TY  - JOUR
A1  - Friedel, Eva
A1  - Schlagenhauf, Florian
A1  - Beck, Anne
A1  - Dolan, Raymond J.
A1  - Huys, Quentin J. M.
A1  - Rapp, Michael Armin
A1  - Heinz, Andreas
T1  - The effects of life stress and neural learning signals on fluid intelligence
JF  - European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience : official organ of the German Society for Biological Psychiatry
N2  - Fluid intelligence (fluid IQ), defined as the capacity for rapid problem solving and behavioral adaptation, is known to be modulated by learning and experience. Both stressful life events (SLES) and neural correlates of learning [specifically, a key mediator of adaptive learning in the brain, namely the ventral striatal representation of prediction errors (PE)] have been shown to be associated with individual differences in fluid IQ. Here, we examine the interaction between adaptive learning signals (using a well-characterized probabilistic reversal learning task in combination with fMRI) and SLES on fluid IQ measures. We find that the correlation between ventral striatal BOLD PE and fluid IQ, which we have previously reported, is quantitatively modulated by the amount of reported SLES. Thus, after experiencing adversity, basic neuronal learning signatures appear to align more closely with a general measure of flexible learning (fluid IQ), a finding complementing studies on the effects of acute stress on learning. The results suggest that an understanding of the neurobiological correlates of trait variables like fluid IQ needs to take socioemotional influences such as chronic stress into account.
KW  - Reinforcement learning
KW  - Prediction error signal
KW  - Ventral striatum
KW  - Stress
KW  - Intelligence
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-014-0519-3
SN  - 0940-1334
SN  - 1433-8491
VL  - 265
IS  - 1
SP  - 35
EP  - 43
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Haegele, Claudia
A1  - Schlagenhauf, Florian
A1  - Rapp, Michael Armin
A1  - Sterzer, Philipp
A1  - Beck, Anne
A1  - Bermpohl, Felix
A1  - Stoy, Meline
A1  - Stroehle, Andreas
A1  - Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich
A1  - Dolan, Raymond J.
A1  - Heinz, Andreas
T1  - Dimensional psychiatry: reward dysfunction and depressive mood across psychiatric disorders
JF  - Psychopharmacology
N2  - A dimensional approach in psychiatry aims to identify core mechanisms of mental disorders across nosological boundaries.
 We compared anticipation of reward between major psychiatric disorders, and investigated whether reward anticipation is impaired in several mental disorders and whether there is a common psychopathological correlate (negative mood) of such an impairment.
 During reward anticipation, we observed significant group differences in ventral striatal (VS) activation: patients with schizophrenia, alcohol dependence, and major depression showed significantly less ventral striatal activation compared to healthy controls. Depressive symptoms correlated with dysfunction in reward anticipation regardless of diagnostic entity. There was no significant correlation between anxiety symptoms and VS functional activation.
 Our findings demonstrate a neurobiological dysfunction related to reward prediction that transcended disorder categories and was related to measures of depressed mood. The findings underline the potential of a dimensional approach in psychiatry and strengthen the hypothesis that neurobiological research in psychiatric disorders can be targeted at core mechanisms that are likely to be implicated in a range of clinical entities.
KW  - Dimensional
KW  - fMRI
KW  - Reward system
KW  - Ventral striatum
KW  - Monetary incentive delay task
KW  - Depressive symptoms
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-014-3662-7
SN  - 0033-3158
SN  - 1432-2072
VL  - 232
IS  - 2
SP  - 331
EP  - 341
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  -