TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jost, Kerstin
A1  - Khader, Patrick H.
A1  - Düsel, Peter
A1  - Richter, Franziska R.
A1  - Rohde, Kristina B.
A1  - Bien, Siegfried
A1  - Rösler, Frank
T1  - Controlling conflict from interfering long-term memory representations
JF  - Journal of cognitive neuroscience
N2  - Remembering is more than an activation of a memory trace. As retrieval cues are often not uniquely related to one specific memory, cognitive control should come into play to guide selective memory retrieval by focusing on relevant while ignoring irrelevant information. Here, we investigated, by means of EEG and fMRI, how the memory system deals with retrieval interference arising when retrieval cues are associated with two material types (faces and spatial positions), but only one is task-relevant. The topography of slow EEG potentials and the fMRI BOLD signal in posterior storage areas indicated that in such situations not only the relevant but also the irrelevant material becomes activated. This results in retrieval interference that triggers control processes mediated by the medial and lateral PFC, which are presumably involved in biasing target representations by boosting the task-relevant material. Moreover, memory-based conflict was found to be dissociable from response conflict that arises when the relevant and irrelevant materials imply different responses. The two types of conflict show different activations in the medial frontal cortex, supporting the claim of domain-specific prefrontal control systems.
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 0898-929X
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
SP  - 1173
EP  - 1190
PB  - MIT Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Smolka, Eva
A1  - Khader, Patrick H.
A1  - Wiese, Richard
A1  - Zwitserlood, Pienie
A1  - Rösler, Frank
T1  - Electrophysiological Evidence for the Continuous Processing of Linguistic Categories of Regular and Irregular Verb Inflection in German
JF  - Journal of cognitive neuroscience
N2  - A central question concerning word recognition is whether linguistic categories are processed in continuous or categorical ways, in particular, whether regular and irregular inflection is stored and processed by the same or by distinct systems. Here, we contribute to this issue by contrasting regular (regular stem, regular suffix) with semi-irregular (regular stem, irregular suffix) and irregular (irregular stem, irregular suffix) participle formation in a visual priming experiment on German verb inflection. We measured ERPs and RTs and manipulated the inflectional and meaning relatedness between primes and targets. Inflected verb targets (e. g., leite, "head") were preceded either by themselves, by their participle (geleitet, "headed"), by a semantically related verb in the same inflection as the target (fuhre, "guide") or in the participle form (gefuhrt, "guided"), or by an unrelated verb in the same inflection (nenne, "name"). Results showed that behavioral and ERP priming effects were gradually affected by verb regularity. Regular participles produced a widely distributed frontal and parietal effect, irregular participles produced a small left parietal effect, and semi-irregular participles yielded an effect in-between these two in terms of amplitude and topography. The behavioral and ERP effects further showed that the priming because of participles differs from that because of semantic associates for all verb types. These findings argue for a single processing system that generates participle priming effects for regular, semi-irregular, and irregular verb inflection. Together, the findings provide evidence that the linguistic categories of verb inflection are processed continuously. We present a single-system model that can adequately account for such graded effects.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00384
SN  - 0898-929X
VL  - 25
IS  - 8
SP  - 1284
EP  - 1304
PB  - MIT Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  -