TY  - JOUR
A1  - Diluiso, Francesca
A1  - Walk, Paula
A1  - Manych, Niccolo
A1  - Cerutti, Nicola
A1  - Chipiga, Vladislav
A1  - Workman, Annabelle
A1  - Ayas, Ceren
A1  - Cui, Ryna Yiyun
A1  - Cui, Diyang
A1  - Song, Kaihui
A1  - Banisch, Lucy A.
A1  - Moretti, Nikolaj
A1  - Callaghan, Max W.
A1  - Clarke, Leon
A1  - Creutzig, Felix
A1  - Hilaire, Jerome
A1  - Jotzo, Frank
A1  - Kalkuhl, Matthias
A1  - Lamb, William F.
A1  - Löschel, Andreas
A1  - Müller-Hansen, Finn
A1  - Nemet, Gregory F.
A1  - Oei, Pao-Yu
A1  - Sovacool, Benjamin K.
A1  - Steckel, Jan Christoph
A1  - Thomas, Sebastian
A1  - Wiseman, John
A1  - Minx, Jan C.
T1  - Coal transitions - part 1
BT  - a systematic map and review of case study learnings from regional, national, and local coal phase-out experiences
JF  - Environmental research letters
N2  - A rapid coal phase-out is needed to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement, but is hindered by serious challenges ranging from vested interests to the risks of social disruption. To understand how to organize a global coal phase-out, it is crucial to go beyond cost-effective climate mitigation scenarios and learn from the experience of previous coal transitions. Despite the relevance of the topic, evidence remains fragmented throughout different research fields, and not easily accessible. To address this gap, this paper provides a systematic map and comprehensive review of the literature on historical coal transitions. We use computer-assisted systematic mapping and review methods to chart and evaluate the available evidence on historical declines in coal production and consumption. We extracted a dataset of 278 case studies from 194 publications, covering coal transitions in 44 countries and ranging from the end of the 19th century until 2021. We find a relatively recent and rapidly expanding body of literature reflecting the growing importance of an early coal phase-out in scientific and political debates. Previous evidence has primarily focused on the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany, while other countries that experienced large coal declines, like those in Eastern Europe, are strongly underrepresented. An increasing number of studies, mostly published in the last 5 years, has been focusing on China. Most of the countries successfully reducing coal dependency have undergone both demand-side and supply-side transitions. This supports the use of policy approaches targeting both demand and supply to achieve a complete coal phase-out. From a political economy perspective, our dataset highlights that most transitions are driven by rising production costs for coal, falling prices for alternative energies, or local environmental concerns, especially regarding air pollution. The main challenges for coal-dependent regions are structural change transformations, in particular for industry and labor. Rising unemployment is the most largely documented outcome in the sample. Policymakers at multiple levels are instrumental in facilitating coal transitions. They rely mainly on regulatory instruments to foster the transitions and compensation schemes or investment plans to deal with their transformative processes. Even though many models suggest that coal phase-outs are among the low-hanging fruits on the way to climate neutrality and meeting the international climate goals, our case studies analysis highlights the intricate political economy at work that needs to be addressed through well-designed and just policies.
KW  - climate change mitigation
KW  - coal transitions
KW  - evidence synthesis
KW  - political economy
KW  - systematic map
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1b58
SN  - 1748-9326
VL  - 16
IS  - 11
PB  - Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)
CY  - Bristol
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Döbbeling-Hildebrandt, Niklas
A1  - Miersch, Klaas
A1  - Khanna, Tarun M.
A1  - Bachelet, Marion
A1  - Bruns, Stephan B.
A1  - Callaghan, Max
A1  - Edenhofer, Ottmar
A1  - Flachsland, Christian
A1  - Forster, Piers M.
A1  - Kalkuhl, Matthias
A1  - Koch, Nicolas
A1  - Lamb, William F.
A1  - Ohlendorf, Nils
A1  - Steckel, Jan Christoph
A1  - Minx, Jan C.
T1  - Systematic review and meta-analysis of ex-post evaluations on the effectiveness of carbon pricing
JF  - Nature communications
N2  - Today, more than 70 carbon pricing schemes have been implemented around the globe, but their contributions to emissions reductions remains a subject of heated debate in science and policy. Here we assess the effectiveness of carbon pricing in reducing emissions using a rigorous, machine-learning assisted systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on 483 effect sizes extracted from 80 causal ex-post evaluations across 21 carbon pricing schemes, we find that introducing a carbon price has yielded immediate and substantial emission reductions for at least 17 of these policies, despite the low level of prices in most instances. Statistically significant emissions reductions range between –5% to –21% across the schemes (–4% to –15% after correcting for publication bias). Our study highlights critical evidence gaps with regard to dozens of unevaluated carbon pricing schemes and the price elasticity of emissions reductions. More rigorous synthesis of carbon pricing and other climate policies is required across a range of outcomes to advance our understanding of “what works” and accelerate learning on climate solutions in science and policy.
KW  - carbon and energy
KW  - climate-change mitigation
KW  - climate-change policy
KW  - economics
Y1  - 2024
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48512-w
SN  - 2041-1723
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
PB  - Springer Nature
CY  - London
ER  -