TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus A1 - Thim, Christof A1 - Roling, Wiebke A1 - Schüffler, Arnulf A1 - Kluge, Annette A1 - Gronau, Norbert ED - Masrour, Tawfik ED - El Hassani, Ibtissam ED - Barka, Noureddine T1 - AI case-based reasoning for artificial neural networks T2 - Artificial intelligence and industrial applications N2 - Faced with the triad of time-cost-quality, the realization of production tasks under economic conditions is not trivial. Since the number of Artificial-Intelligence-(AI)-based applications in business processes is increasing more and more nowadays, the efficient design of AI cases for production processes as well as their target-oriented improvement is essential, so that production outcomes satisfy high quality criteria and economic requirements. Both challenge production management and data scientists, aiming to assign ideal manifestations of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to a certain task. Faced with new attempts of ANN-based production process improvements [8], this paper continues research about the optimal creation, provision and utilization of ANNs. Moreover, it presents a mechanism for AI case-based reasoning for ANNs. Experiments clarify continuously improving ANN knowledge bases by this mechanism empirically. Its proof-of-concept is demonstrated by the example of four production simulation scenarios, which cover the most relevant use cases and will be the basis for examining AI cases on a quantitative level. KW - case-based reasoning KW - neural networks KW - industry 4.0 Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-43523-2 SN - 978-3-031-43524-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43524-9_2 VL - 771 SP - 17 EP - 35 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ullrich, Andre A1 - Bertheau, Clementine A1 - Wiedmann, Miriam A1 - Sultanow, Eldar A1 - Körppen, Tim A1 - Bente, Stefan T1 - Roles, tasks and skills of the enterprise architect in the VUCA world JF - 2021 IEEE 25th International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops : EDOCW 2021 : 25-29 October 2021, Gold Coast, Australia : proceedings N2 - For the last 20 years, enterprise architecture management (EAM) was primarily an instrument for harmonizing and consolidating IT landscapes and is lived as a transformation and governance discipline. It, however, is rather related to IT strategy than aligned to the actual corporate strategy and the work of the enterprise architect is characterized by tasks like prescribing, monitoring, documenting, and controlling. As digital transformation continues apace, companies are facing new challenges that lead to a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) world. To face these challenges, vision, understanding, clarity and agility allow to anticipative and implement necessary changes. This, of course, has implications for the role of the enterprise architect. S/he needs to start actively supporting innovation and taking more of an advisory role instead of just being driven by the current state of the enterprise architecture. This paper investigates the role of the enterprise architect in the VUCA world. Based on current literature and expert interviews, a survey was conducted among consultants who work as (or with) enterprise architects. Survey results include the evaluation of statements on current tasks of enterprise architects, their influence on projects and companies as well as future requirements on the roles of the enterprise architect. The results from the survey were synthesized with the findings from literature to derive the roles, tasks and skills of enterprise architect in the VUCA world. KW - enterprise architecture management KW - skills KW - roles KW - enterprise architect KW - VUCA Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-6654-4488-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW52865.2021.00057 SP - 261 EP - 270 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Barkowsky, Matthias A1 - Giese, Holger T1 - Triple graph grammars for multi-version models N2 - Like conventional software projects, projects in model-driven software engineering require adequate management of multiple versions of development artifacts, importantly allowing living with temporary inconsistencies. In the case of model-driven software engineering, employed versioning approaches also have to handle situations where different artifacts, that is, different models, are linked via automatic model transformations. In this report, we propose a technique for jointly handling the transformation of multiple versions of a source model into corresponding versions of a target model, which enables the use of a more compact representation that may afford improved execution time of both the transformation and further analysis operations. Our approach is based on the well-known formalism of triple graph grammars and a previously introduced encoding of model version histories called multi-version models. In addition to showing the correctness of our approach with respect to the standard semantics of triple graph grammars, we conduct an empirical evaluation that demonstrates the potential benefit regarding execution time performance. N2 - Ähnlich zu konventionellen Softwareprojekten erfordern Projekte im Bereich der modellgetriebenen Softwareentwicklung eine adäquate Verwaltung mehrerer Versionen von Entwicklungsartefakten. Eine solche Versionsverwaltung muss es insbesondere ermöglichen, zeitweise mit Inkonsistenzen zu leben. Im Fall der modellgetriebenen Softwareentwicklung muss ein verwendeter Ansatz zusätzlich mit Situationen umgehen können, in denen verschiedene Entwicklungsartefakte, das heißt verschiedene Modelle, durch automatische Modelltransformationen verknüpft sind. In diesem Bericht schlagen wir eine Technik für die integrierte Transformation mehrerer Versionen eines Quellmodells in entsprechende Versionen eines Zielmodells vor. Dies ermöglicht die Verwendung einer kompakteren Repräsentation der Modelle, was zu verbesserten Laufzeiteigenschaften der Transformation und weiterführender Operationen führen kann. Unser Ansatz basiert auf dem bekannten Formalismus der Tripel-Graph-Grammatiken und einer in früheren Arbeiten eingeführten Kodierung von Versionshistorien von Modellen. Neben einem Beweis der Korrektheit des Ansatzes in Bezug auf die standardmäßige Semantik von Tripel-Graph-Grammatiken führen wir eine empirische Evaluierung durch, die den potenziellen Performancevorteil der Technik demonstriert. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 155 KW - triple graph grammars KW - multi-version models KW - Tripel-Graph-Grammatiken KW - Modelle mit mehreren Versionen Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-573994 SN - 978-3-86956-556-9 SN - 1613-5652 SN - 2191-1665 IS - 155 SP - 28 EP - 28 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus ED - Shishkov, Boris T1 - Context-aware, intelligent musical instruments for improving knowledge-intensive business processes T2 - Business modeling and software design N2 - With shorter song publication cycles in music industries and a reduced number of physical contact opportunities because of disruptions that may be an obstacle for musicians to cooperate, collaborative time consumption is a highly relevant target factor providing a chance for feedback in contemporary music production processes. This work aims to extend prior research on knowledge transfer velocity by augmenting traditional designs of musical instruments with (I) Digital Twins, (II) Internet of Things and (III) Cyber-Physical System capabilities and consider a new type of musical instrument as a tool to improve knowledge transfers at knowledge-intensive forms of business processes. In a design-science-oriented way, a prototype of a sensitive guitar is constructed as information and cyber-physical system. Findings show that this intelligent SensGuitar increases feedback opportunities. This study establishes the importance of conversion-specific music production processes and novel forms of interactions at guitar playing as drivers of high knowledge transfer velocities in teams and among individuals. KW - business process KW - knowledge transfer KW - CPS KW - prototype Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-031-11509-7 SN - 978-3-031-11510-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11510-3_5 VL - 453 SP - 69 EP - 88 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus A1 - Rapp, Simon A1 - Gronau, Norbert A1 - Albers, Albert ED - Shishkov, Boris T1 - Accelerating knowledge BT - the speed optimization of knowledge transfers T2 - Business modeling and software design N2 - As knowledge-intensive processes are often carried out in teams and demand for knowledge transfers among various knowledge carriers, any optimization in regard to the acceleration of knowledge transfers obtains a great economic potential. Exemplified with product development projects, knowledge transfers focus on knowledge acquired in former situations and product generations. An adjustment in the manifestation of knowledge transfers in its concrete situation, here called intervention, therefore can directly be connected to the adequate speed optimization of knowledge-intensive process steps. This contribution presents the specification of seven concrete interventions following an intervention template. Further, it describes the design and results of a workshop with experts as a descriptive study. The workshop was used to assess the practical relevance of interventions designed as well as the identification of practical success factors and barriers of their implementation. KW - knowledge transfers KW - business process optimization KW - interventions KW - product development KW - product generation engineering KW - empirical evaluation Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-030-24853-6 SN - 978-3-030-24854-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24854-3_7 VL - 356 SP - 95 EP - 113 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus ED - Rutkowski, Leszek ED - Scherer, Rafał ED - Korytkowski, Marcin ED - Pedrycz, Witold ED - Tadeusiewicz, Ryszard ED - Zurada, Jacek M. T1 - Learning representations by crystallized back-propagating errors T2 - Artificial intelligence and soft computing N2 - With larger artificial neural networks (ANN) and deeper neural architectures, common methods for training ANN, such as backpropagation, are key to learning success. Their role becomes particularly important when interpreting and controlling structures that evolve through machine learning. This work aims to extend previous research on backpropagation-based methods by presenting a modified, full-gradient version of the backpropagation learning algorithm that preserves (or rather crystallizes) selected neural weights while leaving other weights adaptable (or rather fluid). In a design-science-oriented manner, a prototype of a feedforward ANN is demonstrated and refined using the new learning method. The results show that the so-called crystallizing backpropagation increases the control possibilities of neural structures and interpretation chances, while learning can be carried out as usual. Since neural hierarchies are established because of the algorithm, ANN compartments start to function in terms of cognitive levels. This study shows the importance of dealing with ANN in hierarchies through backpropagation and brings in learning methods as novel ways of interacting with ANN. Practitioners will benefit from this interactive process because they can restrict neural learning to specific architectural components of ANN and can focus further development on specific areas of higher cognitive levels without the risk of destroying valuable ANN structures. KW - artificial neural networks KW - backpropagation KW - knowledge crystallization KW - second-order conditioning KW - cognitive levels KW - NMDL Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-42504-2 SN - 978-3-031-42505-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42505-9_8 SP - 78 EP - 100 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krasnova, Hanna A1 - Gundlach, Jana A1 - Baumann, Annika T1 - Coming back for more BT - the effect of news feed serendipity on social networking site sage T2 - PACIS 2022 proceedings N2 - Recent spikes in social networking site (SNS) usage times have launched investigations into reasons for excessive SNS usage. Extending research on social factors (i.e., fear of missing out), this study considers the News Feed setup. More specifically, we suggest that the order of the News Feed (chronological vs. algorithmically assembled posts) affects usage behaviors. Against the background of the variable reward schedule, this study hypothesizes that the different orders exert serendipity differently. Serendipity, termed as unexpected lucky encounters with information, resembles variable rewards. Studies have evidenced a relation between variable rewards and excessive behaviors. Similarly, we hypothesize that order-induced serendipitous encounters affect SNS usage times and explore this link in a two-wave survey with an experimental setup (users using either chronological or algorithmic News Feeds). While theoretically extending explanations for increased SNS usage times by considering the News Feed order, practically the study will offer recommendations for relevant stakeholders. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/pacis2022/271 SN - 9781958200018 PB - AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) CY - [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Apelojg, Benjamin ED - Ashkanasy, Neal M. ED - Troth, Ashlea C. ED - Humphrey, Ronald H. T1 - I need to move it, move It! BT - how physiological needs influence feelings, motivation, and interest in learning situations T2 - Emotion in organizations N2 - Purpose Student interest and learning success is an important component of teaching learning research. However, while the impact of emotions and psychological needs on students' achievements has been a focus of research, the impact of their physiological needs has been under studied. In this explorative study, I examine what impact the physiological and psychological needs of student teachers have on their feelings, motivation, and interest in different learning settings. Approach The research method used was the daily reconstruction method and included the Felix-App, a new digital research and feedback tool that allows the measurement of feelings, needs, motivation, and interest in real time. Findings The results suggest the importance of physiological needs for perceived emotions, motivation, and interest in the learning subject. The psychological needs, on the other hand, are of less importance. Originality The Felix-App is an innovative tool to learn more about learners' emotions and needs in real learning settings. The importance of physiological needs has been known since Maslow, but should be considered much more in the context of teaching and learning research in the future. There is a need for further research on the importance of physical aspects in learning. KW - physiological needs KW - emotions KW - motivation KW - homeostasis KW - learning environment KW - Experience Sampling Method (ESM) Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-1-83797-251-7 SN - 978-1-83797-250-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/S1746-979120240000019002 SP - 13 EP - 35 PB - Emerald Publishing Limited CY - Bingley ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hipp, Lena A1 - Schlüter, Charlotte A1 - Molina, Stefania ED - Dobrotić, Ivana ED - Blum, Sonja ED - Koslowski, Alison T1 - The role of employers in reducing the implementation gap in leave policies T2 - Research handbook on leave policy N2 - Although mothers and fathers in almost all rich democracies are entitled to some form of paid parenting leave, fathers in particular do not take all the leave available to them. As employers play an important role in the implementation of parenting leave policies, this chapter investigates which workplace characteristics influence mothers' and fathers' uptake of their statutory leave entitlements. In Part 1, we estimate the size of the gap between statutory leave entitlement and leave uptake across genders and countries by combining data from the OECD and the European Labor Force Survey. In Parts 2 and 3, we review the literature on structural, cultural, and normative explanations for the gap in parenting leave uptake. We conclude the chapter with suggestions for further research, including the need for reliable data on the size of the implementation gap and research on non-European countries. KW - parental leave KW - policy implementation KW - employment KW - workplace culture KW - gender equality Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-80037-221-4 SN - 978-1-80037-220-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800372214.00036 SP - 338 EP - 352 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing CY - Cheltenham, UK ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Flotterer, Boris A1 - Maximova, Maria A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Dyck, Johannes A1 - Zöllner, Christian A1 - Giese, Holger A1 - Hély, Christelle A1 - Gaucherel, Cédric T1 - Modeling and Formal Analysis of Meta-Ecosystems with Dynamic Structure using Graph Transformation T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam N2 - The dynamics of ecosystems is of crucial importance. Various model-based approaches exist to understand and analyze their internal effects. In this paper, we model the space structure dynamics and ecological dynamics of meta-ecosystems using the formal technique of Graph Transformation (short GT). We build GT models to describe how a meta-ecosystem (modeled as a graph) can evolve over time (modeled by GT rules) and to analyze these GT models with respect to qualitative properties such as the existence of structural stabilities. As a case study, we build three GT models describing the space structure dynamics and ecological dynamics of three different savanna meta-ecosystems. The first GT model considers a savanna meta-ecosystem that is limited in space to two ecosystem patches, whereas the other two GT models consider two savanna meta-ecosystems that are unlimited in the number of ecosystem patches and only differ in one GT rule describing how the space structure of the meta-ecosystem grows. In the first two GT models, the space structure dynamics and ecological dynamics of the meta-ecosystem shows two main structural stabilities: the first one based on grassland-savanna-woodland transitions and the second one based on grassland-desert transitions. The transition between these two structural stabilities is driven by high-intensity fires affecting the tree components. In the third GT model, the GT rule for savanna regeneration induces desertification and therefore a collapse of the meta-ecosystem. We believe that GT models provide a complementary avenue to that of existing approaches to rigorously study ecological phenomena. N2 - Die Dynamik von Ökosystemen ist von entscheidender Bedeutung. Es gibt verschiedene modellbasierte Ansätze, um ihre internen Effekte zu verstehen und zu analysieren. In diesem Beitrag modellieren wir die Raumstrukturdynamik und ökologische Dynamik von Metaökosystemen mit der formalen Technik der Graphtransformation (kurz GT). Wir bauen GT-Modelle, um zu beschreiben, wie sich ein Meta-Ökosystem (modelliert als Graph) im Laufe der Zeit entwickeln kann (modelliert durch GT-Regeln) und analysieren diese GT-Modelle hinsichtlich qualitativer Eigenschaften wie das Vorhandensein struktureller Stabilitäten. Als Fallstudie bauen wir drei GT-Modelle, die die Dynamik der Raumstruktur und die ökologische Dynamik von drei verschiedenen Savannen-Meta-Ökosystemen beschreiben. Das erste GT-Modell betrachtet ein Savannen-Meta-Ökosystem, das räumlich auf zwei Ökosystem-Abschnitte begrenzt ist, während die anderen beiden GT-Modelle zwei Savannen-Meta-Ökosysteme betrachten, die in der Anzahl von Ökosystem-Abschnitten uneingeschränkt sind und sich nur in einer GT-Regel unterscheiden, die beschreibt, wie die Raumstruktur des Meta-Ökosystems wächst. In den ersten beiden GT-Modellen zeigen die Raumstrukturdynamik und die ökologische Dynamik des Metaökosystems zwei Hauptstrukturstabilitäten: die erste basiert auf Grasland-Savannen-Wald-Übergängen und die zweite basiert auf Grasland-Wüsten-Übergängen. Der Übergang zwischen diesen beiden strukturellen Stabilitäten wird durch hochintensive Brände angetrieben, die die Baumkomponenten beeinträchtigen. Beim dritten GT-Modell führt die Savannenregeneration beschreibende GT-Regel zur Wüstenbildung und damit zum Kollaps des Meta-Ökosystems. Wir glauben, dass GT-Modelle eine gute Ergänzung zu bestehenden Ansätzen darstellen, um ökologische Phänomene rigoros zu untersuchen. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 147 KW - dynamic systems KW - discrete-event model KW - qualitative model KW - savanna KW - trajectories KW - desertification KW - dynamische Systeme KW - diskretes Ereignismodell KW - qualitatives Modell KW - Savanne KW - Trajektorien KW - Wüstenbildung Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-547643 SN - 978-3-86956-533-0 SN - 1613-5652 SN - 2191-1665 IS - 147 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rothermel, Ann-Kathrin A1 - Asante, Doris T1 - From victims to activists BT - women’s engagement and participation in p/cve T2 - Australian outlook N2 - For a long time, women were invisible in the policy responses to political violence and terrorism. Although the introduction of Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism (P/CVE) has helped improve the representation of women, there is still a long way to go. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.internationalaffairs.org.au/australianoutlook/from-victims-to-activists-womens-engagement-and-participation-in-p-cve/ PB - Australian Institute of International Affairs CY - Deakin ACT ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pruin, Andree ED - Randma-Liiv, Tiina ED - Lember, Veiko T1 - How organizational factors shape e-participation BT - lessons from the German one-stop participation portal meinBerlin T2 - Engaging citizens in policy making : e-participation practices in Europe Y1 - 2022 SN - 9781800374362 SN - 9781800374355 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800374362.00022 SP - 209 EP - 224 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing CY - Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rothermel, Ann-Kathrin T1 - What anti-gender and anti-vaccines politics have in common BT - the construction of gender and the Covid-19 pandemic in right-wing discourses KW - anti-gender KW - featured KW - gender research KW - politics KW - science & technology Y1 - 2022 UR - https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/gender/2022/04/11/what-anti-gender-and-anti-vaccines-politics-have-in-common-the-construction-of-gender-and-the-covid-19-pandemic-in-right-wing-discourses/ PB - London School of Economics and Political Science CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jasser, Greta A1 - Kelly, Megan A1 - Rothermel, Ann-Kathrin T1 - Male supremacism and the Hanau terrorist attack BT - between online misogyny and far-right violence Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.icct.nl/publication/male-supremacism-and-hanau-terrorist-attack-between-online-misogyny-and-far-right PB - International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT) CY - Den Haag ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rothermel, Ann-Kathrin T1 - The politics of fear BT - right wing anti-gender and anti-vaccination narratives T2 - WIIS Blog Y1 - 2022 UR - https://wiisglobal.org/the-politics-of-fear-right-wing-anti-gender-and-anti-vaccination-narratives-2/#_edn1 CY - Women in International Security ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Franzke, Jochen ED - Stelmach, Andrzej ED - Barabasz, Adam ED - Trosiak, Cezary T1 - Challenges of admission and integration of Ukraine war refugees in Germany since the Russian raid in February 2022 BT - a preliminary outline T2 - Ziemie Zachodnie i Północne Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-83-66740-70-9 SP - 403 EP - 412 PB - Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu CY - Poznań ER - TY - GEN A1 - Debre, Maria Josepha A1 - Dijkstra, Hylke T1 - Immune to COVID? BT - the striking resilience of international organisations Y1 - 2021 UR - http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/covid19/2021/07/13/immune-to-covid-the-striking-resilience-of-international-organisations/ PB - London School of Economics and Political Science CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dumas, Benoît Paul ED - Bergström, Tomas ED - Franzke, Jochen ED - Kuhlmann, Sabine ED - Wayenberg, Ellen T1 - Reforms of school supervision in the German Länder BT - converging school supervision structures? T2 - The future of local self-government N2 - While school supervision structures in the German Länder were extensively reformed during the last decades, systematic analyses of these reforms are missing. This chapter contributes to this research gap by providing an overview of the implemented reforms of school supervision structures in the German Länder. The effects of these reforms are analysed in order to answer the question of whether a convergence of school supervision systems is a result of these reforms. In a first step, a distinction is made to identify system-changing reforms. Although a decrease of the number or a concentration on one school supervision system is not a result of the analysis, it is argued that there is a convergence of school supervision structures, as a clear trend against school supervision systems with lower school supervisory boards can be observed. Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-56058-4 SN - 978-3-030-56059-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56059-1_19 SP - 257 EP - 273 PB - Palgrave Macmillan CY - Cham ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Kapanadze, David A1 - Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang A1 - Seiler, Jörg T1 - Operators with singular trace conditions on a manifold with edges T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2006 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang T1 - The structure of operators on manifolds with polyhedral singularities T3 - Preprint / Universität Potsdam, Institut für Mathematik, Arbeitsgruppe Partiell Y1 - 2006 SN - 1437-739X PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER -