TY  - JOUR
A1  - Castaño Martínez, María Teresa
A1  - Schumacher, Fabian
A1  - Schumacher, Silke
A1  - Kochlik, Bastian Max
A1  - Weber, Daniela
A1  - Grune, Tilman
A1  - Biemann, Ronald
A1  - McCann, Adrian
A1  - Abraham, Klaus
A1  - Weikert, Cornelia
A1  - Kleuse, Burkhard
A1  - Schürmann, Annette
A1  - Laeger, Thomas
T1  - Methionine restriction prevents onset of type 2 diabetes in NZO mice
JF  - The FASEB journal : the official journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
N2  - Dietary methionine restriction (MR) is well known to reduce body weight by increasing energy expenditure (EE) and insulin sensitivity. An elevated concentration of circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has been implicated as a potential underlying mechanism. The aims of our study were to test whether dietary MR in the context of a high-fat regimen protects against type 2 diabetes in mice and to investigate whether vegan and vegetarian diets, which have naturally low methionine levels, modulate circulating FGF21 in humans. New Zealand obese (NZO) mice, a model for polygenic obesity and type 2 diabetes, were placed on isocaloric high-fat diets (protein, 16 kcal%; carbohydrate, 52 kcal%; fat, 32 kcal%) that provided methionine at control (Con; 0.86% methionine) or low levels (0.17%) for 9 wk. Markers of glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity were analyzed. Among humans, low methionine intake and circulating FGF21 levels were investigated by comparing a vegan and a vegetarian diet to an omnivore diet and evaluating the effect of a short-term vegetarian diet on FGF21 induction. In comparison with the Con group, MR led to elevated plasma FGF21 levels and prevented the onset of hyperglycemia in NZO mice. MR-fed mice exhibited increased insulin sensitivity, higher plasma adiponectin levels, increased EE, and up-regulated expression of thermogenic genes in subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Food intake and fat mass did not change. Plasma FGF21 levels were markedly higher in vegan humans compared with omnivores, and circulating FGF21 levels increased significantly in omnivores after 4 d on a vegetarian diet. These data suggest that MR induces FGF21 and protects NZO mice from high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes. The normoglycemic phenotype in vegans and vegetarians may be caused by induced FGF21. MR akin to vegan and vegetarian diets in humans may offer metabolic benefits via increased circulating levels of FGF21 and merits further investigation.-Castano-Martinez, T., Schumacher, F., Schumacher, S., Kochlik, B., Weber, D., Grune, T., Biemann, R., McCann, A., Abraham, K., Weikert, C., Kleuser, B., Schurmann, A., Laeger, T. Methionine restriction prevents onset of type 2 diabetes in NZO mice.
KW  - energy expenditure
KW  - hyperglycemia
KW  - obesity
KW  - vegan
KW  - vegetarian
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201900150R
SN  - 0892-6638
SN  - 1530-6860
VL  - 33
IS  - 6
SP  - 7092
EP  - 7102
PB  - Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
CY  - Bethesda
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Eichelmann, Fabian
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Wittenbecher, Clemens
A1  - Menzel, Juliane
A1  - Weikert, Cornelia
A1  - di Giuseppe, Romina
A1  - Biemann, Ronald
A1  - Isermann, Berend
A1  - Fritsche, Andreas
A1  - Boeing, Heiner
A1  - Aleksandrova, Krasimira
T1  - Association of Chemerin Plasma Concentration With Risk of Colorectal Cancer
JF  - JAMA network open
N2  - IMPORTANCE Inflammatory processes have been suggested to have an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology. Chemerin is a recently discovered inflammatory biomarker thought to exert chemotactic, adipogenic, and angiogenic functions. However, its potential link with CRC has not been sufficiently explored. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prospective association of circulating plasma chemerin concentrations with incident CRC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective case-cohort study based on 27 548 initially healthy participants from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort who were followed for up to 16 years. Baseline study information and samples were collected between August 23, 1994, and September 25, 1998. Recruitment was according to random registry sampling from the geographical area of Potsdam, Germany, and surrounding municipalities. The last date of study follow-up was May 10, 2010. Statistical analysis was conducted in 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incident CRC, colon cancer, and rectal cancer. Baseline chemerin plasma concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that the association between chemerin concentration and the risk of incident CRC was linear and independent of established CRC risk factors. Further studies are warranted to evaluate chemerin as a novel immune-inflammatory agent in colorectal carcinogenesis.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.0896
SN  - 2574-3805
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
PB  - American Veterinary Medical Association
CY  - Chicago
ER  -