TY - JOUR
A1 - Wuttke, Matthias
A1 - Li, Yong
A1 - Li, Man
A1 - Sieber, Karsten B.
A1 - Feitosa, Mary F.
A1 - Gorski, Mathias
A1 - Tin, Adrienne
A1 - Wang, Lihua
A1 - Chu, Audrey Y.
A1 - Hoppmann, Anselm
A1 - Kirsten, Holger
A1 - Giri, Ayush
A1 - Chai, Jin-Fang
A1 - Sveinbjornsson, Gardar
A1 - Tayo, Bamidele O.
A1 - Nutile, Teresa
A1 - Fuchsberger, Christian
A1 - Marten, Jonathan
A1 - Cocca, Massimiliano
A1 - Ghasemi, Sahar
A1 - Xu, Yizhe
A1 - Horn, Katrin
A1 - Noce, Damia
A1 - Van der Most, Peter J.
A1 - Sedaghat, Sanaz
A1 - Yu, Zhi
A1 - Akiyama, Masato
A1 - Afaq, Saima
A1 - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer Singh
A1 - Almgren, Peter
A1 - Amin, Najaf
A1 - Arnlov, Johan
A1 - Bakker, Stephan J. L.
A1 - Bansal, Nisha
A1 - Baptista, Daniela
A1 - Bergmann, Sven
A1 - Biggs, Mary L.
A1 - Biino, Ginevra
A1 - Boehnke, Michael
A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric
A1 - Boissel, Mathilde
A1 - Böttinger, Erwin
A1 - Boutin, Thibaud S.
A1 - Brenner, Hermann
A1 - Brumat, Marco
A1 - Burkhardt, Ralph
A1 - Butterworth, Adam S.
A1 - Campana, Eric
A1 - Campbell, Archie
A1 - Campbell, Harry
A1 - Canouil, Mickael
A1 - Carroll, Robert J.
A1 - Catamo, Eulalia
A1 - Chambers, John C.
A1 - Chee, Miao-Ling
A1 - Chee, Miao-Li
A1 - Chen, Xu
A1 - Cheng, Ching-Yu
A1 - Cheng, Yurong
A1 - Christensen, Kaare
A1 - Cifkova, Renata
A1 - Ciullo, Marina
A1 - Concas, Maria Pina
A1 - Cook, James P.
A1 - Coresh, Josef
A1 - Corre, Tanguy
A1 - Sala, Cinzia Felicita
A1 - Cusi, Daniele
A1 - Danesh, John
A1 - Daw, E. Warwick
A1 - De Borst, Martin H.
A1 - De Grandi, Alessandro
A1 - De Mutsert, Renee
A1 - De Vries, Aiko P. J.
A1 - Degenhardt, Frauke
A1 - Delgado, Graciela
A1 - Demirkan, Ayse
A1 - Di Angelantonio, Emanuele
A1 - Dittrich, Katalin
A1 - Divers, Jasmin
A1 - Dorajoo, Rajkumar
A1 - Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
A1 - Ehret, Georg
A1 - Elliott, Paul
A1 - Endlich, Karlhans
A1 - Evans, Michele K.
A1 - Felix, Janine F.
A1 - Foo, Valencia Hui Xian
A1 - Franco, Oscar H.
A1 - Franke, Andre
A1 - Freedman, Barry I.
A1 - Freitag-Wolf, Sandra
A1 - Friedlander, Yechiel
A1 - Froguel, Philippe
A1 - Gansevoort, Ron T.
A1 - Gao, He
A1 - Gasparini, Paolo
A1 - Gaziano, J. Michael
A1 - Giedraitis, Vilmantas
A1 - Gieger, Christian
A1 - Girotto, Giorgia
A1 - Giulianini, Franco
A1 - Gogele, Martin
A1 - Gordon, Scott D.
A1 - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F.
A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur
A1 - Haller, Toomas
A1 - Hamet, Pavel
A1 - Harris, Tamara B.
A1 - Hartman, Catharina A.
A1 - Hayward, Caroline
A1 - Hellwege, Jacklyn N.
A1 - Heng, Chew-Kiat
A1 - Hicks, Andrew A.
A1 - Hofer, Edith
A1 - Huang, Wei
A1 - Hutri-Kahonen, Nina
A1 - Hwang, Shih-Jen
A1 - Ikram, M. Arfan
A1 - Indridason, Olafur S.
A1 - Ingelsson, Erik
A1 - Ising, Marcus
A1 - Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.
A1 - Jakobsdottir, Johanna
A1 - Jonas, Jost B.
A1 - Joshi, Peter K.
A1 - Josyula, Navya Shilpa
A1 - Jung, Bettina
A1 - Kahonen, Mika
A1 - Kamatani, Yoichiro
A1 - Kammerer, Candace M.
A1 - Kanai, Masahiro
A1 - Kastarinen, Mika
A1 - Kerr, Shona M.
A1 - Khor, Chiea-Chuen
A1 - Kiess, Wieland
A1 - Kleber, Marcus E.
A1 - Koenig, Wolfgang
A1 - Kooner, Jaspal S.
A1 - Korner, Antje
A1 - Kovacs, Peter
A1 - Kraja, Aldi T.
A1 - Krajcoviechova, Alena
A1 - Kramer, Holly
A1 - Kramer, Bernhard K.
A1 - Kronenberg, Florian
A1 - Kubo, Michiaki
A1 - Kuhnel, Brigitte
A1 - Kuokkanen, Mikko
A1 - Kuusisto, Johanna
A1 - La Bianca, Martina
A1 - Laakso, Markku
A1 - Lange, Leslie A.
A1 - Langefeld, Carl D.
A1 - Lee, Jeannette Jen-Mai
A1 - Lehne, Benjamin
A1 - Lehtimaki, Terho
A1 - Lieb, Wolfgang
A1 - Lim, Su-Chi
A1 - Lind, Lars
A1 - Lindgren, Cecilia M.
A1 - Liu, Jun
A1 - Liu, Jianjun
A1 - Loeffler, Markus
A1 - Loos, Ruth J. F.
A1 - Lucae, Susanne
A1 - Lukas, Mary Ann
A1 - Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka
A1 - Magi, Reedik
A1 - Magnusson, Patrik K. E.
A1 - Mahajan, Anubha
A1 - Martin, Nicholas G.
A1 - Martins, Jade
A1 - Marz, Winfried
A1 - Mascalzoni, Deborah
A1 - Matsuda, Koichi
A1 - Meisinger, Christa
A1 - Meitinger, Thomas
A1 - Melander, Olle
A1 - Metspalu, Andres
A1 - Mikaelsdottir, Evgenia K.
A1 - Milaneschi, Yuri
A1 - Miliku, Kozeta
A1 - Mishra, Pashupati P.
A1 - Program, V. A. Million Veteran
A1 - Mohlke, Karen L.
A1 - Mononen, Nina
A1 - Montgomery, Grant W.
A1 - Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O.
A1 - Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.
A1 - Nadkarni, Girish N.
A1 - Nalls, Mike A.
A1 - Nauck, Matthias
A1 - Nikus, Kjell
A1 - Ning, Boting
A1 - Nolte, Ilja M.
A1 - Noordam, Raymond
A1 - Olafsson, Isleifur
A1 - Oldehinkel, Albertine J.
A1 - Orho-Melander, Marju
A1 - Ouwehand, Willem H.
A1 - Padmanabhan, Sandosh
A1 - Palmer, Nicholette D.
A1 - Palsson, Runolfur
A1 - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
A1 - Perls, Thomas
A1 - Perola, Markus
A1 - Pirastu, Mario
A1 - Pirastu, Nicola
A1 - Pistis, Giorgio
A1 - Podgornaia, Anna I.
A1 - Polasek, Ozren
A1 - Ponte, Belen
A1 - Porteous, David J.
A1 - Poulain, Tanja
A1 - Pramstaller, Peter P.
A1 - Preuss, Michael H.
A1 - Prins, Bram P.
A1 - Province, Michael A.
A1 - Rabelink, Ton J.
A1 - Raffield, Laura M.
A1 - Raitakari, Olli T.
A1 - Reilly, Dermot F.
A1 - Rettig, Rainer
A1 - Rheinberger, Myriam
A1 - Rice, Kenneth M.
A1 - Ridker, Paul M.
A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando
A1 - Rizzi, Federica
A1 - Roberts, David J.
A1 - Robino, Antonietta
A1 - Rossing, Peter
A1 - Rudan, Igor
A1 - Rueedi, Rico
A1 - Ruggiero, Daniela
A1 - Ryan, Kathleen A.
A1 - Saba, Yasaman
A1 - Sabanayagam, Charumathi
A1 - Salomaa, Veikko
A1 - Salvi, Erika
A1 - Saum, Kai-Uwe
A1 - Schmidt, Helena
A1 - Schmidt, Reinhold
A1 - Ben Schottker,
A1 - Schulz, Christina-Alexandra
A1 - Schupf, Nicole
A1 - Shaffer, Christian M.
A1 - Shi, Yuan
A1 - Smith, Albert V.
A1 - Smith, Blair H.
A1 - Soranzo, Nicole
A1 - Spracklen, Cassandra N.
A1 - Strauch, Konstantin
A1 - Stringham, Heather M.
A1 - Stumvoll, Michael
A1 - Svensson, Per O.
A1 - Szymczak, Silke
A1 - Tai, E-Shyong
A1 - Tajuddin, Salman M.
A1 - Tan, Nicholas Y. Q.
A1 - Taylor, Kent D.
A1 - Teren, Andrej
A1 - Tham, Yih-Chung
A1 - Thiery, Joachim
A1 - Thio, Chris H. L.
A1 - Thomsen, Hauke
A1 - Thorleifsson, Gudmar
A1 - Toniolo, Daniela
A1 - Tonjes, Anke
A1 - Tremblay, Johanne
A1 - Tzoulaki, Ioanna
A1 - Uitterlinden, Andre G.
A1 - Vaccargiu, Simona
A1 - Van Dam, Rob M.
A1 - Van der Harst, Pim
A1 - Van Duijn, Cornelia M.
A1 - Edward, Digna R. Velez
A1 - Verweij, Niek
A1 - Vogelezang, Suzanne
A1 - Volker, Uwe
A1 - Vollenweider, Peter
A1 - Waeber, Gerard
A1 - Waldenberger, Melanie
A1 - Wallentin, Lars
A1 - Wang, Ya Xing
A1 - Wang, Chaolong
A1 - Waterworth, Dawn M.
A1 - Bin Wei, Wen
A1 - White, Harvey
A1 - Whitfield, John B.
A1 - Wild, Sarah H.
A1 - Wilson, James F.
A1 - Wojczynski, Mary K.
A1 - Wong, Charlene
A1 - Wong, Tien-Yin
A1 - Xu, Liang
A1 - Yang, Qiong
A1 - Yasuda, Masayuki
A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M.
A1 - Zhang, Weihua
A1 - Zonderman, Alan B.
A1 - Rotter, Jerome I.
A1 - Bochud, Murielle
A1 - Psaty, Bruce M.
A1 - Vitart, Veronique
A1 - Wilson, James G.
A1 - Dehghan, Abbas
A1 - Parsa, Afshin
A1 - Chasman, Daniel I.
A1 - Ho, Kevin
A1 - Morris, Andrew P.
A1 - Devuyst, Olivier
A1 - Akilesh, Shreeram
A1 - Pendergrass, Sarah A.
A1 - Sim, Xueling
A1 - Boger, Carsten A.
A1 - Okada, Yukinori
A1 - Edwards, Todd L.
A1 - Snieder, Harold
A1 - Stefansson, Kari
A1 - Hung, Adriana M.
A1 - Heid, Iris M.
A1 - Scholz, Markus
A1 - Teumer, Alexander
A1 - Kottgen, Anna
A1 - Pattaro, Cristian
T1 - A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals
JF - Nature genetics
N2 - Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through transancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these,147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-019-0407-x
SN - 1061-4036
SN - 1546-1718
VL - 51
IS - 6
SP - 957
EP - +
PB - Nature Publ. Group
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Abdo, A. A.
A1 - Ackermann, Margit
A1 - Ajello, M.
A1 - Allafort, A. J.
A1 - Baldini, L.
A1 - Ballet, J.
A1 - Barbiellini, G.
A1 - Baring, M. G.
A1 - Bastieri, D.
A1 - Bechtol, K. C.
A1 - Bellazzini, R.
A1 - Berenji, B.
A1 - Blandford, R. D.
A1 - Bloom, E. D.
A1 - Bonamente, E.
A1 - Borgland, A. W.
A1 - Bouvier, A.
A1 - Brandt, T. J.
A1 - Bregeon, Johan
A1 - Brez, A.
A1 - Brigida, M.
A1 - Bruel, P.
A1 - Buehler, R.
A1 - Buson, S.
A1 - Caliandro, G. A.
A1 - Cameron, R. A.
A1 - Cannon, A.
A1 - Caraveo, P. A.
A1 - Carrigan, Svenja
A1 - Casandjian, J. M.
A1 - Cavazzuti, E.
A1 - Cecchi, C.
A1 - Celik, O.
A1 - Charles, E.
A1 - Chekhtman, A.
A1 - Cheung, C. C.
A1 - Chiang, J.
A1 - Ciprini, S.
A1 - Claus, R.
A1 - Cohen-Tanugi, J.
A1 - Conrad, Jan
A1 - Cutini, S.
A1 - Dermer, C. D.
A1 - de Palma, F.
A1 - do Couto e Silva, E.
A1 - Drell, P. S.
A1 - Dubois, R.
A1 - Dumora, D.
A1 - Favuzzi, C.
A1 - Fegan, S. J.
A1 - Ferrara, E. C.
A1 - Focke, W. B.
A1 - Fortin, P.
A1 - Frailis, M.
A1 - Fuhrmann, L.
A1 - Fukazawa, Y.
A1 - Funk, S.
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A1 - Gasparrini, D.
A1 - Gehrels, N.
A1 - Germani, S.
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A1 - Giroletti, M.
A1 - Glanzman, T.
A1 - Godfrey, G.
A1 - Grenier, I. A.
A1 - Guillemot, L.
A1 - Guiriec, S.
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A1 - Hays, E.
A1 - Horan, D.
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A1 - Longo, F.
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A1 - Makeev, A.
A1 - Max-Moerbeck, W.
A1 - Mazziotta, Mario Nicola
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A1 - Mehault, J.
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A1 - Mitthumsiri, W.
A1 - Mizuno, T.
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A1 - Morselli, A.
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A1 - Murgia, S.
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A1 - Nishino, S.
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A1 - Schroedter, M.
A1 - Sembroski, G. H.
A1 - Senturk, G. D.
A1 - Steele, D.
A1 - Swordy, S. P.
A1 - Tesic, G.
A1 - Theiling, M.
A1 - Thibadeau, S.
A1 - Varlotta, A.
A1 - Vincent, S.
A1 - Wakely, S. P.
A1 - Ward, J. E.
A1 - Weekes, T. C.
A1 - Weinstein, A.
A1 - Weisgarber, T.
A1 - Williams, D. A.
A1 - Wood, M.
A1 - Zitzer, B.
A1 - Villata, M.
A1 - Raiteri, C. M.
A1 - Aller, H. D.
A1 - Aller, M. F.
A1 - Arkharov, A. A.
A1 - Blinov, D. A.
A1 - Calcidese, P.
A1 - Chen, W. P.
A1 - Efimova, N. V.
A1 - Kimeridze, G.
A1 - Konstantinova, T. S.
A1 - Kopatskaya, E. N.
A1 - Koptelova, E.
A1 - Kurtanidze, O. M.
A1 - Kurtanidze, S. O.
A1 - Lahteenmaki, A.
A1 - Larionov, V. M.
A1 - Larionova, E. G.
A1 - Larionova, L. V.
A1 - Ligustri, R.
A1 - Morozova, D. A.
A1 - Nikolashvili, M. G.
A1 - Sigua, L. A.
A1 - Troitsky, I. S.
A1 - Angelakis, E.
A1 - Capalbi, M.
A1 - Carraminana, A.
A1 - Carrasco, L.
A1 - Cassaro, P.
A1 - de la Fuente, E.
A1 - Gurwell, M. A.
A1 - Kovalev, Y. Y.
A1 - Kovalev, Yu. A.
A1 - Krichbaum, T. P.
A1 - Krimm, H. A.
A1 - Leto, Paolo
A1 - Lister, M. L.
A1 - Maccaferri, G.
A1 - Moody, J. W.
A1 - Mori, Y.
A1 - Nestoras, I.
A1 - Orlati, A.
A1 - Pagani, C.
A1 - Pace, C.
A1 - Pearson, R.
A1 - Perri, M.
A1 - Piner, B. G.
A1 - Pushkarev, A. B.
A1 - Ros, E.
A1 - Sadun, A. C.
A1 - Sakamoto, T.
A1 - Tornikoski, M.
A1 - Yatsu, Y.
A1 - Zook, A.
T1 - Insights into the high-energy gamma-Ray emission of markarian 501 fromextensive multifrequency observations in the fermi era
JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics
N2 - We report on the gamma-ray activity of the blazar Mrk 501 during the first 480 days of Fermi operation. We find that the average Large Area Telescope (LAT) gamma-ray spectrum of Mrk 501 can be well described by a single power-law function with a photon index of 1.78 +/- 0.03. While we observe relatively mild flux variations with the Fermi-LAT (within less than a factor of two), we detect remarkable spectral variability where the hardest observed spectral index within the LAT energy range is 1.52 +/- 0.14, and the softest one is 2.51 +/- 0.20. These unexpected spectral changes do not correlate with the measured flux variations above 0.3 GeV. In this paper, we also present the first results from the 4.5 month long multifrequency campaign (2009 March 15-August 1) on Mrk 501, which included the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), Swift, RXTE, MAGIC, and VERITAS, the F-GAMMA, GASP-WEBT, and other collaborations and instruments which provided excellent temporal and energy coverage of the source throughout the entire campaign. The extensive radio to TeV data set from this campaign provides us with the most detailed spectral energy distribution yet collected for this source during its relatively low activity. The average spectral energy distribution of Mrk 501 is well described by the standard one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model. In the framework of this model, we find that the dominant emission region is characterized by a size less than or similar to 0.1 pc (comparable within a factor of few to the size of the partially resolved VLBA core at 15-43 GHz), and that the total jet power (similar or equal to 10(44) erg s(-1)) constitutes only a small fraction (similar to 10(-3)) of the Eddington luminosity. The energy distribution of the freshly accelerated radiating electrons required to fit the time-averaged data has a broken power-law form in the energy range 0.3 GeV-10 TeV, with spectral indices 2.2 and 2.7 below and above the break energy of 20 GeV. We argue that such a form is consistent with a scenario in which the bulk of the energy dissipation within the dominant emission zone of Mrk 501 is due to relativistic, proton-mediated shocks. We find that the ultrarelativistic electrons and mildly relativistic protons within the blazar zone, if comparable in number, are in approximate energy equipartition, with their energy dominating the jet magnetic field energy by about two orders of magnitude.
KW - acceleration of particles
KW - BL Lacertae objects: general
KW - BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 501)
KW - galaxies: active
KW - gamma rays: general
KW - radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
Y1 - 2011
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/727/2/129
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 727
IS - 2
PB - IOP Publ. Ltd.
CY - Bristol
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Aleksic, J.
A1 - Ansoldi, S.
A1 - Antonelli, L. A.
A1 - Antoranz, P.
A1 - Babic, A.
A1 - Bangale, P.
A1 - de Almeida, U. Barres
A1 - Barrio, J. A.
A1 - Becerra Gonzalez, J.
A1 - Bednarek, W.
A1 - Berger, K.
A1 - Bernardini, E.
A1 - Biland, A.
A1 - Blanch Bigas, O.
A1 - Bock, R. K.
A1 - Bonnefoy, S.
A1 - Bonnoli, G.
A1 - Borracci, F.
A1 - Bretz, T.
A1 - Carmona, E.
A1 - Carosi, A.
A1 - Fidalgo, D. Carreto
A1 - Colin, P.
A1 - Colombo, E.
A1 - Contreras, J. L.
A1 - Cortina, J.
A1 - Covino, S.
A1 - Da Vela, P.
A1 - Dazzi, F.
A1 - De Angelis, A.
A1 - De Caneva, G.
A1 - De Lotto, B.
A1 - Delgado Mendez, C.
A1 - Doert, M.
A1 - Dominguez, A.
A1 - Prester, Dijana Dominis
A1 - Dorner, D.
A1 - Doro, M.
A1 - Einecke, S.
A1 - Eisenacher, D.
A1 - Elsaesser, D.
A1 - Farina, E.
A1 - Ferenc, D.
A1 - Fonseca, M. V.
A1 - Font, L.
A1 - Frantzen, K.
A1 - Fruck, C.
A1 - Garcia Lopez, R. J.
A1 - Garczarczyk, M.
A1 - Garrido Terrats, D.
A1 - Gaug, M.
A1 - Giavitto, G.
A1 - Godinovic, N.
A1 - Gonzalez Munoz, A.
A1 - Gozzini, S. R.
A1 - Hadamek, A.
A1 - Hadasch, D.
A1 - Herrero, A.
A1 - Hildebrand, D.
A1 - Hose, J.
A1 - Hrupec, D.
A1 - Idec, W.
A1 - Kadenius, V.
A1 - Kellermann, H.
A1 - Knoetig, M. L.
A1 - Krause, J.
A1 - Kushida, J.
A1 - La Barbera, A.
A1 - Lelas, D.
A1 - Lewandowska, N.
A1 - Lindfors, E.
A1 - Lombardi, S.
A1 - Lopez, M.
A1 - Lopez-Coto, R.
A1 - Lopez-Oramas, A.
A1 - Lorenz, E.
A1 - Lozano, I.
A1 - Makariev, M.
A1 - Mallot, K.
A1 - Maneva, G.
A1 - Mankuzhiyil, N.
A1 - Mannheim, K.
A1 - Maraschi, L.
A1 - Marcote, B.
A1 - Mariotti, M.
A1 - Martinez, M.
A1 - Mazin, D.
A1 - Menzel, U.
A1 - Meucci, M.
A1 - Miranda, J. M.
A1 - Mirzoyan, R.
A1 - Moralejo, A.
A1 - Munar-Adrover, P.
A1 - Nakajima, D.
A1 - Niedzwiecki, A.
A1 - Nilsson, K.
A1 - Nowak, N.
A1 - Orito, R.
A1 - Overkemping, A.
A1 - Paiano, S.
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A1 - Paoletti, R.
A1 - Paredes, J. M.
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A1 - Partini, S.
A1 - Persic, M.
A1 - Prada, F.
A1 - Moroni, P. G. Prada
A1 - Prandini, E.
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A1 - Puljak, I.
A1 - Reinthal, R.
A1 - Rhode, W.
A1 - Ribo, M.
A1 - Rico, J.
A1 - Garcia, J. Rodriguez
A1 - Ruegamer, S.
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A1 - Saito, T.
A1 - Saito, K.
A1 - Salvati, M.
A1 - Satalecka, K.
A1 - Scalzotto, V.
A1 - Scapin, V.
A1 - Schultz, C.
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A1 - Shore, S. N.
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A1 - Tibolla, O.
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A1 - Toyama, T.
A1 - Treves, A.
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A1 - Vogler, P.
A1 - Wagner, R. M.
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A1 - Zanin, R.
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A1 - Beilicke, M.
A1 - Benbow, W.
A1 - Berger, K.
A1 - Bird, R.
A1 - Bouvier, A.
A1 - Bugaev, V.
A1 - Cerruti, M.
A1 - Chen, Xuhui
A1 - Ciupik, L.
A1 - Collins-Hughes, E.
A1 - Cui, W.
A1 - Duke, C.
A1 - Dumm, J.
A1 - Falcone, A.
A1 - Federici, Simone
A1 - Feng, Q.
A1 - Finley, J. P.
A1 - Fortson, L.
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A1 - Gillanders, G. H.
A1 - Griffin, S.
A1 - Griffiths, S. T.
A1 - Grube, J.
A1 - Gyuk, G.
A1 - Hanna, D.
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A1 - Johnson, C. A.
A1 - Kaaret, P.
A1 - Kertzman, M.
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A1 - Krawczynski, H.
A1 - Lang, M. J.
A1 - Madhavan, A. S.
A1 - Maier, G.
A1 - Majumdar, P.
A1 - Meagher, K.
A1 - Moriarty, P.
A1 - Mukherjee, R.
A1 - Nieto, D.
A1 - Ong, R. A.
A1 - Otte, A. N.
A1 - Pichel, A.
A1 - Pohl, Manula
A1 - Popkow, A.
A1 - Prokoph, H.
A1 - Quinn, J.
A1 - Rajotte, J.
A1 - Ratliff, G.
A1 - Reyes, L. C.
A1 - Reynolds, P. T.
A1 - Richards, G. T.
A1 - Roache, E.
A1 - Sembroski, G. H.
A1 - Shahinyan, K.
A1 - Sheidaei, F.
A1 - Smith, A. W.
A1 - Staszak, D.
A1 - Telezhinsky, Igor O.
A1 - Theiling, M.
A1 - Tyler, J.
A1 - Varlotta, A.
A1 - Vincent, S.
A1 - Wakely, S. P.
A1 - Weekes, T. C.
A1 - Welsing, R.
A1 - Williams, D. A.
A1 - Zajczyk, A.
A1 - Zitzer, B.
A1 - Villata, M.
A1 - Raiteri, C. M.
A1 - Ajello, M.
A1 - Perri, M.
A1 - Aller, H. D.
A1 - Aller, M. F.
A1 - Larionov, V. M.
A1 - Efimova, N. V.
A1 - Konstantinova, T. S.
A1 - Kopatskaya, E. N.
A1 - Chen, W. P.
A1 - Koptelova, E.
A1 - Hsiao, H. Y.
A1 - Kurtanidze, O. M.
A1 - Nikolashvili, M. G.
A1 - Kimeridze, G. N.
A1 - Jordan, B.
A1 - Leto, Paolo
A1 - Buemi, C. S.
A1 - Trigilio, C.
A1 - Umana, G.
A1 - Lahteenmaki, A.
A1 - Nieppola, E.
A1 - Tornikoski, M.
A1 - Sainio, J.
A1 - Kadenius, V.
A1 - Giroletti, M.
A1 - Cesarini, A.
A1 - Fuhrmann, L.
A1 - Kovalev, Yu. A.
A1 - Kovalev, Y. Y.
T1 - Multiwavelength observations of Mrk 501 in 2008
JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2 - Context. Blazars are variable sources on various timescales over a broad energy range spanning from radio to very high energy (>100 GeV, hereafter VHE). Mrk 501 is one of the brightest blazars at TeV energies and has been extensively studied since its first VHE detection in 1996. However, most of the gamma-ray studies performed on Mrk 501 during the past years relate to flaring activity, when the source detection and characterization with the available gamma-ray instrumentation was easier to perform.
Aims. Our goal is to characterize the source gamma-ray emission in detail, together with the radio-to-X-ray emission, during the non-flaring (low) activity, which is less often studied than the occasional flaring (high) activity.
Methods. We organized a multiwavelength (MW) campaign on Mrk 501 between March and May 2008. This multi-instrument effort included the most sensitive VHE gamma-ray instruments in the northern hemisphere, namely the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes MAGIC and VERITAS, as well as Swift, RXTE, the F-GAMMA, GASP-WEBT, and other collaborations and instruments. This provided extensive energy and temporal coverage of Mrk 501 throughout the entire campaign.
Results. Mrk 501 was found to be in a low state of activity during the campaign, with a VHE flux in the range of 10%-20% of the Crab nebula flux. Nevertheless, significant flux variations were detected with various instruments, with a trend of increasing variability with energy and a tentative correlation between the X-ray and VHE fluxes. The broadband spectral energy distribution during the two different emission states of the campaign can be adequately described within the homogeneous one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model, with the (slightly) higher state described by an increase in the electron number density.
Conclusions. The one-zone SSC model can adequately describe the broadband spectral energy distribution of the source during the two months covered by the MW campaign. This agrees with previous studies of the broadband emission of this source during flaring and non-flaring states. We report for the first time a tentative X-ray-to-VHE correlation during such a low VHE activity. Although marginally significant, this positive correlation between X-ray and VHE, which has been reported many times during flaring activity, suggests that the mechanisms that dominate the X-ray/VHE emission during non-flaring-activity are not substantially different from those that are responsible for the emission during flaring activity.
KW - astroparticle physics
KW - BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 501
KW - gamma rays: general
Y1 - 2015
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322906
SN - 0004-6361
SN - 1432-0746
VL - 573
PB - EDP Sciences
CY - Les Ulis
ER -
TY - JOUR
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A1 - Adam, R.
A1 - Aharonian, Felix A.
A1 - Benkhali, F. Ait
A1 - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
A1 - Arcaro, C.
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A1 - Armstrong, T.
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A1 - Bordas, Pol
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A1 - White, R.
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A1 - Wong, Yu Wun
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A1 - Zech, Alraune
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T1 - An extreme particle accelerator in the Galactic plane
BT - HESS J1826-130
JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2 - The unidentified very-high-energy (VHE; E > 0.1 TeV) gamma -ray source, HESS J1826-130, was discovered with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) in the Galactic plane. The analysis of 215 h of HESS data has revealed a steady gamma -ray flux from HESS J1826-130, which appears extended with a half-width of 0.21 degrees +/- 0.02
(stat)degrees
stat degrees +/- 0.05
(sys)degrees sys degrees . The source spectrum is best fit with either a power-law function with a spectral index Gamma = 1.78 +/- 0.10(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and an exponential cut-off at 15.2
(+5.5)(-3.2) -3.2+5.5 TeV, or a broken power-law with Gamma (1) = 1.96 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys), Gamma (2) = 3.59 +/- 0.69(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) for energies below and above E-br = 11.2 +/- 2.7 TeV, respectively. The VHE flux from HESS J1826-130 is contaminated by the extended emission of the bright, nearby pulsar wind nebula, HESS J1825-137, particularly at the low end of the energy spectrum. Leptonic scenarios for the origin of HESS J1826-130 VHE emission related to PSR J1826-1256 are confronted by our spectral and morphological analysis. In a hadronic framework, taking into account the properties of dense gas regions surrounding HESS J1826-130, the source spectrum would imply an astrophysical object capable of accelerating the parent particle population up to greater than or similar to 200 TeV. Our results are also discussed in a multiwavelength context, accounting for both the presence of nearby supernova remnants, molecular clouds, and counterparts detected in radio, X-rays, and TeV energies.
KW - ISM: supernova remnants
KW - ISM: clouds
KW - gamma rays: general
KW - gamma rays:
KW - ISM
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038851
SN - 0004-6361
SN - 1432-0746
VL - 644
PB - EDP Sciences
CY - Les Ulis
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ahnen, M. L.
A1 - Ansoldi, S.
A1 - Antonelli, L. A.
A1 - Antoranz, P.
A1 - Babic, A.
A1 - Banerjee, B.
A1 - Bangale, P.
A1 - de Almeida, U. Barres
A1 - Barrio, J. A.
A1 - Gonzalez, J. Becerra
A1 - Bednarek, W.
A1 - Bernardini, E.
A1 - Berti, A.
A1 - Biasuzzi, B.
A1 - Biland, A.
A1 - Blanch, O.
A1 - Bonnefoy, S.
A1 - Bonnoli, G.
A1 - Borracci, F.
A1 - Bretz, T.
A1 - Buson, S.
A1 - Carosi, A.
A1 - Chatterjee, A.
A1 - Clavero, R.
A1 - Colin, P.
A1 - Colombo, E.
A1 - Contreras, J. L.
A1 - Cortina, J.
A1 - Covino, S.
A1 - Da Vela, P.
A1 - Dazzi, F.
A1 - De Angelis, A.
A1 - De Lotto, B.
A1 - Wilhelmi, E. de Ona
A1 - Di Pierro, F.
A1 - Doert, M.
A1 - Dominguez, A.
A1 - Prester, D. Dominis
A1 - Dorner, D.
A1 - Doro, M.
A1 - Einecke, S.
A1 - Glawion, D. Eisenacher
A1 - Elsaesser, D.
A1 - Engelkemeier, M.
A1 - Ramazani, V. Fallah
A1 - Fernandez-Barral, A.
A1 - Fidalgo, D.
A1 - Fonseca, M. V.
A1 - Font, L.
A1 - Frantzen, K.
A1 - Fruck, C.
A1 - Galindo, D.
A1 - Lopez, R. J. Garcia
A1 - Garczarczyk, M.
A1 - Terrats, D. Garrido
A1 - Gaug, M.
A1 - Giammaria, P.
A1 - Godinovic, N.
A1 - Gonzalez Munoz, A.
A1 - Gora, D.
A1 - Guberman, D.
A1 - Hadasch, D.
A1 - Hahn, A.
A1 - Hanabata, Y.
A1 - Hayashida, M.
A1 - Herrera, J.
A1 - Hose, J.
A1 - Hrupec, D.
A1 - Hughes, G.
A1 - Idec, W.
A1 - Kodani, K.
A1 - Konno, Y.
A1 - Kubo, H.
A1 - Kushida, J.
A1 - La Barbera, A.
A1 - Lelas, D.
A1 - Lindfors, E.
A1 - Lombardi, S.
A1 - Longo, F.
A1 - Lopez, M.
A1 - Lopez-Coto, R.
A1 - Majumdar, P.
A1 - Makariev, M.
A1 - Mallot, K.
A1 - Maneva, G.
A1 - Manganaro, M.
A1 - Mannheim, K.
A1 - Maraschi, L.
A1 - Marcote, B.
A1 - Mariotti, M.
A1 - Martinez, M.
A1 - Mazin, D.
A1 - Menzel, U.
A1 - Miranda, J. M.
A1 - Mirzoyan, R.
A1 - Moralejo, A.
A1 - Moretti, E.
A1 - Nakajima, D.
A1 - Neustroev, V.
A1 - Niedzwiecki, A.
A1 - Rosillo, M. Nievas
A1 - Nilsson, K.
A1 - Nishijima, K.
A1 - Noda, K.
A1 - Nogues, L.
A1 - Overkemping, A.
A1 - Paiano, S.
A1 - Palacio, J.
A1 - Palatiello, M.
A1 - Paneque, D.
A1 - Paoletti, R.
A1 - Paredes, J. M.
A1 - Paredes-Fortuny, X.
A1 - Pedaletti, G.
A1 - Peresano, M.
A1 - Perri, L.
A1 - Persic, M.
A1 - Poutanen, J.
A1 - Moroni, P. G. Prada
A1 - Prandini, E.
A1 - Puljak, I.
A1 - Reichardt, I.
A1 - Rhode, W.
A1 - Ribo, M.
A1 - Rico, J.
A1 - Rodriguez Garcia, J.
A1 - Saito, T.
A1 - Satalecka, K.
A1 - Schroder, S.
A1 - Schultz, C.
A1 - Schweizer, T.
A1 - Shore, S. N.
A1 - Sillanpaa, A.
A1 - Sitarek, J.
A1 - Snidaric, I.
A1 - Sobczynska, D.
A1 - Stamerra, A.
A1 - Steinbring, T.
A1 - Strzys, M.
A1 - Suric, T.
A1 - Takalo, L.
A1 - Tavecchio, F.
A1 - Temnikov, P.
A1 - Terzic, T.
A1 - Tescaro, D.
A1 - Teshima, M.
A1 - Thaele, J.
A1 - Torres, D. F.
A1 - Toyama, T.
A1 - Treves, A.
A1 - Vanzo, G.
A1 - Verguilov, V.
A1 - Vovk, I.
A1 - Ward, J. E.
A1 - Will, M.
A1 - Wu, M. H.
A1 - Zanin, R.
A1 - Abeysekara, A. U.
A1 - Archambault, S.
A1 - Archer, A.
A1 - Benbow, W.
A1 - Bird, R.
A1 - Buchovecky, M.
A1 - Buckley, J. H.
A1 - Bugaev, V.
A1 - Connolly, M. P.
A1 - Cui, W.
A1 - Dickinson, H. J.
A1 - Falcone, A.
A1 - Feng, Q.
A1 - Finley, J. P.
A1 - Fleischhack, H.
A1 - Flinders, A.
A1 - Fortson, L.
A1 - Gillanders, G. H.
A1 - Griffin, S.
A1 - Grube, J.
A1 - Huetten, M.
A1 - Hanna, D.
A1 - Holder, J.
A1 - Humensky, T. B.
A1 - Kaaret, P.
A1 - Kar, P.
A1 - Kelley-Hoskins, N.
A1 - Kertzman, M.
A1 - Kieda, D.
A1 - Krause, M.
A1 - Krennrich, F.
A1 - Lang, M. J.
A1 - Maier, G.
A1 - McCann, A.
A1 - Moriarty, P.
A1 - Mukherjee, R.
A1 - Nieto, D.
A1 - Ong, R. A.
A1 - Otte, N.
A1 - Park, N.
A1 - Perkins, J.
A1 - Pichel, A.
A1 - Pohl, M.
A1 - Popkow, A.
A1 - Pueschel, Elisa
A1 - Quinn, J.
A1 - Ragan, K.
A1 - Reynolds, P. T.
A1 - Richards, G. T.
A1 - Roache, E.
A1 - Rovero, A. C.
A1 - Rulten, C.
A1 - Sadeh, I.
A1 - Santander, M.
A1 - Sembroski, G. H.
A1 - Shahinyan, K.
A1 - Telezhinsky, Igor O.
A1 - Tucci, J. V.
A1 - Tyler, J.
A1 - Wakely, S. P.
A1 - Weinstein, A.
A1 - Wilcox, P.
A1 - Wilhelm, Alina
A1 - Williams, D. A.
A1 - Zitzer, B.
A1 - Razzaque, S.
A1 - Villata, M.
A1 - Raiteri, C. M.
A1 - Aller, H. D.
A1 - Aller, M. F.
A1 - Larionov, V. M.
A1 - Arkharov, A. A.
A1 - Blinov, D. A.
A1 - Efimova, N. V.
A1 - Grishina, T. S.
A1 - Hagen-Thorn, V. A.
A1 - Kopatskaya, E. N.
A1 - Larionova, L. V.
A1 - Larionova, E. G.
A1 - Morozova, D. A.
A1 - Troitsky, I. S.
A1 - Ligustri, R.
A1 - Calcidese, P.
A1 - Berdyugin, A.
A1 - Kurtanidze, O. M.
A1 - Nikolashvili, M. G.
A1 - Kimeridze, G. N.
A1 - Sigua, L. A.
A1 - Kurtanidze, S. O.
A1 - Chigladze, R. A.
A1 - Chen, W. P.
A1 - Koptelova, E.
A1 - Sakamoto, T.
A1 - Sadun, A. C.
A1 - Moody, J. W.
A1 - Pace, C.
A1 - Pearson, R.
A1 - Yatsu, Y.
A1 - Mori, Y.
A1 - Carraminyana, A.
A1 - Carrasco, L.
A1 - de la Fuente, E.
A1 - Norris, J. P.
A1 - Smith, P. S.
A1 - Wehrle, A.
A1 - Gurwell, M. A.
A1 - Zook, A.
A1 - Pagani, C.
A1 - Perri, M.
A1 - Capalbi, M.
A1 - Cesarini, A.
A1 - Krimm, H. A.
A1 - Kovalev, Y. Y.
A1 - Kovalev, Yu. A.
A1 - Ros, E.
A1 - Pushkarev, A. B.
A1 - Lister, M. L.
A1 - Sokolovsky, K. V.
A1 - Kadler, M.
A1 - Piner, G.
A1 - Lahteenmaki, A.
A1 - Tornikoski, M.
A1 - Angelakis, E.
A1 - Krichbaum, T. P.
A1 - Nestoras, I.
A1 - Fuhrmann, L.
A1 - Zensus, J. A.
A1 - Cassaro, P.
A1 - Orlati, A.
A1 - Maccaferri, G.
A1 - Leto, P.
A1 - Giroletti, M.
A1 - Richards, J. L.
A1 - Max-Moerbeck, W.
A1 - Readhead, A. C. S.
T1 - Multiband variability studies and novel broadband SED modeling of Mrk 501 in 2009
JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2 - Aims. We present an extensive study of the BL Lac object Mrk 501 based on a data set collected during the multi-instrument campaign spanning from 2009 March 15 to 2009 August 1, which includes, among other instruments, MAGIC, VERITAS, Whipple 10 m, and Fermi-LAT to cover the gamma-ray range from 0.1 GeV to 20 TeV; RXTE and Swift to cover wavelengths from UV to hard X-rays; and GASP-WEBT, which provides coverage of radio and optical wavelengths. Optical polarization measurements were provided for a fraction of the campaign by the Steward and St. Petersburg observatories. We evaluate the variability of the source and interband correlations, the gamma-ray flaring activity occurring in May 2009, and interpret the results within two synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) scenarios. Methods. The multiband variability observed during the full campaign is addressed in terms of the fractional variability, and the possible correlations are studied by calculating the discrete correlation function for each pair of energy bands where the significance was evaluated with dedicated Monte Carlo simulations. The space of SSC model parameters is probed following a dedicated grid-scan strategy, allowing for a wide range of models to be tested and offering a study of the degeneracy of model-to-data agreement in the individual model parameters, hence providing a less biased interpretation than the "single-curve SSC model adjustment" typically reported in the literature. Results. We find an increase in the fractional variability with energy, while no significant interband correlations of flux changes are found on the basis of the acquired data set. The SSC model grid-scan shows that the flaring activity around May 22 cannot be modeled adequately with a one-zone SSC scenario (using an electron energy distribution with two breaks), while it can be suitably described within a two (independent) zone SSC scenario. Here, one zone is responsible for the quiescent emission from the averaged 4.5-month observing period, while the other one, which is spatially separated from the first, dominates the flaring emission occurring at X-rays and very-high-energy (> 100 GeV, VHE) gamma-rays. The flaring activity from May 1, which coincides with a rotation of the electric vector polarization angle (EVPA), cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by either a one-zone or a two-independent-zone SSC model, yet this is partially affected by the lack of strictly simultaneous observations and the presence of large flux changes on sub-hour timescales (detected at VHE gamma rays). Conclusions. The higher variability in the VHE emission and lack of correlation with the X-ray emission indicate that, at least during the 4.5-month observing campaign in 2009, the highest energy (and most variable) electrons that are responsible for the VHE gamma rays do not make a dominant contribution to the similar to 1 keV emission. Alternatively, there could be a very variable component contributing to the VHE gamma-ray emission in addition to that coming from the SSC scenario. The studies with our dedicated SSC grid-scan show that there is some degeneracy in both the one-zone and the two-zone SSC scenarios probed, with several combinations of model parameters yielding a similar model-to-data agreement, and some parameters better constrained than others. The observed gamma-ray flaring activity, with the EVPA rotation coincident with the first gamma-ray flare, resembles those reported previously for low frequency peaked blazars, hence suggesting that there are many similarities in the flaring mechanisms of blazars with different jet properties.
KW - BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 501
KW - methods: data analysis
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629540
SN - 1432-0746
VL - 603
PB - EDP Sciences
CY - Les Ulis
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ahnen, M. L.
A1 - Ansoldi, S.
A1 - Antonelli, L. A.
A1 - Arcaro, C.
A1 - Babic, A.
A1 - Banerjee, B.
A1 - Bangale, P.
A1 - Barres de Almeida, U.
A1 - Barrio, J. A.
A1 - Gonzalez, J. Becerra
A1 - Bednarek, W.
A1 - Bernardini, E.
A1 - Berti, A.
A1 - Bhattacharyya, W.
A1 - Blanch, O.
A1 - Bonnoli, G.
A1 - Carosi, R.
A1 - Carosi, A.
A1 - Chatterjee, A.
A1 - Colak, S. M.
A1 - Colin, P.
A1 - Colombo, E.
A1 - Contreras, J. L.
A1 - Cortina, J.
A1 - Covino, S.
A1 - Cumani, P.
A1 - Da Vela, P.
A1 - Dazzi, F.
A1 - De Angelis, A.
A1 - De Lotto, B.
A1 - Delfino, M.
A1 - Delgado, Jose Miguel Martins
A1 - Di Pierro, F.
A1 - Doert, M.
A1 - Dominguez, A.
A1 - Prester, D. Dominis
A1 - Doro, M.
A1 - Glawion, D. Eisenacher
A1 - Engelkemeier, M.
A1 - Ramazani, V. Fallah
A1 - Fernandez-Barral, A.
A1 - Fidalgo, D.
A1 - Fonseca, M. V.
A1 - Font, L.
A1 - Fruck, C.
A1 - Galindo, D.
A1 - Lopez, R. J. Garcia
A1 - Garczarczyk, M.
A1 - Gaug, M.
A1 - Giammaria, P.
A1 - Godinovic, N.
A1 - Gora, D.
A1 - Guberman, D.
A1 - Hadasch, D.
A1 - Hahn, A.
A1 - Hassan, T.
A1 - Hayashida, M.
A1 - Herrera, J.
A1 - Hose, J.
A1 - Hrupec, D.
A1 - Ishio, K.
A1 - Konno, Y.
A1 - Kubo, H.
A1 - Kushida, J.
A1 - Kuvezdic, D.
A1 - Lelas, D.
A1 - Lindfors, E.
A1 - Lombardi, S.
A1 - Longo, F.
A1 - Lopez, M.
A1 - Maggio, C.
A1 - Majumdar, P.
A1 - Makariev, M.
A1 - Maneva, G.
A1 - Manganaro, M.
A1 - Maraschi, L.
A1 - Mariotti, M.
A1 - Martinez, M.
A1 - Mazin, D.
A1 - Menzel, U.
A1 - Minev, M.
A1 - Miranda, J. M.
A1 - Mirzoyan, R.
A1 - Moralejo, A.
A1 - Moreno, V.
A1 - Moretti, E.
A1 - Nagayoshi, T.
A1 - Neustroev, V.
A1 - Niedzwiecki, A.
A1 - Nievas Rosillo, M.
A1 - Nigro, C.
A1 - Nilsson, K.
A1 - Ninci, D.
A1 - Nishijima, K.
A1 - Noda, K.
A1 - Nogues, L.
A1 - Paiano, S.
A1 - Palacio, J.
A1 - Paneque, D.
A1 - Paoletti, R.
A1 - Paredes, J. M.
A1 - Pedaletti, G.
A1 - Peresano, M.
A1 - Perri, L.
A1 - Persic, M.
A1 - Moroni, P. G. Prada
A1 - Prandini, E.
A1 - Puljak, I.
A1 - Garcia, J. R.
A1 - Reichardt, I.
A1 - Ribo, M.
A1 - Rico, J.
A1 - Righi, C.
A1 - Rugliancich, A.
A1 - Saito, T.
A1 - Satalecka, K.
A1 - Schroeder, S.
A1 - Schweizer, T.
A1 - Shore, S. N.
A1 - Sitarek, J.
A1 - Snidaric, I.
A1 - Sobczynska, D.
A1 - Stamerra, A.
A1 - Strzys, M.
A1 - Suric, T.
A1 - Takalo, L.
A1 - Tavecchio, F.
A1 - Temnikov, P.
A1 - Terzic, T.
A1 - Teshima, M.
A1 - Torres-Alba, N.
A1 - Treves, A.
A1 - Tsujimoto, S.
A1 - Vanzo, G.
A1 - Vazquez Acosta, M.
A1 - Vovk, I.
A1 - Ward, J. E.
A1 - Will, M.
A1 - Zaric, D.
A1 - Arbet-Engels, A.
A1 - Baack, D.
A1 - Balbo, M.
A1 - Biland, A.
A1 - Blank, M.
A1 - Bretz, T.
A1 - Bruegge, K.
A1 - Bulinski, M.
A1 - Buss, J.
A1 - Dmytriiev, A.
A1 - Dorner, D.
A1 - Einecke, S.
A1 - Elsaesser, D.
A1 - Herbst, T.
A1 - Hildebrand, D.
A1 - Kortmann, L.
A1 - Linhoff, L.
A1 - Mahlke, M.
A1 - Mannheim, K.
A1 - Mueller, S. A.
A1 - Neise, D.
A1 - Neronov, A.
A1 - Noethe, M.
A1 - Oberkirch, J.
A1 - Paravac, A.
A1 - Rhode, W.
A1 - Schleicher, B.
A1 - Schulz, F.
A1 - Sedlaczek, K.
A1 - Shukla, A.
A1 - Sliusar, V.
A1 - Walter, R.
A1 - Archer, A.
A1 - Benbow, W.
A1 - Bird, R.
A1 - Brose, Robert
A1 - Buckley, J. H.
A1 - Bugaev, V.
A1 - Christiansen, J. L.
A1 - Cui, W.
A1 - Daniel, M. K.
A1 - Falcone, A.
A1 - Feng, Q.
A1 - Finley, J. P.
A1 - Gillanders, G. H.
A1 - Gueta, O.
A1 - Hanna, D.
A1 - Hervet, O.
A1 - Holder, J.
A1 - Hughes, G.
A1 - Huetten, M.
A1 - Humensky, T. B.
A1 - Johnson, C. A.
A1 - Kaaret, P.
A1 - Kar, P.
A1 - Kelley-Hoskins, N.
A1 - Kertzman, M.
A1 - Kieda, D.
A1 - Krause, M.
A1 - Krennrich, F.
A1 - Kumar, S.
A1 - Lang, M. J.
A1 - Lin, T. T. Y.
A1 - Maier, G.
A1 - McArthur, S.
A1 - Moriarty, P.
A1 - Mukherjee, R.
A1 - Ong, R. A.
A1 - Otte, A. N.
A1 - Park, N.
A1 - Petrashyk, A.
A1 - Pichel, A.
A1 - Pohl, Martin
A1 - Quinn, J.
A1 - Ragan, K.
A1 - Reynolds, P. T.
A1 - Richards, G. T.
A1 - Roache, E.
A1 - Rovero, A. C.
A1 - Rulten, C.
A1 - Sadeh, I.
A1 - Santander, M.
A1 - Sembroski, G. H.
A1 - Shahinyan, K.
A1 - Sushch, Iurii
A1 - Tyler, J.
A1 - Wakely, S. P.
A1 - Weinstein, A.
A1 - Wells, R. M.
A1 - Wilcox, P.
A1 - Wilhel, A.
A1 - Williams, D. A.
A1 - Williamson, T. J.
A1 - Zitzer, B.
A1 - Perri, M.
A1 - Verrecchia, F.
A1 - Leto, C.
A1 - Villata, M.
A1 - Raiteri, C. M.
A1 - Jorstad, S. G.
A1 - Larionov, V. M.
A1 - Blinov, D. A.
A1 - Grishina, T. S.
A1 - Kopatskaya, E. N.
A1 - Larionova, E. G.
A1 - Nikiforova, A. A.
A1 - Morozova, D. A.
A1 - Troitskaya, Yu. V.
A1 - Troitsky, I. S.
A1 - Kurtanidze, O. M.
A1 - Nikolashvili, M. G.
A1 - Kurtanidze, S. O.
A1 - Kimeridze, G. N.
A1 - Chigladze, R. A.
A1 - Strigachev, A.
A1 - Sadun, A. C.
T1 - Extreme HBL behavior of Markarian 501 during 2012
JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal / European Southern Observatory (ESO)
N2 - Aims. We aim to characterize the multiwavelength emission from Markarian 501 (Mrk 501), quantify the energy-dependent variability, study the potential multiband correlations, and describe the temporal evolution of the broadband emission within leptonic theoretical scenarios. Methods. We organized a multiwavelength campaign to take place between March and July of 2012. Excellent temporal coverage was obtained with more than 25 instruments, including the MAGIC, FACT and VERITAS Cherenkov telescopes, the instruments on board the Swift and Fermi spacecraft, and the telescopes operated by the GASP-WEBT collaboration. Results. Mrk 501 showed a very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray flux above 0.2 TeV of similar to 0.5 times the Crab Nebula flux (CU) for most of the campaign. The highest activity occurred on 2012 June 9, when the VHE flux was similar to 3 CU, and the peak of the high-energy spectral component was found to be at similar to 2 TeV. Both the X-ray and VHE gamma-ray spectral slopes were measured to be extremely hard, with spectral indices <2 during most of the observing campaign, regardless of the X-ray and VHE flux. This study reports the hardest Mrk 501 VHE spectra measured to date. The fractional variability was found to increase with energy, with the highest variability occurring at VHE. Using the complete data set, we found correlation between the X-ray and VHE bands; however, if the June 9 flare is excluded, the correlation disappears (significance <3 sigma) despite the existence of substantial variability in the X-ray and VHE bands throughout the campaign. Conclusions. The unprecedentedly hard X-ray and VHE spectra measured imply that their low- and high-energy components peaked above 5 keV and 0.5 TeV, respectively, during a large fraction of the observing campaign, and hence that Mrk 501 behaved like an extreme high-frequency-peaked blazar (EHBL) throughout the 2012 observing season. This suggests that being an EHBL may not be a permanent characteristic of a blazar, but rather a state which may change over time. The data set acquired shows that the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of Mrk 501, and its transient evolution, is very complex, requiring, within the framework of synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) models, various emission regions for a satisfactory description. Nevertheless the one-zone SSC scenario can successfully describe the segments of the SED where most energy is emitted, with a significant correlation between the electron energy density and the VHE gamma-ray activity, suggesting that most of the variability may be explained by the injection of high-energy electrons. The one-zone SSC scenario used reproduces the behavior seen between the measured X-ray and VHE gamma-ray fluxes, and predicts that the correlation becomes stronger with increasing energy of the X-rays.
KW - astroparticle physics
KW - acceleration of particles
KW - radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
KW - BL Lacertae objects: general
KW - BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk501
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833704
SN - 1432-0746
VL - 620
PB - EDP Sciences
CY - Les Ulis
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Yu, Mingfeng
A1 - Ast, Sandra
A1 - Yu, Qun
A1 - Lo, Anthony T. S.
A1 - Flehr, Roman
A1 - Todd, Matthew H.
A1 - Rutledge, Peter J.
T1 - Incorporating a piperidinyl group in the fluorophore extends the fluorescence lifetime of click-derived cyclam-naphthalimide conjugates
JF - PLoS one
N2 - Ligands incorporating a tetraazamacrocycle receptor, a 'click'-derived triazole and a 1,8-naphthalimide fluorophore have proven utility as probes for metal ions. Three new cyclam-based molecular probes are reported, in which a piperidinyl group has been introduced at the 4-position of the naphthalimide fluorophore. These compounds have been synthesized using the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition and their photophysical properties studied in detail. The alkylamino group induces the expected red-shift in absorption and emission spectra relative to the simple naphthalimide derivatives and gives rise to extended fluorescence lifetimes in aqueous buffer. The photophysical properties of these systems are shown to be highly solvent-dependent. Screening the fluorescence responses of the new conjugates to a wide variety of metal ions reveals significant and selective fluorescence quenching in the presence of copper(II), yet no fluorescence enhancement with zinc(II) as observed previously for the simple naphthalimide derivatives. Reasons for this different behaviour are proposed. Cytotoxicity testing shows that these new cyclam-triazole-dye conjugates display little or no toxicity against either DLD-1 colon carcinoma cells or MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells, suggesting a potential role for these and related systems in biological sensing applications.
Y1 - 2014
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100761
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 9
IS - 7
PB - PLoS
CY - San Fransisco
ER -
TY - RPRT
A1 - Brodeur, Abel
A1 - Mikola, Derek
A1 - Cook, Nikolai
A1 - Brailey, Thomas
A1 - Briggs, Ryan
A1 - Gendre, Alexandra de
A1 - Dupraz, Yannick
A1 - Fiala, Lenka
A1 - Gabani, Jacopo
A1 - Gauriot, Romain
A1 - Haddad, Joanne
A1 - Lima, Goncalo
A1 - Ankel-Peters, Jörg
A1 - Dreber, Anna
A1 - Campbell, Douglas
A1 - Kattan, Lamis
A1 - Fages, Diego Marino
A1 - Mierisch, Fabian
A1 - Sun, Pu
A1 - Wright, Taylor
A1 - Connolly, Marie
A1 - Hoces de la Guardia, Fernando
A1 - Johannesson, Magnus
A1 - Miguel, Edward
A1 - Vilhuber, Lars
A1 - Abarca, Alejandro
A1 - Acharya, Mahesh
A1 - Adjisse, Sossou Simplice
A1 - Akhtar, Ahwaz
A1 - Lizardi, Eduardo Alberto Ramirez
A1 - Albrecht, Sabina
A1 - Andersen, Synve Nygaard
A1 - Andlib, Zubaria
A1 - Arrora, Falak
A1 - Ash, Thomas
A1 - Bacher, Etienne
A1 - Bachler, Sebastian
A1 - Bacon, Félix
A1 - Bagues, Manuel
A1 - Balogh, Timea
A1 - Batmanov, Alisher
A1 - Barschkett, Mara
A1 - Basdil, B. Kaan
A1 - Dower, Jaromneda
A1 - Castek, Ondrej
A1 - Caviglia-Harris, Jill
A1 - Strand, Gabriella Chauca
A1 - Chen, Shi
A1 - Chzhen, Asya
A1 - Chung, Jong
A1 - Collins, Jason
A1 - Coppock, Alexander
A1 - Cordeau, Hugo
A1 - Couillard, Ben
A1 - Crechet, Jonathan
A1 - Crippa, Lorenzo
A1 - Cui, Jeanne
A1 - Czymara, Christian
A1 - Daarstad, Haley
A1 - Dao, Danh Chi
A1 - Dao, Dong
A1 - Schmandt, Marco David
A1 - Linde, Astrid de
A1 - Melo, Lucas De
A1 - Deer, Lachlan
A1 - Vera, Micole De
A1 - Dimitrova, Velichka
A1 - Dollbaum, Jan Fabian
A1 - Dollbaum, Jan Matti
A1 - Donnelly, Michael
A1 - Huynh, Luu Duc Toan
A1 - Dumbalska, Tsvetomira
A1 - Duncan, Jamie
A1 - Duong, Kiet Tuan
A1 - Duprey, Thibaut
A1 - Dworschak, Christoph
A1 - Ellingsrud, Sigmund
A1 - Elminejad, Ali
A1 - Eissa, Yasmine
A1 - Erhart, Andrea
A1 - Etingin-Frati, Giulian
A1 - Fatemi-Pour, Elaheh
A1 - Federice, Alexa
A1 - Feld, Jan
A1 - Fenig, Guidon
A1 - Firouzjaeiangalougah, Mojtaba
A1 - Fleisje, Erlend
A1 - Fortier-Chouinard, Alexandre
A1 - Engel, Julia Francesca
A1 - Fries, Tilman
A1 - Fortier, Reid
A1 - Fréchet, Nadjim
A1 - Galipeau, Thomas
A1 - Gallegos, Sebastián
A1 - Gangji, Areez
A1 - Gao, Xiaoying
A1 - Garnache, Cloé
A1 - Gáspár, Attila
A1 - Gavrilova, Evelina
A1 - Ghosh, Arijit
A1 - Gibney, Garreth
A1 - Gibson, Grant
A1 - Godager, Geir
A1 - Goff, Leonard
A1 - Gong, Da
A1 - González, Javier
A1 - Gretton, Jeremy
A1 - Griffa, Cristina
A1 - Grigoryeva, Idaliya
A1 - Grtting, Maja
A1 - Guntermann, Eric
A1 - Guo, Jiaqi
A1 - Gugushvili, Alexi
A1 - Habibnia, Hooman
A1 - Häffner, Sonja
A1 - Hall, Jonathan D.
A1 - Hammar, Olle
A1 - Kordt, Amund Hanson
A1 - Hashimoto, Barry
A1 - Hartley, Jonathan S.
A1 - Hausladen, Carina I.
A1 - Havránek, Tomáš
A1 - Hazen, Jacob
A1 - He, Harry
A1 - Hepplewhite, Matthew
A1 - Herrera-Rodriguez, Mario
A1 - Heuer, Felix
A1 - Heyes, Anthony
A1 - Ho, Anson T. Y.
A1 - Holmes, Jonathan
A1 - Holzknecht, Armando
A1 - Hsu, Yu-Hsiang Dexter
A1 - Hu, Shiang-Hung
A1 - Huang, Yu-Shiuan
A1 - Huebener, Mathias
A1 - Huber, Christoph
A1 - Huynh, Kim P.
A1 - Irsova, Zuzana
A1 - Isler, Ozan
A1 - Jakobsson, Niklas
A1 - Frith, Michael James
A1 - Jananji, Raphaël
A1 - Jayalath, Tharaka A.
A1 - Jetter, Michael
A1 - John, Jenny
A1 - Forshaw, Rachel Joy
A1 - Juan, Felipe
A1 - Kadriu, Valon
A1 - Karim, Sunny
A1 - Kelly, Edmund
A1 - Dang, Duy Khanh Hoang
A1 - Khushboo, Tazia
A1 - Kim, Jin
A1 - Kjellsson, Gustav
A1 - Kjelsrud, Anders
A1 - Kotsadam, Andreas
A1 - Korpershoek, Jori
A1 - Krashinsky, Lewis
A1 - Kundu, Suranjana
A1 - Kustov, Alexander
A1 - Lalayev, Nurlan
A1 - Langlois, Audrée
A1 - Laufer, Jill
A1 - Lee-Whiting, Blake
A1 - Leibing, Andreas
A1 - Lenz, Gabriel
A1 - Levin, Joel
A1 - Li, Peng
A1 - Li, Tongzhe
A1 - Lin, Yuchen
A1 - Listo, Ariel
A1 - Liu, Dan
A1 - Lu, Xuewen
A1 - Lukmanova, Elvina
A1 - Luscombe, Alex
A1 - Lusher, Lester R.
A1 - Lyu, Ke
A1 - Ma, Hai
A1 - Mäder, Nicolas
A1 - Makate, Clifton
A1 - Malmberg, Alice
A1 - Maitra, Adit
A1 - Mandas, Marco
A1 - Marcus, Jan
A1 - Margaryan, Shushanik
A1 - Márk, Lili
A1 - Martignano, Andres
A1 - Marsh, Abigail
A1 - Masetto, Isabella
A1 - McCanny, Anthony
A1 - McManus, Emma
A1 - McWay, Ryan
A1 - Metson, Lennard
A1 - Kinge, Jonas Minet
A1 - Mishra, Sumit
A1 - Mohnen, Myra
A1 - Möller, Jakob
A1 - Montambeault, Rosalie
A1 - Montpetit, Sébastien
A1 - Morin, Louis-Philippe
A1 - Morris, Todd
A1 - Moser, Scott
A1 - Motoki, Fabio
A1 - Muehlenbachs, Lucija
A1 - Musulan, Andreea
A1 - Musumeci, Marco
A1 - Nabin, Munirul
A1 - Nchare, Karim
A1 - Neubauer, Florian
A1 - Nguyen, Quan M. P.
A1 - Nguyen, Tuan
A1 - Nguyen-Tien, Viet
A1 - Niazi, Ali
A1 - Nikolaishvili, Giorgi
A1 - Nordstrom, Ardyn
A1 - Nü, Patrick
A1 - Odermatt, Angela
A1 - Olson, Matt
A1 - ien, Henning
A1 - Ölkers, Tim
A1 - Vert, Miquel Oliver i.
A1 - Oral, Emre
A1 - Oswald, Christian
A1 - Ousman, Ali
A1 - Özak, Ömer
A1 - Pandey, Shubham
A1 - Pavlov, Alexandre
A1 - Pelli, Martino
A1 - Penheiro, Romeo
A1 - Park, RyuGyung
A1 - Martel, Eva Pérez
A1 - Petrovičová, Tereza
A1 - Phan, Linh
A1 - Prettyman, Alexa
A1 - Procházka, Jakub
A1 - Putri, Aqila
A1 - Quandt, Julian
A1 - Qiu, Kangyu
A1 - Nguyen, Loan Quynh Thi
A1 - Rahman, Andaleeb
A1 - Rea, Carson H.
A1 - Reiremo, Adam
A1 - Renée, Laëtitia
A1 - Richardson, Joseph
A1 - Rivers, Nicholas
A1 - Rodrigues, Bruno
A1 - Roelofs, William
A1 - Roemer, Tobias
A1 - Rogeberg, Ole
A1 - Rose, Julian
A1 - Roskos-Ewoldsen, Andrew
A1 - Rosmer, Paul
A1 - Sabada, Barbara
A1 - Saberian, Soodeh
A1 - Salamanca, Nicolas
A1 - Sator, Georg
A1 - Sawyer, Antoine
A1 - Scates, Daniel
A1 - Schlüter, Elmar
A1 - Sells, Cameron
A1 - Sen, Sharmi
A1 - Sethi, Ritika
A1 - Shcherbiak, Anna
A1 - Sogaolu, Moyosore
A1 - Soosalu, Matt
A1 - Srensen, Erik
A1 - Sovani, Manali
A1 - Spencer, Noah
A1 - Staubli, Stefan
A1 - Stans, Renske
A1 - Stewart, Anya
A1 - Stips, Felix
A1 - Stockley, Kieran
A1 - Strobel, Stephenson
A1 - Struby, Ethan
A1 - Tang, John
A1 - Tanrisever, Idil
A1 - Yang, Thomas Tao
A1 - Tastan, Ipek
A1 - Tatić, Dejan
A1 - Tatlow, Benjamin
A1 - Seuyong, Féraud Tchuisseu
A1 - Thériault, Rémi
A1 - Thivierge, Vincent
A1 - Tian, Wenjie
A1 - Toma, Filip-Mihai
A1 - Totarelli, Maddalena
A1 - Tran, Van-Anh
A1 - Truong, Hung
A1 - Tsoy, Nikita
A1 - Tuzcuoglu, Kerem
A1 - Ubfal, Diego
A1 - Villalobos, Laura
A1 - Walterskirchen, Julian
A1 - Wang, Joseph Taoyi
A1 - Wattal, Vasudha
A1 - Webb, Matthew D.
A1 - Weber, Bryan
A1 - Weisser, Reinhard
A1 - Weng, Wei-Chien
A1 - Westheide, Christian
A1 - White, Kimberly
A1 - Winter, Jacob
A1 - Wochner, Timo
A1 - Woerman, Matt
A1 - Wong, Jared
A1 - Woodard, Ritchie
A1 - Wroński, Marcin
A1 - Yazbeck, Myra
A1 - Yang, Gustav Chung
A1 - Yap, Luther
A1 - Yassin, Kareman
A1 - Ye, Hao
A1 - Yoon, Jin Young
A1 - Yurris, Chris
A1 - Zahra, Tahreen
A1 - Zaneva, Mirela
A1 - Zayat, Aline
A1 - Zhang, Jonathan
A1 - Zhao, Ziwei
A1 - Yaolang, Zhong
T1 - Mass reproducibility and replicability
BT - a new hope
T2 - I4R discussion paper series
N2 - This study pushes our understanding of research reliability by reproducing and replicating claims from 110 papers in leading economic and political science journals. The analysis involves computational reproducibility checks and robustness assessments. It reveals several patterns. First, we uncover a high rate of fully computationally reproducible results (over 85%). Second, excluding minor issues like missing packages or broken pathways, we uncover coding errors for about 25% of studies, with some studies containing multiple errors. Third, we test the robustness of the results to 5,511 re-analyses. We find a robustness reproducibility of about 70%. Robustness reproducibility rates are relatively higher for re-analyses that introduce new data and lower for re-analyses that change the sample or the definition of the dependent variable. Fourth, 52% of re-analysis effect size estimates are smaller than the original published estimates and the average statistical significance of a re-analysis is 77% of the original. Lastly, we rely on six teams of researchers working independently to answer eight additional research questions on the determinants of robustness reproducibility. Most teams find a negative relationship between replicators' experience and reproducibility, while finding no relationship between reproducibility and the provision of intermediate or even raw data combined with the necessary cleaning codes.
KW - conomics
KW - open science
KW - political science
KW - replication
KW - reproduction
KW - research transparency
Y1 - 2024
SN - 2752-1931
IS - 107
PB - Institute for Replication
CY - Essen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Grenzer, Jörg
A1 - Schomburg, E.
A1 - Lingott, I.
A1 - Ignotov, A. a.
A1 - Renk, K. F.
A1 - Pietsch, Ullrich
A1 - Rose, Dirk
A1 - Zeimer, Ute
A1 - Melzer, B. J.
A1 - Ivanov, S.
A1 - Schaposchnikov, S.
A1 - Kop'ev, P. S.
A1 - Pavel'ev, D. G.
A1 - Koschurinov, Yu.
T1 - X-ray and transport characterization of an Esaki-Tsu superlattice device
Y1 - 1998
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wartenberg, Maria
A1 - Budde, Paula
A1 - de Mareés, M.
A1 - Tsang, S. Y.
A1 - Huang, Y.
A1 - Chen, Zhen-Yu
A1 - Hescheler, Jürgen
A1 - Sauer, Heinrich
T1 - Inhibition of tumor-induced angiogenesis and matrix-metalloproteinase expression in confrontation cultures of ES cell-derived embryoid bodies and multicellular tumor spheroids by plant ingredients use
Y1 - 2003
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gorobtsov, O. Yu.
A1 - Mercurio, G.
A1 - Brenner, G.
A1 - Lorenz, Ulf
A1 - Gerasimova, N.
A1 - Kurta, R. P.
A1 - Hieke, F.
A1 - Skopintsev, P.
A1 - Zaluzhnyy, I.
A1 - Lazarev, S.
A1 - Dzhigaev, D.
A1 - Rose, M.
A1 - Singer, A.
A1 - Wurth, W.
A1 - Vartanyants, I. A.
T1 - Statistical properties of a free-electron laser revealed by Hanbury Brown-Twiss interferometry
JF - Physical review : A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
N2 - We present a comprehensive experimental analysis of statistical properties of the self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser (FEL) FLASH by means of Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometry. The experiments were performed at FEL wavelengths of 5.5, 13.4, and 20.8 nm. We determined the second-order intensity correlation function for all wavelengths and different operation conditions of FLASH. In all experiments a high degree of spatial coherence (above 50%) was obtained. Our analysis performed in spatial and spectral domains provided us with the independent measurements of an average pulse duration of the FEL that were below 60 fs. To explain the complicated behavior of the second-order intensity correlation function we developed an advanced theoretical model that includes the presence of multiple beams and external positional jitter of the FEL pulses. By this analysis we determined that in one of the experiments external positional jitter was about 25% of the beam size. We envision that methods developed in our study will be used widely for analysis and diagnostics of FEL radiation.
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.95.023843
SN - 2469-9926
SN - 2469-9934
VL - 95
IS - 2
PB - American Physical Society
CY - College Park
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Treat, Claire C.
A1 - Kleinen, Thomas
A1 - Broothaerts, Nils
A1 - Dalton, April S.
A1 - Dommain, Rene
A1 - Douglas, Thomas A.
A1 - Drexler, Judith Z.
A1 - Finkelstein, Sarah A.
A1 - Grosse, Guido
A1 - Hope, Geoffrey
A1 - Hutchings, Jack
A1 - Jones, Miriam C.
A1 - Kuhry, Peter
A1 - Lacourse, Terri
A1 - Lahteenoja, Outi
A1 - Loisel, Julie
A1 - Notebaert, Bastiaan
A1 - Payne, Richard J.
A1 - Peteet, Dorothy M.
A1 - Sannel, A. Britta K.
A1 - Stelling, Jonathan M.
A1 - Strauss, Jens
A1 - Swindles, Graeme T.
A1 - Talbot, Julie
A1 - Tarnocai, Charles
A1 - Verstraeten, Gert
A1 - Williams, Christopher J.
A1 - Xia, Zhengyu
A1 - Yu, Zicheng
A1 - Valiranta, Minna
A1 - Hattestrand, Martina
A1 - Alexanderson, Helena
A1 - Brovkin, Victor
T1 - Widespread global peatland establishment and persistence over the last 130,000 y
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
N2 - Glacial-interglacial variations in CO2 and methane in polar ice cores have been attributed, in part, to changes in global wetland extent, but the wetland distribution before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 ka to 18 ka) remains virtually unknown. We present a study of global peatland extent and carbon (C) stocks through the last glacial cycle (130 ka to present) using a newly compiled database of 1,063 detailed stratigraphic records of peat deposits buried by mineral sediments, as well as a global peatland model. Quantitative agreement between modeling and observations shows extensive peat accumulation before the LGM in northern latitudes (> 40 degrees N), particularly during warmer periods including the last interglacial (130 ka to 116 ka, MIS 5e) and the interstadial (57 ka to 29 ka, MIS 3). During cooling periods of glacial advance and permafrost formation, the burial of northern peatlands by glaciers and mineral sediments decreased active peatland extent, thickness, and modeled C stocks by 70 to 90% from warmer times. Tropical peatland extent and C stocks show little temporal variation throughout the study period. While the increased burial of northern peats was correlated with cooling periods, the burial of tropical peat was predominately driven by changes in sea level and regional hydrology. Peat burial by mineral sediments represents a mechanism for long-term terrestrial C storage in the Earth system. These results show that northern peatlands accumulate significant C stocks during warmer times, indicating their potential for C sequestration during the warming Anthropocene.
KW - peatlands
KW - carbon
KW - methane
KW - carbon burial
KW - Quaternary
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1813305116
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 116
IS - 11
SP - 4822
EP - 4827
PB - National Acad. of Sciences
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Yu, S.
A1 - Altenberger, Uwe
A1 - Sun, Y.
T1 - Petrology, geochemistry, and tectonic setting of the Shangdan Metamorphic Sandstone ; Shangdan Suture Zone, Qinling Mountains (Central)
Y1 - 1998
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Li, Mingjun
A1 - Gao, Lingyan
A1 - Schlaich, Christoph
A1 - Zhang, Jianguang
A1 - Donskyi, Ievgen S.
A1 - Yu, Guozhi
A1 - Li, Wenzhong
A1 - Tu, Zhaoxu
A1 - Rolff, Jens
A1 - Schwerdtle, Tanja
A1 - Haag, Rainer
A1 - Ma, Nan
T1 - Construction of Functional Coatings with Durable and Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Potential Based on Mussel-Inspired Dendritic Polyglycerol and in Situ-Formed Copper Nanoparticles
JF - ACS applied materials & interfaces
N2 - A novel surface coating with durable broad-spectrum antibacterial ability was prepared based on mussel inspired dendritic polyglycerol (MI-dPG) embedded with copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs). The functional surface coating is fabricated via a facile dip-coating process followed by in situ reduction of copper ions with a MI-dPG coating to introduce Cu NPs into the coating matrix. This coating has been demonstrated to possess efficient long-term antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and kanamycin-resistant E. coli through an "attract-kill-release" strategy. The synergistic antibacterial activity of the coating was shown by the combination of two functions of the contact killing, reactive oxygen species production and Cu ions released from the coating. Furthermore, this coating inhibited biofilm formation and showed good compatibility to eukaryotic cells. Thus, this newly developed Cu NP-incorporated MI-dPG surface coating may find potential application in the design of antimicrobial coating, such as implantable devices.
KW - Cu NP-incorporated MI-dPG coating
KW - universal coating
KW - in situ chemical reduction
KW - antibacterial effect
KW - drug-resistant bacteria
Y1 - 2017
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b10541
SN - 1944-8244
VL - 9
SP - 35411
EP - 35418
PB - American Chemical Society
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schoenauer, Roman
A1 - Larpin, Yu
A1 - Babiychuk, Eduard B.
A1 - Drucker, Patrick
A1 - Babiychuk, Viktoriia S.
A1 - Avota, Elita
A1 - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1 - Schumacher, Fabian
A1 - Kleuser, Burkhard
A1 - Koffel, Rene
A1 - Draeger, Annette
T1 - Down-regulation of acid sphingomyelinase and neutral sphingomyelinase-2 inversely determines the cellular resistance to plasmalemmal injury by pore-forming toxins
JF - The FASEB journal : the official journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
N2 - Bacterial pore-forming toxins compromise plasmalemmal integrity, leading to Ca2+ influx, leakage of the cytoplasm, and cell death. Such lesions can be repaired by microvesicular shedding or by the endocytic uptake of the injured membrane sites. Cells have at their disposal an entire toolbox of repair proteins for the identification and elimination of membrane lesions. Sphingomyelinases catalyze the breakdown of sphingomyelin into ceramide and phosphocholine. Sphingomyelin is predominantly localized in the outer leaflet, where it is hydrolyzed by acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) after lysosomal fusion with the plasma membrane. The magnesium-dependent neutral sphingomyelinase (NSM)-2 is found at the inner leaflet of the plasmalemma. Because either sphingomyelinase has been ascribed a role in the cellular stress response, we investigated their role in plasma membrane repair and cellular survival after treatment with the pore-forming toxins listeriolysin O (LLO) or pneumolysin (PLY). Jurkat T cells, in which ASM or NSM-2 was down-regulated [ASM knockdown (KD) or NSM-2 KD cells], showed inverse reactions to toxin-induced membrane damage: ASM KD cells displayed reduced toxin resistance, decreased viability, and defects in membrane repair. In contrast, the down-regulation of NSM-2 led to an increase in viability and enhanced plasmalemmal repair. Yet, in addition to the increased plasmalemmal repair, the enhanced toxin resistance of NSM-2 KD cells also appeared to be dependent on the activation of p38/MAPK, which was constitutively activated, whereas in ASM KD cells, the p38/MAPK activation was constitutively blunted.Schoenauer, R., Larpin, Y., Babiychuk, E. B., Drucker, P., Babiychuk, V. S., Avota, E., Schneider-Schaulies, S., Schumacher, F., Kleuser, B., Koffel, R., Draeger, A. Down-regulation of acid sphingomyelinase and neutral sphingomyelinase-2 inversely determines the cellular resistance to plasmalemmal injury by pore-forming toxins.
KW - membrane repair
KW - blebbing
KW - calcium
KW - bacterial toxins
KW - annexins
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201800033R
SN - 0892-6638
SN - 1530-6860
VL - 33
IS - 1
SP - 275
EP - 285
PB - Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
CY - Bethesda
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Masyagina, Oxana. V.
A1 - Evgrafova, S. Yu
A1 - Bugaenko, T. N.
A1 - Kholodilova, V. V.
A1 - Krivobokov, L.
A1 - Korets, M. A.
A1 - Wagner, Dirk
T1 - Permafrost landslides promote soil CO2 emission and hinder C accumulation
JF - The science of the total environment : an international journal for scientific research into the environment and its relationship with man
N2 - Landslides arc common in high-latitude forest ecosystems that have developed on permafrost. The most vulnerable areas in the permafrost territories of Siberia occur on the south-facing slopes of northern rivers, where they arc observed on about 20% of the total area of river slopes. Landslide disturbances will likely increase with climate change especially due to increasing summer-autumn precipitation. These processes are the most destructive natural disturbance agent and lead to the complete removal of pre-slide forest ecosystems (vegetation cover and soil). To evaluate postsliding ecosystem succession, we undertook integrated ecological research at landslides of different age classes along the Nizhnyaya Tunguska River and the Kochechum River (Tura, Krasnoyarsk region, Russia). Just after the event (at the one-year-old site), we registered a drop in soil respiration, a threefold lower microbial respiration rate, and a fourfold smaller mineral soil carbon and nitrogen stock at bare soil (melkozem) plots at the middle location of the site as compared with the non affected control site. The recovery of disturbed areas began with the re-establishment of plant cover and the following accumulation of an organic soil layer. During the 35-year succession (L1972), the accumulated layer (0 layer)at the oldest site contained similar C- and N stocks to those found at the control sites. However, the mineral soil C- and N stocks and the microbial biomass even of the oldest landslide area- did not reach the value of these parameters in control plots. Later, the soil respiration level and the eco-physiological status of soil microbiota also recovered due to these changes. This study demonstrates that the recovery after landslides in permafrost forests takes several decades. In addition, the degradation of permafrost due to landslides clearly hinders the accumulation of soil organic matter in the mineral soil. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.v. All rights reserved.
KW - Landslides
KW - Soil microorganisms
KW - Permafrost
KW - Soil C- and N stocks
KW - Boreal ecosystems
KW - Soil respiration
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.468
SN - 0048-9697
SN - 1879-1026
VL - 657
SP - 351
EP - 364
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Gorski, Mathias
A1 - Jung, Bettina
A1 - Li, Yong
A1 - Matias-Garcia, Pamela R.
A1 - Wuttke, Matthias
A1 - Coassin, Stefan
A1 - Thio, Chris H. L.
A1 - Kleber, Marcus E.
A1 - Winkler, Thomas W.
A1 - Wanner, Veronika
A1 - Chai, Jin-Fang
A1 - Chu, Audrey Y.
A1 - Cocca, Massimiliano
A1 - Feitosa, Mary F.
A1 - Ghasemi, Sahar
A1 - Hoppmann, Anselm
A1 - Horn, Katrin
A1 - Li, Man
A1 - Nutile, Teresa
A1 - Scholz, Markus
A1 - Sieber, Karsten B.
A1 - Teumer, Alexander
A1 - Tin, Adrienne
A1 - Wang, Judy
A1 - Tayo, Bamidele O.
A1 - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S.
A1 - Almgren, Peter
A1 - Bakker, Stephan J. L.
A1 - Banas, Bernhard
A1 - Bansal, Nisha
A1 - Biggs, Mary L.
A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric
A1 - Böttinger, Erwin
A1 - Brenner, Hermann
A1 - Carroll, Robert J.
A1 - Chalmers, John
A1 - Chee, Miao-Li
A1 - Chee, Miao-Ling
A1 - Cheng, Ching-Yu
A1 - Coresh, Josef
A1 - de Borst, Martin H.
A1 - Degenhardt, Frauke
A1 - Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
A1 - Endlich, Karlhans
A1 - Franke, Andre
A1 - Freitag-Wolf, Sandra
A1 - Gampawar, Piyush
A1 - Gansevoort, Ron T.
A1 - Ghanbari, Mohsen
A1 - Gieger, Christian
A1 - Hamet, Pavel
A1 - Ho, Kevin
A1 - Hofer, Edith
A1 - Holleczek, Bernd
A1 - Foo, Valencia Hui Xian
A1 - Hutri-Kahonen, Nina
A1 - Hwang, Shih-Jen
A1 - Ikram, M. Arfan
A1 - Josyula, Navya Shilpa
A1 - Kahonen, Mika
A1 - Khor, Chiea-Chuen
A1 - Koenig, Wolfgang
A1 - Kramer, Holly
A1 - Kraemer, Bernhard K.
A1 - Kuehnel, Brigitte
A1 - Lange, Leslie A.
A1 - Lehtimaki, Terho
A1 - Lieb, Wolfgang
A1 - Loos, Ruth J. F.
A1 - Lukas, Mary Ann
A1 - Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka
A1 - Meisinger, Christa
A1 - Meitinger, Thomas
A1 - Melander, Olle
A1 - Milaneschi, Yuri
A1 - Mishra, Pashupati P.
A1 - Mononen, Nina
A1 - Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.
A1 - Nadkarni, Girish N.
A1 - Nauck, Matthias
A1 - Nikus, Kjell
A1 - Ning, Boting
A1 - Nolte, Ilja M.
A1 - O'Donoghue, Michelle L.
A1 - Orho-Melander, Marju
A1 - Pendergrass, Sarah A.
A1 - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
A1 - Preuss, Michael H.
A1 - Psaty, Bruce M.
A1 - Raffield, Laura M.
A1 - Raitakari, Olli T.
A1 - Rettig, Rainer
A1 - Rheinberger, Myriam
A1 - Rice, Kenneth M.
A1 - Rosenkranz, Alexander R.
A1 - Rossing, Peter
A1 - Rotter, Jerome
A1 - Sabanayagam, Charumathi
A1 - Schmidt, Helena
A1 - Schmidt, Reinhold
A1 - Schoettker, Ben
A1 - Schulz, Christina-Alexandra
A1 - Sedaghat, Sanaz
A1 - Shaffer, Christian M.
A1 - Strauch, Konstantin
A1 - Szymczak, Silke
A1 - Taylor, Kent D.
A1 - Tremblay, Johanne
A1 - Chaker, Layal
A1 - van der Harst, Pim
A1 - van der Most, Peter J.
A1 - Verweij, Niek
A1 - Voelker, Uwe
A1 - Waldenberger, Melanie
A1 - Wallentin, Lars
A1 - Waterworth, Dawn M.
A1 - White, Harvey D.
A1 - Wilson, James G.
A1 - Wong, Tien-Yin
A1 - Woodward, Mark
A1 - Yang, Qiong
A1 - Yasuda, Masayuki
A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M.
A1 - Zhang, Yan
A1 - Snieder, Harold
A1 - Wanner, Christoph
A1 - Boger, Carsten A.
A1 - Kottgen, Anna
A1 - Kronenberg, Florian
A1 - Pattaro, Cristian
A1 - Heid, Iris M.
T1 - Meta-analysis uncovers genome-wide significant variants for rapid kidney function decline
T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakultät
N2 - Rapid decline of glomerular filtration rate estimated from creatinine (eGFRcrea) is associated with severe clinical endpoints. In contrast to cross-sectionally assessed eGFRcrea, the genetic basis for rapid eGFRcrea decline is largely unknown. To help define this, we meta-analyzed 42 genome-wide association studies from the Chronic Kidney Diseases Genetics Consortium and United Kingdom Biobank to identify genetic loci for rapid eGFRcrea decline. Two definitions of eGFRcrea decline were used: 3 mL/min/1.73m(2)/year or more ("Rapid3"; encompassing 34,874 cases, 107,090 controls) and eGFRcrea decline 25% or more and eGFRcrea under 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) at follow-up among those with eGFRcrea 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) or more at baseline ("CKDi25"; encompassing 19,901 cases, 175,244 controls). Seven independent variants were identified across six loci for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25: consisting of five variants at four loci with genome-wide significance (near UMOD-PDILT (2), PRKAG2, WDR72, OR2S2) and two variants among 265 known eGFRcrea variants (near GATM, LARP4B). All these loci were novel for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25 and our bioinformatic follow-up prioritized variants and genes underneath these loci. The OR2S2 locus is novel for any eGFRcrea trait including interesting candidates. For the five genome-wide significant lead variants, we found supporting effects for annual change in blood urea nitrogen or cystatin-based eGFR, but not for GATM or (LARP4B). Individuals at high compared to those at low genetic risk (8-14 vs. 0-5 adverse alleles) had a 1.20-fold increased risk of acute kidney injury (95% confidence interval 1.08-1.33). Thus, our identified loci for rapid kidney function decline may help prioritize therapeutic targets and identify mechanisms and individuals at risk for sustained deterioration of kidney function.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakultät - 19
KW - acute kidney injury
KW - end-stage kidney disease
KW - genome-wide association
KW - study
KW - rapid eGFRcrea decline
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-565379
IS - 19
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gorski, Mathias
A1 - Jung, Bettina
A1 - Li, Yong
A1 - Matias-Garcia, Pamela R.
A1 - Wuttke, Matthias
A1 - Coassin, Stefan
A1 - Thio, Chris H. L.
A1 - Kleber, Marcus E.
A1 - Winkler, Thomas W.
A1 - Wanner, Veronika
A1 - Chai, Jin-Fang
A1 - Chu, Audrey Y.
A1 - Cocca, Massimiliano
A1 - Feitosa, Mary F.
A1 - Ghasemi, Sahar
A1 - Hoppmann, Anselm
A1 - Horn, Katrin
A1 - Li, Man
A1 - Nutile, Teresa
A1 - Scholz, Markus
A1 - Sieber, Karsten B.
A1 - Teumer, Alexander
A1 - Tin, Adrienne
A1 - Wang, Judy
A1 - Tayo, Bamidele O.
A1 - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S.
A1 - Almgren, Peter
A1 - Bakker, Stephan J. L.
A1 - Banas, Bernhard
A1 - Bansal, Nisha
A1 - Biggs, Mary L.
A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric
A1 - Böttinger, Erwin
A1 - Brenner, Hermann
A1 - Carroll, Robert J.
A1 - Chalmers, John
A1 - Chee, Miao-Li
A1 - Chee, Miao-Ling
A1 - Cheng, Ching-Yu
A1 - Coresh, Josef
A1 - de Borst, Martin H.
A1 - Degenhardt, Frauke
A1 - Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
A1 - Endlich, Karlhans
A1 - Franke, Andre
A1 - Freitag-Wolf, Sandra
A1 - Gampawar, Piyush
A1 - Gansevoort, Ron T.
A1 - Ghanbari, Mohsen
A1 - Gieger, Christian
A1 - Hamet, Pavel
A1 - Ho, Kevin
A1 - Hofer, Edith
A1 - Holleczek, Bernd
A1 - Foo, Valencia Hui Xian
A1 - Hutri-Kahonen, Nina
A1 - Hwang, Shih-Jen
A1 - Ikram, M. Arfan
A1 - Josyula, Navya Shilpa
A1 - Kahonen, Mika
A1 - Khor, Chiea-Chuen
A1 - Koenig, Wolfgang
A1 - Kramer, Holly
A1 - Kraemer, Bernhard K.
A1 - Kuehnel, Brigitte
A1 - Lange, Leslie A.
A1 - Lehtimaki, Terho
A1 - Lieb, Wolfgang
A1 - Loos, Ruth J. F.
A1 - Lukas, Mary Ann
A1 - Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka
A1 - Meisinger, Christa
A1 - Meitinger, Thomas
A1 - Melander, Olle
A1 - Milaneschi, Yuri
A1 - Mishra, Pashupati P.
A1 - Mononen, Nina
A1 - Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.
A1 - Nadkarni, Girish N.
A1 - Nauck, Matthias
A1 - Nikus, Kjell
A1 - Ning, Boting
A1 - Nolte, Ilja M.
A1 - O'Donoghue, Michelle L.
A1 - Orho-Melander, Marju
A1 - Pendergrass, Sarah A.
A1 - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
A1 - Preuss, Michael H.
A1 - Psaty, Bruce M.
A1 - Raffield, Laura M.
A1 - Raitakari, Olli T.
A1 - Rettig, Rainer
A1 - Rheinberger, Myriam
A1 - Rice, Kenneth M.
A1 - Rosenkranz, Alexander R.
A1 - Rossing, Peter
A1 - Rotter, Jerome
A1 - Sabanayagam, Charumathi
A1 - Schmidt, Helena
A1 - Schmidt, Reinhold
A1 - Schoettker, Ben
A1 - Schulz, Christina-Alexandra
A1 - Sedaghat, Sanaz
A1 - Shaffer, Christian M.
A1 - Strauch, Konstantin
A1 - Szymczak, Silke
A1 - Taylor, Kent D.
A1 - Tremblay, Johanne
A1 - Chaker, Layal
A1 - van der Harst, Pim
A1 - van der Most, Peter J.
A1 - Verweij, Niek
A1 - Voelker, Uwe
A1 - Waldenberger, Melanie
A1 - Wallentin, Lars
A1 - Waterworth, Dawn M.
A1 - White, Harvey D.
A1 - Wilson, James G.
A1 - Wong, Tien-Yin
A1 - Woodward, Mark
A1 - Yang, Qiong
A1 - Yasuda, Masayuki
A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M.
A1 - Zhang, Yan
A1 - Snieder, Harold
A1 - Wanner, Christoph
A1 - Boger, Carsten A.
A1 - Kottgen, Anna
A1 - Kronenberg, Florian
A1 - Pattaro, Cristian
A1 - Heid, Iris M.
T1 - Meta-analysis uncovers genome-wide significant variants for rapid kidney function decline
JF - Kidney international : official journal of the International Society of Nephrology
N2 - Rapid decline of glomerular filtration rate estimated from creatinine (eGFRcrea) is associated with severe clinical endpoints. In contrast to cross-sectionally assessed eGFRcrea, the genetic basis for rapid eGFRcrea decline is largely unknown. To help define this, we meta-analyzed 42 genome-wide association studies from the Chronic Kidney Diseases Genetics Consortium and United Kingdom Biobank to identify genetic loci for rapid eGFRcrea decline. Two definitions of eGFRcrea decline were used: 3 mL/min/1.73m(2)/year or more ("Rapid3"; encompassing 34,874 cases, 107,090 controls) and eGFRcrea decline 25% or more and eGFRcrea under 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) at follow-up among those with eGFRcrea 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) or more at baseline ("CKDi25"; encompassing 19,901 cases, 175,244 controls). Seven independent variants were identified across six loci for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25: consisting of five variants at four loci with genome-wide significance (near UMOD-PDILT (2), PRKAG2, WDR72, OR2S2) and two variants among 265 known eGFRcrea variants (near GATM, LARP4B). All these loci were novel for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25 and our bioinformatic follow-up prioritized variants and genes underneath these loci. The OR2S2 locus is novel for any eGFRcrea trait including interesting candidates. For the five genome-wide significant lead variants, we found supporting effects for annual change in blood urea nitrogen or cystatin-based eGFR, but not for GATM or (LARP4B). Individuals at high compared to those at low genetic risk (8-14 vs. 0-5 adverse alleles) had a 1.20-fold increased risk of acute kidney injury (95% confidence interval 1.08-1.33). Thus, our identified loci for rapid kidney function decline may help prioritize therapeutic targets and identify mechanisms and individuals at risk for sustained deterioration of kidney function.
KW - acute kidney injury
KW - end-stage kidney disease
KW - genome-wide association
KW - study
KW - rapid eGFRcrea decline
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.09.030
SN - 0085-2538
SN - 1523-1755
VL - 99
IS - 4
SP - 926
EP - 939
PB - Elsevier
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Liemohn, Michael W.
A1 - McCollough, James P.
A1 - Jordanova, Vania K.
A1 - Ngwira, Chigomezyo M.
A1 - Morley, Steven K.
A1 - Cid, Consuelo
A1 - Tobiska, W. Kent
A1 - Wintoft, Peter
A1 - Ganushkina, Natalia Yu
A1 - Welling, Daniel T.
A1 - Bingham, Suzy
A1 - Balikhin, Michael A.
A1 - Opgenoorth, Hermann J.
A1 - Engel, Miles A.
A1 - Weigel, Robert S.
A1 - Singer, Howard J.
A1 - Buresova, Dalia
A1 - Bruinsma, Sean
A1 - Zhelavskaya, Irina
A1 - Shprits, Yuri
A1 - Vasile, Ruggero
T1 - Model Evaluation Guidelines for Geomagnetic Index Predictions
JF - Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications
N2 - Geomagnetic indices are convenient quantities that distill the complicated physics of some region or aspect of near-Earth space into a single parameter. Most of the best-known indices are calculated from ground-based magnetometer data sets, such as Dst, SYM-H, Kp, AE, AL, and PC. Many models have been created that predict the values of these indices, often using solar wind measurements upstream from Earth as the input variables to the calculation. This document reviews the current state of models that predict geomagnetic indices and the methods used to assess their ability to reproduce the target index time series. These existing methods are synthesized into a baseline collection of metrics for benchmarking a new or updated geomagnetic index prediction model. These methods fall into two categories: (1) fit performance metrics such as root-mean-square error and mean absolute error that are applied to a time series comparison of model output and observations and (2) event detection performance metrics such as Heidke Skill Score and probability of detection that are derived from a contingency table that compares model and observation values exceeding (or not) a threshold value. A few examples of codes being used with this set of metrics are presented, and other aspects of metrics assessment best practices, limitations, and uncertainties are discussed, including several caveats to consider when using geomagnetic indices. Plain Language Summary One aspect of space weather is a magnetic signature across the surface of the Earth. The creation of this signal involves nonlinear interactions of electromagnetic forces on charged particles and can therefore be difficult to predict. The perturbations that space storms and other activity causes in some observation sets, however, are fairly regular in their pattern. Some of these measurements have been compiled together into a single value, a geomagnetic index. Several such indices exist, providing a global estimate of the activity in different parts of geospace. Models have been developed to predict the time series of these indices, and various statistical methods are used to assess their performance at reproducing the original index. Existing studies of geomagnetic indices, however, use different approaches to quantify the performance of the model. This document defines a standardized set of statistical analyses as a baseline set of comparison tools that are recommended to assess geomagnetic index prediction models. It also discusses best practices, limitations, uncertainties, and caveats to consider when conducting a model assessment.
Y1 - 2018
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW002067
SN - 1542-7390
VL - 16
IS - 12
SP - 2079
EP - 2102
PB - American Geophysical Union
CY - Washington
ER -