TY - JOUR A1 - Hensch, Martin A1 - Dahm, Torsten A1 - Ritter, Joachim A1 - Heimann, Sebastian A1 - Schmidt, Bernd A1 - Stange, Stefan A1 - Lehmann, Klaus T1 - Deep low-frequency earthquakes reveal ongoing magmatic recharge beneath Laacher See Volcano (Eifel, Germany) JF - Geophysical journal international N2 - The occurrence of deep low-frequency (DLF) microearthquakes beneath volcanoes is commonly attributed to mass transport in the volcanic plumbing system and used to infer feeding channels from and into magma reservoirs. The key question is how magmas migrate from depth to the shallow crust and whether magma reservoirs are currently being recharged. For the first time since the improvement of the local seismic networks in the East Eifel region (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany), we detect and locate recurrent DLF earthquakes in the lower crust and upper mantle beneath the Laacher See Volcano (LSV), using a joint data set of permanent sensors and a temporary deployment. So far, eight DLF earthquake sequences were observed in four distinct clusters between 10 and 40 km depth. These clusters of weak events (M-L< 2) align along an approximately 80. southeast dipping line south of the LSV. Moment tensor solutions of these events have large shear components, and the irregular dispersion and long coda of body waves indicate interaction processes between shear cracks and fluids. We find a rotation of P-axes orientation for shallow tectonic earthquakes compared to DLF events, indicating that the stress field in the depth interval of DLF events might favour a vertical migration of magma or magmatic fluids. The caldera of the LSV was formed by the last major eruption of the East Eifel Volcanic Field only 12.9 kyr ago, fed by a shallow magma chamber at 5-8 km depth and erupting a total magma volume of 6.7 km(3). The observed DLF earthquake activity and continuous volcanic gas emissions around the LSV indicate an active magmatic system, possibly connected with an upper mantle melt zone. KW - Waveform inversion KW - Volcano seismology KW - Magma migration and fragmentation KW - Volcano monitoring Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggy532 SN - 0956-540X SN - 1365-246X VL - 216 IS - 3 SP - 2025 EP - 2036 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fondell, Mattis A1 - Eckert, Sebastian A1 - Jay, Raphael Martin A1 - Weniger, Christian A1 - Quevedo, Wilson A1 - Niskanen, Johannes A1 - Kennedy, Brian A1 - Sorgenfrei, Nomi A1 - Schick, Daniel A1 - Giangrisostomi, Erika A1 - Ovsyannikov, Ruslan A1 - Adamczyk, Katrin A1 - Huse, Nils A1 - Wernet, Philippe A1 - Mitzner, Rolf A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander T1 - Time-resolved soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in transmission mode on liquids at MHz repetition rates T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - We present a setup combining a liquid flatjet sample delivery and a MHz laser system for time-resolved soft X-ray absorption measurements of liquid samples at the high brilliance undulator beamline UE52-SGM at Bessy II yielding unprecedented statistics in this spectral range. We demonstrate that the efficient detection of transient absorption changes in transmission mode enables the identification of photoexcited species in dilute samples. With iron(II)-trisbipyridine in aqueous solution as a benchmark system, we present absorption measurements at various edges in the soft X-ray regime. In combination with the wavelength tunability of the laser system, the set-up opens up opportunities to study the photochemistry of many systems at low concentrations, relevant to materials sciences, chemistry, and biology. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 780 KW - l-edge xas KW - electronic-structure KW - molecular-structure KW - spin-state KW - dynamics KW - complexes KW - probe KW - water KW - iron(II) KW - spectra Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-437529 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 780 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Esveld, Selma van A1 - Vries, Nardo de A1 - Becchetti, Sibilla A1 - Dopper, Sofia A1 - Valkenburg, Willem van A1 - Carlon, May Kristine Jonson A1 - Yokoi, Kensuke A1 - Gayed, John Maurice A1 - Suyama, Hiroshi A1 - Cross, Jeffrey Scott A1 - Jin, Tonje A1 - Xue, Wei A1 - Bruillard, Éric A1 - Steinbeck, Hendrik A1 - Meinel, Christoph A1 - Özdemir, Paker Doğu A1 - Can Bayer, Burak A1 - Mercan, Duygu A1 - Buyurucu, Gamze A1 - Haugsbakken, Halvdan A1 - Hagelia, Marianne A1 - Ebner, Martin A1 - Edelsbrunner, Sarah A1 - Hohla-Sejkora, Katharina A1 - Lipp, Silvia A1 - Schön, Sandra A1 - Xiaoxiao, Wang A1 - Shuangshuang, Guo A1 - Morales-Chan, Miguel A1 - Amado-Salvatierra, Héctor R. A1 - Hernández-Rizzardini, Rocael A1 - Egloffstein, Marc A1 - Hünemohr, Holger A1 - Ifenthaler, Dirk A1 - Dixon, Fred A1 - Trabucchi, Stefania A1 - Khaneboubi, Mehdi A1 - Giannatelli, Ada A1 - Tomasini, Alessandra A1 - Staubitz, Thomas A1 - Serth, Sebastian A1 - Thomas, Max A1 - Koschutnig-Ebner, Markus A1 - Rampelt, Florian A1 - Stetten, Alexander von A1 - Wittke, Andreas A1 - Theeraroungchaisri, Anuchai A1 - Thammetar, Thapanee A1 - Duangchinda, Vorasuang A1 - Khlaisang, Jintavee A1 - Mair, Bettina A1 - Steinkellner, Iris A1 - Stojcevic, Ivana A1 - Zwiauer, Charlotte A1 - Thirouard, Maria A1 - Villèsbrunne, Marie de la A1 - Bernaert, Oliver A1 - Nohr, Magnus A1 - Alario Hoyos, Carlos A1 - Delgado Kloos, Carlos A1 - Kiendl, Doris A1 - Terzieva, Liliya A1 - Concia, Francesca A1 - Distler, Petr A1 - Law, Gareth A1 - Macerata, Elena A1 - Mariani, Mario A1 - Mossini, Eros A1 - Negrin, Maddalena A1 - Štrok, Marko A1 - Neuböck, Kristina A1 - Linschinger, Nadine A1 - Lorenz, Anja A1 - Bock, Stefanie A1 - Schulte-Ostermann, Juleka A1 - Moura Santos, Ana A1 - Corti, Paola A1 - Costa, Luis Felipe Coimbra A1 - Utunen, Heini A1 - Attias, Melissa A1 - Tokar, Anna A1 - Kennedy, Eileen A1 - Laurillard, Diana A1 - Zeitoun, Samar A1 - Wasilewski, Julie A1 - Shlaka, Souhad A1 - Ouahib, Sara A1 - Berrada, Khalid A1 - Dietz, Michael A1 - Roth, Dennis ED - Meinel, Christoph ED - Schweiger, Stefanie ED - Staubitz, Thomas ED - Conrad, Robert ED - Alario Hoyos, Carlos ED - Ebner, Martin ED - Sancassani, Susanna ED - Żur, Agnieszka ED - Friedl, Christian ED - Halawa, Sherif ED - Gamage, Dilrukshi ED - Cross, Jeffrey ED - Jonson Carlon, May Kristine ED - Deville, Yves ED - Gaebel, Michael ED - Delgado Kloos, Carlos ED - von Schmieden, Karen T1 - EMOOCs 2023 BT - Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash? N2 - From June 14 to June 16, 2023, Hasso Plattner Institute, Potsdam, hosted the eighth European MOOC Stakeholder Summit (EMOOCs 2023). The pandemic is fortunately over. It has once again shown how important digital education is. How well-prepared a country was could be seen in our schools, universities, and companies. In different countries, the problems manifested themselves differently. The measures and approaches to solving the problems varied accordingly. Digital education, whether micro-credentials, MOOCs, blended learning formats, or other e-learning tools, received a major boost. EMOOCs 2023 focusses on the effects of this emergency situation. How has it affected the development and delivery of MOOCs and other e-learning offerings all over Europe? Which projects can serve as models for successful digital learning and teaching? Which roles can MOOCs and micro-credentials bear in the current business transformation? Is there a backlash to the routine we knew from pre-Corona times? Or have many things become firmly established in the meantime, e.g. remote work, hybrid conferences, etc.? Furthermore, EMOOCs 2023 has a closer look at the development and formalization of digital learning. Micro-credentials are just the starting point. Further steps in this direction would be complete online study programs or full online universities. Another main topic is the networking of learning offers and the standardization of formats and metadata. Examples of fruitful cooperations are the MOOChub, the European MOOC Consortium, and the Common Micro-Credential Framework. The learnings, derived from practical experience and research, are explored in EMOOCs 2023 in four tracks and additional workshops, covering various aspects of this field. In this publication, we present papers from the conference’s Research & Experience Track, the Business Track and the International Track. N2 - Vom 14. bis 16. Juni 2023 fand am Hasso-Plattner-Institut in Potsdam der achte European MOOC Stakeholder Summit (EMOOCs 2023) statt. Die Pandemie ist zum Glück vorbei. Sie hat einmal mehr gezeigt, wie wichtig digitale Bildung ist. Wie gut ein Land darauf vorbereitet war, zeigte sich in unseren Schulen, Universitäten und Unternehmen. In den verschiedenen Ländern haben sich die Probleme unterschiedlich manifestiert. Entsprechend unterschiedlich waren auch die Maßnahmen und Lösungsansätze. Die digitale Bildung, ob Micro-Credentials, MOOCs, Blended-Learning-Formate oder andere E-Learning-Tools, erhielt einen großen Schub. EMOOCs 2023 befasst sich mit den Auswirkungen dieser Notsituation. Wie hat sie die Entwicklung und Bereitstellung von MOOCs und anderen E-Learning-Angeboten in ganz Europa beeinflusst? Welche Projekte können als Modelle für erfolgreiches digitales Lernen und Lehren dienen? Welche Rolle können MOOCs und Micro-Credentials bei der aktuellen Transformation der Wirtschaft spielen? Gibt es eine Rückbesinnung auf die Routine, die wir aus der Zeit vor Corona kennen? Oder haben sich viele Dinge inzwischen fest etabliert, z.B. Remote Work, hybride Konferenzen, etc. Darüber hinaus wirft EMOOCs 2023 einen genaueren Blick auf die Entwicklung und Formalisierung des digitalen Lernens. Microcredentials sind nur der Anfang. Weitere Schritte in diese Richtung wären komplette Online-Studiengänge oder vollständige Online-Universitäten. Ein weiteres Schwerpunktthema ist die Vernetzung von Lernangeboten und die Standardisierung von Formaten und Metadaten. Beispiele für fruchtbare Kooperationen sind der MOOChub, das European MOOC Consortium und das Common Micro-Credential Framework. Die aus der Praxis und der Forschung gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden auf der EMOOCs 2023 in vier Tracks und zusätzlichen Workshops zu verschiedenen Aspekten des Themas vertieft. In dieser Publikation stellen wir Beiträge aus dem Research & Experience Track, dem Business Track und dem International Track vor. KW - MOOC KW - digital education KW - e-learning KW - online course design KW - online course creation KW - micro-credential KW - micro degree KW - online teaching KW - MOOC KW - Onlinekurs KW - Digitale Bildung KW - Online-Lehre KW - Kursdesign KW - Onlinekurs-Produktion KW - Micro Degree Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-576450 ER - TY - THES A1 - Breitenbach, Sebastian Franz Martin T1 - Changes in monsoonal precipitation and atmospheric circulation during the Holocene reconstructed from stalagmites from Northeastern India T1 - Veränderungen monsunalen Niederschlages und atmosphärischer Zirkulation während des Holozäns, rekonstruiert aus Stalagmiten aus Nordostindien N2 - Recent years witnessed a vast advent of stalagmites as palaeoclimate archives. The multitude of geochemical and physical proxies and a promise of a precise and accurate age model greatly appeal to palaeoclimatologists. Although substantial progress was made in speleothem-based palaeoclimate research and despite high-resolution records from low-latitudinal regions, proving that palaeo-environmental changes can be archived on sub-annual to millennial time scales our comprehension of climate dynamics is still fragmentary. This is in particular true for the summer monsoon system on the Indian subcontinent. The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is an integral part of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). As this rainfall belt migrates northward during boreal summer, it brings monsoonal rainfall. ISM strength depends however on a variety of factors, including snow cover in Central Asia and oceanic conditions in the Indic and Pacific. Presently, many of the factors influencing the ISM are known, though their exact forcing mechanism and mutual relations remain ambiguous. Attempts to make an accurate prediction of rainfall intensity and frequency and drought recurrence, which is extremely important for South Asian countries, resemble a puzzle game; all interaction need to fall into the right place to obtain a complete picture. My thesis aims to create a faithful picture of climate change in India, covering the last 11,000 ka. NE India represents a key region for the Bay of Bengal (BoB) branch of the ISM, as it is here where the monsoon splits into a northwestward and a northeastward directed arm. The Meghalaya Plateau is the first barrier for northward moving air masses and receives excessive summer rainfall, while the winter season is very dry. The proximity of Meghalaya to the Tibetan Plateau on the one hand and the BoB on the other hand make the study area a key location for investigating the interaction between different forcings that governs the ISM. A basis for the interpretation of palaeoclimate records, and a first important outcome of my thesis is a conceptual model which explains the observed pattern of seasonal changes in stable isotopes (d18O and d2H) in rainfall. I show that although in tropical and subtropical regions the amount effect is commonly called to explain strongly depleted isotope values during enhanced rainfall, alone it cannot account for observed rainwater isotope variability in Meghalaya. Monitoring of rainwater isotopes shows no expected negative correlation between precipitation amount and d18O of rainfall. In turn I find evidence that the runoff from high elevations carries an inherited isotopic signature into the BoB, where during the ISM season the freshwater builds a strongly depleted plume on top of the marine water. The vapor originating from this plume is likely to memorize' and transmit further very negative d18O values. The lack of data does not allow for quantication of this plume effect' on isotopes in rainfall over Meghalaya but I suggest that it varies on seasonal to millennial timescales, depending on the runoff amount and source characteristics. The focal point of my thesis is the extraction of climatic signals archived in stalagmites from NE India. High uranium concentration in the stalagmites ensured excellent age control required for successful high-resolution climate reconstructions. Stable isotope (d18O and d13C) and grey-scale data allow unprecedented insights into millennial to seasonal dynamics of the summer and winter monsoon in NE India. ISM strength (i. e. rainfall amount) is recorded in changes in d18Ostalagmites. The d13C signal, reflecting drip rate changes, renders a powerful proxy for dry season conditions, and shows similarities to temperature-related changes on the Tibetan Plateau. A sub-annual grey-scale profile supports a concept of lower drip rate and slower stalagmite growth during dry conditions. During the Holocene, ISM followed a millennial-scale decrease of insolation, with decadal to centennial failures resulting from atmospheric changes. The period of maximum rainfall and enhanced seasonality corresponds to the Holocene Thermal Optimum observed in Europe. After a phase of rather stable conditions, 4.5 kyr ago, the strengthening ENSO system dominated the ISM. Strong El Nino events weakened the ISM, especially when in concert with positive Indian Ocean dipole events. The strongest droughts of the last 11 kyr are recorded during the past 2 kyr. Using the advantage of a well-dated stalagmite record at hand I tested the application of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to detect sub-annual to sub-decadal changes in element concentrations in stalagmites. The development of a large ablation cell allows for ablating sample slabs of up to 22 cm total length. Each analyzed element is a potential proxy for different climatic parameters. Combining my previous results with the LAICP- MS-generated data shows that element concentration depends not only on rainfall amount and associated leaching from the soil. Additional factors, like biological activity and hydrogeochemical conditions in the soil and vadose zone can eventually affect the element content in drip water and in stalagmites. I present a theoretical conceptual model for my study site to explain how climatic signals can be transmitted and archived in stalagmite carbonate. Further, I establish a first 1500 year long element record, reconstructing rainfall variability. Additionally, I hypothesize that volcanic eruptions, producing large amounts of sulfuric acid, can influence soil acidity and hence element mobilization. N2 - Stalagmiten erfuhren in den letzten Jahren vermehrt Aufmerksamkeit als bedeutende Paläoklima- Archive. Paläoklimatologen sind beeindruckt von der grossen Zahl geochemischer und physikalischer Indikatoren (Proxies) und der Möglichkeit, präzise absolute Altersmodelle zu erstellen. Doch obwohl substantielle Fortschritte in der speleothem-basierten Klimaforschung gemacht wurden, und trotz hochaufgelöster Archive aus niederen Breiten, welche zeigen, das Umweltveränderungen auf Zeitskalen von Jahren bis Jahrtausenden archiviert und rekonstruiert werden können, bleibt unser Verständnis der Klimadynamik fragmentarisch. Ganz besonders gilt dies für den Indischen Sommermonsun (ISM) auf dem Indischen Subkontinent. Der ISM ist heute als ein integraler Bestandteil der intertropischen Konvergenzzone verstanden. Sobald dieser Regengürtel während des borealen Sommer nordwärts migriert kann der ISM seine feuchten Luftmassen auf dem Asiatischen Festland entladen. Dabei hängt die Stärke des ISM von einer Vielzahl von Faktoren ab. Zu diesen gehören die Schneedicke in Zentralasien im vorhergehenden Winter und ozeanische Bedingungen im Indischen und Pazifschen Ozean. Heute sind viele dieser Faktoren bekannt. Trotzdem bleiben deren Mechanismen und internen Verbindungen weiterhin mysteriös. Versuche, korrekte Vorhersagen zu Niederschlagsintensität und Häufigkeit oder zu Dürreereignissen zu erstellen ähneln einem Puzzle. All die verschiedenen Interaktionen müssen an die richtige Stelle gelegt werden, um ein sinnvolles Bild entstehen zu lassen. Meine Dissertation versucht, ein vertrauenswürdiges Bild des sich wandelnden Holozänen Klimas in Indien zu erstellen. NE Indien ist eine Schlüsselregion für den östlichen Arm des ISM, da sich hier der ISM in zwei Arme aufteilt, einen nordwestwärts und einen nordostwärts gerichteten. Das Meghalaya Plateau ist das erste Hindernis für die sich nordwärts bewegenden Luftmassen und erhält entsprechend exzessive Niederschläge während des Sommers. Die winterliche Jahreszeit dagegen ist sehr trocken. Die Nähe zum Tibetplateau einerseits und der Bucht von Bengalen andererseits determinieren die Schlüsselposition dieser Region für das Studium der Interaktionen der den ISM beeinflussenden Kräfte. Ein Fundament für die Interpretation der Paläoklimarecords und ein erstes wichtiges Ergebnis meiner Arbeit ist ein konzeptuelles Modell, welches die beobachteten saisonalen Veränderungen stabiler Isotope (d18O und d2H) im Niederschlag erklärt. Ich zeige, das obwohl in tropischen und subtropischen Regionen meist der amount effect zur Erklärung stark negativer Isotopenwerte während starker Niederschläge herangezogen wird, dieser allein nicht ausreicht, um die Isotopenvariabilität im Niederschlag Meghalaya's zu erklären. Die Langzeitbeobachtung der Regenwasserisotopie zeigt keine negative Korrelation zwischen Niederschlagsmenge und d18O. Es finden sich Hinweise, das der Abfluss aus den Hochgebirgsregionen Tibets und des Himalaya eine Isotopensignatur an das Oberflächenwasser der Bucht von Bengalen vererbt. Dort bildet sich aus isotopisch stark abgereicherten Wässern während des ISM eine Süsswasserlinse aus. Es ist wahrscheinlich, das Wasserdampf, der aus dieser Linse stammt, ein Isotopensignal aufgeprägt bekommt, welches abgereichertes d18O weitertransportiert. Der Mangel an Daten lässt es bisher leider nicht zu, quantitative Aussagen über den Einfluss dieses plume effect' auf Niederschläge in Meghalaya zu treffen. Es lässt sich allerdings vermuten, das dieser Einfluss auf saisonalen wie auch auf langen Zeitskalen variabel ist, abhängig vom Abfluss und der Quellencharacteristik. Der Fokus meiner Arbeit liegt in der Herauslösung klimatischer Signale aus nordostindischen Stalagmiten. Hohe Urankonzentrationen in diesen Stalagmiten erlaubt eine exzellente Alterskontrolle, die für hochauflösende Klimarekonstruktionen unerlässlich ist. Die stabilen Isotope (d18O und d13C), sowie Grauwertdaten, erlauben einmalige Einblicke in die Dynamik des Sommer und auch des Wintermonsun in NE Indien. Die ISM Stärke (d. h. Niederschlagsmenge) wird in Veränderungen in den d18Ostalagmites reflektiert. Das d13C Signal, welches Tropfratenänderungen speichert, dient als potenter Indikator für winterliche Trockenheitsbedingungen. Es zeigt Ähnlichkeit zu temperaturabhängigen Veränderungen auf dem Tibetplateau. Das sub-annuell aufgelöste Grauwertprofil stärkt das Konzept, das verminderte Tropfraten und langsameres Stalagmitenwachstum eine Folge von Trockenheit sind. Während des Holozäns folgte der ISM der jahrtausendelangen Verringerung der Insolation. Es finden sich aber ebenso rapide Anomalien, die aus atmosphärischen Veränderungen resultieren. Die Phase des höchsten Niederschlages und erhöhter Saisonalität korrespondiert mit dem Holozänen Thermalen Maximum. Nach einer Phase einigermassen stabilen Bedingungen begann vor ca. 4500 Jahren ENSO einen zunehmenden Einfluss auf den ISM auszuüben. Starke El Nino Ereignisse schwächen den ISM, besonders wenn diese zeitgleich mit positiven Indian Ocean Dipole Ereignissen auftreten. Die stärksten Dürren des gesamten Holozäns traten in den letzten 2000 Jahren auf. Um zusätzliche Informationen aus den hervorragenden Proben zu gewinnen nutzte ich die Vorteile der laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Diese erlaubt die Detektion sub-annueller bis sub-dekadischer Elementkonzentrationsveränderungen in Stalagmiten. Mittels einer neu entwickelten Ablationszelle konnten Proben von maximal 22 cm Länge untersucht werden. Jedes analysierte Element ist ein potentieller Träger einer Klimainformation. Die Kombination der früheren Ergebnisse mit denen der LA-IPC-MS zeigt, das die Elementkonzentrationen nicht nur von Niederschlagsveränderungen und assoziiertem Auswaschen aus dem Boden abhängen. Zusätzlich können auch die biologische Aktivität und hydrogeochemische Bedingungen in der vadosen Zone Einfluss auf die Elementzusammensetzung im Tropfwasser und in den Stalagmiten haben. Darum entwickelte ich ein theoretisches Modell für meinen Standort, um zu klären, wie Klimasignale von der Atmosphäre in die Höhle transportiert werden können. Ein anschliessend rekonstruierter 1500 Jahre langer Proxyrecord zeigt Niederschlagsvariabilität an. Zudem besteht die Möglichkeit, das Vulkaneruptionen, welche grosse Mengen an Schwefelsäure produzieren, eine Bodenversauerung verursachen und damit die Elementmobilisierung verstärken können. KW - Indischer Sommermonsun KW - Stabile Isotope KW - Stalagmiten KW - Holozän KW - Bucht von Bengalen KW - Indian Summer Monsoon KW - Bay of Bengal KW - stable isotopes KW - stalagmites KW - Laser ablation Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-37807 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zapata-Arteaga, Osnat A1 - Marina, Sara A1 - Zuo, Guangzheng A1 - Xu, Kai A1 - Dörling, Bernhard A1 - Alberto Pérez, Luis A1 - Sebastián Reparaz, Juan A1 - Martín, Jaime A1 - Kemerink, Martijn A1 - Campoy-Quiles, Mariano T1 - Design rules for polymer blends with high thermoelectric performance JF - Advanced energy materials N2 - A combinatorial study of the effect of in-mixing of various guests on the thermoelectric properties of the host workhorse polymer poly[2,5-bis(3-tetradecylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene] (PBTTT) is presented. Specifically, the composition and thickness for doped films of PBTTT blended with different polymers are varied. Some blends at guest weight fractions around 10-15% exhibit up to a fivefold increase in power factor compared to the reference material, leading to zT values around 0.1. Spectroscopic analysis of the charge-transfer species, structural characterization using grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, Raman, and atomic force microscopy, and Monte Carlo simulations are employed to determine that the key to improved performance is for the guest to promote long-range electrical connectivity and low disorder, together with similar highest occupied molecular orbital levels for both materials in order to ensure electronic connectivity are combined. KW - doping KW - microstructure KW - organic thermoelectrics KW - orientation KW - ternary Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202104076 SN - 1614-6832 SN - 1614-6840 VL - 12 IS - 19 PB - Wiley CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarze, Martin A1 - Schellhammer, Karl Sebastian A1 - Ortstein, Katrin A1 - Benduhn, Johannes A1 - Gaul, Christopher A1 - Hinderhofer, Alexander A1 - Perdigón-Toro, Lorena A1 - Scholz, Reinhard A1 - Kublitski, Jonas A1 - Roland, Steffen A1 - Lau, Matthias A1 - Poelking, Carl A1 - Andrienko, Denis A1 - Cuniberti, Gianaurelio A1 - Schreiber, Frank A1 - Neher, Dieter A1 - Vandewal, Koen A1 - Ortmann, Frank A1 - Leo, Karl T1 - Impact of molecular quadrupole moments on the energy levels at organic heterojunctions JF - Nature Communications N2 - The functionality of organic semiconductor devices crucially depends on molecular energies, namely the ionisation energy and the electron affinity. Ionisation energy and electron affinity values of thin films are, however, sensitive to film morphology and composition, making their prediction challenging. In a combined experimental and simulation study on zinc-phthalocyanine and its fluorinated derivatives, we show that changes in ionisation energy as a function of molecular orientation in neat films or mixing ratio in blends are proportional to the molecular quadrupole component along the p-p-stacking direction. We apply these findings to organic solar cells and demonstrate how the electrostatic interactions can be tuned to optimise the energy of the charge-transfer state at the donor-acceptor interface and the dissociation barrier for free charge carrier generation. The confirmation of the correlation between interfacial energies and quadrupole moments for other materials indicates its relevance for small molecules and polymers. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10435-2 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 10 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Damle, Mitali A1 - Sparre, Martin A1 - Richter, Philipp A1 - Hani, Maan H. A1 - Nuza, Sebastian A1 - Pfrommer, Christoph A1 - Grand, Robert J. J. A1 - Hoffman, Yehuda A1 - Libeskind, Noam A1 - Sorce, Jenny A1 - Steinmetz, Mathias A1 - Tempel, Elmo A1 - Vogelsberger, Mark A1 - Wang, Peng T1 - Cold and hot gas distribution around the Milky-Way – M31 system in the HESTIA simulations JF - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society N2 - Recent observations have revealed remarkable insights into the gas reservoir in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of galaxy haloes. In this paper, we characterise the gas in the vicinity of Milky Way and Andromeda analogues in the hestia (High resolution Environmental Simulations of The Immediate Area) suite of constrained Local Group (LG) simulations. The hestia suite comprise of a set of three high-resolution arepo-based simulations of the LG, run using the Auriga galaxy formation model. For this paper, we focus only on the 𝑧 = 0 simulation datasets and generate mock skymaps along with a power spectrum analysis to show that the distributions of ions tracing low-temperature gas (H i and Si iii) are more clumpy in comparison to warmer gas tracers (O vi, O vii and O viii). We compare to the spectroscopic CGM observations of M31 and low-redshift galaxies. hestia under-produces the column densities of the M31 observations, but the simulations are consistent with the observations of low-redshift galaxies. A possible explanation for these findings is that the spectroscopic observations of M31 are contaminated by gas residing in the CGM of the Milky Way. KW - software: data analysis KW - software: simulations KW - Galaxy: evolution KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: Local Group Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac663 SN - 0035-8711 SN - 1365-2966 VL - 512 SP - 3717 EP - 3737 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dallmeyer, Anne A1 - Claussen, Martin A1 - Ni, Jian A1 - Cao, Xianyong A1 - Wang, Yongbo A1 - Fischer, Nils A1 - Pfeiffer, Madlene A1 - Jin, Liya A1 - Khon, Vyacheslav A1 - Wagner, Sebastian A1 - Haberkorn, Kerstin A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike T1 - Biome changes in Asia since the mid-Holocene BT - An analysis of different transient Earth system model simulations T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The large variety of atmospheric circulation systems affecting the eastern Asian climate is reflected by the complex Asian vegetation distribution. Particularly in the transition zones of these circulation systems, vegetation is supposed to be very sensitive to climate change. Since proxy records are scarce, hitherto a mechanistic understanding of the past spatio-temporal climate-vegetation relationship is lacking. To assess the Holocene vegetation change and to obtain an ensemble of potential mid-Holocene biome distributions for eastern Asia, we forced the diagnostic biome model BIOME4 with climate anomalies of different transient Holocene climate simulations performed in coupled atmosphere-ocean(-vegetation) models. The simulated biome changes are compared with pollen-based biome records for different key regions. In all simulations, substantial biome shifts during the last 6000 years are confined to the high northern latitudes and the monsoon-westerly wind transition zone, but the temporal evolution and amplitude of change strongly depend on the climate forcing. Large parts of the southern tundra are replaced by taiga during the mid-Holocene due to a warmer growing season and the boreal treeline in northern Asia is shifted northward by approx. 4 degrees in the ensemble mean, ranging from 1.5 to 6 degrees in the individual simulations, respectively. This simulated treeline shift is in agreement with pollen-based reconstructions from northern Siberia. The desert fraction in the transition zone is reduced by 21% during the mid-Holocene compared to pre-industrial due to enhanced precipitation. The desert-steppe margin is shifted westward by 5 degrees (1-9 degrees in the individual simulations). The forest biomes are expanded north-westward by 2 degrees, ranging from 0 to 4 degrees in the single simulations. These results corroborate pollen-based reconstructions indicating an extended forest area in north-central China during the mid-Holocene. According to the model, the forest-to-non-forest and steppe-to-desert changes in the climate transition zones are spatially not uniform and not linear since the mid-Holocene. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 643 KW - Last Glacial Maximum KW - Eastern Continental Asia KW - summer monsoon precipitation KW - PMIP2 coupled simulations KW - Global Vegetation Model KW - northern high‐latitudes KW - Holocene climate change KW - Tibetan Plateau KW - environmental changes KW - Inner Mongolia Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-418755 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 643 SP - 107 EP - 134 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dallmeyer, Anne A1 - Claussen, Martin A1 - Ni, Jian A1 - Cao, Xianyong A1 - Wang, Yongbo A1 - Fischer, Nils A1 - Pfeiffer, Madlene A1 - Jin, Liya A1 - Khon, Vyacheslav A1 - Wagner, Sebastian A1 - Haberkorn, Kerstin A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike T1 - Biome changes in Asia since the mid-Holocene BT - an analysis of different transient Earth system model simulations JF - Climate of the past : an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union N2 - The large variety of atmospheric circulation systems affecting the eastern Asian climate is reflected by the complex Asian vegetation distribution. Particularly in the transition zones of these circulation systems, vegetation is supposed to be very sensitive to climate change. Since proxy records are scarce, hitherto a mechanistic understanding of the past spatio-temporal climate-vegetation relationship is lacking. To assess the Holocene vegetation change and to obtain an ensemble of potential mid-Holocene biome distributions for eastern Asia, we forced the diagnostic biome model BIOME4 with climate anomalies of different transient Holocene climate simulations performed in coupled atmosphere-ocean(-vegetation) models. The simulated biome changes are compared with pollen-based biome records for different key regions. In all simulations, substantial biome shifts during the last 6000 years are confined to the high northern latitudes and the monsoon-westerly wind transition zone, but the temporal evolution and amplitude of change strongly depend on the climate forcing. Large parts of the southern tundra are replaced by taiga during the mid-Holocene due to a warmer growing season and the boreal treeline in northern Asia is shifted northward by approx. 4 degrees in the ensemble mean, ranging from 1.5 to 6 degrees in the individual simulations, respectively. This simulated treeline shift is in agreement with pollen-based reconstructions from northern Siberia. The desert fraction in the transition zone is reduced by 21% during the mid-Holocene compared to pre-industrial due to enhanced precipitation. The desert-steppe margin is shifted westward by 5 degrees (1-9 degrees in the individual simulations). The forest biomes are expanded north-westward by 2 degrees, ranging from 0 to 4 degrees in the single simulations. These results corroborate pollen-based reconstructions indicating an extended forest area in north-central China during the mid-Holocene. According to the model, the forest-to-non-forest and steppe-to-desert changes in the climate transition zones are spatially not uniform and not linear since the mid-Holocene. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-107-2017 SN - 1814-9324 SN - 1814-9332 VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 134 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pontius, Niko A1 - Beye, Martin A1 - Trabant, Christoph A1 - Mitzner, Rolf A1 - Sorgenfrei, Nomi A1 - Kachel, Torsten A1 - Woestmann, Michael A1 - Roling, Sebastian A1 - Zacharias, Helmut A1 - Ivanov, Rosen A1 - Treusch, Rolf A1 - Buchholz, Marcel A1 - Metcalf, Pete A1 - Schuessler-Langeheine, Christian A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander T1 - Probing the non-equilibrium transient state in magnetite by a jitter-free two-color X-ray pump and X-ray probe experiment JF - Structural dynamics N2 - We present a general experimental concept for jitter-free pump and probe experiments at free electron lasers. By generating pump and probe pulse from one and the same X-ray pulse using an optical split-and-delay unit, we obtain a temporal resolution that is limited only by the X-ray pulse lengths. In a two-color X-ray pump and X-ray probe experiment with sub 70 fs temporal resolution, we selectively probe the response of orbital and charge degree of freedom in the prototypical functional oxide magnetite after photoexcitation. We find electronic order to be quenched on a time scale of (30 +/- 30) fs and hence most likely faster than what is to be expected for any lattice dynamics. Our experimental result hints to the formation of a short lived transient state with decoupled electronic and lattice degree of freedom in magnetite. The excitation and relaxation mechanism for X-ray pumping is discussed within a simple model leading to the conclusion that within the first 10 fs the original photoexcitation decays into low-energy electronic excitations comparable to what is achieved by optical pump pulse excitation. Our findings show on which time scales dynamical decoupling of degrees of freedom in functional oxides can be expected and how to probe this selectively with soft X-ray pulses. Results can be expected to provide crucial information for theories for ultrafast behavior of materials and help to develop concepts for novel switching devices. (C) 2018 Author(s). Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5042847 SN - 2329-7778 VL - 5 IS - 5 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Melville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fondell, Mattis A1 - Eckert, Sebastian A1 - Jay, Raphael Martin A1 - Weniger, Christian A1 - Quevedo, Wilson A1 - Niskanen, Johannes A1 - Kennedy, Brian A1 - Sorgenfrei, Nomi A1 - Schick, Daniel A1 - Giangrisostomi, Erika A1 - Ovsyannikov, Ruslan A1 - Adamczyk, Katrin A1 - Huse, Nils A1 - Wernet, Philippe A1 - Mitzner, Rolf A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander T1 - Time-resolved soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in transmission mode on liquids at MHz repetition rates JF - Structural dynamics N2 - We present a setup combining a liquid flatjet sample delivery and a MHz laser system for time-resolved soft X-ray absorption measurements of liquid samples at the high brilliance undulator beamline UE52-SGM at Bessy II yielding unprecedented statistics in this spectral range. We demonstrate that the efficient detection of transient absorption changes in transmission mode enables the identification of photoexcited species in dilute samples. With iron(II)-trisbipyridine in aqueous solution as a benchmark system, we present absorption measurements at various edges in the soft X-ray regime. In combination with the wavelength tunability of the laser system, the set-up opens up opportunities to study the photochemistry of many systems at low concentrations, relevant to materials sciences, chemistry, and biology. (C) 2017 Author(s). Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4993755 SN - 2329-7778 VL - 4 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Melville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - McKenna, Russell A1 - Pfenninger, Stefan A1 - Heinrichs, Heidi A1 - Schmidt, Johannes A1 - Staffell, Iain A1 - Bauer, Christian A1 - Gruber, Katharina A1 - Hahmann, Andrea N. A1 - Jansen, Malte A1 - Klingler, Michael A1 - Landwehr, Natascha A1 - Larsén, Xiaoli Guo A1 - Lilliestam, Johan A1 - Pickering, Bryn A1 - Robinius, Martin A1 - Tröndle, Tim A1 - Turkovska, Olga A1 - Wehrle, Sebastian A1 - Weinand, Jann Michael A1 - Wohland, Jan T1 - High-resolution large-scale onshore wind energy assessments BT - a review of potential definitions, methodologies and future research needs JF - Renewable energy N2 - The rapid uptake of renewable energy technologies in recent decades has increased the demand of energy researchers, policymakers and energy planners for reliable data on the spatial distribution of their costs and potentials. For onshore wind energy this has resulted in an active research field devoted to analysing these resources for regions, countries or globally. A particular thread of this research attempts to go beyond purely technical or spatial restrictions and determine the realistic, feasible or actual potential for wind energy. Motivated by these developments, this paper reviews methods and assumptions for analysing geographical, technical, economic and, finally, feasible onshore wind potentials. We address each of these potentials in turn, including aspects related to land eligibility criteria, energy meteorology, and technical developments of wind turbine characteristics such as power density, specific rotor power and spacing aspects. Economic aspects of potential assessments are central to future deployment and are discussed on a turbine and system level covering levelized costs depending on locations, and the system integration costs which are often overlooked in such analyses. Non-technical approaches include scenicness assessments of the landscape, constraints due to regulation or public opposition, expert and stakeholder workshops, willingness to pay/accept elicitations and socioeconomic cost-benefit studies. For each of these different potential estimations, the state of the art is critically discussed, with an attempt to derive best practice recommendations and highlight avenues for future research. KW - onshore wind KW - resource assessments KW - social acceptance KW - planning constraints KW - research priorities Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.10.027 SN - 0960-1481 VL - 182 SP - 659 EP - 684 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dahling, Volker A1 - May, Susann A1 - Greiner, Timo A1 - Thoma, Samuel A1 - Peter, Sebastian von A1 - Schwantes, Ulrich A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Heinze, Martin T1 - Verschreibungspraxis von Psychopharmaka in brandenburgischen Pflegeheimen T2 - Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gerontologie und Geriatrie T2 - Prescribing practice of psychotropic drugs in Brandenburg nursing homes Y1 - 2021 SN - 0948-6704 SN - 1435-1269 VL - 54 IS - SUPPL 1 SP - S26 EP - S26 PB - Springer Medizin CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lai, Huagui A1 - Luo, Jincheng A1 - Zwirner, Yannick A1 - Olthof, Selina A1 - Wieczorek, Alexander A1 - Ye, Fangyuan A1 - Jeangros, Quentin A1 - Yin, Xinxing A1 - Akhundova, Fatima A1 - Ma, Tianshu A1 - He, Rui A1 - Kothandaraman, Radha K. A1 - Chin, Xinyu A1 - Gilshtein, Evgeniia A1 - Muller, Andre A1 - Wang, Changlei A1 - Thiesbrummel, Jarla A1 - Siol, Sebastian A1 - Prieto, Jose Marquez A1 - Unold, Thomas A1 - Stolterfoht, Martin A1 - Chen, Cong A1 - Tiwari, Ayodhya N. A1 - Zhao, Dewei A1 - Fu, Fan T1 - High-performance flexible all-Perovskite tandem solar cells with reduced V-OC-deficit in wide-bandgap subcell JF - Advanced energy materials N2 - Among various types of perovskite-based tandem solar cells (TSCs), all-perovskite TSCs are of particular attractiveness for building- and vehicle-integrated photovoltaics, or space energy areas as they can be fabricated on flexible and lightweight substrates with a very high power-to-weight ratio. However, the efficiency of flexible all-perovskite tandems is lagging far behind their rigid counterparts primarily due to the challenges in developing efficient wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells on the flexible substrates as well as their low open-circuit voltage (V-OC). Here, it is reported that the use of self-assembled monolayers as hole-selective contact effectively suppresses the interfacial recombination and allows the subsequent uniform growth of a 1.77 eV WBG perovskite with superior optoelectronic quality. In addition, a postdeposition treatment with 2-thiopheneethylammonium chloride is employed to further suppress the bulk and interfacial recombination, boosting the V-OC of the WBG top cell to 1.29 V. Based on this, the first proof-of-concept four-terminal all-perovskite flexible TSC with a power conversion efficiency of 22.6% is presented. When integrating into two-terminal flexible tandems, 23.8% flexible all-perovskite TSCs with a superior V-OC of 2.1 V is achieved, which is on par with the V-OC reported on the 28% all-perovskite tandems grown on the rigid substrate. KW - all-perovskite tandems KW - flexible tandem solar cells KW - perovskite KW - V OC-deficit KW - wide-bandgap Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202202438 SN - 1614-6832 SN - 1614-6840 VL - 12 IS - 45 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wittig, Alice A1 - Miranda, Fabio Malcher A1 - Hölzer, Martin A1 - Altenburg, Tom A1 - Bartoszewicz, Jakub Maciej A1 - Beyvers, Sebastian A1 - Dieckmann, Marius Alfred A1 - Genske, Ulrich A1 - Giese, Sven Hans-Joachim A1 - Nowicka, Melania A1 - Richard, Hugues A1 - Schiebenhoefer, Henning A1 - Schmachtenberg, Anna-Juliane A1 - Sieben, Paul A1 - Tang, Ming A1 - Tembrockhaus, Julius A1 - Renard, Bernhard Y. A1 - Fuchs, Stephan T1 - CovRadar BT - continuously tracking and filtering SARS-CoV-2 mutations for genomic surveillance JF - Bioinformatics N2 - The ongoing pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 emphasizes the importance of genomic surveillance to understand the evolution of the virus, to monitor the viral population, and plan epidemiological responses. Detailed analysis, easy visualization and intuitive filtering of the latest viral sequences are powerful for this purpose. We present CovRadar, a tool for genomic surveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. CovRadar consists of an analytical pipeline and a web application that enable the analysis and visualization of hundreds of thousand sequences. First, CovRadar extracts the regions of interest using local alignment, then builds a multiple sequence alignment, infers variants and consensus and finally presents the results in an interactive app, making accessing and reporting simple, flexible and fast. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btac411 SN - 1367-4803 SN - 1367-4811 VL - 38 IS - 17 SP - 4223 EP - 4225 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Malinova, Irina A1 - Mahlow, Sebastian A1 - Alseekh, Saleh A1 - Orawetz, Tom A1 - Fernie, Alisdair A1 - Baumann, Otto A1 - Steup, Martin A1 - Fettke, Jörg T1 - Double knockout mutants of arabidopsis grown under normal conditions reveal that the plastidial phosphorylase isozyme participates in transitory starch metabolism JF - Plant physiology : an international journal devoted to physiology, biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, biophysics and environmental biology of plants N2 - In leaves of two starch-related single-knockout lines lacking either the cytosolic transglucosidase (also designated as disproportionating enzyme 2, DPE2) or the maltose transporter (MEX1), the activity of the plastidial phosphorylase isozyme (PHS1) is increased. In both mutants, metabolism of starch-derived maltose is impaired but inhibition is effective at different subcellular sites. Two constitutive double knockout mutants were generated (designated as dpe2-1 x phs1a and mex1 x phs1b) both lacking functional PHS1. They reveal that in normally grown plants, the plastidial phosphorylase isozyme participates in transitory starch degradation and that the central carbon metabolism is closely integrated into the entire cell biology. All plants were grown either under continuous illumination or in a light-dark regime. Both double mutants were compromised in growth and, compared with the single knockout plants, possess less average leaf starch when grown in a light-dark regime. Starch and chlorophyll contents decline with leaf age. As revealed by transmission electron microscopy, mesophyll cells degrade chloroplasts, but degradation is not observed in plants grown under continuous illumination. The two double mutants possess similar but not identical phenotypes. When grown in a light-dark regime, mesophyll chloroplasts of dpe2-1 x phs1a contain a single starch granule but under continuous illumination more granules per chloroplast are formed. The other double mutant synthesizes more granules under either growth condition. In continuous light, growth of both double mutants is similar to that of the parental single knockout lines. Metabolite profiles and oligoglucan patterns differ largely in the two double mutants. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.113.227843 SN - 0032-0889 SN - 1532-2548 VL - 164 IS - 2 SP - 907 EP - 921 PB - American Society of Plant Physiologists CY - Rockville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gebser, Martin A1 - Kaminski, Roland A1 - Kaufmann, Benjamin A1 - Lühne, Patrick A1 - Obermeier, Philipp A1 - Ostrowski, Max A1 - Romero Davila, Javier A1 - Schaub, Torsten A1 - Schellhorn, Sebastian A1 - Wanko, Philipp T1 - The Potsdam Answer Set Solving Collection 5.0 JF - Künstliche Intelligenz N2 - The Potsdam answer set solving collection, or Potassco for short, bundles various tools implementing and/or applying answer set programming. The article at hand succeeds an earlier description of the Potassco project published in Gebser et al. (AI Commun 24(2):107-124, 2011). Hence, we concentrate in what follows on the major features of the most recent, fifth generation of the ASP system clingo and highlight some recent resulting application systems. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-018-0528-x SN - 0933-1875 SN - 1610-1987 VL - 32 IS - 2-3 SP - 181 EP - 182 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koenig, Julian A1 - Abler, Birgit A1 - Agartz, Ingrid A1 - akerstedt, Torbjorn A1 - Andreassen, Ole A. A1 - Anthony, Mia A1 - Baer, Karl-Juergen A1 - Bertsch, Katja A1 - Brown, Rebecca C. A1 - Brunner, Romuald A1 - Carnevali, Luca A1 - Critchley, Hugo D. A1 - Cullen, Kathryn R. A1 - de Geus, Eco J. C. A1 - de la Cruz, Feliberto A1 - Dziobek, Isabel A1 - Ferger, Marc D. A1 - Fischer, Hakan A1 - Flor, Herta A1 - Gaebler, Michael A1 - Gianaros, Peter J. A1 - Giummarra, Melita J. A1 - Greening, Steven G. A1 - Guendelman, Simon A1 - Heathers, James A. J. A1 - Herpertz, Sabine C. A1 - Hu, Mandy X. A1 - Jentschke, Sebastian A1 - Kaess, Michael A1 - Kaufmann, Tobias A1 - Klimes-Dougan, Bonnie A1 - Koelsch, Stefan A1 - Krauch, Marlene A1 - Kumral, Deniz A1 - Lamers, Femke A1 - Lee, Tae-Ho A1 - Lekander, Mats A1 - Lin, Feng A1 - Lotze, Martin A1 - Makovac, Elena A1 - Mancini, Matteo A1 - Mancke, Falk A1 - Mansson, Kristoffer N. T. A1 - Manuck, Stephen B. A1 - Mather, Mara A1 - Meeten, Frances A1 - Min, Jungwon A1 - Mueller, Bryon A1 - Muench, Vera A1 - Nees, Frauke A1 - Nga, Lin A1 - Nilsonne, Gustav A1 - Ordonez Acuna, Daniela A1 - Osnes, Berge A1 - Ottaviani, Cristina A1 - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H. A1 - Ponzio, Allison A1 - Poudel, Govinda R. A1 - Reinelt, Janis A1 - Ren, Ping A1 - Sakaki, Michiko A1 - Schumann, Andy A1 - Sorensen, Lin A1 - Specht, Karsten A1 - Straub, Joana A1 - Tamm, Sandra A1 - Thai, Michelle A1 - Thayer, Julian F. A1 - Ubani, Benjamin A1 - van Der Mee, Denise J. A1 - van Velzen, Laura S. A1 - Ventura-Bort, Carlos A1 - Villringer, Arno A1 - Watson, David R. A1 - Wei, Luqing A1 - Wendt, Julia A1 - Schreiner, Melinda Westlund A1 - Westlye, Lars T. A1 - Weymar, Mathias A1 - Winkelmann, Tobias A1 - Wu, Guo-Rong A1 - Yoo, Hyun Joo A1 - Quintana, Daniel S. T1 - Cortical thickness and resting-state cardiac function across the lifespan BT - a cross-sectional pooled mega-analysis JF - Psychophysiology : journal of the Society for Psychophysiological Research N2 - Understanding the association between autonomic nervous system [ANS] function and brain morphology across the lifespan provides important insights into neurovisceral mechanisms underlying health and disease. Resting-state ANS activity, indexed by measures of heart rate [HR] and its variability [HRV] has been associated with brain morphology, particularly cortical thickness [CT]. While findings have been mixed regarding the anatomical distribution and direction of the associations, these inconsistencies may be due to sex and age differences in HR/HRV and CT. Previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes, which impede the assessment of sex differences and aging effects on the association between ANS function and CT. To overcome these limitations, 20 groups worldwide contributed data collected under similar protocols of CT assessment and HR/HRV recording to be pooled in a mega-analysis (N = 1,218 (50.5% female), mean age 36.7 years (range: 12-87)). Findings suggest a decline in HRV as well as CT with increasing age. CT, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex, explained additional variance in HRV, beyond the effects of aging. This pattern of results may suggest that the decline in HRV with increasing age is related to a decline in orbitofrontal CT. These effects were independent of sex and specific to HRV; with no significant association between CT and HR. Greater CT across the adult lifespan may be vital for the maintenance of healthy cardiac regulation via the ANS-or greater cardiac vagal activity as indirectly reflected in HRV may slow brain atrophy. Findings reveal an important association between CT and cardiac parasympathetic activity with implications for healthy aging and longevity that should be studied further in longitudinal research. KW - aging KW - autonomic nervous system KW - cortical thickness KW - heart rate KW - heart KW - rate variability KW - sex Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.13688 SN - 0048-5772 SN - 1469-8986 VL - 58 IS - 7 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Adriano, Christian A1 - Bleifuß, Tobias A1 - Cheng, Lung-Pan A1 - Diba, Kiarash A1 - Fricke, Andreas A1 - Grapentin, Andreas A1 - Jiang, Lan A1 - Kovacs, Robert A1 - Krejca, Martin Stefan A1 - Mandal, Sankalita A1 - Marwecki, Sebastian A1 - Matthies, Christoph A1 - Mattis, Toni A1 - Niephaus, Fabio A1 - Pirl, Lukas A1 - Quinzan, Francesco A1 - Ramson, Stefan A1 - Rezaei, Mina A1 - Risch, Julian A1 - Rothenberger, Ralf A1 - Roumen, Thijs A1 - Stojanovic, Vladeta A1 - Wolf, Johannes ED - Meinel, Christoph ED - Plattner, Hasso ED - Döllner, Jürgen Roland Friedrich ED - Weske, Mathias ED - Polze, Andreas ED - Hirschfeld, Robert ED - Naumann, Felix ED - Giese, Holger ED - Baudisch, Patrick ED - Friedrich, Tobias ED - Böttinger, Erwin ED - Lippert, Christoph T1 - Technical report BT - Fall Retreat 2018 N2 - Design and Implementation of service-oriented architectures imposes a huge number of research questions from the fields of software engineering, system analysis and modeling, adaptability, and application integration. Component orientation and web services are two approaches for design and realization of complex web-based system. Both approaches allow for dynamic application adaptation as well as integration of enterprise application. Commonly used technologies, such as J2EE and .NET, form de facto standards for the realization of complex distributed systems. Evolution of component systems has lead to web services and service-based architectures. This has been manifested in a multitude of industry standards and initiatives such as XML, WSDL UDDI, SOAP, etc. All these achievements lead to a new and promising paradigm in IT systems engineering which proposes to design complex software solutions as collaboration of contractually defined software services. Service-Oriented Systems Engineering represents a symbiosis of best practices in object-orientation, component-based development, distributed computing, and business process management. It provides integration of business and IT concerns. The annual Ph.D. Retreat of the Research School provides each member the opportunity to present his/her current state of their research and to give an outline of a prospective Ph.D. thesis. Due to the interdisciplinary structure of the research school, this technical report covers a wide range of topics. These include but are not limited to: Human Computer Interaction and Computer Vision as Service; Service-oriented Geovisualization Systems; Algorithm Engineering for Service-oriented Systems; Modeling and Verification of Self-adaptive Service-oriented Systems; Tools and Methods for Software Engineering in Service-oriented Systems; Security Engineering of Service-based IT Systems; Service-oriented Information Systems; Evolutionary Transition of Enterprise Applications to Service Orientation; Operating System Abstractions for Service-oriented Computing; and Services Specification, Composition, and Enactment. N2 - Der Entwurf und die Realisierung dienstbasierender Architekturen wirft eine Vielzahl von Forschungsfragestellungen aus den Gebieten der Softwaretechnik, der Systemmodellierung und -analyse, sowie der Adaptierbarkeit und Integration von Applikationen auf. Komponentenorientierung und WebServices sind zwei Ansätze für den effizienten Entwurf und die Realisierung komplexer Web-basierender Systeme. Sie ermöglichen die Reaktion auf wechselnde Anforderungen ebenso, wie die Integration großer komplexer Softwaresysteme. Heute übliche Technologien, wie J2EE und .NET, sind de facto Standards für die Entwicklung großer verteilter Systeme. Die Evolution solcher Komponentensysteme führt über WebServices zu dienstbasierenden Architekturen. Dies manifestiert sich in einer Vielzahl von Industriestandards und Initiativen wie XML, WSDL, UDDI, SOAP. All diese Schritte führen letztlich zu einem neuen, vielversprechenden Paradigma für IT Systeme, nach dem komplexe Softwarelösungen durch die Integration vertraglich vereinbarter Software-Dienste aufgebaut werden sollen. "Service-Oriented Systems Engineering" repräsentiert die Symbiose bewährter Praktiken aus den Gebieten der Objektorientierung, der Komponentenprogrammierung, des verteilten Rechnen sowie der Geschäftsprozesse und berücksichtigt auch die Integration von Geschäftsanliegen und Informationstechnologien. Die Klausurtagung des Forschungskollegs "Service-oriented Systems Engineering" findet einmal jährlich statt und bietet allen Kollegiaten die Möglichkeit den Stand ihrer aktuellen Forschung darzulegen. Bedingt durch die Querschnittstruktur des Kollegs deckt dieser Bericht ein weites Spektrum aktueller Forschungsthemen ab. Dazu zählen unter anderem Human Computer Interaction and Computer Vision as Service; Service-oriented Geovisualization Systems; Algorithm Engineering for Service-oriented Systems; Modeling and Verification of Self-adaptive Service-oriented Systems; Tools and Methods for Software Engineering in Service-oriented Systems; Security Engineering of Service-based IT Systems; Service-oriented Information Systems; Evolutionary Transition of Enterprise Applications to Service Orientation; Operating System Abstractions for Service-oriented Computing; sowie Services Specification, Composition, and Enactment. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 129 KW - Hasso Plattner Institute KW - research school KW - Ph.D. retreat KW - service-oriented systems engineering KW - Hasso-Plattner-Institut KW - Forschungskolleg KW - Klausurtagung KW - Service-oriented Systems Engineering Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427535 SN - 978-3-86956-465-4 SN - 1613-5652 SN - 2191-1665 IS - 129 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER -