TY - JOUR A1 - Langary, Damoun A1 - Küken, Anika A1 - Nikoloski, Zoran T1 - The effective deficiency of biochemical networks JF - Scientific reports N2 - The deficiency of a (bio)chemical reaction network can be conceptually interpreted as a measure of its ability to support exotic dynamical behavior and/or multistationarity. The classical definition of deficiency relates to the capacity of a network to permit variations of the complex formation rate vector at steady state, irrespective of the network kinetics. However, the deficiency is by definition completely insensitive to the fine details of the directionality of reactions as well as bounds on reaction fluxes. While the classical definition of deficiency can be readily applied in the analysis of unconstrained, weakly reversible networks, it only provides an upper bound in the cases where relevant constraints on reaction fluxes are imposed. Here we propose the concept of effective deficiency, which provides a more accurate assessment of the network’s capacity to permit steady state variations at the complex level for constrained networks of any reversibility patterns. The effective deficiency relies on the concept of nonstoichiometric balanced complexes, which we have already shown to be present in real-world biochemical networks operating under flux constraints. Our results demonstrate that the effective deficiency of real-world biochemical networks is smaller than the classical deficiency, indicating the effects of reaction directionality and flux bounds on the variation of the complex formation rate vector at steady state. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41767-1 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 13 PB - Springer Nature CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sammoud, Senda A1 - Bouguezzi, Raja A1 - Uthoff, Aaron A1 - Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo A1 - Moran, Jason A1 - Negra, Yassine A1 - Hachana, Younes A1 - Chaabene, Helmi T1 - The effects of backward vs. forward running training on measures of physical fitness in young female handball players JF - Frontiers in sports and active living N2 - Introduction This study examined the effects of an 8-week backward running (BR) vs. forward running (FR) training programmes on measures of physical fitness in young female handball players. Methods Twenty-nine players participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to a FR training group, BR training group, and a control group. Results and discussion Within-group analysis indicated significant, small-to-large improvements in all performance tests (effect size [g] = 0.36 to 1.80), except 5-m forward sprint-time in the BR group and 5- and 10-m forward sprint-time in the FR group. However, the CG significantly decreased forward sprint performance over 10-m and 20-m (g = 0.28 to 0.50) with no changes in the other fitness parameters. No significant differences in the amount of change scores between the BR and FR groups were noted. Both training interventions have led to similar improvements in measures of muscle power, change of direction (CoD) speed, sprint speed either forward or backward, and repeated sprint ability (RSA) in young female handball players, though BR training may have a small advantage over FR training for 10-m forward sprint time and CoD speed, while FR training may provide small improvements over BR training for RSAbest. Practitioners are advised to consider either FR or BR training to improve various measures of physical fitness in young female handball players. KW - team sports KW - athletic performance KW - motor activity KW - youth sports KW - sports medicine Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1244369 SN - 2624-9367 VL - 5 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Quarmby, Andrew A1 - Zhang, Martin A1 - Geisler, Moritz A1 - Javorsky, Tomas A1 - Mugele, Hendrik A1 - Cassel, Michael A1 - Lawley, Justin T1 - Risk factors and injury prevention strategies for overuse injuries in adult climbers BT - a systematic review JF - Frontiers in sports and active living N2 - Introduction Climbing is an increasingly popular activity and imposes specific physiological demands on the human body, which results in unique injury presentations. Of particular concern are overuse injuries (non-traumatic injuries). These injuries tend to present in the upper body and might be preventable with adequate knowledge of risk factors which could inform about injury prevention strategies. Research in this area has recently emerged but has yet to be synthesized comprehensively. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the potential risk factors and injury prevention strategies for overuse injuries in adult climbers. Methods This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Databases were searched systematically, and articles were deemed eligible based upon specific criteria. Research included was original and peer-reviewed, involving climbers, and published in English, German or Czech. Outcomes included overuse injury, and at least one or more variable indicating potential risk factors or injury prevention strategies. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed with the Downs and Black Quality Index. Data were extracted from included studies and reported descriptively for population, climbing sport type, study design, injury definition and incidence/prevalence, risk factors, and injury prevention strategies. Results Out of 1,183 records, a total of 34 studies were included in the final analysis. Higher climbing intensity, bouldering, reduced grip/finger strength, use of a “crimp” grip, and previous injury were associated with an increased risk of overuse injury. Additionally, a strength training intervention prevented shoulder and elbow injuries. BMI/body weight, warm up/cool downs, stretching, taping and hydration were not associated with risk of overuse injury. The evidence for the risk factors of training volume, age/years of climbing experience, and sex was conflicting. Discussion This review presents several risk factors which appear to increase the risk of overuse injury in climbers. Strength and conditioning, load management, and climbing technique could be targeted in injury prevention programs, to enhance the health and wellbeing of climbing athletes. Further research is required to investigate the conflicting findings reported across included studies, and to investigate the effectiveness of injury prevention programs. Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, PROSPERO (CRD42023404031). KW - climbing KW - bouldering KW - overuse injuries KW - risk factors KW - injury prevention KW - systematic reveiw KW - climbing injuries Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1269870 SN - 2624-9367 VL - 5 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Keller, Sebastian A1 - Notbohm, Hannah Lisa A1 - Bloch, Wilhelm A1 - Schumann, Moritz T1 - Reduced serum concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species following strenuous exercise in the heat are not associated with an upregulation in serum antioxidative capacity JF - Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity N2 - Introduction: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced as a response to exercise and play a part in guiding the adaptive response to physical training. Exercise in the heat has been shown to further increase accumulation of RONS in systemic circulation; however, a high antioxidative response or heat acclimatization mechanisms could attenuate this response. In a previous study, we found reduced RONS concentrations in trained athletes following strenuous cycling in the heat. Therefore, this secondary analysis assessed whether these reduced RONS serum concentrations are induced by an increased serum antioxidant capacity. Methods: Twelve male cyclists (V?O2peak: 60 +/- 4 ml center dot kg-1 center dot min-1) completed a 60-minute constant workload trial (55% peak power output, ambient temperature 30.4 +/- 0.6 degrees C) with and without ice vest in a randomized order. The core body temperature (Tcore) was measured by an ingestible capsule. Blood samples were collected before and after each trial to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and RONS. Due to the absence of between-group differences, data of both conditions were pooled. Results: Tcore statistically increased (p < 0.001) over the experimental trials (+6.0 +/- 1.6%, effect size (ES) = 5.6). Concentrations of RONS (-17.2 +/- 15.5%, p < 0.001, ES = 1.0) and TAC (-8.9 +/- 22.9%, p = 0.04, ES = 0.7) statistically decreased, while the activity of CAT (+15.5 +/- 84.0%, p = 0.90, ES = 0.04) and SOD (+9.2 +/- 58.7%, p = 0.98, ES = 0.01) remained unchanged. Conclusions: Reduced serum RONS concentrations after strenuous cycling in the heat were not associated with upregulation of serum antioxidant capacity in trained athletes. The prooxidant-antioxidant balance may rather be regulated at a myocellular level and should be further assessed in future studies. KW - total antioxidant KW - capacity KW - antioxidants KW - catalase KW - reactive oxygen KW - species KW - superoxide dismutase KW - sports medicine Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.29359/BJHPA.14.4.03 SN - 2080-9999 VL - 14 IS - 4 PB - Gda`nsk Academy; Versita, Warsaw CY - Gdansk ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steirou, Eva A1 - Gerlitz, Lars A1 - Sun, Xun A1 - Apel, Heiko A1 - Agarwal, Ankit A1 - Totz, Sonja Juliana A1 - Merz, Bruno T1 - Towards seasonal forecasting of flood probabilities in Europe using climate and catchment information JF - Scientific reports N2 - We investigate whether the distribution of maximum seasonal streamflow is significantly affected by catchment or climate state of the season/month ahead. We fit the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution to extreme seasonal streamflow for around 600 stations across Europe by conditioning the GEV location and scale parameters on 14 indices, which represent the season-ahead climate or catchment state. The comparison of these climate-informed models with the classical GEV distribution, with time-constant parameters, suggests that there is a substantial potential for seasonal forecasting of flood probabilities. The potential varies between seasons and regions. Overall, the season-ahead catchment wetness shows the highest potential, although climate indices based on large-scale atmospheric circulation, sea surface temperature or sea ice concentration also show some skill for certain regions and seasons. Spatially coherent patterns and a substantial fraction of climate-informed models are promising signs towards early alerts to increase flood preparedness already a season ahead. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16633-1 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 12 IS - 1 PB - Nature portfolio CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brinkmann, Maik T1 - Relevance of public administrations BT - visualization of shifting power relations in blockchain-based public service delivery T2 - Proceedings of the 54th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2021 N2 - Power relations within the area of blockchain governance are complex by definition and a comprehensive analysis that links technological and institutional elements is missing to date. The research that is presented with this article focuses on the visualization of the shifting power relations with the introduction of blockchain. For this purpose, the analysis leverages an adjusted version of the multi-stakeholder influence mapping tool. The analysis considers the various stakeholders within the multi-layered blockchain technology stack and compares three fundamental blockchain scenarios, including public and private blockchain settings. The findings show that public administrations face indeed less power with the introduction of blockchain, while new stakeholders come into play who wield influence rather uncontrolled. Nonetheless, public administrations are not powerless overall and remain influential stakeholders. This paper concludes that blockchain governance is not as democratic as blockchain enthusiasts tend to argue and derives corresponding opportunities for further research. KW - Emerging Topics in Digital Government KW - blockchain KW - influence mapping KW - power relations KW - stakeholder analysis KW - visualization Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-0-9981331-4-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2021.285 PB - University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa CY - Honolulu, HI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shabbat, Maya T1 - Heimweh BT - the torn identity of Lemberg-Lwów’s intellectual Jewry JF - Quest : issues in contemporary Jewish history N2 - The concept of Heimweh conveys a set of emotions and images that have been described in different ways in different languages. This article intends to analyze the Heimweh experienced by Galician intellectual Jewry during the process of linguistic and cultural change that took place from 1867 until the mid.-1880s. This will be discussed while focusing on the urban intelligentsia circles in Lemberg (Lviv), which had a tremendous influence on some Galician Jewish intellectuals during that period. I will analyze the nature of a clash of identities that eventually brought some of the urban intelligentsia in Lemberg to consider themselves as living a "Spiritual" or "linguistic exile"(Sprachexil), regardless of whether they had migrated or not. Longing for the homeland as a nostalgic destination, whether they referred to it as Heimat or Ojczyzna, and whether they called it Lemberg or Lwow, was longing to be part of a group holding a distinct Kultur or Kultura, a set of values, culture and language, which coexisted with their Jewish identity. KW - Galicia KW - Immigration KW - Urbanization KW - Center and Periphery KW - Modern Jewry Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48248/issn.2037-741X/13095 SN - 2037-741X IS - 20 SP - 109 EP - 139 PB - Fondazione Centro di Documentazione Ebraica Contemporanea CY - Milano ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wyrwa, Ulrich T1 - Rezension zu: Brenner, Michael: Der lange Schatten der Revolution : Juden und Antisemiten in Hitlers München 1918 bis 1923. - Berlin: Jüdischer Verlag im Suhrkamp Verlag, 2019. - 300 S. - ISBN 978-3-633-54295-6 JF - Quest : issues in contemporary Jewish history Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48248/issn.2037-741X/1842 SN - 2037-741X IS - 17 SP - 222 EP - 225 PB - Fondazione Centro di Documentazione Ebraica Contemporanea CY - Milano ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wyrwa, Ulrich T1 - Review of: Music for the "Axis". German-Italian music relations under Hitler and Mussolini until 1943 JF - Quest : issues in contemporary Jewish history Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.quest-cdecjournal.it/musik-fur-die-achse-deutsch-italienische-musikbeziehungen-und-hitler-und-mussolini-bis-1943/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.48248/issn.2037-741X/13762 SN - 2037-741X IS - 22 SP - 222 EP - 225 PB - Fondazione Centro Documentazione Ebraica Contemporanea CY - Milano ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Woodfield, Emma E. A1 - Horne, Richard B. A1 - Glauert, S. A. A1 - Menietti, J. D. A1 - Shprits, Yuri A1 - Kurth, William S. T1 - Formation of electron radiation belts at Saturn by Z-mode wave acceleration JF - Nature Communications N2 - At Saturn electrons are trapped in the planet’s magnetic field and accelerated to relativistic energies to form the radiation belts, but how this dramatic increase in electron energy occurs is still unknown. Until now the mechanism of radial diffusion has been assumed but we show here that in-situ acceleration through wave particle interactions, which initial studies dismissed as ineffectual at Saturn, is in fact a vital part of the energetic particle dynamics there. We present evidence from numerical simulations based on Cassini spacecraft data that a particular plasma wave, known as Z-mode, accelerates electrons to MeV energies inside 4 RS (1 RS = 60,330 km) through a Doppler shifted cyclotron resonant interaction. Our results show that the Z-mode waves observed are not oblique as previously assumed and are much better accelerators than O-mode waves, resulting in an electron energy spectrum that closely approaches observed values without any transport effects included. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07549-4 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 9 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER -