TY - CHAP A1 - Franzke, Jochen ED - Nunes Silva, Carlos T1 - German local authorities in the COVID-19 pandemic BT - challenges, impacts and adaptations T2 - Local government and the COVID-19 pandemic N2 - This study evaluates the challenges, institutional impacts and responses of German local authorities to the COVID-19 pandemic from a political science point of view. The main research question is how they have contributed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and to what extent the strengths and weaknesses of the German model of municipal autonomy have influenced their policy. It analyses the adaptation strategies of German local authorities and assesses the effectiveness of their actions up to now. Their implementation is then evaluated in five selected issues, e.g. adjustment organization and staff, challenges for local finances, local politics and citizen’s participation. This analysis is reflecting the scientific debate in Germany since the beginning of 2020, based on the available analyses of political science, law, economics, sociology and geography until end of March 2021. KW - Germany KW - municipalities KW - COVID-19 pandemic KW - resilience KW - coordination KW - administration KW - local and urban governance KW - local politics KW - local finance KW - local community Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-030-91111-9 SN - 978-3-030-91112-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91112-6_6 SP - 131 EP - 154 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Franzke, Jochen A1 - Kuhlmann, Sabine T1 - German local authorities coping with the Covid-19 pandemic BT - capacities and autonomy under stress T2 - L’ administration locale face à la crise sanitaire Y1 - 2021 SN - 9782281134964 SN - 9782281134957 SP - 257 EP - 272 PB - Éditions Le Moniteur CY - Antony ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Friedrich, Sven A1 - Schneidenbach, Lars A1 - Schnor, Bettina T1 - SLIBNet : Server Load Balancing for InfiniBand Networks N2 - Today, InfiniBand is an evolving high speed interconnect technology to build high performance computing clusters, that achieve top 10 rankings in the current top 500 of the worldwide fastest supercomputers. Network interfaces (called host channel adapters) provide transport layer services over connections and datagrams in reliable or unreliable manner. Additionally, InfiniBand supports remote direct memory access (RDMA) primitives that allow for one- sided communication. Using server load balancing together with a high performance cluster makes it possible to build a fast, scalable, and reliable service infrastructure. We have designed and implemented a scalable load balancer for InfiniBand clusters called SLIBNet. Our investigations show that the InfiniBand architecture offers features which perfectly support load balancing. We want to thank the Megware Computer GmbH for providing us an InfiniBand switch to realize a server load balancing testbed. Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fuhr, Harald ED - Rüland, Jürgen ED - Carrapatoso, Astrid T1 - Development thinking and practice BT - from carbon-led growth to low-carbon development T2 - Handbook on global governance and regionalism N2 - After some seventy years of intensive debates, there is an increasingly strong consensus within the academic and practitioner communities that development is both an objective and a process towards improving the quality of people's lives in various societal dimensions – economic, social, environmental, cultural and political – and about how subjectively satisfied they are with it. Since 2015, the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations (UN) reflect such consensus. The sections behind this argument are based on a review of (i) three key theoretical contributions to development and different phases of development thinking; (ii) global and regional governance arrangements and institutions for development cooperation; (iii) upcoming challenges to development policy and practice stemming from a series of new global challenges; and, (iv) development policy as a long and steady, increasingly global and participatory learning process. KW - aid KW - development KW - dependency KW - modernization KW - post-development Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-80037-755-4 SN - 978-1-80037-756-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800377561.00037 SP - 365 EP - 380 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing CY - Cheltenham, UK ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Féry, Caroline A1 - Fanselow, Gisbert A1 - Paslawska, Alla T1 - Nominal Split Construction in Ukrainian Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Gagrčin, Emilija A1 - Schaetz, Nadja A1 - Rakowski, Niklas A1 - Toth, Roland A1 - Renz, André A1 - Vladova, Gergana A1 - Emmer, Martin T1 - We and AI BT - living in a datafied world : experiences & attitudes of young Europeans KW - sociology & anthropology KW - technology (applied sciences) KW - sociology of science KW - sociology of technology KW - research on science and technology KW - technology assessment KW - artificial intelligence KW - digitalization KW - educational technology KW - decision making KW - data security KW - monitoring KW - data protection KW - automation KW - Europe KW - attitude KW - young adult KW - technological change KW - new technology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34669/wi/1 PB - Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society - the German Internet CY - Berlin ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gauthier, P. M. A1 - Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich T1 - A covering proberty of the Riemann zeta-funktion T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2004 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Geiß, Robin A1 - Li, Yao ED - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Terje, Einarsen T1 - Article 44 1951 Convention/Article IX 1967 Protocol T2 - The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol N2 - This chapter examines the extent of the 1951 Convention's Article 44 and the 1967 Protocol's Article IX. It starts with identifying the standard denunciation clause in Article 44 and Article IX. Multilateral treaties of unlimited duration allow States parties an unconditional right to withdraw. A denunciation releases the denouncing party from any obligation further to perform the treaty in relation to the other parties of the 1967 Protocol. The chapter clarifies that denunciation or withdrawal expresses the same legal concept since it is a procedure initiated unilaterally by a State that wants to terminate its legal engagements under a treaty. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001/law-9780192855114-chapter-66 SN - 978-0-19-285511-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001 SP - 1791 EP - 1796 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ET - Second edition ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Geiß, Robin A1 - Li, Yao ED - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Terje, Einarsen T1 - Article 43 1951 Convention/Article VIII 1967 Protocol T2 - The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol N2 - This chapter tackles the analysis and function of Article 43 of the 1951 Convention and Article VIII of the 1967 Protocol. It explains that a multilateral treaty can be enforced when met with necessary conditions, such as the Article 24 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT). The provision also regulates the 1951 Convention's entry into force of States' ratification or accession. The chapter notes that the 1967 Protocol entered into force after Sweden deposited its instrument of accession. It elaborates on the specific details needed for the ratification or accession prior to the entry into force. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001/law-9780192855114-chapter-65 SN - 978-0-19-285511-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001 SP - 1787 EP - 1790 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ET - Second edition ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Geiß, Robin A1 - Li, Yao ED - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Terje, Einarsen T1 - Article 46 1951 Convention/Article X 1967 Protocol T2 - The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol N2 - This chapter focuses on Article 46 of the 1951 Convention and Article X of the 1967 Protocol. It explains the depository of a treaty playing an essential procedural role in ensuring the smooth operation of a multilateral treaty. Article 46 enumerates the Secretary-General's function as a depositary performed by the Treaty Section of the Office of Legal Affairs in the United Nations Secretariat. Similarly, Article X confirms and details the Secretary-General's designation and role as depositary of the 1967 Protocol. The chapter mentions that the enumeration of Article X's depositary notification is exemplary instead of conclusive. It examines the depositoary notifications of declarations, signatures, and researvations under Article 46 and Article X. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001/law-9780192855114-chapter-68 SN - 978-0-19-285511-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001 SP - 1813 EP - 1818 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ET - Second edition ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Geiß, Robin A1 - Li, Yao ED - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Terje, Einarsen T1 - Testimonium 1951 Convention/Article XI 1967 Protocol T2 - The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol N2 - This chapter covers the function of Testimonium to the 1951 Convention and Article XI of the 1967 Protocol. It looks into the relevance of the 1951 Convetion's testimonium. The testimonium primarily focuses on the Convetion's authentic languages, regulation of deposition, and certified true copies being delivered to all members of the UN and non-member States. On the other hand, Article XI contains the standard procedures for regulating the deposition of a copy of the 1967 Protocol in the Secretariat of the United Nations and foreseeing the transmission of certified copies thereof by the Secretary general. The chapter mentions how both elements are not commonly explicitly indicated in modern treaties. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001/law-9780192855114-chapter-69 SN - 978-0-19-285511-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001 SP - 1819 EP - 1824 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ET - Second edition ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Geiß, Robin A1 - Li, Yao ED - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Terje, Einarsen T1 - Article 39 1951 Convention/Article V 1967 Protocol T2 - The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol N2 - This chapter looks into the 1951 Convention's Article 39 and the 1967 Protocol's Article V. In 2000, the Secretary-General identified the 1951 Convention as belonging to a core group of 25 multilateral treaties representative of the key objectives of the UN and the spirit of its Charter. Additionally, the rules found in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT) apply to the 1951 Convention as a matter of customary international law. On the other hand, the 1967 Protocol does not amend the 1951 Convention but binds its parties to observe the substantive provisions. The chapter cites that the 1967 Protocol constitutes an independent and complete international instrument that is open not only to the States parties to the 1951 Convention. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001/law-9780192855114-chapter-61 SN - 978-0-19-285511-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001 SP - 1693 EP - 1706 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ET - Second edition ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geißler, Daniel A1 - Charbonnière, Loïc J. A1 - Ziessel, Raymond F. A1 - Löhmannsröben, Hans-Gerd T1 - Quantum dots as FRET acceptors for highly sensitive multiplexing immunoassays Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gericke, Beate A1 - Koebnick, Corinna A1 - Reimann, Manja A1 - Forterre, Simone A1 - Zunft, Hans-Joachim Franz A1 - Schweigert, Florian J. T1 - Influence of hormone replacement therapy on proteomic pattern in serum of postmenopausal women N2 - Objectives: Proteomics approaches to cardiovascular biology and disease hold the promise of identifying specific proteins and peptides or modification thereof to assist in the identification of novel biomarkers. Method: By using surface-enhanced laser desorption and ionization time of flight mass spectroscopy (SELDI-TOF-MS) serum peptide and protein patterns were detected enabling to discriminate between postmenopausal women with and without hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Results: Serum of 13 HRT and 27 control subjects was analyzed and 42 peptides and proteins could be tentatively identified based on their molecular weight and binding characteristics on the chip surface. By using decision tree-based Biomarker Patterns (TM) Software classification and regression analysis a discriminatory function was developed allowing to distinguish between HRT women and controls correctly and, thus, yielding a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100%. The results show that peptide and protein patterns have the potential to deliver novel biomarkers as well as pinpointing targets for improved treatment. The biomarkers obtained represent a promising tool to discriminate between HRT users and non-users. Conclusion: According to a tentative identification of the markers by their molecular weight and binding characteristics, most of them appear to be part of the inflammation induced acute-phase response. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gil, J. B. A1 - Krainer, Thomas A1 - Mendoza, A. T1 - Geometry and Spectra of closed extensions of elliptic cone operators T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2004 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gil, J. B. A1 - Krainer, Thomas A1 - Mendoza, A. T1 - Resolvents of elliptic cone operators T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2004 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gil, J. B. A1 - Krainer, Thomas A1 - Mendoza, Gerardo A. T1 - On rays of minimal growth for elliptic cone operators T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2006 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gleiß, Alexander T1 - The patient will see you now-towards an understanding of on-demand healthcare T2 - 2020 IEEE 22nd Conference on Business Informatics (CBI) N2 - The increasing prevalence and ubiquity of digital technologies is changing the needs and expectations of patients towards healthcare services. As a result, a plethora of patient-centered services edges into the healthcare market. Since digital technologies bear the potential to surmount barriers in time and space, patients increasingly demand real-time or near-time healthcare services. Amongst a cloud of related concepts in the context of digital health, one term increasingly typifies this impulse: on-demand healthcare. While this term can be noticeably found in practice, there is hardly some theoretical foundation so far. Against this background, the aim of this paper is to address this research gap and to explore the phenomenon of on-demand healthcare. Based on a design-science approach including a literature review and analysis of in-depth interviews and empirical cases, the outcome of this paper is twofold: (1) a conceptual framework and (2) a proposal for a definition of on-demand healthcare. KW - on-demand healthcare KW - digital health KW - mHealth KW - smart health KW - connected health KW - healthcare technologies Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-7281-9926-9 SN - 978-1-7281-9927-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI49978.2020.00024 SP - 154 EP - 161 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gonnermann, Jana A1 - Teichmann, Malte T1 - Influence of pre-experience on learning, usability and cognitive load in a virtual learning environment T2 - Americas conference on information systems N2 - Virtual reality can have advantages for education and learning. However, it must be adequately designed so that the learner benefits from the technological possibilities. Understanding the underlying effects of the virtual learning environment and the learner’s prior experience with virtual reality or prior knowledge of the content is necessary to design a proper virtual learning environment. This article presents a pre-study testing the design of a virtual learning environment for engineering vocational training courses. In the pre-study, 12 employees of two companies joined the training course in one of the two degrees of immersion (desktop VR and VR HMD). Quantitative results on learning success, cognitive load, usability, and motivation and qualitative learning process data were presented. The qualitative data assessment shows that overall, the employees were satisfied with the learning environment regardless of the level of immersion and that the participants asked for more guidance and structure accompanying the learning process. Further research is needed to test for solid group differences. KW - immersion KW - virtual learning environments KW - learner characteristics KW - vocational training KW - cognitive load theory Y1 - 2023 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2023/sig_ed/sig_ed/25/ IS - 1871 PB - AIS CY - Atlanta ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gonnermann-Müller, Jana A1 - Teichmann, Malte ED - Davis, Fred D. ED - Riedl, René ED - vom Brocke, Jan ED - Léger, Pierre-Majorique ED - Randolph, Adriane B. ED - Müller-Putz, Gernot R. T1 - Examining the learner’s cognitive load in response to different learning material in high and low immersive virtual learning environments BT - an eye-tracking study T2 - Information systems and neuroscience N2 - Learning in virtual, immersive environments must be well-designed to foster learning instead of overwhelming and distracting the learner. So far, learning instructions based on cognitive load theory recommend keeping the learning instructions clean and simple to reduce the extraneous cognitive load of the learner to foster learning performance. The advantages of immersive learning, such as multiple options for realistic simulation, movement and feedback, raise questions about the tension between an increase of excitement and flow with highly realistic environments on the one hand and a reduction of cognitive load by developing clean and simple surroundings on the other hand. This study aims to gain insights into learners' cognitive responses during the learning process by continuously assessing cognitive load through eye-tracking. The experiment compares two distinct immersive learning environments and varying methods of content presentation. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-58395-7 SN - 978-3-031-58396-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-58396-4_29 VL - 68 SP - 333 EP - 344 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gosson, Maurice A. de T1 - Symplectic geometry, wigner-weyl-moyal calculus, and quantum mechanics, in phase space ; Part 1 T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2006 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gosson, Maurice A. de T1 - Symplectic geometry, wigner-weyl-moyal calculus, and quantum mechanics, in phase space ; Part 2 T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2006 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gosson, Maurice A. de T1 - Symplectic geometry, wigner-weyl-moyal calculus, and quantum mechanics, in phase space ; Part 3 T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2006 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gosson, Maurice A. de T1 - On the weyl representation of metapletic operators T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2005 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gosson, Maurice A. de T1 - Extended weyl calculus and application to the phase-space scrödinger equation T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2005 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Grohmann, Nils-Hendrik T1 - Strengthening the UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies BT - an analysis of the committees’ legal powers and possibilities for reform BT - eine Analyse der rechtlichen Befugnisse der Ausschüsse und der Möglichkeiten für eine Reform T2 - Jus Internationale et Europaeum N2 - Nils-Hendrik Grohmann beschäftigt sich mit dem noch andauernden Stärkungsprozess der UN-Menschenrechtsvertragsorgane. Er analysiert, welche rechtlichen Befugnisse die Ausschüsse haben, ob sie von sich aus Vorschläge einbringen können und inwieweit sie ihre Verfahrensweisen bisher aufeinander abgestimmt haben. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Zusammenarbeit zwischen den verschiedenen Ausschüssen und der Frage, welche Rolle das Treffen der Vorsitzenden bei der Stärkung spielen kann. T2 - Stärkung der UN-Menschenrechtsvertragsorgane Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-16-162825-2 SN - 978-3-16-162826-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1628/978-3-16-162826-9 SN - 1861-1893 SN - 2568-8464 IS - 202 PB - Mohr Siebeck CY - Tübingen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grohmann, Nils-Hendrik T1 - How to avoid politicised monitoring? BT - treaty-design suggestions for a business and human rights framework convention T2 - Völkerrechtsblog : Der Blog des Arbeitskreis junger Völkerrechtswissenschaftler*innen Y1 - 2022 UR - https://voelkerrechtsblog.org/de/how-to-avoid-politicised-monitoring/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.17176/20220623-153108-0 SN - 2510-2567 PB - M. Riegner c/o Humboldt-Univ CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gronau, Norbert A1 - Fröming, Jane A1 - Schmid, Simone A1 - Rüssbüldt, Uwe T1 - Approach for requirement oriented team building in industrial processes N2 - This contribution presents an approach for requirement oriented team building in industrial processes like product development. This will be based on the knowledge modelling and description language (KMDL(R)) that enables the modelling and analysis of knowledge intensive business processes. First the basic elements of the modelling technique are described, presenting the concept and the description language. Furthermore it is shown how the KMDL(R) process models can be used as a basis for the team building component. Therefore, an algorithm was developed that is able to propose a team composition for a specific task by analyzing the knowledge and skills of the employees, which will be contrasted to the process requirements. This can be used as guidance for team building decisions. Y1 - 2007 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01663615 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2006.09.011 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gronau, Norbert A1 - Teichmann, Malte A1 - Weber, Edzard ED - Shishkov, Boris T1 - Serious game-based haptic modeling BT - an application-oriented approach for sequentially developing new business models from tacit knowledge T2 - Business modeling and software design N2 - The authors propose that while tacit knowledge is a valuable resource for developing new business models, its externalization presents several challenges. One major challenge is that individuals often don’t recognize their tacit knowledge resources, while another is the reluctance to share one’s knowledge with others. Addressing these challenges, the authors present an application-oriented serious game-based haptic modeling approach for externalize tacit knowledge, which can be used to develop the first versions of business models based on tacit knowledge. Both conceptual and practical design fundamentals are presented based on elaborated theoretical approaches, which were developed with the help of a design science approach. The development of the research process is presented step by step, whereby we focused on the high accessibility of the presented research. Practitioners are presented with guidelines for implementing their serious game projects. Scientists benefit from starting points for their research topics of externalization, internalization, and socialization of tacit knowledge, development of business models, and serious games or gamification. The paper concludes with open research desiderata and questions from the presented research process. KW - serious game KW - tacit knowledge KW - business model KW - SECI-model KW - conversion sequences KW - design science Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-36756-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36757-1_3 SP - 32 EP - 55 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gronau, Norbert A1 - Weber, Edzard A1 - Wander, Paul A1 - Ullrich, André ED - Plapper, Peter T1 - A regional remanufacturing network approach BT - modeling and simulation of circular economy processes in the era of industry 4.0 T2 - Digitization of the work environment for sustainable production N2 - Manufacturing companies still have relatively few points of contact with the circular economy. Especially, extending life time of whole products or parts via remanufacturing is an promising approach to reduce waste. However, necessary cost-efficient assessment of the condition of the individual parts is challenging and assessment procedures are technically complex (e.g., scanning and testing procedures). Furthermore, these assessment procedures are usually only available after the disassembly process has been completed. This is where conceptualization, data acquisition and simulation of remanufacturing processes can help. One major constraining aspect of remanufacturing is reducing logistic efforts, since these also have negative external effects on the environment. Thus regionalization is an additional but in the end consequential challenge for remanufacturing. This article aims to fill a gap by providing an regional remanufacturing approach, in particular the design of local remanufacturing chains. Thereby, further focus lies on modeling and simulating alternative courses of action, including feasibility study and eco-nomic assessment. KW - regional network KW - remanufacturing KW - scenario modeling Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-95545-407-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/WGAB_2022_8 SP - 145 EP - 170 PB - GITO Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus ED - Shishkov, Boris T1 - Managing human and artificial knowledge bearers BT - the creation of a symbiotic knowledge management approach T2 - Business modeling and software design : 10th International Symposium, BMSD 2020, Berlin, Germany, July 6-8, 2020, Proceedings N2 - As part of the digitization, the role of artificial systems as new actors in knowledge-intensive processes requires to recognize them as a new form of knowledge bearers side by side with traditional knowledge bearers, such as individuals, groups, organizations. By now, artificial intelligence (AI) methods were used in knowledge management (KM) for knowledge discovery, for the reinterpreting of information, and recent works focus on the studying of different AI technologies implementation for knowledge management, like big data, ontology-based methods and intelligent agents [1]. However, a lack of holistic management approach is present, that considers artificial systems as knowledge bearers. The paper therefore designs a new kind of KM approach, that integrates the technical level of knowledge and manifests as Neuronal KM (NKM). Superimposing traditional KM approaches with the NKM, the Symbiotic Knowledge Management (SKM) is conceptualized furthermore, so that human as well as artificial kinds of knowledge bearers can be managed as symbiosis. First use cases demonstrate the new KM, NKM and SKM approaches in a proof-of-concept and exemplify their differences. KW - knowledge management KW - artificial intelligence KW - neuronal systems KW - design of knowledge-driven systems KW - symbiotic system design Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-030-52305-3 SN - 978-3-030-52306-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52306-0_12 SP - 182 EP - 201 PB - Springer International Publishing AG CY - Cham ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Grum, Marcus T1 - Construction of a concept of neuronal modeling N2 - The business problem of having inefficient processes, imprecise process analyses and simulations as well as non-transparent artificial neuronal network models can be overcome by an easy-to-use modeling concept. With the aim of developing a flexible and efficient approach to modeling, simulating and optimizing processes, this paper proposes a flexible Concept of Neuronal Modeling (CoNM). The modeling concept, which is described by the modeling language designed and its mathematical formulation and is connected to a technical substantiation, is based on a collection of novel sub-artifacts. As these have been implemented as a computational model, the set of CoNM tools carries out novel kinds of Neuronal Process Modeling (NPM), Neuronal Process Simulations (NPS) and Neuronal Process Optimizations (NPO). The efficacy of the designed artifacts was demonstrated rigorously by means of six experiments and a simulator of real industrial production processes. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-658-35998-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35999-7 PB - Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus ED - Shishkov, Boris T1 - Context-aware, intelligent musical instruments for improving knowledge-intensive business processes T2 - Business modeling and software design N2 - With shorter song publication cycles in music industries and a reduced number of physical contact opportunities because of disruptions that may be an obstacle for musicians to cooperate, collaborative time consumption is a highly relevant target factor providing a chance for feedback in contemporary music production processes. This work aims to extend prior research on knowledge transfer velocity by augmenting traditional designs of musical instruments with (I) Digital Twins, (II) Internet of Things and (III) Cyber-Physical System capabilities and consider a new type of musical instrument as a tool to improve knowledge transfers at knowledge-intensive forms of business processes. In a design-science-oriented way, a prototype of a sensitive guitar is constructed as information and cyber-physical system. Findings show that this intelligent SensGuitar increases feedback opportunities. This study establishes the importance of conversion-specific music production processes and novel forms of interactions at guitar playing as drivers of high knowledge transfer velocities in teams and among individuals. KW - business process KW - knowledge transfer KW - CPS KW - prototype Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-031-11509-7 SN - 978-3-031-11510-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11510-3_5 VL - 453 SP - 69 EP - 88 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus ED - Rutkowski, Leszek ED - Scherer, Rafał ED - Korytkowski, Marcin ED - Pedrycz, Witold ED - Tadeusiewicz, Ryszard ED - Zurada, Jacek M. T1 - Learning representations by crystallized back-propagating errors T2 - Artificial intelligence and soft computing N2 - With larger artificial neural networks (ANN) and deeper neural architectures, common methods for training ANN, such as backpropagation, are key to learning success. Their role becomes particularly important when interpreting and controlling structures that evolve through machine learning. This work aims to extend previous research on backpropagation-based methods by presenting a modified, full-gradient version of the backpropagation learning algorithm that preserves (or rather crystallizes) selected neural weights while leaving other weights adaptable (or rather fluid). In a design-science-oriented manner, a prototype of a feedforward ANN is demonstrated and refined using the new learning method. The results show that the so-called crystallizing backpropagation increases the control possibilities of neural structures and interpretation chances, while learning can be carried out as usual. Since neural hierarchies are established because of the algorithm, ANN compartments start to function in terms of cognitive levels. This study shows the importance of dealing with ANN in hierarchies through backpropagation and brings in learning methods as novel ways of interacting with ANN. Practitioners will benefit from this interactive process because they can restrict neural learning to specific architectural components of ANN and can focus further development on specific areas of higher cognitive levels without the risk of destroying valuable ANN structures. KW - artificial neural networks KW - backpropagation KW - knowledge crystallization KW - second-order conditioning KW - cognitive levels KW - NMDL Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-42504-2 SN - 978-3-031-42505-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42505-9_8 SP - 78 EP - 100 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus ED - Shishkov, Boris T1 - Researching multi-site artificial neural networks’ activation rates and activation cycles T2 - Business modeling and software design : 14th International Symposium, BMSD 2024, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, July 1–3, 2024, proceedings N2 - With the further development of more and more production machines into cyber-physical systems, and their greater integration with artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, the coordination of intelligent systems is a highly relevant target factor for the operation and improvement of networked processes, such as they can be found in cross-organizational production contexts spanning multiple distributed locations. This work aims to extend prior research on managing their artificial knowledge transfers as coordination instrument by examining effects of different activation types (respective activation rates and cycles) on by Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-instructed production machines. For this, it provides a new integration type of ANN-based cyber-physical production system as a tool to research artificial knowledge transfers: In a design-science-oriented way, a prototype of a simulation system is constructed as Open Source information system which will be used in on-building research to (I) enable research on ANN activation types in production networks, (II) illustrate ANN-based production networks disrupted by activation types and clarify the need for harmonizing them, and (III) demonstrate conceptual management interventions. This simulator shall establish the importance of site-specific coordination mechanisms and novel forms of management interventions as drivers of efficient artificial knowledge transfer. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-64072-8 SN - 978-3-031-64073-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64073-5_12 SP - 186 EP - 206 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus ED - Shishkov, Boris T1 - Managing multi-site artificial neural networks’ activation rates and activation cycles T2 - Business modeling and software design : 14th International Symposium, BMSD 2024, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, July 1–3, 2024, proceedings N2 - Traditionally, business models and software designs used to model the usage of artificial intelligence (AI) at a very specific point in the process or rather fix implemented application. Since applications can be based on AI, such as networked artificial neural networks (ANN) on top of which applications are installed, these on-top applications can be instructed directly from their underlying ANN compartments [1]. However, with the integration of several AI-based systems, their coordination is a highly relevant target factor for the operation and improvement of networked processes, such as they can be found in cross-organizational production contexts spanning multiple distributed locations. This work aims to extend prior research on managing artificial knowledge transfers among interlinked AIs as coordination instrument by examining effects of different activation types (respective activation rates and cycles) on by ANN-instructed production machines. In a design-science-oriented way, this paper conceptualizes rhythmic state descriptions for dynamic systems and associated 14 experiment designs. Two experiments have been realized, analyzed and evaluated thereafter in regard with their activities and processes induced. Findings show that the simulator [2] used and experiments designed and realized, here, (I) enable research on ANN activation types, (II) illustrate ANN-based production networks disrupted by activation types and clarify the need for harmonizing them. Further, (III) management interventions are derived for harmonizing interlinked ANNs. This study establishes the importance of site-specific coordination mechanisms and novel forms of management interventions as drivers of efficient artificial knowledge transfer. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-64072-8 SN - 978-3-031-64073-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64073-5_17 SP - 258 EP - 269 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus A1 - Blunk, Oliver A1 - Rojahn, Marcel A1 - Fettke, Peter A1 - Gronau, Norbert T1 - Research challenges of knowledge modelling and the outline of a research agenda T2 - Knowledge in digital age : IFKAD 2020 KW - knowledge management KW - process modelling KW - research challenges Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-88-96687-13-0 SN - 2280-787X PB - The Arts of Business Institute CY - Matera, Italy ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus A1 - Gronau, Norbert ED - Shishkov, Boris T1 - Adaptable knowledge-driven information systems improving knowledge transfers BT - design of context-sensitive, AR-enabled furniture assemblies T2 - Business modeling and software design : 10th International Symposium, BMSD 2020, Berlin, Germany, July 6-8, 2020, Proceedings N2 - A growing number of business processes can be characterized as knowledge-intensive. The ability to speed up the transfer of knowledge between any kind of knowledge carriers in business processes with AR techniques can lead to a huge competitive advantage, for instance in manufacturing. This includes the transfer of person-bound knowledge as well as externalized knowledge of physical and virtual objects. The contribution builds on a time-dependent knowledge transfer model and conceptualizes an adaptable, AR-based application. Having the intention to accelerate the speed of knowledge transfers between a manufacturer and an information system, empirical results of an experimentation show the validity of this approach. For the first time, it will be possible to discover how to improve the transfer among knowledge carriers of an organization with knowledge-driven information systems (KDIS). Within an experiment setting, the paper shows how to improve the quantitative effects regarding the quality and amount of time needed for an example manufacturing process realization by an adaptable KDIS. KW - augmented reality KW - knowledge transfers KW - empirical studies KW - context-aware computing KW - adaptable software systems KW - business process improvement Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-030-52305-3 SN - 978-3-030-52306-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52306-0_13 VL - 391 SP - 202 EP - 220 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus A1 - Rapp, Simon A1 - Gronau, Norbert A1 - Albers, Albert ED - Shishkov, Boris T1 - Accelerating knowledge BT - the speed optimization of knowledge transfers T2 - Business modeling and software design N2 - As knowledge-intensive processes are often carried out in teams and demand for knowledge transfers among various knowledge carriers, any optimization in regard to the acceleration of knowledge transfers obtains a great economic potential. Exemplified with product development projects, knowledge transfers focus on knowledge acquired in former situations and product generations. An adjustment in the manifestation of knowledge transfers in its concrete situation, here called intervention, therefore can directly be connected to the adequate speed optimization of knowledge-intensive process steps. This contribution presents the specification of seven concrete interventions following an intervention template. Further, it describes the design and results of a workshop with experts as a descriptive study. The workshop was used to assess the practical relevance of interventions designed as well as the identification of practical success factors and barriers of their implementation. KW - knowledge transfers KW - business process optimization KW - interventions KW - product development KW - product generation engineering KW - empirical evaluation Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-030-24853-6 SN - 978-3-030-24854-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24854-3_7 VL - 356 SP - 95 EP - 113 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus A1 - Thim, Christof A1 - Gronau, Norbert ED - Andersen, Ann-Louise ED - Andersen, Rasmus ED - Brunoe, Thomas Ditlev ED - Larsen, Maria Stoettrup Schioenning ED - Nielsen, Kjeld ED - Napoleone, Alessia ED - Kjeldgaard, Stefan T1 - Aiming for knowledge-transfer-optimizing intelligent cyber-physical systems T2 - Towards sustainable customization : cridging smart products and manufacturing systems N2 - Since more and more production tasks are enabled by Industry 4.0 techniques, the number of knowledge-intensive production tasks increases as trivial tasks can be automated and only non-trivial tasks demand human-machine interactions. With this, challenges regarding the competence of production workers, the complexity of tasks and stickiness of required knowledge occur [1]. Furthermore, workers experience time pressure which can lead to a decrease in output quality. Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) have the potential to assist workers in knowledge-intensive work grounded on quantitative insights about knowledge transfer activities [2]. By providing contextual and situational awareness as well as complex classification and selection algorithms, CPS are able to ease knowledge transfer in a way that production time and quality is improved significantly. CPS have only been used for direct production and process optimization, knowledge transfers have only been regarded in assistance systems with little contextual awareness. Embedding production and knowledge transfer optimization thus show potential for further improvements. This contribution outlines the requirements and a framework to design these systems. It accounts for the relevant factors. KW - smart automation KW - smart production KW - human-machine-interaction Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-90699-3 SN - 978-3-030-90700-6 SN - 978-3-030-90702-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90700-6_16 SP - 149 EP - 157 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus A1 - Thim, Christof A1 - Roling, Wiebke A1 - Schüffler, Arnulf A1 - Kluge, Annette A1 - Gronau, Norbert ED - Masrour, Tawfik ED - El Hassani, Ibtissam ED - Barka, Noureddine T1 - AI case-based reasoning for artificial neural networks T2 - Artificial intelligence and industrial applications N2 - Faced with the triad of time-cost-quality, the realization of production tasks under economic conditions is not trivial. Since the number of Artificial-Intelligence-(AI)-based applications in business processes is increasing more and more nowadays, the efficient design of AI cases for production processes as well as their target-oriented improvement is essential, so that production outcomes satisfy high quality criteria and economic requirements. Both challenge production management and data scientists, aiming to assign ideal manifestations of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to a certain task. Faced with new attempts of ANN-based production process improvements [8], this paper continues research about the optimal creation, provision and utilization of ANNs. Moreover, it presents a mechanism for AI case-based reasoning for ANNs. Experiments clarify continuously improving ANN knowledge bases by this mechanism empirically. Its proof-of-concept is demonstrated by the example of four production simulation scenarios, which cover the most relevant use cases and will be the basis for examining AI cases on a quantitative level. KW - case-based reasoning KW - neural networks KW - industry 4.0 Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-43523-2 SN - 978-3-031-43524-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43524-9_2 VL - 771 SP - 17 EP - 35 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grözinger, Elvira T1 - Freidenreich, P. H., Female, Jewish and educated : the lives of Central European University Women; Bloomington, Indiana Univ., Press, 2002 BT - Female, Jewish and educated : the lives of Central European University Women Y1 - 2004 SN - 1614-6492 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grözinger, Elvira T1 - Baskin J.R., Midrashic women : formations of the femine in Rabbinic literature; Hannover, Brandeis Univ. Press, 2002 BT - Midrashic women : formations of the femine in Rabbinic literature Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grözinger, Elvira T1 - Berkowitz, J., Shakespeare on the American Yiddish Stage; Iowa City, Univ. of Iowa Press, 2002 BT - Shakespeare on the American Yiddish Stage Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gundlach, Jana A1 - Köster, Antonia A1 - Krasnova, Hanna A1 - Tarafdar, Monideepa T1 - How messy is your news feed BT - perceived disorder as a novel stressor T2 - Proceedings of the 28th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS) : ECIS 2020 Research Papers N2 - Social Networking Sites (SNSs) are pervasive in our daily lives. However, emerging reports suggest that people are increasingly dissatisfied with their experience of SNSs News Feeds. Motivated by the cognitive load theory, the paper postulates that arrangement and presentation of information are important constituents of one’s Facebook News Feed experience. Integrating these factors into the novel concept of ‘perceived disorder’, this paper hypothesizes that the perception of disorder elicited by the Facebook News Feed plays an important role in causing discontinuance intentions. Drawing on the Stressor-Strain-Outcome Model, we suggest that perceived disorder leads to SNS discontinuance intention and is partially mediated by SNS fatigue. The paper uses the responses of 268 Facebook users to investigate these relationships and introduces perceived disorder as a novel stressor. Besides adding to the existing body of literature, these insights are of relevance to internet service providers, policy makers and SNS users. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2020_rp/101 PB - AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) CY - [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Görlitz, Katja A1 - Rzepka, Sylvi A1 - Tamm, Marcus ED - Weinert, Sabine ED - Blossfeld, Gwendolin Josephine ED - Blossfeld, Hans-Peter T1 - Regional factors as determinants of employees’ training participation T2 - Education, competence development and career trajectories N2 - Although the literature on the determinants of training has considered individual and firm-related characteristics, it has generally neglected regional factors. This is surprising, given the fact that labour markets differ by regions. Regional factors are often ignored because (both in Germany and abroad) many data sets covering training information do not include detailed geographical identifiers that would allow a merging of information on the regional level. The regional identifiers of the National Educational Panel Study (Starting Cohort 6) offer opportunities to advance research on several regional factors. This article summarizes the results from two studies that exploit these unique opportunities to investigate the relationship between training participation and (a) the local level of firm competition for workers within specific sectors of the economy and (b) the regional supply of training measured as the number of firms offering courses or seminars for potential training participants. KW - training participation KW - regional determinants KW - local employer density KW - training supply KW - National Educational Panel Study (starting cohort 6) Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-27006-2 SN - 978-3-031-27007-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27007-9_15 SP - 337 EP - 345 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hafner, Julee A1 - Thim, Christof ED - Bui, Tung T1 - Knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurial systems track innovation in organizations BT - learning, unlearning, and intentional forgetting T2 - Proceedings of the 54th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences N2 - We welcome you to the 54th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-54) conference. This is the fifth year for the Organizational Learning Minitrack which has had the usual growing pains: two years ago, we added the topic of Unlearning and joined with the Intentional Forgetting Minitrack - as these topics are all organizationally-based knowledge management issues. We proudly bring you the latest research focused on the methods to develop and maintain organizational learning within the Knowledge Innovation and Entrepreneurial Systems Track. The ability to update, change and use current knowledge effectively, especially in light of the ongoing knowledge explosion, can be costly for any organization. Organizations that consider themselves “learning” or “knowledge-based” organizations must develop a competent workforce using KM strategies. Success in organizations involves developing a variety of human factors for changing competencies. With technological change, modification and revisions, many skills require updating for a competitive advantage in the marketplace. The focus on new techniques and insights into how individuals and organizations use their knowledge is our focus for the improvement of organizational learning in this Minitrack. Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-0-9981331-4-0 SP - 5046 EP - 5047 PB - University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Hamilton Library CY - Honolulu, HI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hafner, Julee A1 - Thim, Christof T1 - Innovation in organizations: learning, unlearning, and intentional forgetting T2 - Proceedings of the 55th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) N2 - We welcome you to the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) conference. After joining with Intentional Forgetting Minitrack last year, this is the fourth year of the Organizational Learning Minitrack. We add Unlearning, and Intentional Forgetting to proudly bring you the latest research focused on organizational learning issues within the Knowledge Innovation and Entrepreneurial Systems Track. The ability to update, change and use current knowledge effectively, especially in light of the ongoing knowledge explosion, can be costly for any organization. Organizations that consider themselves “learning” or “knowledge-based” organizations must develop a competent workforce using KM strategies. Success in organizations involves developing a variety of human factors for changing competencies. With technological change, modification and revisions, many skills require updating for a competitive advantage in the marketplace. The focus on new techniques and insights into how individuals and organizations use their knowledge is our focus for the improvement of organizational learning in this Minitrack. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-099813315-7 SP - 4784 EP - 4785 PB - University of Hawai’i at Manoa Hamilton Library CY - Honolulu, HI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hagemann, Linus A1 - Abramova, Olga T1 - Crafting audience engagement in social media conversations BT - evidence from the U.S. 2020 presidential elections T2 - Proceedings of the 55th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences N2 - Observing inconsistent results in prior studies, this paper applies the elaboration likelihood model to investigate the impact of affective and cognitive cues embedded in social media messages on audience engagement during a political event. Leveraging a rich dataset in the context of the 2020 U.S. presidential elections containing more than 3 million tweets, we found the prominence of both cue types. For the overall sample, positivity and sentiment are negatively related to engagement. In contrast, the post-hoc sub-sample analysis of tweets from famous users shows that emotionally charged content is more engaging. The role of sentiment decreases when the number of followers grows and ultimately becomes insignificant for Twitter participants with a vast number of followers. Prosocial orientation (“we-talk”) is consistently associated with more likes, comments, and retweets in the overall sample and sub-samples. KW - mediated conversation KW - big data KW - engagement KW - sentiment analysis KW - social media Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-0-9981331-5-7 SP - 3222 EP - 3231 PB - HICSS Conference Office University of Hawaii at Manoa CY - Honolulu ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hamann, Julian A1 - Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian ED - Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian ED - Bernhard, Stefan T1 - The double function of rankings BT - consecration and dispositif in transnational academic fields T2 - Charting transnational fields N2 - Rankings have grown in importance in the last decades. This is particularly evident in, but not limited to, academia. In this paper, we propose a power analytical take on academic rankings as a transnational(izing) phenomenon. In doing so, we make two contributions. First, we develop a conceptual definition of rankings as consecratory institutions. After providing an overview of the most prominent types of rankings in the academic field and discussing the different forms they can take, we suggest that rankings operate through subjectivation, zero-sum comparisons, quantification, publication and generating a doxical belief. Second, we propose that rankings fulfil a strategic double function. As a particularly momentous consecratory institution, rankings propel power shifts in the academic field and beyond by preferring (and being pushed by) specific academic milieus, types of agents, paradigms, and strategies. As a dispositif, rankings operate at the intersection of different fields, open academic fields up for a lay audience and advance processes of transnationalization by facilitating new modes of governance for hubs of state institutions, private corporations, media corporations, and data providers. Concluding, we argue that the consecration and dispositif functions rely on some basic principles of the practical functioning of rankings. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-0-429-27494-7 SN - 978-0-367-22418-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429274947-10 SP - 160 EP - 177 PB - Routledge CY - Abingdon ; New York ER -