPAR-), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta (ACAB), leptin receptor (LEPR), ghrelin, and lamin A/C (LAMIN) genes expression in each group. 

Results: 
Anthropometric indices were significantly decreased after intervention in both two studied groups. Glycemic indices and androgen hormones were significantly improved in the intervention group compared to the control group. The expression levels of FTO, CPT1A, LEPR, and LAMIN were significantly downregulated compared to control group (P < 0.001), as well as, PPAR-y was significantly upregulated in the intervention group after intervention with green cardamom compared to control group (P < 0.001). 

Conclusion: 
This current study showed that the administration of green cardamom is a beneficial approach for improving anthropometric, glycemic, and androgen hormones, as well as obesity and diabetes genes expression in PCOS women under the low-calorie diet.
KW  - polycystic ovary syndrome
KW  - green cardamom
KW  - obesity genes
KW  - diabetes genes
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12263-022-00719-6
SN  - 1865-3499
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Yarman, Aysu
A1  - Kurbanoglu, Sevinc
T1  - Molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensors for SARS-CoV-2
BT  - where are we now?
JF  - Biomimetics
N2  - Since the first reported case of COVID-19 in 2019 in China and the official declaration from the World Health Organization in March 2021 as a pandemic, fast and accurate diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has played a major role worldwide. For this reason, various methods have been developed, comprising reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunoassays, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), and bio(mimetic)sensors. Among the developed methods, RT-PCR is so far the gold standard. Herein, we give an overview of the MIP-based sensors utilized since the beginning of the pandemic.
KW  - molecularly imprinted polymers
KW  - biomimetic sensors
KW  - SARS-CoV-2
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7020058
SN  - 2313-7673
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Grzesiuk, Malgorzata
A1  - Pietrzak, Barbara
A1  - Wacker, Alexander
A1  - Pijanowska, Joanna
T1  - Photosynthetic activity in both algae and cyanobacteria changes in response to cues of predation
JF  - Frontiers in plant science
N2  - A plethora of adaptive responses to predation has been described in microscopic aquatic producers. 
Although the energetic costs of these responses are expected, with their consequences going far beyond an individual, their underlying molecular and metabolic mechanisms are not fully known. 
One, so far hardly considered, is if and how the photosynthetic efficiency of phytoplankton might change in response to the predation cues. Our main aim was to identify such responses in phytoplankton and to detect if they are taxon-specific. 
We exposed seven algae and seven cyanobacteria species to the chemical cues of an efficient consumer, Daphnia magna, which was fed either a green alga, Acutodesmus obliquus, or a cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus (kairomone and alarm cues), or was not fed (kairomone alone). 
In most algal and cyanobacterial species studied, the quantum yield of photosystem II increased in response to predator fed cyanobacterium, whereas in most of these species the yield did not change in response to predator fed alga. 
Also, cyanobacteria tended not to respond to a non-feeding predator. The modal qualitative responses of the electron transport rate were similar to those of the quantum yield. 
To our best knowledge, the results presented here are the broadest scan of photosystem II responses in the predation context so far.
KW  - phytoplankton
KW  - grazing
KW  - predation
KW  - Daphnia
KW  - phenotypic plasticity
KW  - biotic stress
KW  - photosystem
KW  - PAM
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.907174
SN  - 1664-462X
VL  - 13
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Leidig, Tatjana
A1  - Casale, Gino
A1  - Wilbert, Jürgen
A1  - Hennemann, Thomas
A1  - Volpe, Robert J.
A1  - Briesch, Amy
A1  - Grosche, Michael
T1  - Individual, generalized, and moderated effects of the good behavior game on at-risk primary school students
BT  - a multilevel multiple baseline study using behavioral progress monitoring
JF  - Frontiers in Education
N2  - The current study examined the impact of the Good Behavior Game (GBG) on the academic engagement (AE) and disruptive behavior (DB) of at-risk students' in a German inclusive primary school sample using behavioral progress monitoring. 
A multiple baseline design across participants was employed to evaluate the effects of the GBG on 35 primary school students in seven classrooms from grade 1 to 3 (M-age = 8.01 years, SDage = 0.81 years). 
The implementation of the GBG was randomly staggered by 2 weeks across classrooms. Teacher-completed Direct Behavior Rating (DBR) was applied to measure AE and DB. We used piecewise regression and a multilevel extension to estimate the individual case-specific treatment effects as well as the generalized effects across cases. 
Piecewise regressions for each case showed significant immediate treatment effects for the majority of participants (82.86%) for one or both outcome measures. 
The multilevel approach revealed that the GBG improved at-risk students' classroom behaviors generally with a significant immediate treatment effect across cases (for AE, B = 0.74, p < 0.001; for DB, B = -1.29, p < 0.001). 
The moderation between intervention effectiveness and teacher ratings of students' risks for externalizing psychosocial problems was significant for DB (B = -0.07, p = 0.047) but not for AE. 
Findings are consistent with previous studies indicating that the GBG is an appropriate classroom-based intervention for at-risk students and expand the literature regarding differential effects for affected students. 
In addition, the study supports the relevance of behavioral progress monitoring and data-based decision-making in inclusive schools in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the GBG and, if necessary, to modify the intervention for individual students or the whole group.
KW  - classroom behavior
KW  - good behavior game
KW  - multilevel analysis
KW  - piecewise regression
KW  - single case design
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.917138
SN  - 2504-284X
VL  - 7
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Knapp, Nikolai
A1  - Attinger, Sabine
A1  - Huth, Andreas
T1  - A question of scale: modeling biomass, gain and mortality distributions of a tropical forest
JF  - Biogeosciences
N2  - Describing the heterogeneous structure of forests is often challenging. 
One possibility is to analyze forest biomass in different plots and to derive plot-based frequency distributions. 
However, these frequency distributions depend on the plot size and thus are scale dependent. 
This study provides insights about transferring them between scales. Understanding the effects of scale on distributions of biomass is particularly important for comparing information from different sources such as inventories, remote sensing and modeling, all of which can operate at different spatial resolutions. Reliable methods to compare results of vegetation models at a grid scale with field data collected at smaller scales are still missing. 
The scaling of biomass and variables, which determine the forest biomass, was investigated for a tropical forest in Panama. Based on field inventory data from Barro Colorado Island, spanning 50 ha over 30 years, the distributions of aboveground biomass, biomass gain and mortality were derived at different spatial resolutions, ranging from 10 to 100 m. Methods for fitting parametric distribution functions were compared. 
Further, it was tested under which assumptions about the distributions a simple stochastic simulation forest model could best reproduce observed biomass distributions at all scales. Also, an analytical forest model for calculating biomass distributions at equilibrium and assuming mortality as a white shot noise process was tested. 
Scaling exponents of about 0.47 were found for the standard deviations of the biomass and gain distributions, while mortality showed a different scaling relationship with an exponent of 0.3. Lognormal and gamma distribution functions fitted with the moment matching estimation method allowed for consistent parameter transfers between scales. Both forest models (stochastic simulation and analytical solution) were able to reproduce observed biomass distributions across scales, when combined with the derived scaling relationships. 
The study demonstrates a way of how to approach the scaling problem in model-data comparisons by providing a transfer relationship. Further research is needed for a better understanding of the mechanisms that shape the frequency distributions at the different scales.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4929-2022
SN  - 1726-4170
SN  - 1726-4189
VL  - 19
IS  - 20
SP  - 4929
EP  - 4944
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Katlenburg-Lindau [u.a.]
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shoghi, Sara
A1  - Arslan, Seckin
A1  - Bastiaanse, Roelien
A1  - Popov, Srdan
T1  - Does a walk-through video help the parser down the garden-path?
BT  - a visually enhanced self-paced reading study in Dutch
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
N2  - The human language processing mechanism assigns a structure to the incoming materials as they unfold. There is evidence that the parser prefers some attachment types over others; however, theories of sentence processing are still in dispute over the stage at which each source of information contributes to the parsing system. The present study aims to identify the nature of initial parsing decisions during sentence processing through manipulating attachment type and verbs' argument structure. To this end, we designed a self-paced reading task using globally ambiguous constructions in Dutch. The structures included double locative prepositional phrases (PPs) where the first PP could attach both to the verb (high attachment) and the noun preceding it (low attachment). To disambiguate the structures, we presented a visual context in the form of short animation clips prior to each reading task. Furthermore, we manipulated the argument structure of the sentences using 2- and 3-argument verbs. The results showed that parsing decisions were influenced by contextual cues depending on the argument structure of the verb. That is, the visual context overcame the preference for high attachment only in the case of 2-argument verbs, while this preference persisted in structures including 3-argument verbs as represented by longer reading times for the low attachment interpretations. These findings can be taken as evidence that our language processing system actively integrates information from linguistic and non-linguistic sources from the initial stages of analysis to build up meaning. We discuss our findings in light of serial and parallel models of sentence processing.
KW  - syntactic ambiguity resolution
KW  - self-paced reading
KW  - visual context
KW  - sentence processing
KW  - PP attachment
KW  - written language comprehension
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1009265
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 13
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Werfelli, Hanen
A1  - Hammami, Raouf
A1  - Selmi, Mohamed Amine
A1  - Selmi, Walid
A1  - Gabrilo, Goran
A1  - Clark, Cain C. T.
A1  - Duncan, Michael
A1  - Sekulic, Damir
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Rebai, Haithem
T1  - Acute Effects of Different Plyometric and Strength Exercises on Balance Performance in Youth Weightlifters
JF  - Frontiers in Physiology
N2  - Background: High-intensity muscle actions have the potential to temporarily improve the performance which has been denoted as postactivation performance enhancement.

Objectives: This study determined the acute effects of different stretch-shortening (fast vs. low) and strength (dynamic vs. isometric) exercises executed during one training session on subsequent balance performance in youth weightlifters.

Materials and Methods: Sixteen male and female young weightlifters, aged 11.3±0.6years, performed four strength exercise conditions in randomized order, including dynamic strength (DYN; 3 sets of 3 repetitions of 10 RM) and isometric strength exercises (ISOM; 3 sets of maintaining 3s of 10 RM of back-squat), as well as fast (FSSC; 3 sets of 3 repetitions of 20-cm drop-jumps) and slow (SSSC; 3 sets of 3 hurdle jumps over a 20-cm obstacle) stretch-shortening cycle protocols. Balance performance was tested before and after each of the four exercise conditions in bipedal stance on an unstable surface (i.e., BOSU ball with flat side facing up) using two dependent variables, i.e., center of pressure surface area (CoP SA) and velocity (CoP V).

Results: There was a significant effect of time on CoP SA and CoP V [F(1,60)=54.37, d=1.88, p<0.0001; F(1,60)=9.07, d=0.77, p=0.003]. In addition, a statistically significant effect of condition on CoP SA and CoP V [F(3,60)=11.81, d=1.53, p<0.0001; F(3,60)=7.36, d=1.21, p=0.0003] was observed. Statistically significant condition-by-time interactions were found for the balance parameters CoP SA (p<0.003, d=0.54) and CoP V (p<0.002, d=0.70). Specific to contrast analysis, all specified hypotheses were tested and demonstrated that FSSC yielded significantly greater improvements than all other conditions in CoP SA and CoP V [p<0.0001 (d=1.55); p=0.0004 (d=1.19), respectively]. In addition, FSSC yielded significantly greater improvements compared with the two conditions for both balance parameters [p<0.0001 (d=2.03); p<0.0001 (d=1.45)].

Conclusion: Fast stretch-shortening cycle exercises appear to be more effective to improve short-term balance performance in young weightlifters. Due to the importance of balance for overall competitive achievement in weightlifting, it is recommended that young weightlifters implement dynamic plyometric exercises in the fast stretch-shortening cycle during the warm-up to improve their balance performance.
KW  - postural stability
KW  - conditioning exercise
KW  - adolescents
KW  - performance
KW  - weightlifting
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.716981
SN  - 1664-042X
VL  - 12
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Razaghi-Moghadam, Zahra
A1  - Sokolowska, Ewelina
A1  - Sowa, Marcin A.
A1  - Skirycz, Aleksandra
A1  - Nikoloski, Zoran
T1  - Combination of network and molecule structure accurately predicts competitive inhibitory interactions
JF  - Computational and structural biotechnology journal
N2  - Mining of metabolite-protein interaction networks facilitates the identification of design principles underlying the regulation of different cellular processes. However, identification and characterization of the regulatory role that metabolites play in interactions with proteins on a genome-scale level remains a pressing task. Based on availability of high-quality metabolite-protein interaction networks and genome-scale metabolic networks, here we propose a supervised machine learning approach, called CIRI that determines whether or not a metabolite is involved in a competitive inhibitory regulatory interaction with an enzyme. First, we show that CIRI outperforms the naive approach based on a structural similarity threshold for a putative competitive inhibitor and the substrates of a metabolic reaction. We also validate the performance of CIRI on several unseen data sets and databases of metabolite-protein interactions not used in the training, and demonstrate that the classifier can be effectively used to predict competitive inhibitory interactions. Finally, we show that CIRI can be employed to refine predictions about metabolite-protein interactions from a recently proposed PROMIS approach that employs metabolomics and proteomics profiles from size exclusion chromatography in E. coli to predict metaboliteprotein interactions. Altogether, CIRI fills a gap in cataloguing metabolite-protein interactions and can be used in directing future machine learning efforts to categorize the regulatory type of these interactions.
KW  - Metabolite-protein interactions
KW  - Genome-scale metabolic models
KW  - Supervised machine learning
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2021.04.012
SN  - 2001-0370
VL  - 19
SP  - 2170
EP  - 2178
PB  - Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology (RNCSB)
CY  - Gotenburg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wiesmeier, Isabella K.
A1  - Dalin, Daniela
A1  - Wehrle, Anja
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Muehlbauer, Thomas
A1  - Dietterle, Jörg
A1  - Weiller, Cornelius
A1  - Gollhofer, Albert
A1  - Maurer, Christoph
T1  - Balance training enhances vestibular function and reduces overactive proprioceptive feedback in elderly
JF  - Frontiers in aging neuroscience
N2  - Objectives: Postural control in elderly people is impaired by degradations of sensory, motor, and higher-level adaptive mechanisms. Here, we characterize the effects of a progressive balance training programon these postural control impairments using a brain network model based on system identification techniques. Methods and Material: We analyzed postural control of 35 healthy elderly subjects and compared findings to data from 35 healthy young volunteers. Eighteen elderly subjects performed a 10 week balance training conducted twice per week. Balance training was carried out in static and dynamic movement states, on support surfaces with different elastic compliances, under different visual conditions and motor tasks. Postural control was characterized by spontaneous sway and postural reactions to pseudorandom anterior-posterior tilts of the support surface. Data were interpreted using a parameter identification procedure based on a brain network model. Conclusion: Balance training reduced overactive proprioceptive feedback and restored vestibular orientation in elderly. Based on the assumption of a linear deterioration of postural control across the life span, the training effect can be extrapolated as a juvenescence of 10 years. This study points to a considerable benefit of a continuous balance training in elderly, even without any sensorimotor deficits.
KW  - age
KW  - balance
KW  - vestibular
KW  - proprioception
KW  - training
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2017.00273
SN  - 1663-4365
VL  - 9
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Saidi, Karim
A1  - Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf
A1  - Boullosa, Daniel
A1  - Dupont, Grégory
A1  - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1  - Bideau, Benoit
A1  - Pavillon, Thomas
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Zouhal, Hassane
T1  - The Interplay Between Plasma Hormonal Concentrations, Physical Fitness, Workload and Mood State Changes to Periods of Congested Match Play in Professional Soccer Players
JF  - Frontiers in Physiology
N2  - Background: The regular assessment of hormonal and mood state parameters in professional soccer are proposed as good indicators during periods of intense training and/or competition to avoid overtraining.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze hormonal, psychological, workload and physical fitness parameters in elite soccer players in relation to changes in training and match exposure during a congested period of match play.

Methods: Sixteen elite soccer players from a team playing in the first Tunisian soccer league were evaluated three times (T1, T2, and T3) over 12 weeks. The non-congested period of match play was from T1 to T2, when the players played 6 games over 6 weeks. The congested period was from T2 to T3, when the players played 10 games over 6 weeks. From T1 to T3, players performed the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1), the repeated shuttle sprint ability test (RSSA), the countermovement jump test (CMJ), and the squat jump test (SJ). Plasma Cortisol (C), Testosterone (T), and the T/C ratio were analyzed at T1, T2, and T3. Players had their mood dimensions (tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion, and a Total Mood Disturbance) assessed through the Profile of Mood State questionnaire (POMS). Training session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) was also recorded on a daily basis in order to quantify internal training load and elements of monotony and strain.

Results: Significant performance declines (T1 < T2 < T3) were found for SJ performance (p = 0.04, effect size [ES] ES₁₋₂ = 0.15−0.06, ES₂₋₃ = 0.24) from T1 to T3. YYIR1 performance improved significantly from T1 to T2 and declined significantly from T2 to T3 (p = 0.001, ES₁₋₂ = 0.24, ES₂₋₃ = −2.54). Mean RSSA performance was significantly higher (p = 0.019, ES₁₋₂ = −0.47, ES₂₋₃ = 1.15) in T3 compared with T2 and T1. Best RSSA performance was significantly higher in T3 when compared with T2 and T1 (p = 0.006, ES₂₋₃ = 0.47, ES₁₋₂ = −0.56), but significantly lower in T2 when compared with to T1. T and T/C were significantly lower in T3 when compared with T2 and T1 (T: p = 0.03, ES₃₋₂ = −0.51, ES₃₋₁ = −0.51, T/C: p = 0.017, ES₃₋₂ = −1.1, ES₃₋₁ = −1.07). Significant decreases were found for the vigor scores in T3 when compared to T2 and T1 (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 0.31, ES₃₋₂ = −1.25). A significant increase was found in fatigue scores in T3 as compared to T1 and T2 (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 0.43, ES₂₋₃ = 0.81). A significant increase was found from T1 < T2 < T3 intension score (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 1.1, ES₂₋₃ = 0.2) and anger score (p = 0.03, ES₁₋₂ = 0.47, ES₂₋₃ = 0.33) over the study period. Total mood disturbance increased significantly (p = 0.02, ES₁₋₂ = 0.91, ES₂₋₃ = 1.1) from T1 to T3. Between T1-T2, significant relationships were observed between workload and changes in T (r = 0.66, p = 0.003), and T/C ratio (r = 0.62, p = 0.01). There were significant relationships between performance in RSSAbest and training load parameters (workload: r = 0.52, p = 0.03; monotony: r = 0.62, p = 0.01; strain: r = 0.62, p = 0.009). Between T2-T3, there was a significant relationship between Δ% of total mood disturbance and Δ% of YYIR1 (r = −0.54; p = 0.04), RSSAbest (r = 0.58, p = 0.01), SJ (r = −0,55, p = 0.01), T (r = 0.53; p = 0.03), and T/C (r = 0.5; p = 0.04).

Conclusion: An intensive period of congested match play significantly compromised elite soccer players’ physical and mental fitness. These changes were related to psychological but not hormonal parameters; even though significant alterations were detected for selected measures. Mood monitoring could be a simple and useful tool to determine the degree of preparedness for match play during a congested period in professional soccer.
KW  - training
KW  - hormones
KW  - overtraining
KW  - overreaching
KW  - recovery
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00835
SN  - 1664-042X
VL  - 11
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Homolka, Walter
A1  - Pryba, Andrzej
T1  - Preparations for marriage in the Jewish and Catholic traditions
JF  - Religions
N2  - In many churches nowadays, there has been a standardized approach to premarital counseling for couples involving social, pastoral, and psychological perspectives. In contrast, many rabbis and other Jewish officials still concentrate on legal aspects alone. The need for resolving important issues on the verge of wedlock is too often left to secular experts in law, psychology, or counseling. However, in recent years, this lack of formal training for marriage preparation has also been acknowledged by the Jewish clergy in order to incorporate it in the preparatory period before the bond is tied. This case study focuses on Jewish and Roman Catholic conceptions of marriage, past and present. We intend to do a comparative analysis of the prerequisites of religious marriage based on the assumption that both Judaism and the Roman Catholic Church have a distinct legal framework to assess marriage preparation.
KW  - Jewish Law
KW  - Marriage Preparations
KW  - Shidduchin
KW  - Counseling
Y1  - 2024
U6  - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15010062
SN  - 2077-1444
VL  - 15
IS  - 62
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Scharnweber, Inga Kristin
A1  - Andersson, Matilda L.
A1  - Chaguaceda, Fernando
A1  - Eklöv, Peter
T1  - Intraspecific differences in metabolic rates shape carbon stable isotope trophic discrimination factors of muscle tissue in the common teleost Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis)
JF  - Ecology and evolution
N2  - Stable isotopes represent a unique approach to provide insights into the ecology of organisms. δ13C and δ15N have specifically been used to obtain information on the trophic ecology and food-web interactions. Trophic discrimination factors (TDF, Δ13C and Δ15N) describe the isotopic fractionation occurring from diet to consumer tissue, and these factors are critical for obtaining precise estimates within any application of δ13C and δ15N values. It is widely acknowledged that metabolism influences TDF, being responsible for different TDF between tissues of variable metabolic activity (e.g., liver vs. muscle tissue) or species body size (small vs. large). However, the connection between the variation of metabolism occurring within a single species during its ontogeny and TDF has rarely been considered. Here, we conducted a 9-month feeding experiment to report Δ13C and Δ15N of muscle and liver tissues for several weight classes of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis), a widespread teleost often studied using stable isotopes, but without established TDF for feeding on a natural diet. In addition, we assessed the relationship between the standard metabolic rate (SMR) and TDF by measuring the oxygen consumption of the individuals. Our results showed a significant negative relationship of SMR with Δ13C, and a significant positive relationship of SMR with Δ15N of muscle tissue, but not with TDF of liver tissue. SMR varies inversely with size, which translated into a significantly different TDF of muscle tissue between size classes. In summary, our results emphasize the role of metabolism in shaping-specific TDF (i.e., Δ13C and Δ15N of muscle tissue) and especially highlight the substantial differences between individuals of different ontogenetic stages within a species. Our findings thus have direct implications for the use of stable isotope data and the applications of stable isotopes in food-web studies.
KW  - fractionation factors
KW  - metabolism
KW  - ontogeny
KW  - standard metabolic rate
KW  - tissue types
KW  - δ13C
KW  - δ15N
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7809
SN  - 2045-7758
VL  - 11
IS  - 14
SP  - 9804
EP  - 9814
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY  - New Jersey
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lever, Fabiano
A1  - Mayer, Dennis
A1  - Metje, Jan
A1  - Alisauskas, Skirmantas
A1  - Calegari, Francesca
A1  - Düsterer, Stefan
A1  - Feifel, Raimund
A1  - Niebuhr, Mario
A1  - Manschwetus, Bastian
A1  - Kuhlmann, Marion
A1  - Mazza, Tommaso
A1  - Robinson, Matthew Scott
A1  - Squibb, Richard J.
A1  - Trabattoni, Andrea
A1  - Wallner, Måns
A1  - Wolf, Thomas J. A.
A1  - Gühr, Markus
T1  - Core-level spectroscopy of 2-thiouracil at the sulfur L1 and L2,3 edges utilizing a SASE free-electron-laser
JF  - Molecules
N2  - In this paper, we report X-ray absorption and core-level electron spectra of the nucleobase derivative 2-thiouracil at the sulfur L1- and L2,3-edges. We used soft X-rays from the free-electron laser FLASH2 for the excitation of isolated molecules and dispersed the outgoing electrons with a magnetic bottle spectrometer. We identified photoelectrons from the 2p core orbital, accompanied by an electron correlation satellite, as well as resonant and non-resonant Coster–Kronig and Auger–Meitner emission at the L1- and L2,3-edges, respectively. We used the electron yield to construct X-ray absorption spectra at the two edges. The experimental data obtained are put in the context of the literature currently available on sulfur core-level and 2-thiouracil spectroscopy.
KW  - X-ray
KW  - photoelectron
KW  - sulfur
KW  - thiouracil
KW  - nucleobases
KW  - Coster–Kronig
KW  - Auger–Meitner
KW  - NEXAFS
KW  - FLASH
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216469
SN  - 1420-3049
VL  - 26
IS  - 21
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dech, Silas
A1  - Bittmann, Frank
A1  - Schaefer, Laura
T1  - Muscle oxygenation level might trigger the regulation of capillary venous blood filling during fatiguing isometric muscle actions
JF  - Diagnostics
N2  - The regulation of oxygen and blood supply during isometric muscle actions is still unclear. Recently, two behavioral types of oxygen saturation (SvO2) and relative hemoglobin amount (rHb) in venous microvessels were described during a fatiguing holding isometric muscle action (HIMA) (type I: nearly parallel behavior of SvO2 and rHb; type II: partly inverse behavior). The study aimed to ascertain an explanation of these two regulative behaviors. Twelve subjects performed one fatiguing HIMA trial with each arm by weight holding at 60% of the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) in a 90° elbow flexion. Six subjects additionally executed one fatiguing PIMA trial by pulling on an immovable resistance with 60% of the MVIC with each side and same position. Both regulative types mentioned were found during HIMA (I: n = 7, II: n = 17) and PIMA (I: n = 3, II: n = 9). During the fatiguing measurements, rHb decreased initially and started to increase in type II at an average SvO2-level of 58.75 ± 2.14%. In type I, SvO2 never reached that specific value during loading. This might indicate the existence of a threshold around 59% which seems to trigger the increase in rHb and could explain the two behavioral types. An approach is discussed to meet the apparent incompatibility of an increased capillary blood filling (rHb) despite high intramuscular pressures which were found by other research groups during isometric muscle actions.
KW  - muscle oxygen saturation
KW  - hemoglobin amount
KW  - isometric muscle action
KW  - O2C spectrophotometer
KW  - capillary recruitment
KW  - blood flow
KW  - holding isometric muscle action (HIMA)
KW  - pulling isometric muscle action (PIMA)
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11111973
SN  - 2075-4418
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
A1  - Bahr, André
A1  - Stepanek, Christian
A1  - Catunda, Maria Carolina Amorim
A1  - Karas, Cyrus
A1  - Ziegler, Martin
A1  - García-Gallardo, Ángela
A1  - Grunert, Patrick
T1  - Mediterranean heat injection to the North Atlantic delayed the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciations
JF  - Communications Earth & Environment
N2  - The intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciations at the end of the Pliocene epoch marks one of the most substantial climatic shifts of the Cenozoic. Despite global cooling, sea surface temperatures in the high latitude North Atlantic Ocean rose between 2.9–2.7 million years ago. Here we present sedimentary geochemical proxy data from the Gulf of Cadiz to reconstruct the variability of Mediterranean Outflow Water, an important heat source to the North Atlantic. We find evidence for enhanced production of Mediterranean Outflow from the mid-Pliocene to the late Pliocene which we infer could have driven a sub-surface heat channel into the high-latitude North Atlantic. We then use Earth System Models to constrain the impact of enhanced Mediterranean Outflow production on the northward heat transport in the North Atlantic. In accord with the proxy data, the numerical model results support the formation of a sub-surface channel that pumped heat from the subtropics into the high latitude North Atlantic. We further suggest that this mechanism could have delayed ice sheet growth at the end of the Pliocene.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00232-5
SN  - 2662-4435
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Seelig, Stefan
A1  - Risse, Sarah
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
T1  - Predictive modeling of parafoveal information processing during reading
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - Skilled reading requires information processing of the fixated and the not-yet-fixated words to generate precise control of gaze. Over the last 30 years, experimental research provided evidence that word processing is distributed across the perceptual span, which permits recognition of the fixated (foveal) word as well as preview of parafoveal words to the right of fixation. However, theoretical models have been unable to differentiate the specific influences of foveal and parafoveal information on saccade control. Here we show how parafoveal word difficulty modulates spatial and temporal control of gaze in a computational model to reproduce experimental results. In a fully Bayesian framework, we estimated model parameters for different models of parafoveal processing and carried out large-scale predictive simulations and model comparisons for a gaze-contingent reading experiment. We conclude that mathematical modeling of data from gaze-contingent experiments permits the precise identification of pathways from parafoveal information processing to gaze control, uncovering potential mechanisms underlying the parafoveal contribution to eye-movement control.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92140-z
SN  - 2045-2322
VL  - 11
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Musculus, Lisa
A1  - Tünte, Markus R.
A1  - Raab, Markus
A1  - Kayhan, Ezgi
T1  - An embodied cognition perspective on the role of interoception in the development of the minimal self
JF  - Frontiers in Psychology
N2  - Interoception is an often neglected but crucial aspect of the human minimal self. In this perspective, we extend the embodiment account of interoceptive inference to explain the development of the minimal self in humans. To do so, we first provide a comparative overview of the central accounts addressing the link between interoception and the minimal self. Grounding our arguments on the embodiment framework, we propose a bidirectional relationship between motor and interoceptive states, which jointly contribute to the development of the minimal self. We present empirical findings on interoception in development and discuss the role of interoception in the development of the minimal self. Moreover, we make theoretical predictions that can be tested in future experiments. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive view on the mechanisms underlying the minimal self by explaining the role of interoception in the development of the minimal self.
KW  - interoception
KW  - development of minimal self
KW  - cardioception
KW  - embodied cognition
KW  - bodily self
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.716950
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 12
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Julien, Bärenzung
A1  - Matthias, Holschneider
A1  - Saynisch-Wagner, Jan
A1  - Thomas, Maik
T1  - Kalmag: a high spatio-temporal model of the geomagnetic field
JF  - Earth, planets and space
N2  - We present the extension of the Kalmag model, proposed as a candidate for IGRF-13, to the twentieth century. 
The dataset serving its derivation has been complemented by new measurements coming from satellites, ground-based observatories and land, marine and airborne surveys. 
As its predecessor, this version is derived from a combination of a Kalman filter and a smoothing algorithm, providing mean models and associated uncertainties. These quantities permit a precise estimation of locations where mean solutions can be considered as reliable or not. 
The temporal resolution of the core field and the secular variation was set to 0.1 year over the 122 years the model is spanning. 
Nevertheless, it can be shown through ensembles a posteriori sampled, that this resolution can be effectively achieved only by a limited amount of spatial scales and during certain time periods. 
Unsurprisingly, highest accuracy in both space and time of the core field and the secular variation is achieved during the CHAMP and Swarm era. In this version of Kalmag, a particular effort was made for resolving the small-scale lithospheric field. 
Under specific statistical assumptions, the latter was modeled up to spherical harmonic degree and order 1000, and signal from both satellite and survey measurements contributed to its development. 
External and induced fields were jointly estimated with the rest of the model. We show that their large scales could be accurately extracted from direct measurements whenever the latter exhibit a sufficiently high temporal coverage. 
Temporally resolving these fields down to 3 hours during the CHAMP and Swarm missions, gave us access to the link between induced and magnetospheric fields. In particular, the period dependence of the driving signal on the induced one could be directly observed. 
The model is available through various physical and statistical quantities on a dedicated website at https://ionocovar.agnld.uni-potsdam.de/Kalmag/.
KW  - geomagnetic field
KW  - lithospheric field
KW  - secular variation
KW  - magnetospheric field
KW  - induced field
KW  - assimilation
KW  - Kalman filter
KW  - machine learning
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-022-01692-5
SN  - 1880-5981
VL  - 74
IS  - 1
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Cahsan, Binia De
A1  - Kiemel, Katrin
A1  - Westbury, Michael V.
A1  - Lauritsen, Maike
A1  - Autenrieth, Marijke
A1  - Gollmann, Günter
A1  - Schweiger, Silke
A1  - Stenberg, Marika
A1  - Nyström, Per
A1  - Drews, Hauke
A1  - Tiedemann, Ralph
T1  - Southern introgression increases adaptive immune gene variability in northern range margin populations of Fire-bellied toad
JF  - Ecology and Evolution
N2  - Northern range margin populations of the European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) have rapidly declined during recent decades. Extensive agricultural land use has fragmented the landscape, leading to habitat disruption and loss, as well as eutrophication of ponds. In Northern Germany (Schleswig-Holstein) and Southern Sweden (Skåne), this population decline resulted in decreased gene flow from surrounding populations, low genetic diversity, and a putative reduction in adaptive potential, leaving populations vulnerable to future environmental and climatic changes. Previous studies using mitochondrial control region and nuclear transcriptome-wide SNP data detected introgressive hybridization in multiple northern B. bombina populations after unreported release of toads from Austria. Here, we determine the impact of this introgression by comparing the body conditions (proxy for fitness) of introgressed and nonintrogressed populations and the genetic consequences in two candidate genes for putative local adaptation (the MHC II gene as part of the adaptive immune system and the stress response gene HSP70 kDa). We detected regional differences in body condition and observed significantly elevated levels of within individual MHC allele counts in introgressed Swedish populations, associated with a tendency toward higher body weight, relative to regional nonintrogressed populations. These differences were not observed among introgressed and nonintrogressed German populations. Genetic diversity in both MHC and HSP was generally lower in northern than Austrian populations. Our study sheds light on the potential benefits of translocations of more distantly related conspecifics as a means to increase adaptive genetic variability and fitness of genetically depauperate range margin populations without distortion of local adaptation.
KW  - Bombina bombina
KW  - heat shock protein
KW  - introgression
KW  - major histocompatibility complex
KW  - scaled mass index
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7805
SN  - 2045-7758
VL  - 11
IS  - 14
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY  - New Jersey
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Malchow, Anne-Kathleen
A1  - Bocedi, Greta
A1  - Palmer, Stephen C. F.
A1  - Travis, Justin M. J.
A1  - Zurell, Damaris
T1  - RangeShiftR: an R package for individual-based simulation of spatial eco-evolutionary dynamics and speciesu0027 responses to environmental changes
JF  - Ecography
N2  - Reliably modelling the demographic and distributional responses of a species to environmental changes can be crucial for successful conservation and management planning. Process-based models have the potential to achieve this goal, but so far they remain underused for predictions of species' distributions. Individual-based models offer the additional capability to model inter-individual variation and evolutionary dynamics and thus capture adaptive responses to environmental change. We present RangeShiftR, an R implementation of a flexible individual-based modelling platform which simulates eco-evolutionary dynamics in a spatially explicit way. The package provides flexible and fast simulations by making the software RangeShifter available for the widely used statistical programming platform R. The package features additional auxiliary functions to support model specification and analysis of results. We provide an outline of the package's functionality, describe the underlying model structure with its main components and present a short example. RangeShiftR offers substantial model complexity, especially for the demographic and dispersal processes. It comes with elaborate tutorials and comprehensive documentation to facilitate learning the software and provide help at all levels. As the core code is implemented in C++, the computations are fast. The complete source code is published under a public licence, making adaptations and contributions feasible. The RangeShiftR package facilitates the application of individual-based and mechanistic modelling to eco-evolutionary questions by operating a flexible and powerful simulation model from R. It allows effortless interoperation with existing packages to create streamlined workflows that can include data preparation, integrated model specification and results analysis. Moreover, the implementation in R strengthens the potential for coupling RangeShiftR with other models.
KW  - connectivity
KW  - conservation
KW  - dispersal
KW  - evolution
KW  - population dynamics
KW  - range dynamics
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05689
SN  - 1600-0587
VL  - 44
IS  - 10
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY  - New Jersey
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Cahsan, Binia De
A1  - Westbury, Michael V.
A1  - Paraskevopoulou, Sofia
A1  - Drews, Hauke
A1  - Ott, Moritz
A1  - Gollmann, Günter
A1  - Tiedemann, Ralph
T1  - Genomic consequences of human-mediated translocations in margin populations of an endangered amphibian
JF  - Evolutionary Applications
N2  - Due to their isolated and often fragmented nature, range margin populations are especially vulnerable to rapid environmental change. To maintain genetic diversity and adaptive potential, gene flow from disjunct populations might therefore be crucial to their survival. Translocations are often proposed as a mitigation strategy to increase genetic diversity in threatened populations. However, this also includes the risk of losing locally adapted alleles through genetic swamping. Human-mediated translocations of southern lineage specimens into northern German populations of the endangered European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) provide an unexpected experimental set-up to test the genetic consequences of an intraspecific introgression from central population individuals into populations at the species range margin. Here, we utilize complete mitochondrial genomes and transcriptome nuclear data to reveal the full genetic extent of this translocation and the consequences it may have for these populations. We uncover signs of introgression in four out of the five northern populations investigated, including a number of introgressed alleles ubiquitous in all recipient populations, suggesting a possible adaptive advantage. Introgressed alleles dominate at the MTCH2 locus, associated with obesity/fat tissue in humans, and the DSP locus, essential for the proper development of epidermal skin in amphibians. Furthermore, we found loci where local alleles were retained in the introgressed populations, suggesting their relevance for local adaptation. Finally, comparisons of genetic diversity between introgressed and nonintrogressed northern German populations revealed an increase in genetic diversity in all German individuals belonging to introgressed populations, supporting the idea of a beneficial transfer of genetic variation from Austria into North Germany.
KW  - adaptive introgression
KW  - admixture
KW  - Bombina bombina
KW  - genetic rescue
KW  - mitogenomes
KW  - transcriptomics
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13229
SN  - 1752-4563
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY  - New Jersey
ER  -