TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fernandez, Leigh
A1  - Höhle, Barbara
A1  - Brock, Jon
A1  - Nickels, Lyndsey
T1  - Investigating auditory processing of syntactic gaps with L2 speakers using pupillometry
JF  - Second language research
N2  - According to the Shallow Structure Hypothesis (SSH), second language (L2) speakers, unlike native speakers, build shallow syntactic representations during sentence processing. In order to test the SSH, this study investigated the processing of a syntactic movement in both native speakers of English and proficient late L2 speakers of English using pupillometry to measure processing cost. Of particular interest were constructions where movement resulted in an intermediate gap between clauses. Pupil diameter was recorded during auditory presentation of complex syntactic constructions. Two factors were manipulated: syntactic movement (such that some conditions contained movement while others did not), as well as syntactic movement type (either causing an intermediate gap or not). Grammaticality judgments revealed no differences between the two groups, suggesting both were capable of comprehending these constructions. Pupil change slope measurements revealed a potential sensitivity to intermediate gaps for only native speakers, however, both native and late L2 speakers showed similar facilitation during processing of the second gap site. Acoustic analysis revealed potential acoustic cues that may have facilitated the processing of these constructions. This suggests that, contrary to the predictions of the SSH, late L2 speakers are capable of constructing rich syntactic representations during the processing of intermediate gap constructions in spoken language.
KW  - filler gap dependency
KW  - intermediate gap
KW  - L2 sentence processing
KW  - pupillometry
KW  - shallow structure hypothesis
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0267658317722386
SN  - 0267-6583
SN  - 1477-0326
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
SP  - 201
EP  - 227
PB  - Sage Publ.
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Breakell Fernandez, Leigh
T1  - Investigating word order processing using pupillometry and event-related potentials
T1  - Untersuchung von Wortfolge-Verarbeitungen unter Verwendung von Pupillometrie und EEG
N2  - In this thesis sentence processing was investigated using a psychophysiological measure known as pupillometry as well as Event-Related Potentials (ERP). The scope of the the- sis was broad, investigating the processing of several different movement constructions with native speakers of English and second language learners of English, as well as word order and case marking in German speaking adults and children. Pupillometry and ERP allowed us to test competing linguistic theories and use novel methodologies to investigate the processing of word order. In doing so we also aimed to establish pupillometry as an effective way to investigate the processing of word order thus broadening the methodological spectrum.
N2  - Die Doktorarbeit befasste sich mit der Untersuchung von Satzverarbeitung mittels der psychophysiologischen Methode Pupillometrie sowie EEG .Sie umfasst die Untersuchung verschiedener syntaktischer Konstruktionen und Kasusmarkierungen, deren Verarbeitung bei Muttersprachlern und Zweitsprachenlernern des Englischen sowie deutschsprachigen Erwachsenen und Kindern getestet wurden. Pupillometrie und EEG machten es möglich, konkurrierende linguistische Theorien zu testen und neuartige Methodiken zur Untersuchung der Verarbeitung von Wortfolgen zu nutzen. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt bestand darin, Pupillometrie als effektive Art der Untersuchung von Wortfolge-Verarbeitungen zu etablieren und damit das methodologische Spektrum zu erweitern.
KW  - pupillometry
KW  - ERP
KW  - movement structures
KW  - L2
KW  - word order processing
KW  - child language processing
KW  - auditory sentence processing
KW  - Verarbeitung von Zweitsprachen
KW  - EEG
KW  - Verarbeitung von Wortfolgen
KW  - Pupillometrie
KW  - Eye-Tracking Satzverarbeitung
KW  - Sprachverarbeitung bei Kindern
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-91438
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Engelhardt, Paul E.
A1  - Fernandez, Leigh B.
T1  - Measures in sentence processing: eye tracking and pupillometry
T2  - Cognitive processing : international quarterly of cognitive science
Y1  - 2014
SN  - 1612-4782
SN  - 1612-4790
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
SP  - S15
EP  - S16
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  -