TY  - GEN
A1  - Wachs, Sebastian
A1  - Wright, Michelle F.
T1  - Associations between Bystanders and Perpetrators of Online Hate
BT  - The Moderating Role of Toxic Online Disinhibition
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Hatred directed at members of groups due to their origin, race, gender, religion, or sexual orientation is not new, but it has taken on a new dimension in the online world. To date, very little is known about online hate among adolescents. It is also unknown how online disinhibition might influence the association between being bystanders and being perpetrators of online hate. Thus, the present study focused on examining the associations among being bystanders of online hate, being perpetrators of online hate, and the moderating role of toxic online disinhibition in the relationship between being bystanders and perpetrators of online hate. In total, 1480 students aged between 12 and 17 years old were included in this study. Results revealed positive associations between being online hate bystanders and perpetrators, regardless of whether adolescents had or had not been victims of online hate themselves. The results also showed an association between toxic online disinhibition and online hate perpetration. Further, toxic online disinhibition moderated the relationship between being bystanders of online hate and being perpetrators of online hate. Implications for prevention programs and future research are discussed.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 475 
KW  - online hate
KW  - hate speech
KW  - bystander
KW  - perpetrator
KW  - online disinhibition
KW  - online discrimination
KW  - cyber aggression
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419486
IS  - 475
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wachs, Sebastian
A1  - Wright, Michelle F.
T1  - Associations between Bystanders and Perpetrators of Online Hate
BT  - The Moderating Role of Toxic Online Disinhibition
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
N2  - Hatred directed at members of groups due to their origin, race, gender, religion, or sexual orientation is not new, but it has taken on a new dimension in the online world. To date, very little is known about online hate among adolescents. It is also unknown how online disinhibition might influence the association between being bystanders and being perpetrators of online hate. Thus, the present study focused on examining the associations among being bystanders of online hate, being perpetrators of online hate, and the moderating role of toxic online disinhibition in the relationship between being bystanders and perpetrators of online hate. In total, 1480 students aged between 12 and 17 years old were included in this study. Results revealed positive associations between being online hate bystanders and perpetrators, regardless of whether adolescents had or had not been victims of online hate themselves. The results also showed an association between toxic online disinhibition and online hate perpetration. Further, toxic online disinhibition moderated the relationship between being bystanders of online hate and being perpetrators of online hate. Implications for prevention programs and future research are discussed.
KW  - online hate
KW  - hate speech
KW  - bystander
KW  - perpetrator
KW  - online disinhibition
KW  - online discrimination
KW  - cyber aggression
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15092030
SN  - 1660-4601
SN  - 1661-7827
VL  - 15
IS  - 9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -