TY - BOOK A1 - Asche, Matthias A1 - Brechenmacher, Thomas A1 - Biermann, Felix A1 - Partenheimer, Lutz A1 - Folwarczny, Uwe A1 - Niggemann, Ulrich A1 - Göse, Frank A1 - Höpel, Thomas A1 - Czech, Vinzenz A1 - Yaldiz, Yunus A1 - Martin, Angela A1 - Bahl, Peter A1 - Schenck, Marcia C. A1 - Glöckner, Olaf ED - Asche, Matthias ED - Brechenmacher, Thomas T1 - Hier geblieben? BT - Brandenburg als Einwanderungsland vom Mittelalter bis heute N2 - Die historische Forschung hat seit längerem herausgearbeitet, dass Migration nichts von einer Norm Abweichendes ist, sondern vielmehr ein »konstitutives Element der Menschheitsgeschichte« (J. Oltmer), der Mensch mithin stets ein »homo migrans« (K.-J. Bade) war. Auch die Geschichte Brandenburgs wurde seit jeher von Einwanderungsprozessen geprägt. Von »Toleranz« im modernen Sinne kann freilich keine Rede sein, sondern meistens ging es um ökonomisch nutzbringende Aufnahme bestimmter Gruppen. Sehr oft waren die Ansiedlungen aber auch das Ergebnis von Flucht, Vertreibung und kriegerischer Gewalt. Der vorliegende Band zeigt anhand von Beispielen vom frühen Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart die Bedeutung der Zuwanderung für Brandenburg auf. Der Bogen reicht von der slawischen Einwanderung des 8./9. Jahrhunderts bis zur Ankunft russisch-jüdischer »Kontingentflüchtlinge« im Gefolge der deutschen Wiedervereinigung, von Niederländern, Juden, Hugenotten, Revolutionsflüchtlingen in der Frühen Neuzeit bis hin zu Muslimen, Zwangsarbeitern, Vertriebenen und DDR-»Fremdarbeitern« im 20. Jahrhundert – eine Geschichte der Vielfalt des brandenburgischen Raumes und seiner Bevölkerung im Spiegel der Zuwanderung. KW - Brandenburg KW - Berlin KW - Migrationsgeschichte KW - Einwanderung KW - Auswanderung Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-499360 SN - 978-3-86956-506-4 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Behrendt, Tom A1 - Bielitzki, Robert A1 - Behrens, Martin A1 - Herold, Fabian A1 - Schega, Lutz T1 - Effects of intermittent hypoxia-hyperoxia on performance- and health-related outcomes in humans BT - a systematic review JF - Sports medicine - open N2 - Background: Intermittent hypoxia applied at rest or in combination with exercise promotes multiple beneficial adaptations with regard to performance and health in humans. It was hypothesized that replacing normoxia by moderate hyperoxia can increase the adaptive response to the intermittent hypoxic stimulus. Objective: Our objective was to systematically review the current state of the literature on the effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia-hyperoxia (IHH) on performance- and health-related outcomes in humans. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science (TM), Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched in accordance with PRISMA guidelines (January 2000 to September 2021) using the following inclusion criteria: (1) original research articles involving humans, (2) investigation of the chronic effect of IHH, (3) inclusion of a control group being not exposed to IHH, and (4) articles published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. Results: Of 1085 articles initially found, eight studies were included. IHH was solely performed at rest in different populations including geriatric patients (n = 1), older patients with cardiovascular (n = 3) and metabolic disease (n = 2) or cognitive impairment (n = 1), and young athletes with overtraining syndrome (n = 1). The included studies confirmed the beneficial effects of chronic exposure to IHH, showing improvements in exercise tolerance, peak oxygen uptake, and global cognitive functions, as well as lowered blood glucose levels. A trend was discernible that chronic exposure to IHH can trigger a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The evidence of whether IHH exerts beneficial effects on blood lipid levels and haematological parameters is currently inconclusive. A meta-analysis was not possible because the reviewed studies had a considerable heterogeneity concerning the investigated populations and outcome parameters. Conclusion: Based on the published literature, it can be suggested that chronic exposure to IHH might be a promising non-pharmacological intervention strategy for improving peak oxygen consumption, exercise tolerance, and cognitive performance as well as reducing blood glucose levels, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in older patients with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases or cognitive impairment. However, further randomized controlled trials with adequate sample sizes are needed to confirm and extend the evidence. This systematic review was registered on the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO-ID: CRD42021281248) (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/). KW - hypoxic conditioning KW - cognitive impairment KW - metabolic disease KW - cardiovascular disease KW - geriatrics KW - therapy Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-022-00450-x SN - 2199-1170 SN - 2198-9761 VL - 8 IS - 1 PB - Springer CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Groh, Jannis A1 - Diamantopoulos, Efstathios A1 - Duan, Xiaohong A1 - Ewert, Frank A1 - Heinlein, Florian A1 - Herbst, Michael A1 - Holbak, Maja A1 - Kamali, Bahareh A1 - Kersebaum, Kurt-Christian A1 - Kuhnert, Matthias A1 - Nendel, Claas A1 - Priesack, Eckart A1 - Steidl, Jörg A1 - Sommer, Michael A1 - Pütz, Thomas A1 - Vanderborght, Jan A1 - Vereecken, Harry A1 - Wallor, Evelyn A1 - Weber, Tobias K. D. A1 - Wegehenkel, Martin A1 - Weihermüller, Lutz A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Same soil, different climate: Crop model intercomparison on translocated lysimeters JF - Vadose zone journal N2 - Crop model intercomparison studies have mostly focused on the assessment of predictive capabilities for crop development using weather and basic soil data from the same location. Still challenging is the model performance when considering complex interrelations between soil and crop dynamics under a changing climate. The objective of this study was to test the agronomic crop and environmental flux-related performance of a set of crop models. The aim was to predict weighing lysimeter-based crop (i.e., agronomic) and water-related flux or state data (i.e., environmental) obtained for the same soil monoliths that were taken from their original environment and translocated to regions with different climatic conditions, after model calibration at the original site. Eleven models were deployed in the study. The lysimeter data (2014-2018) were from the Dedelow (Dd), Bad Lauchstadt (BL), and Selhausen (Se) sites of the TERENO (TERrestrial ENvironmental Observatories) SOILCan network. Soil monoliths from Dd were transferred to the drier and warmer BL site and the wetter and warmer Se site, which allowed a comparison of similar soil and crop under varying climatic conditions. The model parameters were calibrated using an identical set of crop- and soil-related data from Dd. Environmental fluxes and crop growth of Dd soil were predicted for conditions at BL and Se sites using the calibrated models. The comparison of predicted and measured data of Dd lysimeters at BL and Se revealed differences among models. At site BL, the crop models predicted agronomic and environmental components similarly well. Model performance values indicate that the environmental components at site Se were better predicted than agronomic ones. The multi-model mean was for most observations the better predictor compared with those of individual models. For Se site conditions, crop models failed to predict site-specific crop development indicating that climatic conditions (i.e., heat stress) were outside the range of variation in the data sets considered for model calibration. For improving predictive ability of crop models (i.e., productivity and fluxes), more attention should be paid to soil-related data (i.e., water fluxes and system states) when simulating soil-crop-climate interrelations in changing climatic conditions. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20202 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 21 IS - 4 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER -