TY - JOUR A1 - Afshaarvahid, Shahraam A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Munch, Jesper T1 - Temporal structure of stimulated-Brillouin-scattering reflectivity considering transversal-mode development Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eichler, Hans Joachim A1 - Haase, Alfred A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - 100 watt average output power 1.2*diffraction limited beam from pulsed neodym single rod amplifier with SBS- phaseconjugation BT - Onehundred watt average output 1.2*diffraction limited beam from pulsed neodym single rod amplifier with SBS- phaseconjugation T2 - Hundred watt average output power 1.2*diffraction limited beam from pulsed neodym single rod amplfier with SBS- phaseconjugation Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eichler, Hans Joachim A1 - Haase, Alfred A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Power enhancement and application of a Nd:YALO rod amplifier with a phase conjugating mirror Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eichler, Hans Joachim A1 - Haase, Alfred A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - High beam quality of a single rod neodym amplifier by SBS-phase conjugation up to 140 watt average output Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eichler, Hans Joachim A1 - Haase, Alfred A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Power enhancement and application of a Nd:YALO rod amplifier with a phase conjugating mirror Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eichler, Hans Joachim A1 - Haase, Alfred A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - SBS-Phase Conjugation for Thermal Lens Compensation in 100 Watt Average Power Solid-State Lasers Y1 - 1994 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eichler, Hans Joachim A1 - Haase, Alfred A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Schwartz, J. T1 - Depolarization treatment and optimization of high power double pass neodym-rod amplifiers with SBS mirror Y1 - 1994 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eichler, Hans Joachim A1 - Macdonald, R. A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Sander, Rolf T1 - Excited state absorption of 5CB (4'-n-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl) in cyclohexane Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eichler, Hans Joachim A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Sander, Rolf A1 - Schulzke, M. A1 - Schwartz, J. T1 - SBS at different wavelengths between 308 and 725 nm Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Elsner, Robert A1 - Puhlmann, Dirk A1 - Pieplow, Gregor A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Transverse distinguishability of entangled photons with arbitrarily shaped spatial near- and far-field distributions JF - Journal of the Optical Society of America : B, Optical physics N2 - Entangled photons generated by spontaneous parametric downconversion are ubiquitous in quantum optics. In general, they exhibit a complex spatial photon count distribution. This spatial structure is responsible for seemingly surprising results concerning, e.g., complementarity such as the apparent simultaneous observation of interference fringes V and which-way information D at a double slit, as recently reported by Menzel et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109, 9314 (2012)]. We implement a complete quantitative model of the SPDC interaction that fully incorporates the effects of crystal anisotropies, phase matching, and the pump beam structure and allows for arbitrary manipulations of the SPDC light in the near and far fields. This enables us to establish an upper bound D-2 + V-2 <= 1.47 for the experimental parameters reported by Menzel et al. We report new experimental results that agree excellently with these theoretical predictions. The new model enables a detailed quantitative analysis of this surprising result and the fair sampling interpretation of biphotons passing a double slit. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.32.001910 SN - 0740-3224 SN - 1520-8540 VL - 32 IS - 9 SP - 1910 EP - 1919 PB - Optical Society of America CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Garz, Andreas A1 - Sandmann, Michael A1 - Rading, Michael A1 - Ramm, Sascha A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Steup, Martin T1 - Cell-to-cell diversity in a synchronized chlamydomonas culture as revealed by single-cell analyses JF - Biophysical journal N2 - In a synchronized photoautotrophic culture of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, cell size, cell number, and the averaged starch content were determined throughout the light-dark cycle. For single-cell analyses, the relative cellular starch was quantified by measuring the second harmonic generation (SHG). In destained cells, amylopectin essentially represents the only biophotonic structure. As revealed by various validation procedures, SHG signal intensities are a reliable relative measure of the cellular starch content. During photosynthesis-driven starch biosynthesis, synchronized Chlamydomonas cells possess an unexpected cell-to-cell diversity both in size and starch content, but the starch-related heterogeneity largely exceeds that of size. The cellular volume, starch content, and amount of starch/cell volume obey lognormal distributions. Starch degradation was initiated by inhibiting the photosynthetic electron transport in illuminated cells or by darkening. Under both conditions, the averaged rate of starch degradation is almost constant, but it is higher in illuminated than in darkened cells. At the single-cell level, rates of starch degradation largely differ but are unrelated to the initial cellular starch content. A rate equation describing the cellular starch degradation Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2012.07.026 SN - 0006-3495 VL - 103 IS - 5 SP - 1078 EP - 1086 PB - Cell Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Hodgson, N. A1 - Lorenz, Dieter A1 - Ostermeyer, Martin A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Solid state lasers with high brightness via optical phase conjugation for micromachining Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Hodgson, N. A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Efficient, low-threshold phase conjugation in a tapered optical fiber Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Hänisch, Christoph A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Low-power phase conjugation based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in fiber amplifiers Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Hänisch, Christoph A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - New concept for low threshold optical phase conjugation via SBS in a fiber amplifier Y1 - 2003 SN - 0-8194-4772-2 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Hänisch, Christoph A1 - Ostermeyer, Martin A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Low Power Threshold Phase Conjugating Mirrors by SBS in Yb-doped Fiber Amplifiers Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Principles of Phase Conjugating Brillouin Mirrors Y1 - 2004 SN - 0-471-43957-6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Phase conjugating SBS-mirror for low powers and reflectivities above 90 % in an internally tapered optical fiber Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Low threshold SBS phase conjugation for quasi-cw laser systems Y1 - 2000 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Temporal features of SBS phase conjugation Y1 - 2000 SN - 0-8194-3545-7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Milonni, P. W. T1 - Complementarity in biphoton generation with stimulated or induced coherence JF - Physical review : A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics N2 - Coherence can be induced or stimulated in parametric down-conversion using two or three crystals when, for example, the idler modes of the crystals are aligned. Previous experiments with induced coherence [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 053601 (2015)] focused on which-path information and the role of vacuum fields in realizing complementarity via reduced visibility in single-photon interference. Here we describe experiments comparing induced and stimulated coherence. Different single-photon interference experiments were performed by blocking one of the pump beams in a three-crystal setup. Each counted photon is emitted from one of two crystals and which-way information may or not be available, depending on the setup. Distinctly different results are obtained in the induced and stimulated cases, especially when a variable transmission filter is inserted between the crystals. A simplified theoretical model accounts for all the experimental results and is also used to address the question of whether the phases of the signal and idler fields in parametric down-conversion are correlated. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.92.033834 SN - 1050-2947 SN - 1094-1622 VL - 92 IS - 3 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Ostermeyer, Martin T1 - Power tunable Nd-oscillators with diffraction limited beams via SBS phase conjugation Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Raabe, S. A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Phase memory across two single-photon interferometers including wavelength conversion JF - Physical review : A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics N2 - Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) in a nonlinear crystal generates two single photons (signal and idler) with random phases. Thus, no first-order interference between them occurs. However, coherence can be induced in a cascaded setup of two crystals if, e.g., the idler modes of both crystals are aligned to be indistinguishable. Due to the effect of phase memory it is found that the first-order interference of the signal beams can be controlled by the phase delay between the pump beams. Even for pump photon delays much larger than the coherence length of the SPDC photons, the visibility is above 90%. The high visibilities reported here prove an almost perfect phase memory effect across the two interferometers for the pump and the signal photon modes. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.90.045803 SN - 1050-2947 SN - 1094-1622 VL - 90 IS - 4 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Sagahti, A. A1 - Jechow, Andreas A1 - Skoczowsky, D. A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Multi-wavelength, high spatial brightness operation of a phase-locked stripe-array diode laser JF - Laser physics N2 - Stable continuous wave multi-wavelength operation of a stripe-array diode laser with an externalcavity spectral beam combining geometry is presented. In this setup each emitter of the stripe-array is forced to operate at a different wavelength, which leads to a decoupling between the usually phase-locked emitters. With a reflective diffraction grating with a period of 300 lines per mm, 33 equidistant laser lines around a center wavelength of 978 nm were realized, spanning a spectral range of 26 nm. With this novel approach near-diffraction limited emission with a beam quality of M (2) < 1.2 and an output power of 450 mW was achieved. This laser light source can be used for applications requiring low temporal but high spatial coherence. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1134/S1054660X12010057 SN - 1054-660X VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 160 EP - 164 PB - Pleiades Publ. CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Schultheiss, J. A1 - Hodgson, N. A1 - Kurths, Jürgen A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Raab, Volker T1 - Transverse effects in phase conjugate laser mirrors based on stimulated brillouin scattering Y1 - 1999 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hänisch, Christoph A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Threshold reduction of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) using fiber loop schemes Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jechow, Andreas A1 - Lichtner, Mark A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Radziunas, Mindaugas A1 - Skoczowsky, Danilo A1 - Vladimirov, Andrei G. T1 - Stripe-array diode-laser in an off-axis external cavity : theory and experiment N2 - Stripe-array diode lasers naturally operate in an anti-phase supermode. This produces a sharp double lobe far field at angles ña depending on the period of the array. In this paper a 40 emitter gain guided stripe-array laterally coupled by off-axis filtered feedback is investigated experimentally and numerically. We predict theoretically and confirm experimentally that at doubled feedback angle 2a a stable higher order supermode exists with twice the number of emitters per array period. The theoretical model is based on time domain traveling wave equations for optical fields coupled to the carrier density equation taking into account diffusion of carriers. Feedback from the external reflector is modeled using Fresnel integration. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/Issue.cfm U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.019599 SN - 1094-4087 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jechow, Andreas A1 - Lichtner, Mark A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Radziunas, Mindaugas A1 - Skoczowsky, Danilo A1 - Vladimirov, Andrei G. T1 - Stripe-array diode-laser in an off-axis external cavity : theory and experiment N2 - Stripe-array diode lasers naturally operate in an anti-phase supermode. This produces a sharp double lobe far field at angles +/-alpha depending on the period of the array. In this paper a 40 emitter gain guided stripe-array laterally coupled by off-axis filtered feedback is investigated experimentally and numerically. We predict theoretically and confirm experimentally that at doubled feedback angle 2 alpha a stable higher order supermode exists with twice the number of emitters per array period. The theoretical model is based on time domain traveling wave equations for optical fields coupled to the carrier density equation taking into account diffusion of carriers. Feedback from the external reflector is modeled using Fresnel integration. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.opticsexpress.org/Issue.cfm U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.019599 SN - 1094-4087 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jechow, Andreas A1 - Raab, Volker A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - High cw power using an external cavity for spectral beam combining of diode laser-bar emission N2 - In extension to known concepts of wavelength-multiplexing diode laser arrays, a new external cavity is presented. The setup simultaneously improves the beam quality of each single emitter of a standard 25 emitter broad-area stripe laser bar and spectrally superimposes the 25 beams into one. By using this external resonator in an "off-axis" arrangement, beam qualities of M-slow(2) < 14 and M-fast(2) < 3 with optical powers in excess of 10 W in cw operation are obtained. Y1 - 2006 UR - http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ao/browse.cfm U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.45.003545 SN - 0003-6935 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jechow, Andreas A1 - Seefeldt, Michael A1 - Kurzke, Henning A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Enhanced two-photon excited fluorescence from imaging agents using true thermal light JF - Nature photonics N2 - Two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) is a standard technique in modern microscopy(1), but is still affected by photodamage to the probe. It has been proposed that TPEF can be enhanced using entangled photons(2,3), but this has proven challenging. Recently, it was shown that some features of entangled photons can be mimicked with thermal light, which finds application in ghost imaging(4), subwavelength lithography(5) and metrology(6). Here, we use true thermal light from a superluminescent diode to demonstrate TPEF that is enhanced compared to coherent light, using two common fluorophores and luminescent quantum dots, which suit applications in imaging and microscopy. We find that the TPEF rate is directly proportional to the measured(7) degree of second-order coherence, as predicted by theory. Our results show that photon bunching in thermal light can be exploited in two-photon microscopy, with the photon statistic providing a new degree of freedom. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/NPHOTON.2013.271 SN - 1749-4885 SN - 1749-4893 VL - 7 IS - 12 SP - 973 EP - 976 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kappe, Philip A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Ostermeyer, Martin T1 - Analysis of the temporal and spectral output properties of a mode-locked and Q-switched laser oscillator with a nonlinear mirror based on stimulated Brillouin scattering N2 - The emission dynamics of a mode-locked laser oscillator with a nonlinear mirror based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) has been investigated with regard to its spectrum and to its intensity distribution. The investigation was carried out experimentally as well as by numerical simulations. The laser yields trains of pulses with measured durations of 410 ps and energies of the single pulse of up to 2 mJ. Two theoretical models describing the complex emission dynamics of a mode-locked SBS-laser oscillator are introduced. The first model consists of spectrally resolved laser rate equations and thus describes the mode locking in the frequency domain by the superposition of the longitudinal resonator modes. The SBS-Q-switch is incorporated by a phenomenological description of the time dependent SBS reflectivity. Numerical simulations based on this model yield the evolution of a few 100 longitudinal laser modes and the corresponding intensity distribution during the course of a Q-switch pulse with 10-ps resolution. The influences of the different components on the spectrum and thus on the pulse duration will be discussed. The second model describes all occurring dynamics in the time domain providing easy access to the study of misalignment on the output dynamics. Results of numerical simulations of both models and measurement results are compared Y1 - 2006 UR - http://pra.aps.org/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/Physreva.74.013809 SN - 1050-2947 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kappe, Philip A1 - Ostermeyer, Martin A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Active mode locking of a phase-conjugating SBS-laser oscillator N2 - We present a flashlamp-pumped Nd: YAG laser simultaneously emitting pulse structures on microsecond, nanosecond and picosecond time scales. Within a microsecond flashlamp pump pulse a nonlinear reflector based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) generates several Q-switch pulses. The phase-conjugating effect of the SBS reflector provides a compensation of phase distortions generated inside the laser rod, resulting in transverse fundamental mode operation. Additional acousto-optic loss modulation inside the resonator leads to mode locking. As a result, each Q-switch pulse is subdivided into several picosecond pulses. Energies of up to 2 mJ for the mode-locked pulses with durations between 220 and 800 ps are demonstrated. The wide variability of the laser's temporal output parameters as well as its high beam quality make it a splendid tool for fundamental research in laser materials processing Y1 - 2005 SN - 0946-2171 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kappe, Philip A1 - Ostermeyer, Martin A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Active mode locking of a phase-conjugating SBS-laser oscillator Y1 - 2005 SN - 0946-2171 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klemz, Guido A1 - Kubina, P. A1 - Ostermeyer, Martin A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Diode pumped high power TEM_00 Nd:YAG rod laser with birefringence compensation Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, L. A1 - Möhwald, Helmuth A1 - Spitz, Christian A1 - von Seggern, David A1 - Mucke, M. A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Long-lived photoinduced charge separation inside polarity gradient capsules Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lorenz, Dieter A1 - Brandenburg, Ingo A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Spectral broadening of the laser spectrum of gain-switched Ti:sapphire laser with nonlinear absorbers Y1 - 1999 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lorenz, Dieter A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Broadband operation of frequency doubled Cr4+:YAG laser with high beam quality Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lorenz, Dieter A1 - Mittler, Kay A1 - Brandenburg, Ingo A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Enhanced coherence radar measurements with spectrally broadened Ti:sapphire laser using nonlinear absorber N2 - D. Lorenz, K. Mittler, I. Brandenburg, R. Menze Y1 - 2000 SN - 08194-3546-5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lueck, H. A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Sander, Rolf T1 - Inherent sample heating and temperature calibration in excited state absorption (ESA) measurements between room temperature and 77 kelvin Y1 - 1994 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Photonics : linear and nonlinear interactions of laser light and matter Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-540-67074-2 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Metrological Applications Y1 - 2004 SN - 3-540-20114-9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, Ralf T1 - Photonics : Linear and nonlinear interactions of laser light and matter Y1 - 2001 SN - 3-540-67074-2 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Eichler, Hans Joachim A1 - Geinitz, E. A1 - Haase, Alfred A1 - Scherrer, R. T1 - Neodymium-laser with SBS phase conjugation for high beam quality Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Milonni, Peter W. T1 - Entanglement, complementarity, and vacuum fields in spontaneous parametric down-conversion T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Using two crystals for spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a parallel setup, we observe two-photon interference with high visibility. The high visibility is consistent with complementarity and the absence of which-path information. The observations are explained as the effects of entanglement or equivalently in terms of interfering probability amplitudes and also by the calculation of a second-order field correlation function in the Heisenberg picture. The latter approach brings out explicitly the role of the vacuum fields in the down-conversion at the crystals and in the photon coincidence counting. For comparison, we show that the Hong–Ou–Mandel dip can be explained by the same approach in which the role of the vacuum signal and idler fields, as opposed to entanglement involving vacuum states, is emphasized. We discuss the fundamental limitations of a theory in which these vacuum fields are treated as classical, stochastic fields. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1077 KW - complementarity KW - vacuum fields KW - entanglement KW - Hong-Ou-Mandel effect KW - spontaneous parametric down-conversion Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-473542 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1077 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Milonni, Peter W. T1 - Entanglement, Complementarity, and Vacuum Fields in Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion JF - Atoms N2 - Using two crystals for spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a parallel setup, we observe two-photon interference with high visibility. The high visibility is consistent with complementarity and the absence of which-path information. The observations are explained as the effects of entanglement or equivalently in terms of interfering probability amplitudes and also by the calculation of a second-order field correlation function in the Heisenberg picture. The latter approach brings out explicitly the role of the vacuum fields in the down-conversion at the crystals and in the photon coincidence counting. For comparison, we show that the Hong-Ou-Mandel dip can be explained by the same approach in which the role of the vacuum signal and idler fields, as opposed to entanglement involving vacuum states, is emphasized. We discuss the fundamental limitations of a theory in which these vacuum fields are treated as classical, stochastic fields. KW - complementarity KW - vacuum fields KW - entanglement KW - Hong-Ou-Mandel effect KW - spontaneous parametric down-conversion Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms7010027 SN - 2218-2004 VL - 7 IS - 1 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Puhlmann, Dirk A1 - Dechoum, K. A1 - Hillery, M. A1 - Spaehn, M. J. A. A1 - Schleich, W. P. T1 - A two-photon double-slit experiment JF - Journal of modern optics N2 - We employ a photon pair created by spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) where the pump laser is in the TEM01 mode to perform a Young's double-slit experiment. The signal photon illuminates the two slits and displays interference fringes in the far-field while the idler photon measured in the near-field in coincidence with the signal photon provides us with which-slit' information. We explain the results of these experiments with the help of an analytical expression for the second-order correlation function derived from an elementary model of SPDC. Our experiment emphasizes the crucial role of the mode function in the quantum theory of radiation. KW - complementarity KW - wave-particle dualism KW - Young's double-slit experiment KW - spontaneous parametric down conversion KW - TEM01 mode Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09500340.2012.746400 SN - 0950-0340 VL - 60 IS - 1 SP - 86 EP - 94 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Marx, Robert A1 - Puhlmann, Dirk A1 - Heuer, Axel A1 - Schleich, Wolfgang T1 - The photon BT - the role of its mode function in analyzing complementarity JF - Journal of the Optical Society of America : B, Optical physics N2 - We investigate the role of the spatial mode function in a single-photon experiment designed to demonstrate the principle of complementarity. Our approach employs entangled photons created by spontaneous parametric downconversion from a pump mode in a TEM01 mode together with a double slit. Measuring the interference of the signal photons behind the double slit in coincidence with the entangled idler photons at different positions, we select signal photons of different mode functions. When the signal photons belong to the TEM01-like double-hump mode, we obtain almost perfect visibility of the interference fringes, and no "which slit" information is available in the idler photon detected before the slits. This result is remarkable because the entangled signal and idler photon pairs are created each time in only one of the two intensity humps. However, when we break the symmetry between the two maxima of the signal photon mode structure, the paths through the slits for these additional photons become distinguishable and the visibility vanishes. It is the mode function of the photons selected by the detection system that decides if interference or "which slit" information is accessible in the experiment. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.36.001668 SN - 0740-3224 SN - 1520-8540 VL - 36 IS - 6 SP - 1668 EP - 1675 PB - Optical Society of America CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Ostermeyer, Martin T1 - Fundamental mode determination for guaranteeing diffrraction limited beam quality of lasers with high output powers Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Puhlmann, Dirk A1 - Heuer, Axel T1 - Complementarity in single photon interference – the role of the mode function and vacuum fields JF - Journal of the European Optical Society-Rapid N2 - Background In earlier experiments the role of the vacuum fields could be demonstrated as the source of complementarity with respect to the temporal properties (Heuer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114:053601, 2015). Methods Single photon first order interferences of spatially separated regions from the cone structure of spontaneous parametric down conversion allow for analyzing the role of the mode function in quantum optics regarding the complementarity principle. Results Here the spatial coherence properties of these vacuum fields are demonstrated as the physical reason for complementarity in these single photon quantum optical experiments. These results are directly connected to the mode picture in classical optics. Conclusion The properties of the involved vacuum fields selected via the measurement process are the physical background of the complementarity principle in quantum optics. KW - Quantum optics KW - Complementarity KW - Mode function KW - Vacuum fields Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41476-017-0036-x SN - 1990-2573 VL - 13 PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menzel, Ralf A1 - Puhlmann, Dirk A1 - Heuer, Axel T1 - Complementarity in single photon interference – the role of the mode function and vacuum fields N2 - Background In earlier experiments the role of the vacuum fields could be demonstrated as the source of complementarity with respect to the temporal properties (Heuer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114:053601, 2015). Methods Single photon first order interferences of spatially separated regions from the cone structure of spontaneous parametric down conversion allow for analyzing the role of the mode function in quantum optics regarding the complementarity principle. Results Here the spatial coherence properties of these vacuum fields are demonstrated as the physical reason for complementarity in these single photon quantum optical experiments. These results are directly connected to the mode picture in classical optics. Conclusion The properties of the involved vacuum fields selected via the measurement process are the physical background of the complementarity principle in quantum optics. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 333 KW - Complementarity KW - Mode function KW - Quantum optics KW - Vacuum fields Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395210 ER -