TY - JOUR A1 - Schroetter, Ilane A1 - Bouche, Nicolas F. A1 - Zabl, Johannes A1 - Contini, Thierry A1 - Wendt, Martin A1 - Schaye, Joop A1 - Mitchell, Peter A1 - Muzahid, Sowgat A1 - Marino, Raffaella Anna A1 - Bacon, Roland A1 - Lilly, Simon J. A1 - Richard, Johan A1 - Wisotzki, Lutz T1 - MusE GAs FLOw andWind (MEGAFLOW) BT - III. Galactic wind properties using background quasars JF - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society N2 - We present results from our on-going MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) survey, which consists of 22 quasar lines of sight, each observed with the integral field unit MUSE and the UVES spectrograph at the ESO Very Large Telescopes (VLT). The goals of this survey are to study the properties of the circumgalactic medium around z similar to 1 star-forming galaxies. The absorption-line selected survey consists of 79 strong MgII absorbers (with rest-frame equivalent width greater than or similar to 0.3 angstrom) and, currently, 86 associated galaxies within 100 projected kpc of the quasar with stellar masses (M-star) from 109 to 1011 M-circle dot. We find that the cool halo gas traced by MgII is not isotropically distributed around these galaxies from the strong bi-modal distribution in the azimuthal angle of the apparent location of the quasar with respect to the galaxy major axis. This supports a scenario in which outflows are bi-conical in nature and co-exist with a co-planar gaseous structure extending at least up to 60-80 kpc. Assuming that absorbers near the minor axis probe outflows, the current MEGAFLOW sample allowed us to select 26 galaxy-quasar pairs suitable for studying winds. From this sample, using a simple geometrical model, we find that the outflow velocity only exceeds the escape velocity when M-star less than or similar to 4 x 10(9) M-circle dot, implying the cool material is likely to fall back except in the smallest haloes. Finally, we find that the mass loading factor., the ratio between the ejected mass rate and the star formation rate, appears to be roughly constant with respect to the galaxy mass. KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: formation KW - intergalactic medium KW - quasars: absorption lines Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2822 SN - 0035-8711 SN - 1365-2966 VL - 490 IS - 3 SP - 4368 EP - 4381 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marino, Raffaella Anna A1 - Cantalupo, Sebastiano A1 - Lilly, Simon J. A1 - Gallego, Sofia G. A1 - Straka, Lorrie A. A1 - Borisova, Elena A1 - Pezzulli, Gabriele A1 - Bacon, Roland A1 - Brinchmann, Jarle A1 - Carollo, C. Marcella A1 - Caruana, Joseph A1 - Conseil, Simon A1 - Contini, Thierry A1 - Diener, Catrina A1 - Finley, Hayley A1 - Inami, Hanae A1 - Leclercq, Floriane A1 - Muzahid, Sowgat A1 - Richard, Johan A1 - Schaye, Joop A1 - Wendt, Martin A1 - Wisotzki, Lutz T1 - Dark Galaxy Candidates at Redshift similar to 3.5 Detected with MUSE JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics N2 - Recent theoretical models suggest that the early phase of galaxy formation could involve an epoch when galaxies are gas rich but inefficient at forming stars: a "dark galaxy" phase. Here, we report the results of our Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) survey for dark galaxies fluorescently illuminated by quasars at z > 3. Compared to previous studies which are based on deep narrowband (NB) imaging, our integral field survey provides a nearly uniform sensitivity coverage over a large volume in redshift space around the quasars as well as full spectral information at each location. Thanks to these unique features, we are able to build control samples at large redshift distances from the quasars using the same data taken under the same conditions. By comparing the rest-frame equivalent width (EW0) distributions of the Ly alpha sources detected in proximity to the quasars and in control samples, we detect a clear correlation between the locations of high-EW0 objects and the quasars. This correlation is not seen in other properties, such as Ly alpha luminosities or volume overdensities, suggesting the possible fluorescent nature of at least some of these objects. Among these, we find six sources without continuum counterparts and EW0 limits larger than 240 angstrom that are the best candidates for dark galaxies in our survey at z > 3.5. The volume densities and properties, including inferred gas masses and star formation efficiencies, of these dark galaxy candidates are similar to those of previously detected candidates at z approximate to 2.4 in NB surveys. Moreover, if the most distant of these are fluorescently illuminated by the quasar, our results also provide a lower limit of t - 60 Myr on the quasar lifetime. KW - galaxies: formation KW - galaxies: high-redshift KW - galaxies: star formation KW - intergalactic medium KW - quasars: emission lines KW - quasars: general Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab6aa SN - 0004-637X SN - 1538-4357 VL - 859 IS - 1 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zabl, Johannes A1 - Bouche, Nicolas F. A1 - Schroetter, Ilane A1 - Wendt, Martin A1 - Finley, Hayley A1 - Schaye, Joop A1 - Conseil, Simon A1 - Contini, Thierry A1 - Marino, Raffaella Anna A1 - Mitchell, Peter A1 - Muzahid, Sowgat A1 - Pezzulli, Gabriele A1 - Wisotzki, Lutz T1 - MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) BT - II. A study of gas accretion around z approximate to 1 star-forming galaxies with background quasars JF - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society N2 - We use the MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) survey to study the kinematics of extended disc-like structures of cold gas around z approximate to 1 star-forming galaxies. The combination of VLT/MUSE and VLT/UVES observations allows us to connect the kinematics of the gas measured through MgII quasar absorption spectroscopy to the kinematics and orientation of the associated galaxies constrained through integral field spectroscopy. Confirming previous results, we find that the galaxy-absorber pairs of the MEGAFLOW survey follow a strong bimodal distribution, consistent with a picture of MgII absorption being predominantly present in outflow cones and extended disc-like structures. This allows us to select a bona-fide sample of galaxy-absorber pairs probing these discs for impact paramometers of 10-70 kpc. We test the hypothesis that the disc-like gas is co-rotating with the galaxy discs, and find that for seven out of nine pairs the absorption velocity shares the sign of the disc velocity, disfavouring random orbits. We further show that the data are roughly consistent with inflow velocities and angular momenta predicted by simulations, and that the corresponding mass accretion rates are sufficient to balance the star formation rates. KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: formation KW - galaxies: haloes KW - galaxies: kinematics and dynamics KW - quasars: absorption lines Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz392 SN - 0035-8711 SN - 1365-2966 VL - 485 IS - 2 SP - 1961 EP - 1980 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bouche, Nicolas A1 - Finley, H. A1 - Schroetter, I. A1 - Murphy, M. T. A1 - Richter, Philipp A1 - Bacon, Roland A1 - Contini, Thierry A1 - Richard, J. A1 - Wendt, Martin A1 - Kamann, S. A1 - Epinat, Benoit A1 - Cantalupo, Sebastiano A1 - Straka, Lorrie A. A1 - Schaye, Joop A1 - Martin, C. L. A1 - Peroux, C. A1 - Wisotzki, Lutz A1 - Soto, K. A1 - Lilly, S. A1 - Carollo, C. M. A1 - Brinchmann, Jarle A1 - Kollatschny, W. T1 - POSSIBLE SIGNATURES OF A COLD-FLOW DISK FROM MUSE USING A z similar to 1 GALAXY-QUASAR PAIR TOWARD SDSS J1422-0001 JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics N2 - We use a background quasar to detect the presence of circumgalactic gas around a z = 0.91 low-mass star-forming galaxy. Data from the new Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) on the Very Large Telescope show that the galaxy has a dust-corrected star formation rate (SFR) of 4.7 +/- 2.0. M-circle dot yr(-1), with no companion down to 0.22 M-circle dot yr(-1) (5 sigma) within 240 h(-1) kpc ("30"). Using a high-resolution spectrum of the background quasar, which is fortuitously aligned with the galaxy major axis (with an azimuth angle alpha of only 15 degrees), we find, in the gas kinematics traced by low-ionization lines, distinct signatures consistent with those expected for a "cold-flow disk" extending at least 12 kpc (3 x R-1/2). We estimate the mass accretion rate M-in to be at least two to three times larger than the SFR, using the geometric constraints from the IFU data and the H (I) column density of log N-H (I)/cm(-2) similar or equal to 20.4 obtained from a Hubble Space Telescope/COS near-UV spectrum. From a detailed analysis of the low-ionization lines (e.g., Zn II, Cr II, Ti II, MnII, Si II), the accreting material appears to be enriched to about 0.4 Z(circle dot) (albeit with large uncertainties: log Z/Z(circle dot) = -0.4 +/- 0.4), which is comparable to the galaxy metallicity (12 + log O/H = 8.7 +/- 0.2), implying a large recycling fraction from past outflows. Blueshifted Mg II and Fe II absorptions in the galaxy spectrum from the MUSE data reveal the presence of an outflow. The Mg II and Fe II absorption line ratios indicate emission infilling due to scattering processes, but the MUSE data do not show any signs of fluorescent Fe II* emission. KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: formation KW - intergalactic medium KW - quasars: individual (SDSS J142253.31-000149) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/121 SN - 0004-637X SN - 1538-4357 VL - 820 SP - 1872 EP - 1882 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Finley, Hayley A1 - Bouche, Nicolas A1 - Contini, Thierry A1 - Epinat, Benoit A1 - Bacon, Roland A1 - Brinchmann, Jarle A1 - Cantalupo, Sebastiano A1 - Erroz-Ferrer, Santiago A1 - Marino, Aella Anna A1 - Maseda, Michael A1 - Richard, Johan A1 - Schroetter, Ilane A1 - Verhamme, Anne A1 - Weilbacher, Peter Michael A1 - Wendt, Martin A1 - Wisotzki, Lutz T1 - Galactic winds with MUSE: A direct detection of Fe II* emission from a z=1.29 galaxy JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal N2 - Emission signatures from galactic winds provide an opportunity to directly map the outflowing gas, but this is traditionally challenging because of the low surface brightness. Using very deep observations (27 h) of the Hubble Deep Field South with the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) instrument, we identify signatures of an outflow in both emission and absorption from a spatially resolved galaxy at z = 1.29 with a stellar mass M-star = 8 x 10(9) M-circle dot, star formation rate SFR = 77(-25)(+40) M-circle dot yr(-1), and star formation rate surface brightness Sigma(SFR) = 1.6 M-circle dot kpc(-2) within the [OII] lambda lambda 3727, 3729 half-light radius R-1/2, ([OII]) = 2.76 +/- 0.17 kpc. From a component of the strong resonant Mg II and Fe II absorptions at -350 km s(-1), we infer a mass outflow rate that is comparable to the star formation rate. We detect non-resonant Fe II* emission, at lambda 2365, lambda 2396, lambda 2612, and lambda 2626, at 1.2-2.4-1.5-2.7 x 10-(18) erg s(-1) cm(-2) respectively. The flux ratios are consistent with the expectations for optically thick gas. By combining the four non-resonant Fe II* emission lines, we spatially map the Fe II* emission from an individual galaxy for the first time. The Fe II* emission has an elliptical morphology that is roughly aligned with the galaxy minor kinematic axis, and its integrated half-light radius, R-1/2, (Fe II*) = 4.1 +/- 0.4 kpc, is 70% larger than the stellar continuum (R-1/2,(star) similar or equal to 2.34 +/- 0.17) or the [O II] nebular line. Moreover, the Fe II* emission shows a blue wing extending up to -400 km s(-1), which is more pronounced along the galaxy minor kinematic axis and reveals a C-shaped pattern in a p - v diagram along that axis. These features are consistent with a bi-conical outflow. KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: formation KW - galaxies: starburst KW - galaxies: ISM KW - ISM: jets and outflows KW - ultraviolet: ISM Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730428 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 605 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wisotzki, Lutz A1 - Bacon, Roland A1 - Blaizot, J. A1 - Brinchmann, Jarle A1 - Herenz, Edmund Christian A1 - Schaye, Joop A1 - Bouche, Nicolas A1 - Cantalupo, Sebastiano A1 - Contini, Thierry A1 - Carollo, C. M. A1 - Caruana, Joseph A1 - Courbot, J. -B. A1 - Emsellem, E. A1 - Kamann, S. A1 - Kerutt, Josephine Victoria A1 - Leclercq, F. A1 - Lilly, S. J. A1 - Patricio, V. A1 - Sandin, C. A1 - Steinmetz, Matthias A1 - Straka, Lorrie A. A1 - Urrutia, Tanya A1 - Verhamme, A. A1 - Weilbacher, Peter Michael A1 - Wendt, Martin T1 - Extended Lyman alpha haloes around individual high-redshift galaxies revealed by MUSE JF - Science N2 - We report the detection of extended Ly alpha emission around individual star-forming galaxies at redshifts z = 3-6 in an ultradeep exposure of the Hubble Deep Field South obtained with MUSE on the ESO-VLT. The data reach a limiting surface brightness (1 sigma) of similar to 1 x 10(-19) erg s(-1) cm(-2) arcsec(-2) in azimuthally averaged radial profiles, an order of magnitude improvement over previous narrowband imaging. Our sample consists of 26 spectroscopically confirmed Ly alpha-emitting, but mostly continuum-faint (m(AB) greater than or similar to 27) galaxies. In most objects the Ly alpha emission is considerably more extended than the UV continuum light. While five of the faintest galaxies in the sample show no significantly detected Ly alpha haloes, the derived upper limits suggest that this is due to insufficient S/N. Ly alpha haloes therefore appear to be ubiquitous even for low-mass (similar to 10(8)-10(9) M-circle dot) star-forming galaxies at z > 3. We decompose the Ly alpha emission of each object into a compact component tracing the UV continuum and an extended halo component, and infer sizes and luminosities of the haloes. The extended Ly alpha emission approximately follows an exponential surface brightness distribution with a scale length of a few kpc. While these haloes are thus quite modest in terms of their absolute sizes, they are larger by a factor of 5-15 than the corresponding rest-frame UV continuum sources as seen by HST. They are also much more extended, by a factor similar to 5, than Ly alpha haloes around low-redshift star-forming galaxies. Between similar to 40% and greater than or similar to 90% of the observed Ly alpha flux comes from the extended halo component, with no obvious correlation of this fraction with either the absolute or the relative size of the Ly alpha halo. Our observations provide direct insights into the spatial distribution of at least partly neutral gas residing in the circumgalactic medium of low to intermediate mass galaxies at z > 3. KW - galaxies: high-redshift KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: formation KW - cosmology: observations KW - intergalactic medium Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527384 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 587 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroetter, I. A1 - Bouche, Nicolas A1 - Wendt, Martin A1 - Contini, Thierry A1 - Finley, H. A1 - Pello, R. A1 - Bacon, Roland A1 - Cantalupo, Sebastiano A1 - Marino, Raffaella Anna A1 - Richard, J. A1 - Lilly, S. J. A1 - Schaye, Joop A1 - Soto, K. A1 - Steinmetz, Matthias A1 - Straka, Lorrie A. A1 - Wisotzki, Lutz T1 - MUSE GAS FLOW AND WIND (MEGAFLOW). I. FIRST MUSE RESULTS ON BACKGROUND QUASARS JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics N2 - The physical properties of galactic winds are one of the keys to understand galaxy formation and evolution. These properties can be constrained thanks to background quasar lines of sight (LOS) passing near star-forming galaxies (SFGs). We present the first results of the MusE GAs FLOw and Wind survey obtained from two quasar fields, which have eight Mg II absorbers of which three have rest equivalent width greater than 0.8 angstrom. With the new Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope (VLT), we detect six (75%) Mg II host galaxy candidates within a radius of 30. from the quasar LOS. Out of these six galaxy-quasar pairs, from geometrical argument, one is likely probing galactic outflows, where two are classified as "ambiguous,"two are likely probing extended gaseous disks and one pair seems to be a merger. We focus on the wind-pair and constrain the outflow using a high-resolution quasar spectra from the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph. Assuming the metal absorption to be due to ga;s flowing out of the detected galaxy through a cone along the minor axis, we find outflow velocities in the order of approximate to 150 km s(-1) (i.e., smaller than the escape velocity) with a loading factor, eta = M-out/SFR, of approximate to 0.7. We see evidence for an open conical flow, with a low-density inner core. In the future, MUSE will provide us with about 80 multiple galaxy-quasar pairs in two dozen fields. KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: formation KW - intergalactic medium KW - quasars: individual (SDSS J213748+001220, SDSS J215200+062516) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/833/1/39 SN - 0004-637X SN - 1538-4357 VL - 833 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER -