TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ladwig, Simon
A1  - Zhou, Zien
A1  - Xu, Ying
A1  - Wang, Xia
A1  - Chow, Clara K.
A1  - Werheid, Katja
A1  - Hackett, Maree L.
T1  - Comparison of treatment rates of depression after stroke versus myocardial infarction
BT  - a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational data
JF  - Psychosomatic medicine
N2  - Objective Depression after stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) is common but often assumed to be undertreated without reliable evidence being available. Thus, we aimed to determine treatment rates and investigate the application of guidelines in these conditions. Methods Databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus were systematically searched without language restriction from inception to June 30, 2017. Prospective observational studies with consecutive recruitment reporting any antidepressant treatment in adults with depression after stroke or MI were included. Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled estimates of treatment rates. Results Fifty-five studies reported 32 stroke cohorts (n = 8938; pooled frequency of depression = 34%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 29%-38%) and 17 MI cohorts (n = 10,767; pooled frequency of depression = 24%, 95% CI = 20%-28%). In 29 stroke cohorts, 24% (95% CI = 20%-27%) of 2280 depressed people used antidepressant medication. In 15 MI cohorts, 14% (95% CI = 8%-19%) of 2381 depressed people used antidepressant medication indicating a lower treatment rate than in stroke. Two studies reported use of psychosocial interventions, indicating that less than 10% of participants were treated. Conclusions Despite the high frequency of depression after stroke and MI and the existence of efficacious treatment strategies, people often remain untreated. Innovative strategies are needed to increase the use of effective antidepressive interventions in patients with cardiovascular disease.
KW  - depression
KW  - myocardial infarction
KW  - pharmacoepidemiology
KW  - stroke
KW  - treatment
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000632
SN  - 0033-3174
SN  - 1534-7796
VL  - 80
IS  - 8
SP  - 754
EP  - 763
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
CY  - Philadelphia
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Xu, Pengbo
A1  - Zhou, Tian
A1  - Metzler, Ralf
A1  - Deng, Weihua
T1  - Lévy walk dynamics in an external harmonic potential
JF  - Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
N2  - Levy walks (LWs) are spatiotemporally coupled random-walk processes describing superdiffusive heat conduction in solids, propagation of light in disordered optical materials, motion of molecular motors in living cells, or motion of animals, humans, robots, and viruses. We here investigate a key feature of LWs-their response to an external harmonic potential. In this generic setting for confined motion we demonstrate that LWs equilibrate exponentially and may assume a bimodal stationary distribution. We also show that the stationary distribution has a horizontal slope next to a reflecting boundary placed at the origin, in contrast to correlated superdiffusive processes. Our results generalize LWs to confining forces and settle some longstanding puzzles around LWs.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.101.062127
SN  - 2470-0045
SN  - 2470-0053
SN  - 1550-2376
SN  - 1063-651X
SN  - 1539-3755
VL  - 101
IS  - 6
PB  - American Physical Society
CY  - College Park
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Xu, Pengbo
A1  - Zhou, Tian
A1  - Metzler, Ralf
A1  - Deng, Weihua
T1  - Stochastic harmonic trapping of a Lévy walk: transport and first-passage dynamics under soft resetting strategies
T2  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - We introduce and study a Lévy walk (LW) model of particle spreading with a finite propagation speed combined with soft resets, stochastically occurring periods in which an harmonic external potential is switched on and forces the particle towards a specific position. Soft resets avoid instantaneous relocation of particles that in certain physical settings may be considered unphysical. Moreover, soft resets do not have a specific resetting point but lead the particle towards a resetting point by a restoring Hookean force. Depending on the exact choice for the LW waiting time density and the probability density of the periods when the harmonic potential is switched on, we demonstrate a rich emerging response behaviour including ballistic motion and superdiffusion. When the confinement periods of the soft-reset events are dominant, we observe a particle localisation with an associated non-equilibrium steady state. In this case the stationary particle probability density function turns out to acquire multimodal states. Our derivations are based on Markov chain ideas and LWs with multiple internal states, an approach that may be useful and flexible for the investigation of other generalised random walks with soft and hard resets. The spreading efficiency of soft-rest LWs is characterised by the first-passage time statistic.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1262 
KW  - diffusion
KW  - anomalous diffusion
KW  - stochastic resetting
KW  - Levy walks
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-560402
SN  - 1866-8372
SP  - 1
EP  - 28
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhang, Shengrui
A1  - Xu, Qinghai
A1  - Gaillard, Marie-Jose
A1  - Cao, Xianyong
A1  - Li, Jianyong
A1  - Zhang, Liyan
A1  - Li, Yuecong
A1  - Tian, Fang
A1  - Zhou, Liping
A1  - Lin, Fengyou
A1  - Yang, Xiaolan
T1  - Characteristic pollen source area and vertical pollen dispersal and deposition in a mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved woodland in the Changbai mountains, northeast China
JF  - Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
N2  - Pollen influx (number of pollen grains cm−2 year−1) can objectively reflect the dispersal and deposition features of pollen within a certain time and space, and is often used as a basis for the quantitative reconstruction of palaeovegetation; however, little is known about the features and mechanisms of vertical dispersal of pollen. Here we present the results from a 5 year (2006–2010) monitoring program using pollen traps placed at different heights from ground level up to 60 m and surface soil samples in a mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved woodland in the Changbai mountains, northeastern China. The pollen percentages and pollen influx from the traps have very similar characteristics to the highest values for Betula, Fraxinus, Quercus and Pinus, among the tree taxa and Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae and Asteraceae among the herb taxa. Pollen influx values vary significantly with height and show major differences between three distinct layers, above-canopy (≥32 m), within the trunk layer (8 ≤ 32 m) and on the ground (0 m). These differences in pollen influx are explained by differences in (i) the air flows in each of these layers and (ii) the fall speed of pollen of the various taxa. We found that the pollen recorded on the ground surface is a good representation of the major part of the pollen transported in the trunk space of the woodland. Comparison of the pollen influx values with the theoretical, calculated “characteristic pollen source area” (CPSA) of 12 selected taxa indicates that the pollen deposited on the ground surface of the woodland is a fair representation with 85–90 % of the total pollen deposited at a wind speed of 2.4 m s−1 coming from within ca. 1–5 km for Pinus and Quercus, ca. 5–10 km for Ulmus, Tilia, Oleaceae and Betula, ca. 20–40 km for Fraxinus, Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Populus and Salix, and ca. 30–60 km for Artemisia; it is also a good representation with 90–98 % of the total pollen deposited coming from within 60 km at a wind speed of 2.4 m s−1, or 100 km at a wind speed: 6 m s−1, for the 12 selected taxa used in the CPSA calculation. Furthermore, comparison with the vegetation map of the area around the sampling site shows that the pollen deposited on the ground represents all plant communities which grow in the study area within 70 km radius of the sampling site. In this study, the pollen percentages obtained from the soil surface samples are significantly biased towards pollen taxa with good preservation due to thick and robust pollen walls. Therefore, if mosses are available instead, soil samples should be avoided for pollen studies, in particular for the study of pollen-vegetation relationships, the estimation of pollen productivities and quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation. The results also indicate that the existing model of pollen dispersal and deposition, Prentice’s model, provides a fair description of the actual pollen dispersal and deposition in this kind of woodland, which suggests that the application of the landscape reconstruction algorithm would be relevant for reconstruction of this type of woodland in the past.
KW  - Changbai mountains
KW  - Mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved woodland
KW  - Vertical pollen dispersal and deposition
KW  - Characteristic pollen source area
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-015-0532-0
SN  - 0939-6314
SN  - 1617-6278
VL  - 25
SP  - 29
EP  - 43
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Zhou, Xu
T1  - Atmospheric interactions with land surface in the arctic based on regional climate model solutions
Y1  - 2014
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Xu, Pengbo
A1  - Zhou, Tian
A1  - Metzler, Ralf
A1  - Deng, Weihua
T1  - Stochastic harmonic trapping of a Lévy walk
BT  - transport and first-passage dynamics under soft resetting strategies
JF  - New journal of physics : the open-access journal for physics / Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft ; IOP, Institute of Physics
N2  - We introduce and study a Lévy walk (LW) model of particle spreading with a finite propagation speed combined with soft resets, stochastically occurring periods in which an harmonic external potential is switched on and forces the particle towards a specific position. Soft resets avoid instantaneous relocation of particles that in certain physical settings may be considered unphysical. Moreover, soft resets do not have a specific resetting point but lead the particle towards a resetting point by a restoring Hookean force. Depending on the exact choice for the LW waiting time density and the probability density of the periods when the harmonic potential is switched on, we demonstrate a rich emerging response behaviour including ballistic motion and superdiffusion. When the confinement periods of the soft-reset events are dominant, we observe a particle localisation with an associated non-equilibrium steady state. In this case the stationary particle probability density function turns out to acquire multimodal states. Our derivations are based on Markov chain ideas and LWs with multiple internal states, an approach that may be useful and flexible for the investigation of other generalised random walks with soft and hard resets. The spreading efficiency of soft-rest LWs is characterised by the first-passage time statistic.
KW  - diffusion
KW  - anomalous diffusion
KW  - stochastic resetting
KW  - Levy walks
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac5282
SN  - 1367-2630
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
SP  - 1
EP  - 28
PB  - Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft
CY  - Bad Honnef
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhou, Ying
A1  - Zeng, Lanting
A1  - Fu, Xiumin
A1  - Mei, Xin
A1  - Cheng, Sihua
A1  - Liao, Yinyin
A1  - Deng, Rufang
A1  - Xu, Xinlan
A1  - Jiang, Yueming
A1  - Duan, Xuewu
A1  - Baldermann, Susanne
A1  - Yang, Ziyin
T1  - The sphingolipid biosynthetic enzyme Sphingolipid delta8 desaturase is important for chilling resistance of tomato
JF  - Scientific reports
N2  - The physiological functions of sphingolipids in animals have been intensively studied, while less attention has been paid to their roles in plants. Here, we reveal the involvement of sphingolipid delta8 desaturase (SlSLD) in the chilling resistance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom). We used the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) approach to knock-down SlSLD expression in tomato leaves, and then evaluated chilling resistance. Changes in leaf cell structure under a chilling treatment were observed by transmission electron microscopy. In control plants, SlSLD was highly expressed in the fruit and leaves in response to a chilling treatment. The degree of chilling damage was greater in SlSLD-silenced plants than in control plants, indicating that SlSLD knock-down significantly reduced the chilling resistance of tomato. Compared with control plants, SlSLD-silenced plants showed higher relative electrolytic leakage and malondialdehyde content, and lower superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities after a chilling treatment. Chilling severely damaged the chloroplasts in SlSLD-silenced plants, resulting in the disruption of chloroplast membranes, swelling of thylakoids, and reduced granal stacking. Together, these results show that SlSLD is crucial for chilling resistance in tomato.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep38742
SN  - 2045-2322
VL  - 6
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhou, Shuo
A1  - Xu, Xun
A1  - Ma, Nan
A1  - Jung, Friedrich
A1  - Lendlein, Andreas
T1  - Influence of sterilization conditions on sulfate-functionalized polyGGE
JF  - Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation : blood flow and vessels
N2  - Sulfated biomolecules are known to influence numerous biological processes in all living organisms. Particularly, they contribute to prevent and inhibit the hypercoagulation condition. The failure of polymeric implants and blood contacting devices is often related to hypercoagulation and microbial contamination. Here, bioactive sulfated biomacromolecules are mimicked by sulfation of poly(glycerol glycidyl ether) (polyGGE) films. Autoclaving, gamma-ray irradiation and ethylene oxide (EtO) gas sterilization techniques were applied to functionalized materials. The sulfate group density and hydrophilicity of sulfated polymers were decreased while chain mobility and thermal degradation were enhanced post autoclaving when compared to those after EtO sterilization. These results suggest that a quality control after sterilization is mandatory to ensure the amount and functionality of functionalized groups are retained.
KW  - Sulfated polymer
KW  - sulfation
KW  - sterilization
KW  - ethylene oxide
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-211241
SN  - 1386-0291
SN  - 1875-8622
VL  - 79
IS  - 4
SP  - 597
EP  - 608
PB  - IOS Press
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tao, Ting
A1  - Su, Qiongli
A1  - Xu, Simeng
A1  - Deng, Jun
A1  - Zhou, Sichun
A1  - Zhuang, Yu
A1  - Huang, Yanjun
A1  - He, Caimei
A1  - He, Shanping
A1  - Peng, Mei
A1  - Hocher, Berthold
A1  - Yang, Xiaoping
T1  - Down-regulation of PKM2 decreases FASN expression in bladder cancer cells through AKT/mTOR/SREBP-1c axis
JF  - Journal of cellular physiology
N2  - Fatty acid synthase (FASN) catalyzing the terminal steps in the de novo biogenesis of fatty acids is correlated with low survival and high disease recurrence in patients with bladder cancer. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) regulates the final step of glycolysis levels and provides a growth advantage to tumors. However, it is unclear whether the change of PKM2 has an effect on FASN and what is the mechanisms underlying. Here we describe a novel function of PKM2 in control of lipid metabolism by mediating transcriptional activation of FASN, showing the reduced expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c). We first discovered that PKM2 physically interacts with the SREBP-1c using biochemical approaches, and downregulation of PKM2 reduced the expression of SREBP-1c by inactivating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which in turn directly suppressed the transcription of major lipogenic genes FASN to reduce tumor growths. Furthermore, either PKM2 inhibitor-Shikonin or FASN inhibitor-TVB-3166 alone induced a strong antiproliferative and anticolony forming effect in bladder cancer cell line. The combination of both inhibitors exhibits a super synergistic effect on blocking the bladder cancer cells growth. It provides a new target and scientific basis for the treatment of bladder cancer.
KW  - bladder cancer cells
KW  - FASN
KW  - p-AKT
KW  - PKM2
KW  - p-mTOR
KW  - SREBP-1c
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.27129
SN  - 0021-9541
SN  - 1097-4652
VL  - 234
IS  - 3
SP  - 3088
EP  - 3104
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  -