TY - CHAP A1 - Zhou, Neng-Fa T1 - What I have learned from all these solver competitions N2 - In this talk, I would like to share my experiences gained from participating in four CSP solver competitions and the second ASP solver competition. In particular, I’ll talk about how various programming techniques can make huge differences in solving some of the benchmark problems used in the competitions. These techniques include global constraints, table constraints, and problem-specific propagators and labeling strategies for selecting variables and values. I’ll present these techniques with experimental results from B-Prolog and other CLP(FD) systems. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41431 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zeilinger, Gerold A1 - Mutti, Maria A1 - Strecker, Manfred A1 - Rehak, Katrin A1 - Bookhagen, Bodo A1 - Schwab, Marco T1 - Integration of digital elevation models and satellite images to investigate geological processes. N2 - In order to better understand the geological boundary conditions for ongoing or past surface processes geologists face two important questions: 1) How can we gain additional knowledge about geological processes by analyzing digital elevation models (DEM) and satellite images and 2) Do these efforts present a viable approach for more efficient research. Here, we will present case studies at a variety of scales and levels of resolution to illustrate how we can substantially complement and enhance classical geological approaches with remote sensing techniques. Commonly, satellite and DEM based studies are being used in a first step of assessing areas of geologic interest. While in the past the analysis of satellite imagery (e.g. Landsat TM) and aerial photographs was carried out to characterize the regional geologic characteristics, particularly structure and lithology, geologists have increasingly ventured into a process-oriented approach. This entails assessing structures and geomorphic features with a concept that includes active tectonics or tectonic activity on time scales relevant to humans. In addition, these efforts involve analyzing and quantifying the processes acting at the surface by integrating different remote sensing and topographic data (e.g. SRTM-DEM, SSM/I, GPS, Landsat 7 ETM, Aster, Ikonos…). A combined structural and geomorphic study in the hyperarid Atacama desert demonstrates the use of satellite and digital elevation data for assessing geological structures formed by long-term (millions of years) feedback mechanisms between erosion and crustal bending (Zeilinger et al., 2005). The medium-term change of landscapes during hundred thousands to millions years in a more humid setting is shown in an example from southern Chile. Based on an analysis of rivers/watersheds combined with landscapes parameterization by using digital elevation models, the geomorphic evolution and change in drainage pattern in the coastal Cordillera can be quantified and put into the context of seismotectonic segmentation of a tectonically active region. This has far-reaching implications for earthquake rupture scenarios and hazard mitigation (K. Rehak, see poster on IMAF Workshop). Two examples illustrate short-term processes on decadal, centennial and millennial time scales: One study uses orogen scale precipitation gradients derived from remotely sensed passive microwave data (Bookhagen et al., 2005a). They demonstrate how debris flows were triggered as a response of slopes to abnormally strong rainfall in the interior parts of the Himalaya during intensified monsoons. The area of the orogen that receives high amounts of precipitation during intensified monsoons also constitutes numerous landslide deposits of up to 1km3 volume that were generated during intensified monsoon phase at about 27 and 9 ka (Bookhagen et al., 2005b). Another project in the Swiss Alps compared sets of aerial photographs recorded in different years. By calculating high resolution surfaces the mass transport in a landslide could be reconstructed (M. Schwab, Universität Bern). All these examples, although representing only a short and limited selection of projects using remote sense data in geology, have as a common approach the goal to quantify geological processes. With increasing data resolution and new sensors future projects will even enable us to recognize more patterns and / or structures indicative of geological processes in tectonically active areas. This is crucial for the analysis of natural hazards like earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, as well as those hazards that are related to climatic variability. The integration of remotely sensed data at different spatial and temporal scales with field observations becomes increasingly important. Many of presently highly populated places and increasingly utilized regions are subject to significant environmental pressure and often constitute areas of concentrated economic value. Combined remote sensing and ground-truthing in these regions is particularly important as geologic, seismicity and hydrologic data may be limited here due to the recency of infrastructural development. Monitoring ongoing processes and evaluating the remotely sensed data in terms of recurrence of events will greatly enhance our ability to assess and mitigate natural hazards.
Dokument 1: Foliensatz | Dokument 2: Abstract
Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7063 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zehe, Erwin A1 - Bronstert, Axel A1 - Itzerott, Sibylle A1 - Bárdossy, András A1 - Ihringer, Jürgen T1 - Hochwasservorhersage, Großhangbewegungen, Schadstofftransport BT - IMAF-relevante Projektbeispiele und Vorhaben am Institut für Geoökologie N2 - Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7128 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zarrieß, Sina A1 - Seeker, Wolfgang T1 - Finite-state rule deduction for parsing non-constituent coordination N2 - In this paper, we present a finite-state approach to constituency and therewith an analysis of coordination phenomena involving so-called non-constituents. We show that non-constituents can be seen as parts of fully-fledged constituents and therefore be coordinated in the same way. We have implemented an algorithm based on finite state automata that generates an LFG grammar assigning valid analyses to non-constituent coordination structures in the German language. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27254 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Yli-Jyrä, Anssi T1 - Applications of diamonded double negation N2 - Nested complementation plays an important role in expressing counter- i.e. star-free and first-order definable languages and their hierarchies. In addition, methods that compile phonological rules into finite-state networks use double-nested complementation or “double negation”. This paper reviews how the double-nested complementation extends to a relatively new operation, generalized restriction (GR), coined by the author (Yli-Jyrä and Koskenniemi 2004). This operation encapsulates a double-nested complementation and elimination of a concatenation marker, diamond, whose finite occurrences align concatenations in the arguments of the operation. The paper demonstrates that the GR operation has an interesting potential in expressing regular languages, various kinds of grammars, bimorphisms and relations. This motivates a further study of optimized implementation of the operator. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27109 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Yli-Jyrä, Anssi T1 - Transducers from parallel replace rules and modes with generalized lenient composition N2 - Generalized Two-Level Grammar (GTWOL) provides a new method for compilation of parallel replacement rules into transducers. The current paper identifies the role of generalized lenient composition (GLC) in this method. Thanks to the GLC operation, the compilation method becomes bipartite and easily extendible to capture various application modes. In the light of three notions of obligatoriness, a modification to the compilation method is proposed. We argue that the bipartite design makes implementation of parallel obligatoriness, directionality, length and rank based application modes extremely easy, which is the main result of the paper. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27246 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wolska, Magdalena A1 - Kruijff-Korbayová, Ivana T1 - Modeling anaphora in informal mathematical dialogue N2 - We analyze anaphoric phenomena in the context of building an input understanding component for a conversational system for tutoring mathematics. In this paper, we report the results of data analysis of two sets of corpora of dialogs on mathematical theorem proving. We exemplify anaphoric phenomena, identify factors relevant to anaphora resolution in our domain and extensions to the input interpretation component to support it. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10455 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wiemers, Gerald T1 - Der Nachlass des Erziehungswissenschaftlers und Philosophen Theodor Litt in seiner öffentlichen Wirkung N2 - Beiträge zum Thema "Nachlässe an Universitäts- und Hochschularchiven sowie Archiven wissenschaftlicher Institutionen" im Rahmen der Frühjahrstagung der Fachgruppe 8: "Archivare an Hochschularchiven und Archiven wissenschaftlicher Institutionen" am 16./17. Juni an der Universität Potsdam. KW - Archiv KW - Universitätsarchiv KW - Nachlass Y1 - 2005 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-6113 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weis, K. T1 - Wind relics : clumps, inhomogeneities and outflows in LBV nebulae N2 - The most massive stars are those with the shortest but most active life. One group of massive stars, the Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs), of which only a few objects are known, are in particular of interest concerning the stability of stars. They have a high mass loss rate and are close to being instable. This is even more likely as rotation becomes an important factor in stellar evolution of these stars. Through massive stellar winds and sometimes giant eruptions, LBV nebulae are formed. Various aspects in the evolution in the LBV phase lead, beside the large scale morphological and kinematical differences, to a diversity of small structures like clumps, rims, and outflows in these nebulae. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18235 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wegehenkel, Martin T1 - Die Nutzung von Fernerkundungsdaten in der Wasserhaushaltsmodellierung BT - ein Review N2 - Die Präsentation gibt zuerst einen Überblick über mögliche Parameter für die Wasserhaushaltsmodellierung, die aus Fernerkundungs(FE)-daten generell abgeleitet werden können. Bei der Beschreibung der Ableitungsverfahren dieser Parameter aus (FE)-Daten wird auf die Landnutzung, Vegetationsindices und die reale Evapotranspiration (ETr) fokussiert. Die Verfahren zur Bestimmung der ETr aus optischen FE-Daten lassen grob wie folgt gliedern : • Direkte Ableitung der Evapotranspiration aus radiometrisch bestimmten Oberflächen-temperaturen • Ableitung von Modellinputdaten wie z.B. Globalstrahlung, Albedo, Blattflächeniondex LAI und NDVI aus FE-Daten zur Anwendung von SoilVegetation-AtmosphereTransfer- und Energiebilanzmodellen wie z.B. SEBAL (Bastiaansen et al . 1998) • Kombinierte Anwendung verschiedenster Sensoren wie SAR-ERS1, LANDSAT-TM, NOAA-AHVRR mit SVAT-Modellen und hydrologischen Einzugsgebietsmodellen Die Validierung dieser Methoden wurde in verschiedenen Messkampagnen wie z.B. Lo-trex10E-HIBE, FIFE oder HAPEX-Sahel durchgeführt. Dabei wurde die aus dem entspre-chenden Sensor abgeleitete ETr mit gemessenen ETr-Raten von Ankerstationen innerhalb eines definierten Gebietes verglichen. Diese Ankerstationen leiteten die ETr aus Profil-, Ed-dy-Flux-, oder Szintillometermessungen ab. Durchgängige längere Zeitreihen der ETr sind nur mit FE-Daten mit hoher Wiederholungsrate wie z.B. NOAA-AVHRR, MODIS hoher Zeitauflösung möglich Mit Landsat-TM z.B. ergeben sich dagegen nur „Snap Shots“ der ETr von einzelnen Tagen. Daher wurden oftmals Multisensorverfahren d.h. Kombination von z.B. Landsat-TM mit NOAA-AVHRR eingesetzt oder die FE-Daten nur für die Erhebung zeitin-varianter Eingangsdaten (z.B. Landnutzung) und zur raumbezogenen Validierung der ETr-Berechnungen von hydrologischen Modellen verwendet. Im zweiten Teil des Vortrags wird ein Anwendungsbeispiel für den Versuch einer räumliche Validierung eines Wasserhaus-haltsmodells über NDVI-ETr-Datenprodukte aus Landsat-TM5-Daten für das Stobbergebiet. Ein weiteres Anwendungsbeispiel für die Einbindung von Landnutzungsdatenprodukten aus Landsat-TM5-Daten in die Wasserhaushaltmodellierung für das Ucker-Einzugsgebiet schliesst den Vortrag ab.
Dokument 1: Foliensatz | Dokument 2: Abstract
Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7050 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wedernikov, Nikolaij T. A1 - Sliva, Anatolij J. A1 - Ebseev, Boris S. A1 - Mitjukov, Mitjukov, Michail Alekseevič A1 - Bobrowa, Vera K. A1 - Yustus, Ekaterina A1 - Postier, Rüdiger A1 - Schulze, Carola A1 - Hoof, Karsten A1 - Steinhorst, Lars A1 - Straschun, Boris A. A1 - Narutto, Svetlana Vasil'evna A1 - Michaleva, Nadezda A. A1 - Fadeev, Vladimir Ivanovič A1 - Warlen, Maria V. ED - Schulze, Carola ED - Fadeev, Vladimir Ivanovič T1 - Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Russischen Föderation und in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland BT - Rundtischgespräch an der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen Kutafin-Universität am 9. und 10. Oktober 2012 N2 - Der Tagungsband enthält die Referate und Diskussionsbeiträge des in Moskau an der Staatlichen Juristischen Kutafin-Universität am 9. und 10. Oktober 2012 durchgeführten Rundtischgespräches zur Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit. Behandelt werden ausgewählte rechtshistorische und -politische Fragen sowie aktuelle rechtliche Probleme der Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Russischen Föderation und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland sowohl aus der Sicht der Rechtspraxis als auch der Wissenschaft: insbesondere die Entwicklung der Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in Geschichte und Gegenwart, Status, Rechtsnatur und Aufgaben des Verfassungsgerichts in den Subjekten der Föderation und in den Ländern sowie Verfassungsgericht und Gesetzgebung. Zudem werden Spezialfragen der Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit erörtert, z.B. die Institution des Bevollmächtigten Vertreters des Präsidenten im Verfassungsgericht in Russland, der Eilrechtsschutz durch das BVerfG und der Rechtsschutz bei überlangen Verfahren vor dem BVerfG in Deutschland. KW - Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit KW - Verfassungsgericht KW - Status und Aufgaben des Verfassungsgerichts KW - verfassungsgerichtliche Kontrolle Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67861 SN - 978-3-86956-267-4 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Watson, Bruce W. T1 - Advances in automata implementation techniques (Abstract) Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27094 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Walter, R. A1 - Zurita-Heras, J. A1 - Leyder, J.-C. T1 - Probing clumpy stellar winds with a neutron star N2 - INTEGRAL tripled the number of super-giant high-mass X-ray binaries (sgHMXB) known in the Galaxy by revealing absorbed and fast transient (SFXT) systems. Quantitative constraints on the wind clumping of massive stars can be obtained from the study of the hard X-ray variability of SFXT. A large fraction of the hard X-ray emission is emitted in the form of flares with a typical duration of 3 ksec, frequency of 7 days and luminosity of $10^{36}$ erg/s. Such flares are most probably emitted by the interaction of a compact object orbiting at $\sim10~R_*$ with wind clumps ($10^{22 ... 23}$ g) representing a large fraction of the stellar mass-loss rate. The density ratio between the clumps and the inter-clump medium is $10^{2 ... 4}$. The parameters of the clumps and of the inter-clump medium, derived from the SFXT flaring behavior, are in good agreement with macro-clumping scenario and line-driven instability simulations. SFXT are likely to have larger orbital radius than classical sgHMXB. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18024 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Votruba, V. A1 - Feldmeier, Achim A1 - Kubát, Jiří A1 - Rätzel, D. T1 - Multicomponent stellar wind of hot stars N2 - We developed a time-dependent multicomponent hydrodynamical code for simulation of the stellar wind from hot stars and applied it to stars with high and low density winds. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17677 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vlugter, Peter A1 - Knott, Alistair T1 - A multi-speaker dialogue system for computer-aided language learning N2 - The main topic of this paper is how to configure a dialogue system to support computer-aided language learning. The paper also serves to introduce our new multi-speaker dialogue system, and highlight some of its novel features. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10208 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vink, J. S. A1 - Benaglia, P. A1 - Davies, B. A1 - de Koter, A. A1 - Oudmaijer, R. D. T1 - Advances in mass-loss predictions N2 - We present the results of Monte Carlo mass-loss predictions for massive stars covering a wide range of stellar parameters. We critically test our predictions against a range of observed massloss rates – in light of the recent discussions on wind clumping. We also present a model to compute the clumping-induced polarimetric variability of hot stars and we compare this with observations of Luminous Blue Variables, for which polarimetric variability is larger than for O and Wolf-Rayet stars. Luminous Blue Variables comprise an ideal testbed for studies of wind clumping and wind geometry, as well as for wind strength calculations, and we propose they may be direct supernova progenitors. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17948 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vink, J. S. T1 - Discussion: Hydrodynamic modeling Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18046 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Urbaneja, M. A. A1 - Kudritzki, R.-P. A1 - Puls, Joachim T1 - Clumping in the winds of O-type CSPNs N2 - Recent studies of massive O-type stars present clear evidences of inhomogeneous and clumped winds. O-type (H-rich) central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNs) are in some ways the low mass–low luminosity analogous of those massive stars. In this contribution, we present preliminary results of our on-going multi-wavelength (FUV, UV and optical) study of the winds of Galactic CSPNs. Particular emphasis will be given to the clumping factors derived by means of optical lines (Hα and Heii 4686) and “classic” FUV (and UV) lines. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17801 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - ud-Doula, A. T1 - Large-scale wind structure due to magnetic fields N2 - Magnetic fields influence the dynamics of hot-star winds and create large scale structure. Based on numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations, we model the wind of θ¹ Ori C, and then use the SEI method to compute synthetic line profiles for a range of viewing angles as function of rotational phase. The resulting dynamic spectrum for a moderately strong line shows a distinct modulation, but with a phase that seems at odds with available observations. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18010 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Trilcke, Peer A1 - Parr, Rolf A1 - D'Aprile, Iwan-Michelangelo A1 - Kraus, Hans-Christof A1 - Blomqvist, Clarissa A1 - McGillen, Petra S. A1 - Aus der Au, Carmen A1 - Phillips, Alexander Robert A1 - Helmer, Debora A1 - Singer, Rüdiger A1 - Görner, Rüdiger A1 - Berbig, Roland A1 - Rose, Dirk A1 - Wilhelms, Kerstin A1 - Krause, Marcus A1 - Hehle, Christine A1 - Gretz, Daniela A1 - Gfrereis, Heike A1 - Lepp, Nicola A1 - Morlok, Franziska A1 - Haut, Gideon A1 - Brechenmacher, Thomas A1 - Stauffer, Isabelle A1 - Lyon, John B. A1 - Bachmann, Vera A1 - Ewert, Michael A1 - Immer, Nikolas A1 - Vedder, Ulrike A1 - Fischer, Hubertus A1 - Becker, Sabina A1 - Wegmann, Christoph A1 - Möller, Klaus-Peter A1 - Schneider, Ulrike A1 - Waszynski, Alexander A1 - Wedel, Michael A1 - Brehm, David A1 - Wolpert, Georg ED - Trilcke, Peer T1 - Fontanes Medien N2 - Theodor Fontane war, im durchaus modernen Sinne, ein Medienarbeiter: Als Presse-Agent in London lernte er die innovativste Presselandschaft seiner Zeit kennen; als Redakteur in Berlin leistete er journalistische Kärrnerarbeit; er schrieb Kritiken über das Theater, die bildende Kunst und die Literatur – und auch seine Romane wie seine Reisebücher sind stets Medienprodukte, als Serien in in Zeitungen und Zeitschriften platziert, bevor sie auf dem Buchmarkt erschienen. Der vorliegende Band dokumentiert die Ergebnisse eines internationalen Kongresses, veranstaltet 2019 vom Theodor-Fontane-Archiv in Potsdam. Die ebenso rasante wie umfassende Medialisierung und Vernetzung der Gesellschaft im Laufe des 19. Jahrhunderts wird dabei als produktive Voraussetzung der schriftstellerischen Tätigkeit Fontanes begriffen. Eingebettet in ein weit verzweigtes Netz der Korrespondenz und der postalischen Textzirkulation, vertraut mit den Routinen und Publika der periodischen Massenpresse, für die er sein Leben lang schrieb, und auf vielfältige Weise geprägt von der visuellen Kultur seiner Zeit wird Theodor Fontane als gleichermaßen journalistisch versierter wie ästhetisch sensibler Grenzgänger erkennbar. KW - Fontane, Theodor KW - Gesellschaft KW - Medialisierung KW - Presse Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-11-073330-3 SN - 978-3-11-073810-0 SN - 978-3-11-073323-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110733235 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Townsend, R. H. D. T1 - Techniques for simulating radiative transfer through porous media N2 - In this contribution, I discuss some basic techniques that can be used to simulate radiative transfer through porous media. As specific examples, I consider scattering transfer through a clumped slab, and X-ray emission line formation in a clumped wind. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17866 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Thomas, Kavita E. T1 - Modelling Correction Signalled by "But" in Dialogue N2 - Claiming that cross-speaker "but" can signal correction in dialogue, we start by describing the types of corrections "but" can communicate by focusing on the Speech Act (SA) communicated in the previous turn and address the ways in which "but" can correct what is communicated. We address whether "but" corrects the proposition, the direct SA or the discourse relation communicated in the previous turn. We will also briefly address other relations signalled by cross-turn "but". After presenting a typology of the situations "but" can correct, we will address how these corrections can be modelled in the Information State model of dialogue, motivating this work by showing how it can be used to potentially avoid misunderstandings. We wrap up by showing how the model presented here updates beliefs in the Information State representation of the dialogue and can be used to facilitate response deliberation. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10308 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Szeifert, T. T1 - Wind variabilities and asymmetries in Luminous Blue Variables N2 - Luminous Blue Variables show strong changes in their stellar wind on time scales of typically years to decades when they expand and contract radially at approximately constant luminosity. Micro-variability on shorter time scales and amplitudes can be observed superimposed to the larger scale radial changes. I will show long-term time series of high resolution spectra which we have collected in the past 20 years for many of the well known LBVs together with a few time series of weekly sampling (HR Car, R40, R71, R110, R127, S Dor) covering a time windows of up to a few months. Wind variability is seen on short and intermediate time scales with the line profiles changing from P Cygni to inverse P Cygni and double peeked profiles sometimes for the same star and spectral line. On longer time scales the ionisation levels for all chemical elements change drastically due to the strong change of the temperature on the stellar surface. While on the long term the characteristic radial changes may have impact on the over all mass loss rates, the variabilities and asymmetries on short and intermediate time scales may cause false estimates of the mass loss rates when confronting models with the observed line profiles Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18146 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - St-Louis, N. A1 - Moffat, Anthony F. J. T1 - Do clumping corrections increase with decreasing mass-loss rates? N2 - We report on new mass-loss rate estimates for O stars in six massive binaries using the amplitude of orbital-phase dependent, linear-polarimetric variability caused by electron scattering off free electrons in the winds. Our estimated mass-loss rates for luminous O stars are independent of clumping. They suggest similar clumping corrections as for WR stars and do not support the recently proposed reduction in mass-loss rates of O stars by one or two orders of magnitude. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17696 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - St-Louis, N. T1 - Discussion: Binaries, colliding winds, LBVs and high energy radiation N2 - Clumping in hot-star winds : proceedings of an international workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 18. - 22. June 2007 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18155 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sonneborn, G. T1 - Imaging and spectroscopy with the James Webb Space Telescope N2 - The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a large, infrared-optimized space telescope scheduled for launch in 2013. JWST will find the first stars and galaxies that formed in the early universe, connecting the Big Bang to our own Milky Way galaxy. JWST will peer through dusty clouds to see stars forming planetary systems, connecting the MilkyWay to our own Solar System. JWST’s instruments are designed to work primarily in the infrared range of 1 - 28 μm, with some capability in the visible range. JWST will have a large mirror, 6.5 m in diameter, and will be diffraction-limited at 2 μm (0.1 arcsec resolution). JWST will be placed in an L2 orbit about 1.5 million km from the Earth. The instruments will provide imaging, coronography, and multi-object and integral-field spectroscopy across the 1 - 28 μm wavelength range. The breakthrough capabilities of JWST will enable new studies of massive star winds from the Milky Way to the early universe. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17983 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - Nicht-invasive Methoden in der Bodenlandschaftsforschung BT - Konzeption und Projekte N2 - Der Referent ist Leiter des Institutes für Bodenlandschaftsforschung am Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF) e. V. in Müncheberg. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7117 N1 - Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Smith, Nathan T1 - Independent signs of lower mass-loss rates for O-type stars N2 - I discuss observational evidence – independent of the direct spectral diagnostics of stellar winds themselves – suggesting that mass-loss rates for O stars need to be revised downward by roughly a factor of three or more, in line with recent observed mass-loss rates for clumped winds. These independent constraints include the large observed mass-loss rates in LBV eruptions, the large masses of evolved massive stars like LBVs and WNH stars, WR stars in lower metallicity environments, observed rotation rates of massive stars at different metallicity, supernovae that seem to defy expectations of high mass-loss rates in stellar evolution, and other clues. I pay particular attention to the role of feedback that would result from higher mass-loss rates, driving the star to the Eddington limit too soon, and therefore making higher rates appear highly implausible. Some of these arguments by themselves may have more than one interpretation, but together they paint a consistent picture that steady line-driven winds of O-type stars have lower mass-loss rates and are significantly clumped. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17659 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Seipel, Dietmar T1 - Practical Applications of Extended Deductive Databases in DATALOG* N2 - A wide range of additional forward chaining applications could be realized with deductive databases, if their rule formalism, their immediate consequence operator, and their fixpoint iteration process would be more flexible. Deductive databases normally represent knowledge using stratified Datalog programs with default negation. But many practical applications of forward chaining require an extensible set of user–defined built–in predicates. Moreover, they often need function symbols for building complex data structures, and the stratified fixpoint iteration has to be extended by aggregation operations. We present an new language Datalog*, which extends Datalog by stratified meta–predicates (including default negation), function symbols, and user–defined built–in predicates, which are implemented and evaluated top–down in Prolog. All predicates are subject to the same backtracking mechanism. The bottom–up fixpoint iteration can aggregate the derived facts after each iteration based on user–defined Prolog predicates. KW - deductive databases KW - Prolog KW - forward / backward chaining KW - bottom–up KW - top– down KW - built–in predicates KW - stratification KW - function symbols KW - XM Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41457 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schulz, Karsten T1 - Die Bedeutung räumlicher Strukturen und Muster für das hydrologische Prozessgeschehen N2 - Der Referent ist stellvertretender Leiter des Departments Angewandte Landschaftsökologie des UFZ - Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle am Fachbereich Umweltsystemmodellierung
Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 20066 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7087 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schultze, Winfried T1 - Zufall – Wunsch – Planung : die Erwerbung von Nachlässen zur Bestandsergänzung N2 - Nachlässe sind persönliches Eigentum und unterliegen deshalb keiner Abgabepflicht. Der Wunsch des Nachlassers bezüglich der weiteren Aufbewahrung seines schriftlichen Erbes ist demzufolge primär gegenüber allen unseren Wünschen. Wir können nicht fordern, sondern nur bitten, uns durch eigene Leistungen anbieten und die zukünftigen Nachlassenden oder deren Erben überzeugen. Die nicht vorhandene institutionelle Zuständigkeit für die Übernahme von Nachlässen erzeugt die Reibungspunkte zwischen den Einrichtungen, die sich um den Erwerb von Nachlässen bemühen: Archive – Bibliotheken – Museen - Sammlungen. Die Wünsche zum Erwerb des Nachlasses einer bestimmten Person – egal ob Wissenschaftler, Künstler oder Politiker – sind demzufolge immer an verschiedenen Orten gleichzeitig vorhanden. Der Zufall entscheidet dann leider meist darüber, an welcher Stelle der Nachlass zukünftig verwahrt und wissenschaftlich genutzt wird. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob wir auf solche Zufälle hoffen und warten sollen, oder ob wir nicht eher eine engagierte – gemeinsam zwischen den Archiven abgestimmte - Erwerbspolitik betrieben sollten. ------------ Beiträge zum Thema "Nachlässe an Universitäts- und Hochschularchiven sowie Archiven wissenschaftlicher Institutionen" im Rahmen der Frühjahrstagung der Fachgruppe 8: "Archivare an Hochschularchiven und Archiven wissenschaftlicher Institutionen" am 16./17. Juni an der Universität Potsdam. KW - Archiv KW - Nachlass Y1 - 2005 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-6098 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schrijvers, Tom T1 - Overview of the monadic constraint programming framework N2 - A constraint programming system combines two essential components: a constraint solver and a search engine. The constraint solver reasons about satisfiability of conjunctions of constraints, and the search engine controls the search for solutions by iteratively exploring a disjunctive search tree defined by the constraint program. The Monadic Constraint Programming framework gives a monadic definition of constraint programming where the solver is defined as a monad threaded through the monadic search tree. Search and search strategies can then be defined as firstclass objects that can themselves be built or extended by composable search transformers. Search transformers give a powerful and unifying approach to viewing search in constraint programming, and the resulting constraint programming system is first class and extremely flexible. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41411 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schnurr, O. A1 - Crowther, P. A. T1 - Mid-IR observations of WC stars, and the connection to wind clumping N2 - We present preliminary results of a tailored atmosphere analysis of six Galactic WC stars using UV, optical, and mid-infrared Spitzer IRS data. With these data, we are able to sample regions from 10 to 10³ stellar radii, thus to determine wind clumping in different parts of the wind. Ultimately, derived wind parameters will be used to accuratelymeasure neon abundances, and to so test predicted nuclear-reaction rates. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17884 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schnerr, R. S. A1 - Henrichs, H. F. T1 - Magnetic fields and wind variability in massive stars N2 - This paper describes the thesis work of Schnerr (2007) entitled ”Magnetic fields and mass loss in massive stars“, which aimed at a better understanding of the impact of magnetic fields on the winds of massive stars. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18075 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmid, Gerhard T1 - Archivarische und bibliothekarische Verfahren der Nachlassbearbeitung N2 - Beiträge zum Thema "Nachlässe an Universitäts- und Hochschularchiven sowie Archiven wissenschaftlicher Institutionen" im Rahmen der Frühjahrstagung der Fachgruppe 8: "Archivare an Hochschularchiven und Archiven wissenschaftlicher Institutionen" am 16./17. Juni an der Universität Potsdam. KW - Archiv KW - Universitätsarchiv KW - Nachlass Y1 - 2005 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-6228 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Saléschus, Dirk T1 - On resolving long distance dependencies in Russian verbs N2 - Morphological analyses based on word syntax approaches can encounter difficulties with long distance dependencies. The reason is that in some cases an affix has to have access to the inner structure of the form with which it combines. One solution is the percolation of features from ther inner morphemes to the outer morphemes with some process of feature unification. However, the obstacle of percolation constraints or stipulated features has lead some linguists to argue in favour of other frameworks such as, e.g., realizational morphology or parallel approaches like optimality theory. This paper proposes a linguistic analysis of two long distance dependencies in the morphology of Russian verbs, namely secondary imperfectivization and deverbal nominalization.We show how these processes can be reanalysed as local dependencies. Although finitestate frameworks are not bound by such linguistically motivated considerations, we present an implementation of our analysis as proposed in [1] that does not complicate the grammar or enlarge the network unproportionally. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27235 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Saget, Sylvie A1 - Guyomard, Marc T1 - Goal-oriented dialog as a collaborative subordinated activity involving collective acceptance N2 - Modeling dialog as a collaborative activity consists notably in specifying the contain of the Conversational Common Ground and the kind of social mental state involved. In previous work (Saget, 2006), we claim that Collective Acceptance is the proper social attitude for modeling Conversational Common Ground in the particular case of goal-oriented dialog. We provide a formalization of Collective Acceptance, besides elements in order to integrate this attitude in a rational model of dialog are provided; and finally, a model of referential acts as being part of a collaborative activity is provided. The particular case of reference has been chosen in order to exemplify our claims. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10420 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Runacres, M. C. T1 - Hydrodynamical models of clumping beyond 50 R∗ N2 - We present one-dimensional, time-dependent models of the clumps generated by the linedeshadowing instability. In order to follow the clumps out to distances of more than 1000 R∗, we use an efficient moving-box technique. We show that, within the approximations, the wind can remain clumped well into the formation region of the radio continuum. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18030 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rossmanith, Eva A1 - Blaum, Niels A1 - Keil, Manfred A1 - Langerwisch, F. A1 - Meyer, Jork A1 - Popp, Alexander A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Schultz, Christoph A1 - Schwager, Monika A1 - Vogel, Melanie A1 - Wasiolka, Bernd A1 - Jeltsch, Florian T1 - Scaling up local population dynamics to regional scales BT - an integrated approach N2 - In semi-arid savannas, unsustainable land use can lead to degradation of entire landscapes, e.g. in the form of shrub encroachment. This leads to habitat loss and is assumed to reduce species diversity. In BIOTA phase 1, we investigated the effects of land use on population dynamics on farm scale. In phase 2 we scale up to consider the whole regional landscape consisting of a diverse mosaic of farms with different historic and present land use intensities. This mosaic creates a heterogeneous, dynamic pattern of structural diversity at a large spatial scale. Understanding how the region-wide dynamic land use pattern affects the abundance of animal and plant species requires the integration of processes on large as well as on small spatial scales. In our multidisciplinary approach, we integrate information from remote sensing, genetic and ecological field studies as well as small scale process models in a dynamic region-wide simulation tool.
Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7320 N1 - [Poster] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Romero, G. E. A1 - Owocki, S. P. A1 - Araudo, A. T. A1 - Townsend, R. H. D. A1 - Benaglia, P. T1 - Using gamma-rays to probe the clumped structure of stellar winds N2 - Gamma-rays can be produced by the interaction of a relativistic jet and the matter of the stellar wind in the subclass of massive X-ray binaries known as “microquasars”. The relativistic jet is ejected from the surroundings of the compact object and interacts with cold protons from the stellar wind, producing pions that then quickly decay into gamma-rays. Since the resulting gamma-ray emissivity depends on the target density, the detection of rapid variability in microquasars with GLAST and the new generation of Cherenkov imaging arrays could be used to probe the clumped structure of the stellar wind. In particular, we show here that the relative fluctuation in gamma rays may scale with the square root of the ratio of porosity length to binary separation, $\sqrt{h/a}$, implying for example a ca. 10% variation in gamma ray emission for a quite moderate porosity, h/a ∼ 0.01. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18210 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reyes-Iturbide, J. A1 - Velázquez, P. A1 - Rosado, M. T1 - 3D numerical model for an asymmetrical superbubble N2 - Massive stars usually form groups such as OB associations. Their fast stellar winds sweep up collectively the surrounding insterstellar medium (ISM) to generate superbubbles. Observations suggest that superbubble evolution on the surrounding ISM can be very irregular. Numerical simulations considering these conditions could help to understand the evolution of these superbubbles and to clarify the dynamics of these objects as well as the difference between observed X-ray luminosities and the predicted ones by the standard model (Weaver et al. 1977). Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17724 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reimer, O. A1 - Aharonian, Felix A. A1 - Hinton, J. A1 - Hofmann, W. A1 - Hoppe, S. A1 - Raue, M. A1 - Reimer, A. T1 - VHE gamma-rays from Westerlund 2 and implications for the inferred energetics N2 - The H.E.S.S. collaboration recently reported the discovery of VHE γ-ray emission coincident with the young stellar cluster Westerlund 2. This system is known to host a population of hot, massive stars, and, most particularly, the WR binary WR 20a. Particle acceleration to TeV energies in Westerlund 2 can be accomplished in several alternative scenarios, therefore we only discuss energetic constraints based on the total available kinetic energy in the system, the actual mass loss rates of respective cluster members, and implied gamma-ray production from processes such as inverse Compton scattering or neutral pion decay. From the inferred gammaray luminosity of the order of 1035erg/s, implications for the efficiency of converting available kinetic energy into non-thermal radiation associated with stellar winds in the Westerlund 2 cluster are discussed under consideration of either the presence or absence of wind clumping. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18172 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reimer, A. T1 - Clumping effects on non-thermal particle spectra in massive star systems N2 - Observational evidence exists that winds of massive stars are clumped. Many massive star systems are known as non-thermal particle production sites, as indicated by their synchrotron emission in the radio band. As a consequence they are also considered as candidate sites for non-thermal high-energy photon production up to gamma-ray energies. The present work considers the effects of wind clumpiness expected on the emitting relativistic particle spectrum in colliding wind systems, built up from the pool of thermal wind particles through diffusive particle acceleration, and taking into account inverse Compton and synchrotron losses. In comparison to a homogeneous wind, a clumpy wind causes flux variations of the emitting particle spectrum when the clump enters the wind collision region. It is found that the spectral features associated with this variability moves temporally from low to high energy bands with the time shift between any two spectral bands being dependent on clump size, filling factor, and the energy-dependence of particle energy gains and losses. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18246 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rehak, Katrin A1 - Strecker, Manfred A1 - Echtler, Helmut Peter T1 - DEM supported tectonic geomorphology : the Coastal Cordillera of the South-Central Chilean active margin ; [Poster] N2 - Fluvial systems are one of the major features shaping a landscape. They adjust to the prevailing tectonic and climatic setting and therefore are very sensitive markers of changes in these systems. If their response to tectonic and climatic forcing is quantified and if the climatic signal is excluded, it is possible to derive a local deformation history. Here, we investigate fluvial terraces and erosional surfaces in the southern Chilean forearc to assess a long-term geomorphic and hence tectonic evolution. Remote sensing and field studies of the Nahuelbuta Range show that the long-term deformation of the Chilean forearc is manifested by breaks in topography, sequences of differentially uplifted marine, alluvial and strath terraces as well as tectonically modified river courses and drainage basins. We used SRTM-90-data as basic elevation information for extracting and delineating drainage networks. We calculated hypsometric curves as an indicator for basin uplift, stream-length gradient indices to identify stream segments with anomalous slopes, and longitudinal river profiles as well as DS-plots to identify knickpoints and other anomalies. In addition, we investigated topography with elevation-slope graphs, profiles, and DEMs to reveal erosional surfaces. During the first field trip we already measured palaeoflow directions, performed pebble counting and sampled the fluvial terraces in order to apply cosmogenic nuclide dating (10Be, 26Al) as well as provenance analyses. Our preliminary analysis of the Coastal Cordillera indicates a clear segmentation between the northern and southern parts of the Nahuelbuta Range. The Lanalhue Fault, a NW-SE striking fault zone oblique to the plate boundary, defines the segment boundary. Furthermore, we find a complex drainage re-organisation including a drainage reversal and wind gap on the divide between the Tirúa and Pellahuén basins east of the town Tirúa. The coastal basins lost most of their Andean sediment supply areas that existed in Tertiary and in part during early Pleistocene time. Between the Bío-Bío and Imperial rivers no Andean river is recently capable to traverse the Coastal Cordillera, suggesting ongoing Quaternary uplift of the entire range. From the spatial distribution of geomorphic surfaces in this region two uplift signals may be derived: (1) a long-term differential uplift process, active since the Miocene and possibly caused by underplating of subducted trench sediments, (2) a younger, local uplift affecting only the northern part of the Nahuelbuta Range that may be caused by the interaction of the forearc with the subduction of the Mocha Fracture Zone at the latitude of the Arauco peninsula. Our approach thus provides results in our attempt to decipher the characteristics of forearc development of active convergent margins using long-term geomorphic indicators. Furthermore, it is expected that our ongoing assessment will constrain repeatedly active zones of deformation.
Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7224 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raassen, A. J. J. A1 - Hucht, K. A. van der A1 - Miller, N. A. A1 - Cassinelli, Joseph P. T1 - XMM-Newton observations of zeta Orionis (O9.7 Ib) : a collisional ionization equilibrium model N2 - We present the analysis of XMM-Newton observations of ζ Orionis. The analysis is based on fitting to the total spectrum as well as diagnostics of individual line. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17747 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Puls, Joachim A1 - Markova, N. A1 - Najarro, F. A1 - Hanson, M. M. T1 - Clumping in O-star winds N2 - We review various diagnostics of clumping in O-star winds, with special emphasis on its radial stratification. Implications and problems are discussed, and promising NIR methods are presented. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17683 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Puls, Joachim T1 - Discussion : X-rays N2 - Clumping in hot-star winds : proceedings of an international workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 18. - 22. June 2007 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18000 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Prinja, R. K. A1 - Hodges, S. E. A1 - Massa, D. L. A1 - Fullerton, A. W. A1 - Burnley, A. W. T1 - Structure in the fast wind of NGC6543 N2 - We exploit time-series $FUSE$ spectroscopy to {\it uniquely} probe spatial structure and clumping in the fast wind of the central star of the H-rich planetary nebula NGC~6543 (HD~164963). Episodic and recurrent optical depth enhancements are discovered in the P{\sc v} absorption troughs, with some evidence for a $\sim$ 0.17-day modulation time-scale. The characteristics of these features are essentially identical to the discrete absorption components' (DACs) commonly seen in the UV lines of massive OB stars, suggesting the temporal structures seen in NGC~6543 likely have a physical origin that is similar to that operating in massive, luminous stars. The mechanism for forming coherent perturbations in the outflows is therefore apparently operating equally in the radiation-pressure-driven winds of widely differing momenta ($\mdot$$v_\infty$$R_\star^{0.5}$) and flow times, as represented by OB stars and CSPN. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17788 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Popp, Alexander A1 - Blaum, Niels A1 - Domptail, Stephanie A1 - Herpel, Nicole A1 - Gröngröft, Alexander A1 - Hoffman, T. T. A1 - Jürgens, Norbert A1 - Milton, Sue A1 - Nuppenau, Ernst-August A1 - Rossmanith, Eva A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Vogel, Melanie A1 - Vohland, Katrin A1 - Jeltsch, Florian T1 - From satellite imagery to soil-plant interactions BT - integrating disciplines and scales in process based simulation models N2 - Decisions for the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable management of natural resources are typically related to large scales, i.e. the landscape level. However, understanding and predicting the effects of land use and climate change on scales relevant for decision-making requires to include both, large scale vegetation dynamics and small scale processes, such as soil-plant interactions. Integrating the results of multiple BIOTA subprojects enabled us to include necessary data of soil science, botany, socio-economics and remote sensing into a high resolution, process-based and spatially-explicit model. Using an example from a sustainably-used research farm and a communally used and degraded farming area in semiarid southern Namibia we show the power of simulation models as a tool to integrate processes across disciplines and scales. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7302 N1 - Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006. [Poster] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Piskorski, Jakub T1 - ExPRESS : extraction pattern recognition engine and specification suite N2 - The emergence of information extraction (IE) oriented pattern engines has been observed during the last decade. Most of them exploit heavily finite-state devices. This paper introduces ExPRESS – a new extraction pattern engine, whose rules are regular expressions over flat feature structures. The underlying pattern language is a blend of two previously introduced IE oriented pattern formalisms, namely, JAPE, used in the widely known GATE system, and the unificationbased XTDL formalism used in SProUT. A brief and technical overview of ExPRESS, its pattern language and the pool of its native linguistic components is given. Furthermore, the implementation of the grammar interpreter is addressed too. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27227 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Padró, Muntsa A1 - Padró, Lluís T1 - ME-CSSR : an extension of CSSR using maximum entropy models N2 - In this work an extension of CSSR algorithm using Maximum Entropy Models is introduced. Preliminary experiments to perform Named Entity Recognition with this new system are presented. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27210 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Owocki, S. P. T1 - Dynamical simulation of the “velocity-porosity” reduction in observed strength of stellar wind lines N2 - I use dynamical simulations of the line-driven instability to examine the potential role of the resulting flow structure in reducing the observed strength of wind absorption lines. Instead of the porosity length formalism used to model effects on continuum absorption, I suggest reductions in line strength can be better characterized in terms of a velocity clumping factor that is insensitive to spatial scales. Examples of dynamic spectra computed directly from instability simulations do exhibit a net reduction in absorption, but only at a modest 10-20% level that is well short of the ca. factor 10 required by recent analyses of PV lines. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17992 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ohrnberger, Matthias A1 - Wassermann, Joachim A1 - Richter, Gudrun T1 - Automatic detection and classification of seismic signals for monitoring purposes N2 - Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7294 N1 - [Poster] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Oetsch, Johannes A1 - Schwengerer, Martin A1 - Tompits, Hans T1 - Kato: a plagiarism-detection tool for answer-set programs N2 - We present the tool Kato which is, to the best of our knowledge, the first tool for plagiarism detection that is directly tailored for answer-set programming (ASP). Kato aims at finding similarities between (segments of) logic programs to help detecting cases of plagiarism. Currently, the tool is realised for DLV programs but it is designed to handle various logic-programming syntax versions. We review basic features and the underlying methodology of the tool. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41485 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nielsen, K. E. T1 - On irregular line profiles in the optical spectrum of Eta Carinae N2 - The optical spectrum of Eta Carinae (η Car) is prominent in H I, He i and Fe ii wind lines, all of which vary both in absorption and emission with phase. The phase dependance is a consequence of the interaction between the two objects in the η Car binary (η Car A & B). The binary system is enshrouded by ejecta from previous mass ejection events and consequently, η Car B is not directly observable. We have traced the He i lines over η Car’s spectroscopic period, using HST/STIS data obtained with medium spectral, but high angular, resolving power, and created a radial velocity curve for the system. The He I lines are formed in the core of the system, and appear to be a composite of multiple features formed in spatially separated regions. The sources of their irregular line profiles are still not fully understood, but can be attributed to emission/absorption near the wind-wind interface and/or a direct consequence of the η Car A’s, massive, clumpy wind. This paper will discuss the spectral variability, the narrow emission structure of the He i lines and how clumpiness of the winds may impede the construction of the reliable radial velocity curve, necessary for characterizations of especially η Car B. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18227 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Najarro, F. A1 - Puls, Joachim A1 - Herrero, A. A1 - Hanson, M. M. A1 - Martín-Pintado, J. A1 - Hillier, D. J. T1 - Tracking the Clumping in OB Stars from UV to radio N2 - We review different line and continua diagnostics from the UV to radio, which can be utilized to simultaneously constrain the clumping structure throughout the stellar wind of massive OB stars. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17701 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Märker, Michael A1 - Schröder-Esselbach, Boris A1 - Capolongo, Domenico A1 - Bentivenga, Mario T1 - Geomorphological and pedological processes in badland areas of Southern Italy and their interaction with Mediterranean vegetation N2 - Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7288 N1 - [Poster] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Morrison, N. D. A1 - Rother, R. A1 - Kurschat, N. T1 - Hα line profile variability in the B8Ia-type supergiant Rigel (β Ori) N2 - Hα observations of Rigel obtained on 184 nights during the past ten years with the 1-m telescope and ´echelle spectrograph of Ritter Observatory are surveyed. The line profiles were classified in terms of morphology. About 1/4 of them are of P Cygni type, about 15% inverse P Cygni, about 25% double-peaked, about 1/3 pure absorption, and a few are single emission lines. Transformation of the profile from one type to another typically takes a few days. Although the line stays in absorption for extended intervals, only one high-velocity absorption event of the intensity reported by Kaufer et al. (1996a) was observed, in late 2006. Late in this event, Hα absorption occurred farther to the red than the red wing of a plausible photospheric absorption component, an indication of infalling material. In general, as the absorption events come to an end, the emission typically returns with an inverse P Cygni profile. The Hα profile class shows no obvious correlation with the radial velocity of C II λ6578, a photospheric absorption line. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18120 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Moffat, Anthony F. J. A1 - Hillier, D. J. A1 - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer A1 - Owocki, S. P. T1 - General Discussion N2 - Clumping in hot-star winds : proceedings of an international workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 18. - 22. June 2007 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17953 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Moffat, Anthony F. J. T1 - Observational overview of clumping in hot stellar winds N2 - In the old days (pre ∼1990) hot stellar winds were assumed to be smooth, which made life fairly easy and bothered no one. Then after suspicious behaviour had been revealed, e.g. stochastic temporal variability in broadband polarimetry of single hot stars, it took the emerging CCD technology developed in the preceding decades (∼1970-80’s) to reveal that these winds were far from smooth. It was mainly high-S/N, time-dependent spectroscopy of strong optical recombination emission lines in WR, and also a few OB and other stars with strong hot winds, that indicated all hot stellar winds likely to be pervaded by thousands of multiscale (compressible supersonic turbulent?) structures, whose driver is probably some kind of radiative instability. Quantitative estimates of clumping-independent mass-loss rates came from various fronts, mainly dependent directly on density (e.g. electron-scattering wings of emission lines, UV spectroscopy of weak resonance lines, and binary-star properties including orbital-period changes, electron-scattering, and X-ray fluxes from colliding winds) rather than the more common, easier-to-obtain but clumping-dependent density-squared diagnostics (e.g. free-free emission in the IR/radio and recombination lines, of which the favourite has always been Hα). Many big questions still remain, such as: What do the clumps really look like? Do clumping properties change as one recedes from the mother star? Is clumping universal? Does the relative clumping correction depend on $\dot{M}$ itself? Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17633 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mills, Gregory J. A1 - Healey, Patrick G. T. T1 - Clarifying spatial descriptions : local and global effects on semantic co-ordination N2 - A key problem for models of dialogue is to explain the mechanisms involved in generating and responding to clarification requests. We report a 'Maze task' experiment that investigates the effect of 'spoof' clarification requests on the development of semantic co-ordination. The results provide evidence of both local and global semantic co-ordination phenomena that are not captured by existing dialogue co-ordination models. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10414 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Massa, D. L. A1 - Prinja, R. K. A1 - Fullerton, A. W. T1 - The effects of clumping on wind line variability N2 - We review the effects of clumping on the profiles of resonance doublets. By allowing the ratio of the doublet oscillator strenghts to be a free parameter, we demonstrate that doublet profiles contain more information than is normally utilized. In clumped (or porous) winds, this ratio can lies between unity and the ratio of the f-values, and can change as a function of velocity and time, depending on the fraction of the stellar disk that is covered by material moving at a particular velocity at a given moment. Using these insights, we present the results of SEI modeling of a sample of B supergiants, ζ Pup and a time series for a star whose terminal velocity is low enough to make the components of its Si VIλλ1400 independent. These results are interpreted within the framewrok of the Oskinova et al. (2007) model, and demonstrate how the doublet profiles can be used to extract infromation about wind structure. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18095 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Massa, D. L. T1 - Discussion: Spectroscopy and Mass-Loss Diagnostics Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17821 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Marchenko, S. V. T1 - Wind inhomogeneities in low-Z environment : observations N2 - We discuss the results of time-resolved spectroscopy of three presumably single Population I Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud, where the ambient metallicity is $\sim 1/5 Z_\odot$. We were able to detect and follow numerous small-scale wind-embedded inhomogeneities in all observed stars. The general properties of the moving features, such as their velocity dispersions, emissivities and average accelerations, closely match the corresponding characteristics of small-scale inhomogeneities in the winds of Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17769 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Macura, Zoran A1 - Ginzburg, Jonathan T1 - Acquiring words across generations : introspectively or interactively? N2 - How does a shared lexicon arise in population of agents with differing lexicons, and how can this shared lexicon be maintained over multiple generations? In order to get some insight into these questions we present an ALife model in which the lexicon dynamics of populations that possess and lack metacommunicative interaction (MCI) capabilities are compared. We ran a series of experiments on multi-generational populations whose initial state involved agents possessing distinct lexicons. These experiments reveal some clear differences in the lexicon dynamics of populations that acquire words solely by introspection contrasted with populations that learn using MCI or using a mixed strategy of introspection and MCI. The lexicon diverges at a faster rate for an introspective population, eventually collapsing to one single form which is associated with all meanings. This contrasts sharply with MCI capable populations in which a lexicon is maintained, where every meaning is associated with a unique word. We also investigated the effect of increasing the meaning space and showed that it speeds up the lexicon divergence for all populations irrespective of their acquisition method. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10408 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lücking, Andy A1 - Rieser, Hannes A1 - Staudacher, Marc T1 - Multi-modal integration for gesture and speech N2 - Demonstratives, in particular gestures that "only" accompany speech, are not a big issue in current theories of grammar. If we deal with gestures, fixing their function is one big problem, the other one is how to integrate the representations originating from different channels and, ultimately, how to determine their composite meanings. The growing interest in multi-modal settings, computer simulations, human-machine interfaces and VRapplications increases the need for theories ofmultimodal structures and events. In our workshopcontribution we focus on the integration of multimodal contents and investigate different approaches dealing with this problem such as Johnston et al. (1997) and Johnston (1998), Johnston and Bangalore (2000), Chierchia (1995), Asher (2005), and Rieser (2005). Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10393 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lücking, Andy A1 - Rieser, Hannes A1 - Staudacher, Marc T1 - SDRT and multi-modal situated communication N2 - Classical SDRT (Asher and Lascarides, 2003) discussed essential features of dialogue like adjacency pairs or corrections and up-dating. Recent work in SDRT (Asher, 2002, 2005) aims at the description of natural dialogue. We use this work to model situated communication, i.e. dialogue, in which sub-sentential utterances and gestures (pointing and grasping) are used as conventional modes of communication. We show that in addition to cognitive modelling in SDRT, capturing mental states and speech-act related goals, special postulates are needed to extract meaning out of contexts. Gestural meaning anchors Discourse Referents in contextually given domains. Both sorts of meaning are fused with the meaning of fragments to get at fully developed dialogue moves. This task accomplished, the standard SDRT machinery, tagged SDRSs, rhetorical relations, the up-date mechanism, and the Maximize Discourse Coherence constraint generate coherent structures. In sum, meanings from different verbal and non-verbal sources are assembled using extended SDRT to form coherent wholes. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10348 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lobel, A. T1 - Modeling DACs in UV lines of massive hot stars N2 - We apply the 3-dimensional radiative transport codeWind3D to 3D hydrodynamic models of Corotating Interaction Regions to fit the detailed variability of Discrete Absorption Components observed in Si iv UV resonance lines of HD 64760 (B0.5 Ib). We discuss important effects of the hydrodynamic input parameters on these large-scale equatorial wind structures that determine the detailed morphology of the DACs computed with 3D transfer. The best fit model reveals that the CIR in HD 64760 is produced by a source at the base of the wind that lags behind the stellar surface rotation. The non-corotating coherent wind structure is an extended density wave produced by a local increase of only 0.6% in the smooth symmetric wind mass-loss rate. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17856 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Liermann, A. A1 - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer T1 - Clumping in Galactic WN stars : a comparison of mass loss rates from UV/optical & radio diagnostics N2 - The mass loss rates and other parameters for a large sample of Galactic WN stars have been revised by Hamann et al. (2006), using the most up-to date Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) model atmospheres. For a sub-sample of these stars exist measurements of their radio free-free emission. After harmonizing the adopted distance and terminal wind velocities, we compare the mass loss rates obtained from the two diagnostics. The differences are discussed as a possible consequence of different clumping contrast in the line-forming and radio-emitting regions. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17816 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Leutenegger, M. A. A1 - Cohen, David H. A1 - Kahn, S. M. A1 - Owocki, S. P. A1 - Paerels, F. B. S. T1 - Resonance scattering in the X-ray emission lines profiles of ζ Puppis N2 - We present XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer observations of pairs of X-ray emission line profiles from the O star ζ Pup that originate from the same He-like ion. The two profiles in each pair have different shapes and cannot both be consistently fit by models assuming the same wind parameters. We show that the differences in profile shape can be accounted for in a model including the effects of resonance scattering, which affects the resonance line in the pair but not the intercombination line. This implies that resonance scattering is also important in single resonance lines, where its effect is difficult to distinguish from a low effective continuum optical depth in the wind. Thus, resonance scattering may help reconcile X-ray line profile shapes with literature mass-loss rates. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18085 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lascarides, Alex A1 - Stone, Matthew T1 - Formal semantics for iconic gesture N2 - We present a formal analysis of iconic coverbal gesture. Our model describes the incomplete meaning of gesture that’s derivable from its form, and the pragmatic reasoning that yields a more specific interpretation. Our formalism builds on established models of discourse interpretation to capture key insights from the descriptive literature on gesture: synchronous speech and gesture express a single thought, but while the form of iconic gesture is an important clue to its interpretation, the content of gesture can be resolved only by linking it to its context. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10330 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kühling, Matthias A1 - Märker, Michael A1 - Zehe, Erwin ED - Gzik, Axel ED - Hochschild, Volker ED - Schneider, Ingo ED - Schröder, Boris T1 - Musterdynamik und Fernerkundung in der Döberitzer Heide : [Poster] N2 - Mit der politischen Wende in den Staaten des ehemaligen Ostblockes wurde für viele militärisch genutzte Flächen ein tiefgreifender Nutzungswandel eingeleitet. Truppenübungsplätze als stark gestörte Bestandteile unserer Kulturlandschaft weisen auf großen Flächen naturschutzfachlich wertvolle Habitatmosaike mit speziellen Lebensgemeinschaften auf. Der Nutzungswandel ist mit einer Veränderung der Vegetationsstrukturen (Sukzession) und weiteren landschaftsökologischen Prozessen verbunden. Der ehemalige Truppenübungsplatz Döberitz im Norden der Landeshauptstadt Potsdam kann auf eine lange militärische Nutzungsgeschichte verweisen (erste Manöver des Soldatenkönigs im Jahr 1713). Nach 1992 wurden das NSG Döberitzer Heide (3.415 ha) und das NSG Ferbitzer Bruch (1.155 ha) ausgewiesen. Als Schutzgebiete nach der Vogelschutzrichtlinie sind sie Bestandteile des kohärenten Schutzgebietssystems Natura 2000 der europäischen Gemeinschaft. Trotz des Schutzstatus und der militärischen Altlasten unterliegt das Gebiet als größte zusammenhängende Naturfläche im engeren Verflechtungsraum des Landes Brandenburg einem hohen Nutzungsdruck.
Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7277 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kusterer, D.-J. A1 - Nagel, T. A1 - Werner, K. A1 - Feldmeier, Achim T1 - Radiative transfer in CV disk winds N2 - Mass accretion onto compact objects through accretion disks is a common phenomenon in the universe. It is seen in all energy domains from active galactic nuclei through cataclysmic variables (CVs) to young stellar objects. Because CVs are fairly easy to observe, they provide an ideal opportunity to study accretion disks in great detail and thus help us to understand accretion also in other energy ranges. Mass accretion in these objects is often accompanied by mass outflow from the disks. This accretion disk wind, at least in CVs, is thought to be radiatively driven, similar to O star winds. WOMPAT, a 3-D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code for accretion disk winds of CVs is presented. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17847 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kuhnert, Matthias A1 - Güntner, Andreas A1 - Klann, Mechthild A1 - Martin Garrido, F. A1 - Zillgens, Birgit T1 - Methods for spatial pattern comparison in distributed hydrological modelling : [Poster] N2 - The rigorous development, application and validation of distributed hydrological models obligates to evaluate data in a spatially distributed way. In particular, spatial model predictions such as the distribution of soil moisture, runoff generating areas or nutrient-contributing areas or erosion rates, are to be assessed against spatially distributed observations. Also model inputs, such as the distribution of modelling units derived by GIS and remote sensing analyses, should be evaluated against groundbased observations of landscape characteristics. So far, however, quantitative methods of spatial field comparison have rarely been used in hydrology. In this paper, we present algorithms that allow to compare observed and simulated spatial hydrological data. The methods can be applied for binary and categorical data on regular grids. They comprise cell-by-cell algorithms, cell-neighbourhood approaches that account for fuzziness of location, and multi-scale algorithms that evaluate the similarity of spatial fields with changing resolution. All methods provide a quantitative measure of the similarity of two maps. The comparison methods are applied in two mountainous catchments in southern Germany (Brugga, 40 km2) and Austria (Löhnersbach, 16 km2). As an example of binary hydrological data, the distribution of saturated areas is analyzed in both catchments. For categorical data, vegetation zones that are associated with different runoff generation mechanisms are analyzed in the Löhnersbach. Mapped spatial patterns are compared to simulated patterns from terrain index calculations and from satellite image analysis. It is discussed how particular features of visual similarity between the spatial fields are captured by the quantitative measures, leading to recommendations on suitable algorithms in the context of evaluating distributed hydrological models. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7160 N1 - Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kubát, Jiří A1 - Saad, S. M. T1 - Moving absorption bumps in the spectra of Be stars N2 - Several Be binaries exhibit an absorption bump moving across the blue wing of hydrogen emission lines towards the line center. This bump is demonstrated for the case of two bright Be stars, κ Dra and 4 Her. It is not clear what is the reason for this travelling bump. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17879 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krtička, Jiri A1 - Puls, Joachim A1 - Kubát, Jiří T1 - The influence of clumping on predicted O star wind parameters N2 - We study the influence of clumping on the predicted wind structure of O-type stars. For this purpose we artificially include clumping into our stationary wind models. When the clumps are assumed to be optically thin, the radiative line force increases compared to corresponding unclumped models, with a similar effect on either the mass-loss rate or the terminal velocity (depending on the onset of clumping). Optically thick clumps, alternatively, might be able to decrease the radiative force. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17969 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kraus, M. A1 - Kubát, Jiří A1 - Krtička, Jiri T1 - Wind emission of OB supergiants and the influence of clumping N2 - The influence of the wind to the total continuum of OB supergiants is discussed. For wind velocity distributions with β > 1.0, the wind can have strong influence to the total continuum emission, even at optical wavelengths. Comparing the continuum emission of clumped and unclumped winds, especially for stars with high β values, delivers flux differences of up to 30% with maximum in the near-IR. Continuum observations at these wavelengths are therefore an ideal tool to discriminate between clumped and unclumped winds of OB supergiants. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17757 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kranstedt, Alfred A1 - Lücking, Andy A1 - Pfeiffer, Thies A1 - Rieser, Hannes A1 - Staudacher, Marc T1 - Measuring and reconstructing pointing in visual contexts N2 - We describe an experiment to gather original data on geometrical aspects of pointing. In particular, we are focusing upon the concept of the pointing cone, a geometrical model of a pointing’s extension. In our setting we employed methodological and technical procedures of a new type to integrate data from annotations as well as from tracker recordings. We combined exact information on position and orientation with rater’s classifications. Our first results seem to challenge classical linguistic and philosophical theories of demonstration in that they advise to separate pointings from reference. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10362 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kholtygin, A. F. T1 - Wavelets for looking for clumping in the wind of OB stars N2 - Clumping in hot-star winds : proceedings of an international workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 18. - 22. June 2007 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17796 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kholtygin, A. F. T1 - Modelling the induced clumping stochastic line profile variability N2 - We model the line profile variability (lpv) in spectra of clumped stellar atmospheres using the Stochastic Clump Model (SCM) of the winds of early-type stars. In this model the formation of dense inhomogeneities (clumps) in the line driven winds is considered as being a stochastic process. It is supposed that the emission due to clumps mainly contributes to the intensities of emission lines in the stellar spectra. It is shown that in the framework of the SCM it is possible to reproduce both the mean line profiles and a common pattern of the lpv. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18180 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kempson, Ruth A1 - Cann, Ronnie T1 - Dialogue pressures and syntactic change N2 - On the basis of the Dynamic Syntax framework, this paper argues that the production pressures in dialogue determining alignment effects and given versus new informational effects also drive the shift from case-rich free word order systems without clitic pronouns into systems with clitic pronouns with rigid relative ordering. The paper introduces assumptions of Dynamic Syntax, in particular the building up of interpretation through structural underspecification and update, sketches the attendant account of production with close coordination of parsing and production strategies, and shows how what was at the Latin stage a purely pragmatic, production-driven decision about linear ordering becomes encoded in the clitics in theMedieval Spanish system which then through successive steps of routinization yield the modern systems with immediately pre-verbal fixed clitic templates. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10469 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kaufmann, Hermann T1 - Abbildende Spektrometrie BT - [Die neuen diagnostischen Möglichkeiten der Programme ARES und ENMAP bei der Erfassung von Oberflächenprozessen] N2 - Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7104 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Karttunen, Lauri T1 - New features in PARC finite state toolkits (Abstract) Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27085 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Karagjosova, Elena T1 - Correction and acceptance by contrastive focus N2 - An account is presented of the focus properties, common ground effect and dialogue behaviour of the accented German discourse marker "doch" and the accented sentence negation "nicht". It is argued that "doch" and "nicht" evoke as a focus alternative the logical complement of the proposition expressed by the sentence in which they occur, and that an analysis in terms of contrastive focus accounts for their effect on the common ground and their function in dialogue. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10258 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Iping, R.C. A1 - Sonneborn, G. A1 - Massa, D.L. A1 - Gies, D. A1 - Williams, Simon E. T1 - Far-ultraviolet spectroscopy of O+O binaries in the Magellanic Clouds N2 - We report FUSE observations in 2005–2006 of three O-type, double-lined spectroscopic binaries in the Magellanic Clouds. The systems have very short periods (1.4–2.25 d), represent rare, young evolutionary stages of massive stars and binaries, and provide a unique glimpse at some of the most massive systems that form in dense clusters of massive stars. Improved orbit parameters, including revised masses, for LH54-425 are derived from new ctio spectroscopy. The systems are: LH54-425 in the LMC (O3V + O5V, P=2.25d, 62+37M⊙), J053441-693139 in the LMC (O2-3If+O6V, P=1.4 d, 41+27M⊙), and Hodge 53-47 in the SMC (O6V + O4-5IIIf, P=2.2 d, 24+14M⊙, where the O4 star appears to be less massive than the O6 star). Their short periods indicates that wind interaction and mass transfer are likely important factors in their evolution. The spectra provide quantitative and systematic studies of phase-dependent stellar wind properties, wind collision effects in O+O binaries at lower metallicities, improved radial velocity curves, and FUV spectro-photometric changes as a function of orbital phase. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17896 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ilarraza, Arantza Díaz de A1 - Gojenola, Koldo A1 - Oronoz, Maite A1 - Otaegi, Maialen A1 - Alegria, Iñaki T1 - Syntactic error detection and correction in date expressions using finite-state transducers N2 - This paper presents a system for the detection and correction of syntactic errors. It combines a robust morphosyntactic analyser and two groups of finite-state transducers specified using the Xerox Finite State Tool (xfst). One of the groups is used for the description of syntactic error patterns while the second one is used for the correction of the detected errors. The system has been tested on a corpus of real texts, containing both correct and incorrect sentences, with good results. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27180 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ignace, R. A1 - Gayley, K. G. T1 - Circumstellar Magnetic Field Diagnostics from Line Polarization Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18066 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hofuku, Yayoi A1 - Cho, Shinya A1 - Nishida, Tomohiro A1 - Kanemune, Susumu A1 - Linck, Barbara A1 - Kim, Seungyon A1 - Park, Seongbin A1 - Vaníček, Jiří A1 - Gujberová, Monika A1 - Tomcsányi, Peter A1 - Dagiene, Valentina A1 - Jevsikova, Tatjana A1 - Schulte, Carsten A1 - Sentance, Sue A1 - Thota, Neena A1 - Gülbahar, Yasemin A1 - İlkhan, Mustafa A1 - Kilis, Selcan A1 - Arslan, Okan A1 - Nakano, Yoshiaki A1 - Izutsu, Katsunobu A1 - Lessner, Daniel A1 - Reffay, Christophe A1 - Miled, Mahdi A1 - Ortiz, Pascal A1 - Février, Loïc A1 - Grgurina, Nataša A1 - Weise, Martin A1 - Bellettini, Carlo A1 - Lonati, Violetta A1 - Malchiodi, Dario A1 - Monga, Mattia A1 - Morpurgo, Anna A1 - Torelli, Mauro A1 - Planteu, Lukas A1 - Standl, Bernhard A1 - Grossmann, Wilfried A1 - Neuwirth, Erich A1 - Benacka, Jan A1 - Ragonis, Noa A1 - Hodges, Steve A1 - Berry, Carol A1 - Kusterer, Peter ED - Diethelm, Ira ED - Arndt, Jannik ED - Dünnebier, Malte ED - Syrbe, Jörn T1 - Informatics in schools : local proceedings of the 6th International Conference ISSEP 2013 ; selected papers ; Oldenburg, Germany, February 26–March 2, 2013 N2 - The International Conference on Informatics in Schools: Situation, Evolution and Perspectives – ISSEP – is a forum for researchers and practitioners in the area of Informatics education, both in primary and secondary schools. It provides an opportunity for educators to reflect upon the goals and objectives of this subject, its curricula and various teaching/learning paradigms and topics, possible connections to everyday life and various ways of establishing Informatics Education in schools. This conference also cares about teaching/learning materials, various forms of assessment, traditional and innovative educational research designs, Informatics’ contribution to the preparation of children for the 21st century, motivating competitions, projects and activities supporting informatics education in school. T3 - Commentarii informaticae didacticae (CID) - 6 KW - ISSEP KW - Informatics Education Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63688 SN - 978-3-86956-222-3 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirschi, Raphael T1 - The impact of reduced mass loss rates on the evolution of massive stars N2 - Mass loss is a very important aspect of the life of massive stars. After briefly reviewing its importance, we discuss the impact of the recently proposed downward revision of mass loss rates due to clumping (difficulty to form Wolf-Rayet stars and production of critically rotating stars). Although a small reduction might be allowed, large reduction factors around ten are disfavoured. We then discuss the possibility of significant mass loss at very low metallicity due to stars reaching break-up velocities and especially due to the metal enrichment of the surface of the star via rotational and convective mixing. This significant mass loss may help the first very massive stars avoid the fate of pair-creation supernova, the chemical signature of which is not observed in extremely metal poor stars. The chemical composition of the very low metallicity winds is very similar to that of the most metal poor star known to date, HE1327-2326 and offer an interesting explanation for the origin of the metals in this star. We also discuss the importance of mass loss in the context of long and soft gamma-ray bursts and pair-creation supernovae. Finally, we would like to stress that mass loss in cooler parts of the HR-diagram (luminous blue variable and yellow and red supergiant stages) are much more uncertain than in the hot part. More work needs to be done in these areas to better constrain the evolution of the most massive stars. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17616 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hillier, D. J. T1 - On the influence of clumping on O and Wolf-Rayet spectra N2 - Overwhelming observational and theoretical evidence suggests that the winds of massive stars are highly clumped. We briefly discuss the influence of clumping on model diagnostics and the difficulties of allowing for the influence of clumping on model spectra. Because of its simplicity, and because of computational ease, most spectroscopic analyses incorporate clumping using the volume filling factor. The biases introduced by this approach are uncertain. To investigate alternative clumping models, and to help determine the validity of parameters derived using the volume filling factor method, we discuss results derived using an alternative model in which we assume that the wind is composed of optically thick shells. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17903 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herre, Heinrich A1 - Hummel, Axel T1 - Stationary generated models of generalized logic programs N2 - The interest in extensions of the logic programming paradigm beyond the class of normal logic programs is motivated by the need of an adequate representation and processing of knowledge. One of the most difficult problems in this area is to find an adequate declarative semantics for logic programs. In the present paper a general preference criterion is proposed that selects the ‘intended’ partial models of generalized logic programs which is a conservative extension of the stationary semantics for normal logic programs of [Prz91]. The presented preference criterion defines a partial model of a generalized logic program as intended if it is generated by a stationary chain. It turns out that the stationary generated models coincide with the stationary models on the class of normal logic programs. The general wellfounded semantics of such a program is defined as the set-theoretical intersection of its stationary generated models. For normal logic programs the general wellfounded semantics equals the wellfounded semantics. KW - extensions of logic programs KW - semantics KW - knowledge representation Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41501 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herre, Heinrich A1 - Hummel, Axel T1 - A paraconsistent semantics for generalized logic programs N2 - We propose a paraconsistent declarative semantics of possibly inconsistent generalized logic programs which allows for arbitrary formulas in the body and in the head of a rule (i.e. does not depend on the presence of any specific connective, such as negation(-as-failure), nor on any specific syntax of rules). For consistent generalized logic programs this semantics coincides with the stable generated models introduced in [HW97], and for normal logic programs it yields the stable models in the sense of [GL88]. KW - paraconsistency KW - generalized logic programs KW - multi-valued logic Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41496 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hara, Yurie T1 - Question intonation and lexicalized bias expression N2 - This paper examines the interaction between different utterance types and the Japanese modal particle darou, and proposes that the decision-theoretic semantics accounts for the interaction among darou, sentence types and intonation. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10323 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hanus, Michael A1 - Koschnicke, Sven T1 - An ER-based framework for declarative web programming N2 - We describe a framework to support the implementation of web-based systems to manipulate data stored in relational databases. Since the conceptual model of a relational database is often specified as an entity-relationship (ER) model, we propose to use the ER model to generate a complete implementation in the declarative programming language Curry. This implementation contains operations to create and manipulate entities of the data model, supports authentication, authorization, session handling, and the composition of individual operations to user processes. Furthermore and most important, the implementation ensures the consistency of the database w.r.t. the data dependencies specified in the ER model, i.e., updates initiated by the user cannot lead to an inconsistent state of the database. In order to generate a high-level declarative implementation that can be easily adapted to individual customer requirements, the framework exploits previous works on declarative database programming and web user interface construction in Curry. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41447 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gull, T. R. T1 - Eta Carinae viewed from different vantages N2 - The spatially-resolved winds of the massive binary, Eta Carinae, extend an arcsecond on the sky, well beyond the 10 to 20 milliarcsecond binary orbital dimension. Stellar wind line profiles, observed at very different angular resolutions of VLTI/AMBER, HST/STIS and VLT/UVES, provide spatial information on the extended wind interaction structure as it changes with orbital phase. These same wind lines, observable in the starlight scattered off the foreground lobe of the dusty Homunculus, provide time-variant line profiles viewed from significantly different angles. Comparisons of direct and scattered wind profiles observed in the same epoch and at different orbital phases provide insight on the extended wind structure and promise the potential for three-dimensional imaging of the outer wind structures. Massive, long-lasting clumps, including the nebularWeigelt blobs, originated during the two historical ejection events. Wind interactions with these clumps are quite noticeable in spatially-resolved spectroscopy. As the 2009.0 minimum approaches, analysis of existing spectra and 3-D modeling are providing bases for key observations to gain further understanding of this complex massive binary. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18200 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Groh, J. H. A1 - Hillier, D. J. A1 - Damineli, A. T1 - Mass-loss rate and clumping in LBV stars : the impact of time-dependent effects N2 - This paper outlines a newly-developed method to include the effects of time variability in the radiative transfer code CMFGEN. It is shown that the flow timescale is often large compared to the variability timescale of LBVs. Thus, time-dependent effects significantly change the velocity law and density structure of the wind, affecting the derivation of the mass-loss rate, volume filling factor, wind terminal velocity, and luminosity. The results of this work are directly applicable to all active LBVs in the Galaxy and in the LMC, such as AG Car, HR Car, S Dor and R 127, and could result in a revision of stellar and wind parameters. The massloss rate evolution of AG Car during the last 20 years is presented, highlighting the need for time-dependent models to correctly interpret the evolution of LBVs. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17773 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - González, Jorge A1 - Casacuberta, Francisco T1 - Phrase-based finite state models N2 - In the last years, statistical machine translation has already demonstrated its usefulness within a wide variety of translation applications. In this line, phrase-based alignment models have become the reference to follow in order to build competitive systems. Finite state models are always an interesting framework because there are well-known efficient algorithms for their representation and manipulation. This document is a contribution to the evolution of finite state models towards a phrase-based approach. The inference of stochastic transducers that are based on bilingual phrases is carefully analysed from a finite state point of view. Indeed, the algorithmic phenomena that have to be taken into account in order to deal with such phrase-based finite state models when in decoding time are also in-depth detailed. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27209 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Goltz, Hans-Joachim A1 - Pieth, Norbert T1 - A tool for generating partition schedules of multiprocessor systems N2 - A deterministic cycle scheduling of partitions at the operating system level is supposed for a multiprocessor system. In this paper, we propose a tool for generating such schedules. We use constraint based programming and develop methods and concepts for a combined interactive and automatic partition scheduling system. This paper is also devoted to basic methods and techniques for modeling and solving this partition scheduling problem. Initial application of our partition scheduling tool has proved successful and demonstrated the suitability of the methods used. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41556 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Geske, Ulrich A1 - Wolf, Armin T1 - Preface N2 - The workshops on (constraint) logic programming (WLP) are the annual meeting of the Society of Logic Programming (GLP e.V.) and bring together researchers interested in logic programming, constraint programming, and related areas like databases, artificial intelligence and operations research. In this decade, previous workshops took place in Dresden (2008), Würzburg (2007), Vienna (2006), Ulm (2005), Potsdam (2004), Dresden (2002), Kiel (2001), and Würzburg (2000). Contributions to workshops deal with all theoretical, experimental, and application aspects of constraint programming (CP) and logic programming (LP), including foundations of constraint/ logic programming. Some of the special topics are constraint solving and optimization, extensions of functional logic programming, deductive databases, data mining, nonmonotonic reasoning, , interaction of CP/LP with other formalisms like agents, XML, JAVA, program analysis, program transformation, program verification, meta programming, parallelism and concurrency, answer set programming, implementation and software techniques (e.g., types, modularity, design patterns), applications (e.g., in production, environment, education, internet), constraint/logic programming for semantic web systems and applications, reasoning on the semantic web, data modelling for the web, semistructured data, and web query languages. KW - Logic Programming KW - Constraint Solving KW - Logics KW - Deduction KW - Planing KW - Optimization Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41401 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gebser, Martin A1 - Hinrichs, Henrik A1 - Schaub, Torsten H. A1 - Thiele, Sven T1 - xpanda: a (simple) preprocessor for adding multi-valued propositions to ASP N2 - We introduce a simple approach extending the input language of Answer Set Programming (ASP) systems by multi-valued propositions. Our approach is implemented as a (prototypical) preprocessor translating logic programs with multi-valued propositions into logic programs with Boolean propositions only. Our translation is modular and heavily benefits from the expressive input language of ASP. The resulting approach, along with its implementation, allows for solving interesting constraint satisfaction problems in ASP, showing a good performance. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41466 ER -