TY  - GEN
A1  - Gellert, Paul
A1  - Häusler, Andreas
A1  - Suhr, Ralf
A1  - Gholami, Maryam
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Kuhlmey, Adelheid
A1  - Nordheim, Johanna
T1  - Testing the stress-buffering hypothesis of social support in couples coping with early-stage dementia
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Purpose

To test whether the negative relationship between perceived stress and quality of life (Hypothesis 1) can be buffered by perceived social support in patients with dementia as well as in caregivers individually (Hypothesis 2: actor effects) and across partners (Hypothesis 3: partner effects and actor-partner effects).

Method

A total of 108 couples (N = 216 individuals) comprised of one individual with early-stage dementia and one caregiving partner were assessed at baseline and one month apart. Moderation effects were investigated by applying linear mixed models and actor-partner interdependence models.

Results

Although the stress-quality of life association was more pronounced in caregivers (beta = -.63, p<.001) compared to patients (beta= -.31, p<.001), this association was equally moderated by social support in patients (beta = .14, p<.05) and in the caregivers (beta =.13, p<.05). From one partner to his or her counterpart, the partner buffering and actor-partner-buffering effect were not present.

Conclusion

The stress-buffering effect has been replicated in individuals with dementia and caregivers but not across partners. Interventions to improve quality of life through perceived social support should not only focus on caregivers, but should incorporate both partners.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 657 
KW  - partner interdependence model
KW  - Quality-of-life
KW  - Alzheimers disease
KW  - depressive symptomatology
KW  - longitudinal cohort
KW  - caregivers
KW  - health
KW  - communication
KW  - metaanalysis
KW  - association
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-446270
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 657
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Friedel, Eva
A1  - Schlagenhauf, Florian
A1  - Beck, Anne
A1  - Dolan, Raymond J.
A1  - Huys, Quentin J. M.
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Heinz, Andreas
T1  - The effects of life stress and neural learning signals on fluid intelligence
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Fluid intelligence (fluid IQ), defined as the capacity for rapid problem solving and behavioral adaptation, is known to be modulated by learning and experience. Both stressful life events (SLES) and neural correlates of learning [specifically, a key mediator of adaptive learning in the brain, namely the ventral striatal representation of prediction errors (PE)] have been shown to be associated with individual differences in fluid IQ. Here, we examine the interaction between adaptive learning signals (using a well-characterized probabilistic reversal learning task in combination with fMRI) and SLES on fluid IQ measures. We find that the correlation between ventral striatal BOLD PE and fluid IQ, which we have previously reported, is quantitatively modulated by the amount of reported SLES. Thus, after experiencing adversity, basic neuronal learning signatures appear to align more closely with a general measure of flexible learning (fluid IQ), a finding complementing studies on the effects of acute stress on learning. The results suggest that an understanding of the neurobiological correlates of trait variables like fluid IQ needs to take socioemotional influences such as chronic stress into account.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 621 
KW  - reinforcement learning
KW  - prediction error signal
KW  - ventral striatum
KW  - stress
KW  - intelligence
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435140
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 621
SP  - 35
EP  - 43
ER  -