TY - JOUR A1 - Schiffers, Katja A1 - Schurr, Frank Martin A1 - Tielbörger, Katja A1 - Urbach, Carsten A1 - Moloney, Kirk A. A1 - Jeltsch, Florian T1 - Dealing with virtual aggregation : a new index for analysing heterogeneous point patterns Y1 - 2008 UR - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117966123/home U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-7590.2008.05374.x SN - 0906-7590 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jeltsch, Florian A1 - Blaum, Niels A1 - Brose, Ulrich A1 - Chipperfield, Joseph D. A1 - Clough, Yann A1 - Farwig, Nina A1 - Geissler, Katja A1 - Graham, Catherine H. A1 - Grimm, Volker A1 - Hickler, Thomas A1 - Huth, Andreas A1 - May, Felix A1 - Meyer, Katrin M. A1 - Pagel, Jörn A1 - Reineking, Björn A1 - Rillig, Matthias C. A1 - Shea, Katriona A1 - Schurr, Frank Martin A1 - Schroeder, Boris A1 - Tielbörger, Katja A1 - Weiss, Lina A1 - Wiegand, Kerstin A1 - Wiegand, Thorsten A1 - Wirth, Christian A1 - Zurell, Damaris T1 - How can we bring together empiricists and modellers in functional biodiversity research? JF - Basic and applied ecology : Journal of the Gesellschaft für Ökologie N2 - Improving our understanding of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning and our capacity to inform ecosystem management requires an integrated framework for functional biodiversity research (FBR). However, adequate integration among empirical approaches (monitoring and experimental) and modelling has rarely been achieved in FBR. We offer an appraisal of the issues involved and chart a course towards enhanced integration. A major element of this path is the joint orientation towards the continuous refinement of a theoretical framework for FBR that links theory testing and generalization with applied research oriented towards the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We further emphasize existing decision-making frameworks as suitable instruments to practically merge these different aims of FBR and bring them into application. This integrated framework requires joint research planning, and should improve communication and stimulate collaboration between modellers and empiricists, thereby overcoming existing reservations and prejudices. The implementation of this integrative research agenda for FBR requires an adaptation in most national and international funding schemes in order to accommodate such joint teams and their more complex structures and data needs. KW - Biodiversity theory KW - Biodiversity experiments KW - Conservation management KW - Decision-making KW - Ecosystem functions and services KW - Forecasting KW - Functional traits KW - Global change KW - Monitoring programmes KW - Interdisciplinarity Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2013.01.001 SN - 1439-1791 VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 93 EP - 101 PB - Elsevier CY - Jena ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Katja A1 - Walz, Ariane A1 - Martin-Lopez, Berta A1 - Sachse, Rene T1 - Testing socio-cultural valuation methods of ecosystem services to explain land use preferences JF - Ecosystem Services : Science, Policy and Practice N2 - Socio-cultural valuation still emerges as a methodological field in ecosystem service (ES) research and until now lacks consistent formalisation and balanced application in ES assessments. In this study, we examine the explanatory value of ES values for land use preferences. We use 563 responses to a survey about the Pentland Hills regional park in Scotland. Specifically, we aim to (1) identify clusters of land use preferences by using a novel visualisation tool, (2) test if socio-cultural values of ESs or (3) user characteristics are linked with land use preferences, and (4) determine whether both socio-cultural values of ESs and user characteristics can predict land use preferences. Our results suggest that there are five groups of people with different land use preferences, ranging from forest and nature enthusiasts to traditionalists, multi-functionalists and recreation seekers. Rating and weighting of ESs and user characteristics were associated with different clusters. Neither socio-cultural values nor user characteristics were suitable predictors for land use preferences. While several studies have explored land use preferences by identifying socio-cultural values in the past, our findings imply that in this case study ES values inform about general perceptions but do not replace the assessment of land use preferences. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. KW - Non-monetary valuation KW - Values KW - Visitors KW - Landscape visualisation KW - Visualisation tool Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.07.001 SN - 2212-0416 VL - 26 SP - 270 EP - 288 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Plath, Martin A1 - Kromuszczynski, Katja A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Audience effect alters male but not female mating preferences N2 - Males often face strong mating competition by neighboring males in their social environment. A recent study by Plath et al. (Anim Behav 75:21-29, 2008a) has demonstrated that the visual presence of a male competitor (i.e., an audience male) affects the expression of male mating preferences in a poeciliid fish (Poecilia mexicana) with a weaker expression of mating preferences when an audience male observed the focal male. This may be a tactic to reduce sperm competition, since surrounding males likely share intrinsic preferences for female traits or copy mate choice decisions. Here, we examined the hypothesis that a same-sex audience would affect female mate preferences less than male mating preferences. Our hypothesis was based on the assumptions that (1) competition for mates in a fashion that would be comparable in strength to sperm competition or overt male-male aggression is absent among Poecilia females, and (2) P. mexicana females typically form female-biased shoals, such that almost any female mate choice in nature occurs in front of a female audience. Poecilia females (P. mexicana, surface and cave form, and the closely related gynogenetic Poecilia formosa) were given a choice between a large and a small male, and the tests were repeated while a conspecific, a heterospecific, or no audience female (control) was presented. Females spent more time in the neutral zone and, thus, less time near the males during the second part of a trial when an audience was presented, but-consistent with predictions-females showed only slightly weaker expression of mate preferences during the second part of the tests. This decline was not specific to the treatment involving an audience and was significantly weaker than the effect seen in the male sex. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100464 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-008-0672-7 SN - 0340-5443 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Schneider, Anja R. R. A1 - Havenstein, Katja A1 - Blanck, Torsten A1 - Meier, Elmar A1 - Raffel, Martina A1 - Zwartepoorte, Henk A1 - Plath, Martin T1 - New microsatellite markers allow high-resolution taxon delimitation in critically endangered Asian box turtles, genus Cuora JF - Salamandra : German journal of herpetology N2 - We isolated and characterized 16 new di- and tetranudeotide microsatellite markers for the critically endangered Asian box turtle genus Cuora, focusing on the "Cuora trifasciata" species complex. The new markers were then used to analyse genetic variability and divergence amongst five described species within this complex, namely C. aurocapitata (n = 18), C. cyclornata (n = 31), C. pani (n = 6), C. trifasciata (n = 58), and C. zhoui (n = 7). Our results support the view that all five species represent valid taxa. Within two species (C. trifasciata and C. cyclornata), two distinct morphotypes were corroborated by microsatellite divergence. For three individuals, morphologically identified as being of hybrid origin, the hybrid status was confirmed by our genetic analysis. Our results confirm the controversial species (Cuora aurocapitata, C. cyclornata) and subspecies/morphotypes (C. cyclornata meieri, C. trifasciata cf. trifasciata) to be genetically distinct, which has critical implications for conservation strategies. KW - Testudines KW - Cuora KW - box turtles KW - captive breeding KW - conservation units KW - microsatellites Y1 - 2014 SN - 0036-3375 VL - 50 IS - 3 SP - 139 EP - 146 PB - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Herpetologie und Terrarienkunde CY - Darmstadt ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köchy, Martin A1 - Tielbörger, Katja T1 - Hydrothermal time model of germination : parameters for 36 Mediterranean annual species based on a simplified approach N2 - Germination rates and germination fractions of seeds can be predicted well by the hydrothermal time (HTT) model. Its four parameters hydrothermal time, minimum soil temperature, minimum soil moisture, and variation of minimum soil moisture, however, must be determined by lengthy germination experiments at combinations of several levels of soil temperature and moisture. For some applications of the HTT model it is more important to have approximate estimates for many species rather than exact values for only a few species. We suggest that minimum temperature and variation of minimum moisture can be estimated from literature data and expert knowledge. This allows to derive hydrothermal time and minimum moisture from existing data from germination experiments with one level of temperature and moisture. We applied our approach to a germination experiment comparing germination fractions of wild annual species along an aridity gradient in Israel. Using this simplified approach we estimated hydrothermal time and minimum moisture of 36 species. Comparison with exact data for three species shows that our method is a simple but effective method for obtaining parameters for the HTT model. Hydrothermal time and minimum moisture supposedly indicate climate related germination strategies. We tested whether these two parameters varied with the climate at the site where the seeds had been collected. We found no consistent variation with climate across species, suggesting that variation is more strongly controlled by site-specific factors.Abstract auch auf deutsch vorhanden:Keimungsgeschwindigkeit und Anteil gekeimter Samen lassen sich gut mit dem Hydrothermalzeit-Modell bestimmen. Dessen vier Parameter Hydrothermalzeit, Mindesttemperatur, Mindestbodenfeuchte und Streuung der Mindestbodenfeuchte müssen jedoch durch aufwendige Keimungsversuche bei Kombinationen von mehreren Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitsstufen bestimmt werden. Für manche Anwendungen des Hydrothermalzeit-Modells sind aber ungefähre Werte für viele Arten wichtiger als genaue Werte für wenige Arten. Wenn die Mindesttemperatur und die Streuung der Mindestfeuchte aus Veröffentlichungen und Expertenwissen geschätzt würde, können die Hydrothermalzeit und Mindestbodenfeuchte aus vorhandenen Daten von Keimungsversuchen mit nur einer Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitsstufe berechnet werden. Wir haben unseren Ansatz auf einen Keimungsversuch zum Vergleich der Keimungsquote wilder einjähriger Arten entlang eines Trockenheitsgradienten in Israel angewendet. Mit diesem Ansatz bestimmten wir die Hydrothermalzeit und Mindestfeuchtigkeit von 36 Arten. Der Vergleich mit genauen Werten für drei Arten zeigt, dass mit unserem Ansatz Hydrothermalzeit-Parameter einfach und effektiv bestimmt werden können. Hydrothermalzeit und Mindestfeuchtigkeit sollten auch bestimmte klimabedingte Keimungsstrategien anzeigen. Deshalb testeten wir, ob diese zwei Parameter mit dem Klima am Ursprungsort der Samen zusammenhängen. Wir fanden jedoch keinen für alle Arten übereinstimmenden Zusammenhang, so dass die Unterschiede vermutlich stärker durch standörtliche als durch klimatische Ursachen hervorgerufen werden. Y1 - 2007 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/14391791 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2006.04.002 SN - 1439-1791 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Plath, Martin A1 - Seggel, Uta A1 - Burmeister, Heike A1 - Heubel, Katja U. A1 - Schlupp, Ingo T1 - Choosy males from the underground : male mating preferences in surface- and cave-dwelling Atlantic mollies (Poecilia mexicana) N2 - Atlantic mollies (Poecilia mexicana) inhabit a variety of surface habitats, but they also occur in a sulfur cave in southern Mexico. We examined male mate choice relative to female body size in the cave population and in the most closely related surface-dwelling population from a nearby river. Males from both populations were either light- or dark-reared and could choose between two differently sized females either on the basis of visual cues in light or on the basis of solely nonvisual cues in darkness. Sexual preferences were estimated from the degree of association. Cave molly males always showed a preference for the larger female, both in light and in darkness. Among the surface males, only light-reared males showed a preference in the visual cues test, but not in darkness. In a control experiment, we demonstrated that male association preferences directly translate into actual mating preferences. Apparently, using visual cues for mate choice is the ancestral state in this system, and using nonvisual cues has evolved as a novel trait in the cave population. We discuss the evolution of nonvisual male mate choice in the context of changed environmental conditions, namely the absence of light, hypoxia, and toxic hydrogen sulfide in the cave Y1 - 2006 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100479 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-005-0072-z ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Hohm, E. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Becker, Katja T1 - Association between ADHD and smoking in adolescence : shared genetic, environmental and psychopathological factors N2 - The present study aimed to examine the extent to which the co-occurrence of ADHD and smoking in adolescents could be attributed to common genetic, environmental and psychopathological factors. Data are from an ongoing prospective study of the outcome of early risk factors. At age 15 years, 305 adolescents completed self-report questionnaires measuring tobacco consumption and deviant peer affiliations. Lifetime psychiatric diagnoses were obtained using standardized interviews. DNA was genotyped for the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene exon III polymorphism. Adolescents with a lifetime diagnosis of ADHD displayed significantly higher smoking activity than non-ADHD controls. A major component of this association could be accounted for by deviant peer affiliations and the comorbidity with oppositional-defiant and conduct disorder, while a minor part was attributable to DRD4 in males but not in females. These findings suggest that the association of ADHD with smoking relies on risk factors shared by the two behaviors. Y1 - 2007 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101493 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-007-0703-y SN - 0300-9564 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köchy, Martin A1 - Tielbörger, Katja T1 - Hydrothermal time model of germination : parameters for 36 Mediterranean annual species based on a simplified approach N2 - Germination rates and germination fractions of seeds can be predicted well by the hydrothermal time (HTT) model. Its four parameters hydrothermal time, minimum soil temperature, minimum soil moisture, and variation of minimum soil moisture, however, must be determined by lengthy germination experiments at combinations of several levels of soil temperature and moisture. For some applications of the HTT model it is more important to have approximate estimates for many species rather than exact values for only a few species. We suggest that minimum temperature and variation of minimum moisture can be estimated from literature data and expert knowledge. This allows to derive hydrothermal time and minimum moisture from existing data from germination experiments with one level of temperature and moisture. We applied our approach to a germination experiment comparing germination fractions of wild annual species along an aridity gradient in Israel. Using this simplified approach we estimated hydrothermal time and minimum moisture of 36 species. Comparison with exact data for three species shows that our method is a simple but effective method for obtaining parameters for the HTT model. Hydrothermal time and minimum moisture supposedly indicate climate related germination strategies. We tested whether these two parameters varied with the climate at the site where the seeds had been collected. We found no consistent variation with climate across species, suggesting that variation is more strongly controlled by site-specific factors. N2 - Keimungsgeschwindigkeit und Anteil gekeimter Samen lassen sich gut mit dem Hydrothermalzeit-Modell bestimmen. Dessen vier Parameter Hydrothermalzeit, Mindesttemperatur, Mindestbodenfeuchte und Streuung der Mindestbodenfeuchte müssen jedoch durch aufwendige Keimungsversuche bei Kombinationen von mehreren Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitsstufen bestimmt werden. Für manche Anwendungen des Hydrothermalzeit-Modells sind aber ungefähre Werte für viele Arten wichtiger als genaue Werte für wenige Arten. Wenn die Mindesttemperatur und die Streuung der Mindestfeuchte aus Veröffentlichungen und Expertenwissen geschätzt würde, können die Hydrothermalzeit und Mindestbodenfeuchte aus vorhandenen Daten von Keimungsversuchen mit nur einer Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitsstufe berechnet werden. Wir haben unseren Ansatz auf einen Keimungsversuch zum Vergleich der Keimungsquote wilder einjähriger Arten entlang eines Trockenheitsgradienten in Israel angewendet. Mit diesem Ansatz bestimmten wir die Hydrothermalzeit und Mindestfeuchtigkeit von 36 Arten. Der Vergleich mit genauen Werten für drei Arten zeigt, dass mit unserem Ansatz Hydrothermalzeit-Parameter einfach und effektiv bestimmt werden können. Hydrothermalzeit und Mindestfeuchtigkeit sollten auch bestimmte klimabedingte Keimungsstrategien anzeigen. Deshalb testeten wir, ob diese zwei Parameter mit dem Klima am Ursprungsort der Samen zusammenhängen. Wir fanden jedoch keinen für alle Arten übereinstimmenden Zusammenhang, so dass die Unterschiede vermutlich stärker durch standörtliche als durch klimatische Ursachen hervorgerufen werden. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 022 KW - Keimungsrate KW - Dormanz KW - Hydrothermalzeit-Modell KW - einjährige Pflanzen KW - Mittelmeerraum KW - germination rate KW - dormancy KW - hydrothermal time model KW - annual plant species KW - Mediterranean Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-12406 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bringmann, Gerhard A1 - Mutanyatta-Comar, Joan A1 - Maksimenka, Katja A1 - Wanjohi, John M. A1 - Heydenreich, Matthias A1 - Brun, Reto A1 - Müller, Werner E. G. A1 - Peter, Martin A1 - Midiwo, Jacob O. A1 - Yenesew, Abiy T1 - Joziknipholones A and B : the First Dimeric Phenylanthraquinones, from the Roots of Bulbine frutescens N2 - From the roots of the African plant Bulbine frutescens (Asphodelaceae), two unprecedented novel dimeric phenylanthraquinones, named joziknipholones A and B, possessing axial and centrochirality, were isolated, together with six known compounds. Structural elucidation of the new metabolites was achieved by spectroscopic and chiroptical methods, by reductive cleavage of the central bond between the monomeric phenylanthraquinone and -anthrone portions with sodium dithionite, and by quantum chemical CD calculations. Based on the recently revised absolute axial configuration of the parent phenylanthraquinones, knipholone and knipholone anthrone, the new dimers were attributed to possess the P-configuration (i.e., with the acetyl portions below the anthraquinone plane) at both axes in the case of joziknipholone A, whereas in joziknipholone B, the knipholone part was found to be M-configured. Joziknipholones A and B are active against the chloroquine resistant strain K1 of the malaria pathogen, Plasmodium falciparum, and show moderate activity against murine leukemic lymphoma L5178y cells. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 104 KW - antimalarial activity KW - chirality KW - joziknipholones KW - natural products KW - structure elucidation Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42638 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kolora, Sree Rohit Raj A1 - Weigert, Anne A1 - Saffari, Amin A1 - Kehr, Stephanie A1 - Walter Costa, Maria Beatriz A1 - Spröer, Cathrin A1 - Indrischek, Henrike A1 - Chintalapati, Manjusha A1 - Lohse, Konrad A1 - Doose, Gero A1 - Overmann, Jörg A1 - Bunk, Boyke A1 - Bleidorn, Christoph A1 - Grimm-Seyfarth, Annegret A1 - Henle, Klaus A1 - Nowick, Katja A1 - Faria, Rui A1 - Stadler, Peter F. A1 - Schlegel, Martin T1 - Divergent evolution in the genomes of closely related lacertids, Lacerta viridis and L. bilineata, and implications for speciation JF - GigaScience N2 - Background Lacerta viridis and Lacerta bilineata are sister species of European green lizards (eastern and western clades, respectively) that, until recently, were grouped together as the L. viridis complex. Genetic incompatibilities were observed between lacertid populations through crossing experiments, which led to the delineation of two separate species within the L. viridis complex. The population history of these sister species and processes driving divergence are unknown. We constructed the first high-quality de novo genome assemblies for both L. viridis and L. bilineata through Illumina and PacBio sequencing, with annotation support provided from transcriptome sequencing of several tissues. To estimate gene flow between the two species and identify factors involved in reproductive isolation, we studied their evolutionary history, identified genomic rearrangements, detected signatures of selection on non-coding RNA, and on protein-coding genes. Findings Here we show that gene flow was primarily unidirectional from L. bilineata to L. viridis after their split at least 1.15 million years ago. We detected positive selection of the non-coding repertoire; mutations in transcription factors; accumulation of divergence through inversions; selection on genes involved in neural development, reproduction, and behavior, as well as in ultraviolet-response, possibly driven by sexual selection, whose contribution to reproductive isolation between these lacertid species needs to be further evaluated. Conclusion The combination of short and long sequence reads resulted in one of the most complete lizard genome assemblies. The characterization of a diverse array of genomic features provided valuable insights into the demographic history of divergence among European green lizards, as well as key species differences, some of which are candidates that could have played a role in speciation. In addition, our study generated valuable genomic resources that can be used to address conservation-related issues in lacertids. KW - sister species KW - PacBio and Illumina KW - de novo hybrid assembly KW - transcripts KW - noncoding RNA KW - zinc fingers KW - positive selection KW - UV response KW - inversions KW - gene flow Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giy160 SN - 2047-217X VL - 8 IS - 2 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Middeldorp, Christel M. A1 - Mahajan, Anubha A1 - Horikoshi, Momoko A1 - Robertson, Neil R. A1 - Beaumont, Robin N. A1 - Bradfield, Jonathan P. A1 - Bustamante, Mariona A1 - Cousminer, Diana L. A1 - Day, Felix R. A1 - De Silva, N. Maneka A1 - Guxens, Monica A1 - Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. A1 - St Pourcain, Beate A1 - Warrington, Nicole M. A1 - Adair, Linda S. A1 - Ahlqvist, Emma A1 - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer Singh A1 - Almgren, Peter A1 - Ang, Wei A1 - Atalay, Mustafa A1 - Auvinen, Juha A1 - Bartels, Meike A1 - Beckmann, Jacques S. A1 - Bilbao, Jose Ramon A1 - Bond, Tom A1 - Borja, Judith B. A1 - Cavadino, Alana A1 - Charoen, Pimphen A1 - Chen, Zhanghua A1 - Coin, Lachlan A1 - Cooper, Cyrus A1 - Curtin, John A. A1 - Custovic, Adnan A1 - Das, Shikta A1 - Davies, Gareth E. A1 - Dedoussis, George V. A1 - Duijts, Liesbeth A1 - Eastwood, Peter R. A1 - Eliasen, Anders U. A1 - Elliott, Paul A1 - Eriksson, Johan G. A1 - Estivill, Xavier A1 - Fadista, Joao A1 - Fedko, Iryna O. A1 - Frayling, Timothy M. A1 - Gaillard, Romy A1 - Gauderman, W. James A1 - Geller, Frank A1 - Gilliland, Frank A1 - Gilsanz, Vincente A1 - Granell, Raquel A1 - Grarup, Niels A1 - Groop, Leif A1 - Hadley, Dexter A1 - Hakonarson, Hakon A1 - Hansen, Torben A1 - Hartman, Catharina A. A1 - Hattersley, Andrew T. A1 - Hayes, M. Geoffrey A1 - Hebebrand, Johannes A1 - Heinrich, Joachim A1 - Helgeland, Oyvind A1 - Henders, Anjali K. A1 - Henderson, John A1 - Henriksen, Tine B. A1 - Hirschhorn, Joel N. A1 - Hivert, Marie-France A1 - Hocher, Berthold A1 - Holloway, John W. A1 - Holt, Patrick A1 - Hottenga, Jouke-Jan A1 - Hypponen, Elina A1 - Iniguez, Carmen A1 - Johansson, Stefan A1 - Jugessur, Astanand A1 - Kahonen, Mika A1 - Kalkwarf, Heidi J. A1 - Kaprio, Jaakko A1 - Karhunen, Ville A1 - Kemp, John P. A1 - Kerkhof, Marjan A1 - Koppelman, Gerard H. A1 - Korner, Antje A1 - Kotecha, Sailesh A1 - Kreiner-Moller, Eskil A1 - Kulohoma, Benard A1 - Kumar, Ashish A1 - Kutalik, Zoltan A1 - Lahti, Jari A1 - Lappe, Joan M. A1 - Larsson, Henrik A1 - Lehtimaki, Terho A1 - Lewin, Alexandra M. A1 - Li, Jin A1 - Lichtenstein, Paul A1 - Lindgren, Cecilia M. A1 - Lindi, Virpi A1 - Linneberg, Allan A1 - Liu, Xueping A1 - Liu, Jun A1 - Lowe, William L. A1 - Lundstrom, Sebastian A1 - Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka A1 - Ma, Ronald C. W. A1 - Mace, Aurelien A1 - Magi, Reedik A1 - Magnus, Per A1 - Mamun, Abdullah A. A1 - Mannikko, Minna A1 - Martin, Nicholas G. A1 - Mbarek, Hamdi A1 - McCarthy, Nina S. A1 - Medland, Sarah E. A1 - Melbye, Mads A1 - Melen, Erik A1 - Mohlke, Karen L. A1 - Monnereau, Claire A1 - Morgen, Camilla S. A1 - Morris, Andrew P. A1 - Murray, Jeffrey C. A1 - Myhre, Ronny A1 - Najman, Jackob M. A1 - Nivard, Michel G. A1 - Nohr, Ellen A. A1 - Nolte, Ilja M. A1 - Ntalla, Ioanna A1 - Oberfield, Sharon E. A1 - Oken, Emily A1 - Oldehinkel, Albertine J. A1 - Pahkala, Katja A1 - Palviainen, Teemu A1 - Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope A1 - Pedersen, Oluf A1 - Pennell, Craig E. A1 - Pershagen, Goran A1 - Pitkanen, Niina A1 - Plomin, Robert A1 - Power, Christine A1 - Prasad, Rashmi B. A1 - Prokopenko, Inga A1 - Pulkkinen, Lea A1 - Raikkonen, Katri A1 - Raitakari, Olli T. A1 - Reynolds, Rebecca M. A1 - Richmond, Rebecca C. A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando A1 - Rodriguez, Alina A1 - Rose, Richard J. A1 - Salem, Rany A1 - Santa-Marina, Loreto A1 - Saw, Seang-Mei A1 - Schnurr, Theresia M. A1 - Scott, James G. A1 - Selzam, Saskia A1 - Shepherd, John A. A1 - Simpson, Angela A1 - Skotte, Line A1 - Sleiman, Patrick M. A. A1 - Snieder, Harold A1 - Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. A1 - Standl, Marie A1 - Steegers, Eric A. P. A1 - Strachan, David P. A1 - Straker, Leon A1 - Strandberg, Timo A1 - Taylor, Michelle A1 - Teo, Yik-Ying A1 - Thiering, Elisabeth A1 - Torrent, Maties A1 - Tyrrell, Jessica A1 - Uitterlinden, Andre G. A1 - van Beijsterveldt, Toos A1 - van der Most, Peter J. A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M. A1 - Viikari, Jorma A1 - Vilor-Tejedor, Natalia A1 - Vogelezang, Suzanne A1 - Vonk, Judith M. A1 - Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M. A1 - Vuoksimaa, Eero A1 - Wang, Carol A. A1 - Watkins, William J. A1 - Wichmann, H-Erich A1 - Willemsen, Gonneke A1 - Williams, Gail M. A1 - Wilson, James F. A1 - Wray, Naomi R. A1 - Xu, Shujing A1 - Xu, Cheng-Jian A1 - Yaghootkar, Hanieh A1 - Yi, Lu A1 - Zafarmand, Mohammad Hadi A1 - Zeggini, Eleftheria A1 - Zemel, Babette S. A1 - Hinney, Anke A1 - Lakka, Timo A. A1 - Whitehouse, Andrew J. O. A1 - Sunyer, Jordi A1 - Widen, Elisabeth E. A1 - Feenstra, Bjarke A1 - Sebert, Sylvain A1 - Jacobsson, Bo A1 - Njolstad, Pal R. A1 - Stoltenberg, Camilla A1 - Smith, George Davey A1 - Lawlor, Debbie A. A1 - Paternoster, Lavinia A1 - Timpson, Nicholas J. A1 - Ong, Ken K. A1 - Bisgaard, Hans A1 - Bonnelykke, Klaus A1 - Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. A1 - Tiemeier, Henning A1 - Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta A1 - Evans, David M. A1 - Perry, John R. B. A1 - Grant, Struan F. A. A1 - Boomsma, Dorret I. A1 - Freathy, Rachel M. A1 - McCarthy, Mark I. A1 - Felix, Janine F. T1 - The Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia BT - design, results and future prospects JF - European journal of epidemiology N2 - The impact of many unfavorable childhood traits or diseases, such as low birth weight and mental disorders, is not limited to childhood and adolescence, as they are also associated with poor outcomes in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease. Insight into the genetic etiology of childhood and adolescent traits and disorders may therefore provide new perspectives, not only on how to improve wellbeing during childhood, but also how to prevent later adverse outcomes. To achieve the sample sizes required for genetic research, the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia were established. The majority of the participating cohorts are longitudinal population-based samples, but other cohorts with data on early childhood phenotypes are also involved. Cohorts often have a broad focus and collect(ed) data on various somatic and psychiatric traits as well as environmental factors. Genetic variants have been successfully identified for multiple traits, for example, birth weight, atopic dermatitis, childhood BMI, allergic sensitization, and pubertal growth. Furthermore, the results have shown that genetic factors also partly underlie the association with adult traits. As sample sizes are still increasing, it is expected that future analyses will identify additional variants. This, in combination with the development of innovative statistical methods, will provide detailed insight on the mechanisms underlying the transition from childhood to adult disorders. Both consortia welcome new collaborations. Policies and contact details are available from the corresponding authors of this manuscript and/or the consortium websites. KW - Genetics KW - Consortium KW - Childhood traits and disorders KW - Longitudinal Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-019-00502-9 SN - 0393-2990 SN - 1573-7284 VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 279 EP - 300 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Katja A1 - Martin-Lopez, Berta A1 - Phillips, Peter M. A1 - Julius, Eike A1 - Makan, Neville A1 - Walz, Ariane T1 - Key landscape features in the provision of ecosystem services BT - Insights for management JF - Land use policy N2 - Whereas ecosystem service research is increasingly being promoted in science and policy, the utilisation of ecosystem services knowledge remains largely underexplored for regional ecosystem management. To overcome the mere generation of knowledge and contribute to decision-making, scientists are facing the challenge of articulating specific implications of the ecosystem service approach for practical land use management. In this contribution, we compare the results of participatory mapping of ecosystem services with the existing management plan for the Pentland Hills Regional Park (Scotland, UK) to inform its future management plan. By conducting participatory mapping in a workshop with key stakeholders (n = 20), we identify hotspots of ecosystem services and the landscape features underpinning such hotspots. We then analyse to what extent these landscape features are the focus of the current management plan. We found a clear mismatch between the key landscape features underpinning the provision of ecosystem services and the management strategy suggested. Our findings allow for a better understanding of the required focus of future land use management to account for ecosystem services. KW - Participatory mapping KW - PPGIS KW - Landscape features KW - Content analysis KW - Land use management KW - Operationalisation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.12.022 SN - 0264-8377 SN - 1873-5754 VL - 82 SP - 353 EP - 366 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bringmann, Gerhard A1 - Mutanyatta-Comar, Joan A1 - Maksimenka, Katja A1 - Wanjohi, John M. A1 - Heydenreich, Matthias A1 - Brun, Reto A1 - Müller, Werner E. G. A1 - Peter, Martin G. A1 - Midiwo, Jacob O. A1 - Yenesew, Abiy T1 - Joziknipholones A and B : the first dimeric phenylanthraquinones, from the roots of Bulbine frutescens N2 - From the roots of the African plant Bulbine frutescens (Asphodelaceae), two unprecedented novel dimeric phenylanthraquinones, named joziknipholones A and B, possessing axial and centrochirality, were isolated, together with six known compounds. Structural elucidation of the new metabolites was achieved by spectroscopic and chiroptical methods, by reductive cleavage of the central bond between the monomeric phenylanthraquinone and -anthrone portions with sodium dithionite, and by quantum chemical CD calculations. Based on the recently revised absolute axial configuration of the parent phenylanthraquinones, knipholone and knipholone anthrone, the new dimers were attributed to possess the P- configuration (i.e., with the acetyl portions below the anthraquinone plane) at both axes in the case of joziknipholone A, whereas in joziknipholone B, the knipholone part was found to be M-configured. Joziknipholones A and B are active against the chloroquine resistant strain K1 of the malaria pathogen, Plasmodium falciparum, and show moderate activity against murine leukemic lymphoma L5178y cells. Y1 - 2008 UR - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/26293/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 SN - 0947-6539 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarte, Sandra A1 - Wegner, Fanny A1 - Havenstein, Katja A1 - Groth, Detlef A1 - Steup, Martin A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Sequence variation, differential expression, and divergent evolution in starch-related genes among accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana JF - Plant molecular biology : an international journal of fundamental research and genetic engineering N2 - Transitory starch metabolism is a nonlinear and highly regulated process. It originated very early in the evolution of chloroplast-containing cells and is largely based on a mosaic of genes derived from either the eukaryotic host cell or the prokaryotic endosymbiont. Initially located in the cytoplasm, starch metabolism was rewired into plastids in Chloroplastida. Relocation was accompanied by gene duplications that occurred in most starch-related gene families and resulted in subfunctionalization of the respective gene products. Starch-related isozymes were then evolutionary conserved by constraints such as internal starch structure, posttranslational protein import into plastids and interactions with other starch-related proteins. 25 starch-related genes in 26 accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana were sequenced to assess intraspecific diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and modes of selection. Furthermore, sequences derived from additional 80 accessions that are publicly available were analyzed. Diversity varies significantly among the starch-related genes. Starch synthases and phosphorylases exhibit highest nucleotide diversities, while pyrophosphatases and debranching enzymes are most conserved. The gene trees are most compatible with a scenario of extensive recombination, perhaps in a Pleistocene refugium. Most genes are under purifying selection, but disruptive selection was inferred for a few genes/substitutiones. To study transcript levels, leaves were harvested throughout the light period. By quantifying the transcript levels and by analyzing the sequence of the respective accessions, we were able to estimate whether transcript levels are mainly determined by genetic (i.e., accession dependent) or physiological (i.e., time dependent) parameters. We also identified polymorphic sites that putatively affect pattern or the level of transcripts. KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Divergent evolution KW - Intraspecific genetic variation KW - Positive selection KW - Starch metabolizing enzymes KW - Transcript levels Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-015-0293-2 SN - 0167-4412 SN - 1573-5028 VL - 87 IS - 4-5 SP - 489 EP - 519 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlör, Anja A1 - Holzlöhner, Pamela A1 - Listek, Martin A1 - Grieß, Cindy A1 - Butze, Monique A1 - Micheel, Burkhard A1 - Hentschel, Christian A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Füner, Jonas A1 - Schliebs, Erik A1 - Goihl, Alexander A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Hanack, Katja T1 - Generation and validation of murine monoclonal and camelid recombinant single domain antibodies specific for human pancreatic glycoprotein 2 JF - New biotechnology N2 - Pancreatic secretory zymogen-granule membrane glycoprotein 2 (GP2) has been identified as a major autoantigenic target in Crohn’s disease patients. It was reported recently that a long (GP2a) and a short (GP2b) isoform of GP2 exist and that in the outcome of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) GP2-specific autoantibodies probably appear as new serological markers for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. To investigate this further and in order to establish diagnostic tools for the discrimination of both GP2 isoforms, a set of different murine monoclonal and camelid recombinant single domain antibodies (camelid VHH) was generated and validated in various enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) formats, immunofluorescence on transgenic cell lines and immunohistochemistry on monkey pancreas tissue sections. Out of six binders identified, one was validated as highly specific for GP2a. This murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) was used as capture antibody in construction of a sandwich ELISA for the detection of GP2a. Camelid VHHs or a second murine mAb served as detection antibodies in this system. All antibodies were also able to stain GP2a or GP2b on transgenic cell lines as well as on pancreatic tissue in immunohistochemistry. The KD values measured for the camelid VHHs were between 7 nM and 23pM. This set of specific binders will enable the development of suitable diagnostic tools for GP2-related studies in IBD. KW - glycoprotein GP2 KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Camelid single domain antibodies Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2018.03.006 SN - 1871-6784 SN - 1876-4347 VL - 45 SP - 60 EP - 68 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koenig, Julian A1 - Abler, Birgit A1 - Agartz, Ingrid A1 - akerstedt, Torbjorn A1 - Andreassen, Ole A. A1 - Anthony, Mia A1 - Baer, Karl-Juergen A1 - Bertsch, Katja A1 - Brown, Rebecca C. A1 - Brunner, Romuald A1 - Carnevali, Luca A1 - Critchley, Hugo D. A1 - Cullen, Kathryn R. A1 - de Geus, Eco J. C. A1 - de la Cruz, Feliberto A1 - Dziobek, Isabel A1 - Ferger, Marc D. A1 - Fischer, Hakan A1 - Flor, Herta A1 - Gaebler, Michael A1 - Gianaros, Peter J. A1 - Giummarra, Melita J. A1 - Greening, Steven G. A1 - Guendelman, Simon A1 - Heathers, James A. J. A1 - Herpertz, Sabine C. A1 - Hu, Mandy X. A1 - Jentschke, Sebastian A1 - Kaess, Michael A1 - Kaufmann, Tobias A1 - Klimes-Dougan, Bonnie A1 - Koelsch, Stefan A1 - Krauch, Marlene A1 - Kumral, Deniz A1 - Lamers, Femke A1 - Lee, Tae-Ho A1 - Lekander, Mats A1 - Lin, Feng A1 - Lotze, Martin A1 - Makovac, Elena A1 - Mancini, Matteo A1 - Mancke, Falk A1 - Mansson, Kristoffer N. T. A1 - Manuck, Stephen B. A1 - Mather, Mara A1 - Meeten, Frances A1 - Min, Jungwon A1 - Mueller, Bryon A1 - Muench, Vera A1 - Nees, Frauke A1 - Nga, Lin A1 - Nilsonne, Gustav A1 - Ordonez Acuna, Daniela A1 - Osnes, Berge A1 - Ottaviani, Cristina A1 - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H. A1 - Ponzio, Allison A1 - Poudel, Govinda R. A1 - Reinelt, Janis A1 - Ren, Ping A1 - Sakaki, Michiko A1 - Schumann, Andy A1 - Sorensen, Lin A1 - Specht, Karsten A1 - Straub, Joana A1 - Tamm, Sandra A1 - Thai, Michelle A1 - Thayer, Julian F. A1 - Ubani, Benjamin A1 - van Der Mee, Denise J. A1 - van Velzen, Laura S. A1 - Ventura-Bort, Carlos A1 - Villringer, Arno A1 - Watson, David R. A1 - Wei, Luqing A1 - Wendt, Julia A1 - Schreiner, Melinda Westlund A1 - Westlye, Lars T. A1 - Weymar, Mathias A1 - Winkelmann, Tobias A1 - Wu, Guo-Rong A1 - Yoo, Hyun Joo A1 - Quintana, Daniel S. T1 - Cortical thickness and resting-state cardiac function across the lifespan BT - a cross-sectional pooled mega-analysis JF - Psychophysiology : journal of the Society for Psychophysiological Research N2 - Understanding the association between autonomic nervous system [ANS] function and brain morphology across the lifespan provides important insights into neurovisceral mechanisms underlying health and disease. Resting-state ANS activity, indexed by measures of heart rate [HR] and its variability [HRV] has been associated with brain morphology, particularly cortical thickness [CT]. While findings have been mixed regarding the anatomical distribution and direction of the associations, these inconsistencies may be due to sex and age differences in HR/HRV and CT. Previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes, which impede the assessment of sex differences and aging effects on the association between ANS function and CT. To overcome these limitations, 20 groups worldwide contributed data collected under similar protocols of CT assessment and HR/HRV recording to be pooled in a mega-analysis (N = 1,218 (50.5% female), mean age 36.7 years (range: 12-87)). Findings suggest a decline in HRV as well as CT with increasing age. CT, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex, explained additional variance in HRV, beyond the effects of aging. This pattern of results may suggest that the decline in HRV with increasing age is related to a decline in orbitofrontal CT. These effects were independent of sex and specific to HRV; with no significant association between CT and HR. Greater CT across the adult lifespan may be vital for the maintenance of healthy cardiac regulation via the ANS-or greater cardiac vagal activity as indirectly reflected in HRV may slow brain atrophy. Findings reveal an important association between CT and cardiac parasympathetic activity with implications for healthy aging and longevity that should be studied further in longitudinal research. KW - aging KW - autonomic nervous system KW - cortical thickness KW - heart rate KW - heart KW - rate variability KW - sex Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.13688 SN - 0048-5772 SN - 1469-8986 VL - 58 IS - 7 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - GEN A1 - Listek, Martin A1 - Hönow, Anja A1 - Gossen, Manfred A1 - Hanack, Katja T1 - A novel selection strategy for antibody producing hybridoma cells based on a new transgenic fusion cell line T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The use of monoclonal antibodies is ubiquitous in science and biomedicine but the generation and validation process of antibodies is nevertheless complicated and time-consuming. To address these issues we developed a novel selective technology based on an artificial cell surface construct by which secreted antibodies were connected to the corresponding hybridoma cell when they possess the desired antigen-specificity. Further the system enables the selection of desired isotypes and the screening for potential cross-reactivities in the same context. For the design of the construct we combined the transmembrane domain of the EGF-receptor with a hemagglutinin epitope and a biotin acceptor peptide and performed a transposon-mediated transfection of myeloma cell lines. The stably transfected myeloma cell line was used for the generation of hybridoma cells and an antigen- and isotype-specific screening method was established. The system has been validated for globular protein antigens as well as for haptens and enables a fast and early stage selection and validation of monoclonal antibodies in one step. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 865 KW - Antibody generation KW - Assay systems Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-459893 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 865 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hanack, Katja A1 - Schloer, Anja A1 - Holzloehner, Pamela A1 - Listek, Martin A1 - Bauer, Cindy A1 - Butze, Monique A1 - Micheel, Burkhard A1 - Hentschel, Christian A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Fuener, Jonas A1 - Schliebs, Erik A1 - Goihl, Alexander A1 - Reinhold, Dirk T1 - Camelid nanobodies specific to human pancreatic glycoprotein 2 T2 - The journal of immunology N2 - Pancreatic secretory zymogen-granule membrane glycoprotein 2 (GP2) has been identified to be a major autoantigenic target in Crohn’s disease patients. It was discussed recently that a long and a short isoform of GP2 exists whereas the short isoform is often detected by GP2-specific autoantibodies. In the outcome of inflammatory bowel diseases, these GP2-specific autoantibodies are discussed as new serological markers for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. To investigate this further, camelid nanobodies were generated by phage display and selected against the short isoform of GP2 in order to isolate specific tools for the discrimination of both isoforms. Nanobodies are single domain antibodies derived from camelid heavy chain only antibodies and characterized by a high stability and solubility. The selected candidates were expressed, purified and validated regarding their binding properties in different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays formats, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. Four different nanobodies could be selected whereof three recognize the short isoform of GP2 very specifically and one nanobody showed a high binding capacity for both isoforms. The KD values measured for all nanobodies were between 1.3 nM and 2.3 pM indicating highly specific binders suitable for the application as diagnostic tool in inflammatory bowel disease. Y1 - 2016 SN - 0022-1767 SN - 1550-6606 VL - 196 SP - 313 EP - 328 PB - American Assoc. of Immunologists CY - Bethesda ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Listek, Martin A1 - Hönow, Anja A1 - Gossen, Manfred A1 - Hanack, Katja T1 - A novel selection strategy for antibody producing hybridoma cells based on a new transgenic fusion cell line JF - Scientific Reports N2 - The use of monoclonal antibodies is ubiquitous in science and biomedicine but the generation and validation process of antibodies is nevertheless complicated and time-consuming. To address these issues we developed a novel selective technology based on an artificial cell surface construct by which secreted antibodies were connected to the corresponding hybridoma cell when they possess the desired antigen-specificity. Further the system enables the selection of desired isotypes and the screening for potential cross-reactivities in the same context. For the design of the construct we combined the transmembrane domain of the EGF-receptor with a hemagglutinin epitope and a biotin acceptor peptide and performed a transposon-mediated transfection of myeloma cell lines. The stably transfected myeloma cell line was used for the generation of hybridoma cells and an antigen- and isotype-specific screening method was established. The system has been validated for globular protein antigens as well as for haptens and enables a fast and early stage selection and validation of monoclonal antibodies in one step. KW - Antibody generation KW - Assay systems Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58571-w SN - 2045-2322 VL - 10 PB - Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Göthel, Markus A1 - Listek, Martin A1 - Messerschmidt, Katrin A1 - Schlör, Anja A1 - Hönow, Anja A1 - Hanack, Katja T1 - A New Workflow to Generate Monoclonal Antibodies against Microorganisms T2 - Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Monoclonal antibodies are used worldwide as highly potent and efficient detection reagents for research and diagnostic applications. Nevertheless, the specific targeting of complex antigens such as whole microorganisms remains a challenge. To provide a comprehensive workflow, we combined bioinformatic analyses with novel immunization and selection tools to design monoclonal antibodies for the detection of whole microorganisms. In our initial study, we used the human pathogenic strain E. coli O157:H7 as a model target and identified 53 potential protein candidates by using reverse vaccinology methodology. Five different peptide epitopes were selected for immunization using epitope-engineered viral proteins. The identification of antibody-producing hybridomas was performed by using a novel screening technology based on transgenic fusion cell lines. Using an artificial cell surface receptor expressed by all hybridomas, the desired antigen-specific cells can be sorted fast and efficiently out of the fusion cell pool. Selected antibody candidates were characterized and showed strong binding to the target strain E. coli O157:H7 with minor or no cross-reactivity to other relevant microorganisms such as Legionella pneumophila and Bacillus ssp. This approach could be useful as a highly efficient workflow for the generation of antibodies against microorganisms. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1174 KW - monoclonal antibody KW - antibody producing cell selection KW - hybridoma KW - epitope prediction Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-523341 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 20 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göthel, Markus A1 - Listek, Martin A1 - Messerschmidt, Katrin A1 - Schlör, Anja A1 - Hönow, Anja A1 - Hanack, Katja T1 - A New Workflow to Generate Monoclonal Antibodies against Microorganisms JF - Applied Sciences N2 - Monoclonal antibodies are used worldwide as highly potent and efficient detection reagents for research and diagnostic applications. Nevertheless, the specific targeting of complex antigens such as whole microorganisms remains a challenge. To provide a comprehensive workflow, we combined bioinformatic analyses with novel immunization and selection tools to design monoclonal antibodies for the detection of whole microorganisms. In our initial study, we used the human pathogenic strain E. coli O157:H7 as a model target and identified 53 potential protein candidates by using reverse vaccinology methodology. Five different peptide epitopes were selected for immunization using epitope-engineered viral proteins. The identification of antibody-producing hybridomas was performed by using a novel screening technology based on transgenic fusion cell lines. Using an artificial cell surface receptor expressed by all hybridomas, the desired antigen-specific cells can be sorted fast and efficiently out of the fusion cell pool. Selected antibody candidates were characterized and showed strong binding to the target strain E. coli O157:H7 with minor or no cross-reactivity to other relevant microorganisms such as Legionella pneumophila and Bacillus ssp. This approach could be useful as a highly efficient workflow for the generation of antibodies against microorganisms. KW - monoclonal antibody KW - antibody producing cell selection KW - hybridoma KW - epitope prediction Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/app11209359 SN - 1454-5101 VL - 11 IS - 20 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fudickar, Werner A1 - Roder, Phillip A1 - Listek, Martin A1 - Hanack, Katja A1 - Linker, Torsten T1 - Pyridinium alkynylanthracenes as sensitizers for photodynamic therapy JF - Photochemistry and photobiology N2 - Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a mild but effective method to treat certain types of cancer upon irradiation with visible light. Here, three isomeric methylpyridinium alkynylanthracenes 1op were evaluated as sensitizers for PDT. Upon irradiation with blue or green light, all three compounds show the ability to initiate strand breaks of plasmid DNA. The mayor species responsible for cleavage is singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) as confirmed by scavenging reagents. Only isomers 1m and 1p can be incorporated into HeLa cells, whereas isomer 1o cannot permeate through the membrane. While isomer 1m targets the cell nucleus, isomer 1p assembles in the cellular cytoplasm and impacts the cellular integrity. This is in accordance with a moderate toxicity of 1p in the dark, whereas 1m exhibits no dark toxicity. Both isomers are suitable as PDT reagents, with a CC50 of 3 mu m and 75 nm, for 1p and 1m, respectively. Thus, derivative 1m, which can be easily synthesized, becomes an interesting candidate for cancer therapy. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/php.13554 SN - 0031-8655 SN - 1751-1097 VL - 98 IS - 1 SP - 193 EP - 201 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Moloney, Kirk A. A1 - Holzapfel, Claus A1 - Tielbörger, Katja A1 - Jeltsch, Florian A1 - Schurr, Frank Martin T1 - Rethinking the common garden in invasion research N2 - In common garden experiments, a number of genotypes are raised in a common environment in order to quantify the genetic component of phenotypic variation. Common gardens are thus ideally suited for disentangling how genetic and environmental factors contribute to the success of invasive species in their new non-native range. Although common garden experiments are increasingly employed in the study of invasive species, there has been little discussion about how these experiments should be designed for greatest utility. We argue that this has delayed progress in developing a general theory of invasion biology. We suggest a minimum optimal design (MOD) for common garden studies that target the ecological and evolutionary processes leading to phenotypic differentiation between native and invasive ranges. This involves four elements: (A) multiple, strategically sited garden locations, involving at the very least four gardens (2 in the native range and 2 in the invaded range); (B) careful consideration of the genetic design of the experiment; (C) standardization of experimental protocols across all gardens; and (D) care to ensure the biosafety of the experiment. Our understanding of the evolutionary ecology of biological invasions will be greatly enhanced by common garden studies, if and only if they are designed in a more systematic fashion, incorporating at the very least the MOD suggested here. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/14338319 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2009.05.002 SN - 1433-8319 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Treutlein, Jens A1 - Blomeyer, Dorothea A1 - Buchmann, Arlette F. A1 - Schmid, Brigitte A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Zimmermann, Ulrich S. A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Rietschel, Marcella A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias T1 - Interaction between the 5-HTTLPR serotonin transporter polymorphism and environmental adversity for mood and anxiety psychopathology : evidence from a high-risk community sample of young adults N2 - Previous research examining gene-environment interaction (G x E) with regard to vulnerability to depression and anxiety has yielded conflicting results. The present study was designed to further investigate G x F between 5-HTTLPR and exposure to environmental adversity, using different phenotypic and genotypic characterizations as well as different types of adversity within a prospective study design. Data were available from an ongoing epidemiological cohort Study following the outcome of early risk factors from birth to adulthood. At age 19 yr, 309 participants (142 males, 167 females) were characterized on measures of depression and anxiety through interview and questionnaire (DSM-IV diagnosis, Beck Depression Inventory, Harm Avoidance). Environmental adversity was assessed at birth (family adversity), and at age 19 yr (stressful life events). Bi- and tri-allelic 5-HTTLPR genotypes were obtained from genomic DNA. Results indicated that depression and anxiety in 19-yr-olds were strongly associated with both family adversity and stressful life events. Individuals with the LL genotype of 5-HTTLPR who were exposed to high family adversity displayed significantly higher rates of depressive or anxiety disorders and had more depressive symptoms than those without either condition. This G x E replicates recent findings from an epidemiological cohort study of adolescents but is in contrast to many previous reports suggesting an interaction with the S allele. No evidence for G x E was obtained with regard to current stressful life events and trait anxiety. One possible source for the conflicting findings might be attributed to heterogeneity in depression phenotypes and environmental adversity. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://journals.cambridge.org/jid_PNP U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1461145708009875 SN - 1461-1457 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Treutlein, Jens A1 - Schmid, Brigitte A1 - Blomeyer, Dorothea A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Buchmann, Arlette F. A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine A1 - Rietschel, Marcella A1 - Zimmermann, Ulrich S. A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias T1 - Impact of psychosocial adversity on alcohol intake in young adults : moderation by the LL genotype of the serotonin transporter polymorphism N2 - Background: Evidence from animal studies supports a role for serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) gene-environment interaction (G X E) in the development of excessive alcohol intake. Few studies in humans have been conducted on this topic, yielding inconsistent results. The present study aims to further explore G x E between 5-HTTLPR and exposure to psychosocial adversity on alcohol consumption in a high-risk community sample of young adults. Methods: Data were collected as part of the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, an ongoing epidemiological cohort study following the outcome of early risk factors from birth into young adulthood. At age 19 years, 309 participants (142 male participants, 167 female participants) were genotyped for the biallelic and triallelic 5-HTTLPR and were administered a 45-day alcohol timeline follow-back interview, providing measures of the total number of drinks and the number of binge drinking days. Psychosocial adversity was assessed at birth (family adversity) and at age 19 (negative life events). Results: In contrast to various previous reports, a significant G x E emerged, indicating that, when exposed to high psychosocial adversity, individuals with the LL genotype of 5-HTTLPR exhibited more hazardous drinking than those carrying the S allele or those without exposure to adversity. This effect, which was confined to male participants, held both for different classifications of 5-HTTLPR and different types of adversity. Conclusions: One explanation for the discrepant results might be heterogeneity in alcohol phenotypes. While the L allele relates more strongly to early-onset alcoholism, the S allele may be linked more closely to alcohol use associated with anxiety and depression. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00063223 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.02.010 SN - 0006-3223 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Skowronek, Markus H. A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Schulze, Thomas G. A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Rietschel, Marcella T1 - Environmental risk factors and attention-deficit : hyperactivity discorder symptoms ; reply Y1 - 2008 SN - 0003-990X ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - El-Faddagh, Mahha A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Interaction of dopamine transporter genotype with prenatal smoke exposure on ADHD symptoms N2 - Objective To demonstrate that children homozygous for the 10-repeat allele of the common dopamine transporter (DAT1) polymorphism who were exposed to maternal prenatal smoke exhibited significantly higher hyperactivity-impulsivity than children without these environmental or genetic risks. Study design We performed a prospective longitudinal study from birth into early adulthood monitoring the long-term outcome of early risk factors. Maternal prenatal smoking was determined during a standardized interview with the mother when the child was 3 months old. At age 15 years, 305 adolescents participated in genotyping for the DAT1 40 base pair variable number of tandem repeats polymorphism and assessment of inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and oppositional defiant/conduct disorder symptoms with die Kiddie- Sads-Present and Lifetime Version. Results There was no bivariate association between DAT1 genotype, prenatal smoke exposure and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, a significant interaction between DAT1 genotype and prenatal smoke exposure emerged (P =.012), indicating that males with prenatal smoke exposure who were homozygous for the DAT1 10r allele had higher hyperactivity-impulsivity than males from all other groups. In females, no significant main effects of DAT1 genotype or prenatal smoke exposure or interaction effects on any symptoms were evident (all P >.25). Conclusions This study provides further evidence for the multifactorial nature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the importance of studying both genetic and environmental factors and their interaction. Y1 - 2008 SN - 0022-3476 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaldach, Rüdiger A1 - Wimmer, Florian A1 - Koch, Jennifer A1 - Volland, Jan A1 - Geissler, Katja A1 - Köchy, Martin T1 - Model-based analysis of the environmental impacts of grazing management on Eastern Mediterranean ecosystems in Jordan JF - Journal of environmental management N2 - Eastern Mediterranean ecosystems are prone to desertification when under grazing pressure. Therefore, management of grazing intensity plays a crucial role to avoid or to diminish land degradation and to sustain both livelihoods and ecosystem functioning. The dynamic land-use model LandSHIFT was applied to a case study on the country level for Jordan. The impacts of different stocking densities on the environment were assessed through a set of simulation experiments for various combinations of climate input and assumptions about the development of livestock numbers. Indicators used for the analysis include a set of landscape metrics to account for habitat fragmentation and the "Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production" (HANPP), i.e., the difference between the amount of net primary production (NPP) that would be available in a natural ecosystem and the amount of NPP that remains under human management. Additionally, the potential of the economic valuation of ecosystem services, including landscape and grazing services, as an analysis concept was explored. We found that lower management intensities had a positive effect on HANPP but at the same time resulted in a strong increase of grazing area. This effect was even more pronounced under climate change due to a predominantly negative effect on the biomass productivity of grazing land. Also Landscape metrics tend to indicate decreasing habitat fragmentation as a consequence of lower grazing pressure. The valuation of ecosystem services revealed that low grazing intensity can lead to a comparatively higher economic value on the country level average. The results from our study underline the importance of considering grazing management as an important factor to manage dry-land ecosystems in a sustainable manner. KW - Sustainable management of Mediterranean grazing land KW - Land-use modeling KW - Climate change KW - Landscape metrics KW - Ecosystem service value KW - Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (HANPP) Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.11.024 SN - 0301-4797 SN - 1095-8630 VL - 127 IS - 9 SP - S84 EP - S95 PB - Elsevier CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hohmann, Sarah A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Fellinger, Johannes A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Evidence for epistasis between the 5-HTTLPR and the dopamine D4 receptor polymorphisms in externalizing behavior among 15-year-olds N2 - The present study aimed to clarify the functional role of genes in the dopamine and serotonin systems by examining whether polymorphisms in these genes are related to adolescent externalizing behavior either alone or in interaction with each other. Participants were selected from an ongoing prospective study of the outcome of early risk factors. At age 15 years, 298 adolescents (144 males, 154 females) completed the Youth Self Report, 296 primary caregivers the Child Behavior Checklist and 253 teachers the Teacher Report Form. DNA was genotyped for the DRD4 exon III VNTR and the 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms. Results revealed that individuals with the DRD4 7r allele reported significantly more externalizing behavior than carriers of other variants. In addition, a significant interaction emerged, indicating that adolescents carrying two copies of the 5-HTTLPR short allele and the DRD4 7r variant scored highest on aggressive and/or delinquent behavior compared to other genotypes. This result suggests an effect of 5-HTTLPR on externalizing behavior in the presence of DRD4 7r but no effect in its absence. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101493 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-009-0290-1 SN - 0300-9564 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Brigitte A1 - Blomeyer, Dorothea A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Treutlein, Jens A1 - Zimmermann, Ulrich S. A1 - Buchmann, Arlette F. A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Rietschel, Marcella A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - The interaction between the dopamine transporter gene and age at onset in relation to tobacco and alcohol use among 19-year-olds N2 - Recent evidence suggests that heterogeneity in the age at onset could explain the inconsistent findings of association studies relating the dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene with alcohol and nicotine consumption. The aim of this study was to examine interactions between two DAT1 polymorphisms and different initiation ages with regard to alcohol and tobacco consumption levels and dependence. Two hundred and ninety-one young adults (135 males, 156 females) participating in the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk were genotyped for the 40-bp variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) and rs27072 polymorphisms of DAT1. Age at initiation was assessed at age 15 and 19 years. Information about current alcohol and tobacco consumption was obtained at age 19 years using self-report measures and structured interviews. Results suggest that age at onset of intensive consumption moderated the association of the DAT1 gene with early adult substance use and dependence, revealing a DAT1 effect only among individuals homozygous for the 10r allele of the 40-bp VNTR who had started daily smoking or being intoxicated early in life. Equally, carriers of the T allele of the rs27072 polymorphism reporting an early age at first intoxication showed higher current alcohol consumption at age 19 years. In contrast, no interaction between rs27072 and the age at first cigarette with regard to later smoking was observed. These findings provide evidence that the DAT1 gene interacts with an early heavy or regular drug exposure of the maturing adolescent brain to predict substance (ab)use in young adulthood. Further studies are required to confirm these findings. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/issn?DESCRIPTOR=PRINTISSN&VALUE=1355-6215 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00171.x SN - 1355-6215 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Blomeyer, Dorothea A1 - El-Faddagh, Mahha A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - From regulatory problems in infancy to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in childhood : a moderating role for the dopamine D4 receptor gene? N2 - To examine whether the dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4) exon III VNTR moderates the risk of infants with regulatory disorders for developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) later in childhood. In a prospective longitudinal study of children at risk for later psychopathology, 300 participants were assessed for regulatory problems in infancy, DRD4 genotype, and ADHD symptoms and diagnoses from childhood to adolescence. To examine a potential moderating effect on ADHD measures, linear and logistic regressions were computed. Models were fit for the main effects of the DRD4 genotype (presence or absence of the 7r allele) and regulatory problems (presence or absence), with the addition of the interaction term. All models were controlled for sex, family adversity, and obstetric risk status. In children without the DRD4-7r allele, a history of regulatory problems in infancy was unrelated to later ADHD. But in children with regulatory problems in infancy, the additional presence of the DRD4-7r allele increased the risk for ADHD in childhood. The DRD4 genotype seems to moderate the association between regulatory problems in infancy and later ADHD. A replication study is needed before further conclusions can be drawn, however. Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00223476 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.12.005 SN - 0022-3476 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Skowronek, Markus H. A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Rietschel, Marcella A1 - Schulze, Thomas G. T1 - Interacting effects of the dopamine transporter gene and psychosocial adversity on attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder symptoms among 15-year-olds from high-risk community sample N2 - Context: Recent evidence suggests that gene X environment interactions could explain the inconsistent findings of association studies relating the dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 1bjective: To examine whether psychosocial adversity moderated the effect of genetic variation in DAT1 on ADHD symptoms in. adolescents from a high-risk community sample. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Data were taken from the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, an ongoing longitudinal study of the long-term outcomes of early risk factors followed up from birth on. Participants: Three hundred five adolescents (146 boys, 159 girls) participated in a follow-up assessment at age 15 years. Main Outcome Measures: Measures of ADHD symptoms according to DSM-IV were obtained using standardized structural interviews with adolescents and their parents. Psychosocial adversity was determined according to an "enriched" family adversity index as proposed by Rutter and Quinton. DNA was genotyped for the common DAT1 40-base pair (bp) variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region; 3 previously described single nucleotide polymorphisms in exon 15, intron 9, and exon 9; and a novel 30-bp VNTR polymorphism in intron 8. Results: Adolescents homozygous for the 10-repeat allele of the 40-bp VNTR polymorphism who grew up in greater psychosocial adversity exhibited significantly more inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity than adolescents with other genotypes or who lived in less adverse family conditions (significant interaction, P=.013-017). This gene X environment interaction was also observed in individuals homozygous for the 6-repeat allele of the 30-bp VNTR polymorphism and the haplotype comprising both markers. Conclusions: These findings provide initial evidence that environmental risks as described by the Rutter Family Adversity Index moderate the impact of the DAT1 gene on ADHD symptoms, suggesting a DAT1 effect only in those individuals exposed to psychosocial adversity. Y1 - 2007 UR - http://archpsyc.ama-assn.org/ SN - 0003-990X ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kissling, W. D. A1 - Dormann, Carsten F. A1 - Groeneveld, Juergen A1 - Hickler, Thomas A1 - Kühn, Ingolf A1 - McInerny, Greg J. A1 - Montoya, Jose M. A1 - Römermann, Christine A1 - Schiffers, Katja A1 - Schurr, Frank Martin A1 - Singer, Alexander A1 - Svenning, Jens-Christian A1 - Zimmermann, Niklaus E. A1 - O'Hara, Robert B. T1 - Towards novel approaches to modelling biotic interactions in multispecies assemblages at large spatial extents JF - Journal of biogeography N2 - Aim Biotic interactions within guilds or across trophic levels have widely been ignored in species distribution models (SDMs). This synthesis outlines the development of species interaction distribution models (SIDMs), which aim to incorporate multispecies interactions at large spatial extents using interaction matrices. Location Local to global. Methods We review recent approaches for extending classical SDMs to incorporate biotic interactions, and identify some methodological and conceptual limitations. To illustrate possible directions for conceptual advancement we explore three principal ways of modelling multispecies interactions using interaction matrices: simple qualitative linkages between species, quantitative interaction coefficients reflecting interaction strengths, and interactions mediated by interaction currencies. We explain methodological advancements for static interaction data and multispecies time series, and outline methods to reduce complexity when modelling multispecies interactions. Results Classical SDMs ignore biotic interactions and recent SDM extensions only include the unidirectional influence of one or a few species. However, novel methods using error matrices in multivariate regression models allow interactions between multiple species to be modelled explicitly with spatial co-occurrence data. If time series are available, multivariate versions of population dynamic models can be applied that account for the effects and relative importance of species interactions and environmental drivers. These methods need to be extended by incorporating the non-stationarity in interaction coefficients across space and time, and are challenged by the limited empirical knowledge on spatio-temporal variation in the existence and strength of species interactions. Model complexity may be reduced by: (1) using prior ecological knowledge to set a subset of interaction coefficients to zero, (2) modelling guilds and functional groups rather than individual species, and (3) modelling interaction currencies and species effect and response traits. Main conclusions There is great potential for developing novel approaches that incorporate multispecies interactions into the projection of species distributions and community structure at large spatial extents. Progress can be made by: (1) developing statistical models with interaction matrices for multispecies co-occurrence datasets across large-scale environmental gradients, (2) testing the potential and limitations of methods for complexity reduction, and (3) sampling and monitoring comprehensive spatio-temporal data on biotic interactions in multispecies communities. KW - Community ecology KW - ecological networks KW - global change KW - guild assembly KW - multidimensional complexity KW - niche theory KW - prediction KW - species distribution model KW - species interactions KW - trait-based community modules Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02663.x SN - 0305-0270 VL - 39 IS - 12 SP - 2163 EP - 2178 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thuiller, Wilfried A1 - Muenkemueller, Tamara A1 - Schiffers, Katja H. A1 - Georges, Damien A1 - Dullinger, Stefan A1 - Eckhart, Vincent M. A1 - Edwards, Thomas C. A1 - Gravel, Dominique A1 - Kunstler, Georges A1 - Merow, Cory A1 - Moore, Kara A1 - Piedallu, Christian A1 - Vissault, Steve A1 - Zimmermann, Niklaus E. A1 - Zurell, Damaris A1 - Schurr, Frank Martin T1 - Does probability of occurrence relate to population dynamics? JF - Ecography : pattern and diversity in ecology ; research papers forum N2 - Interestingly, relationships between demographic parameters and occurrence probability did not vary substantially across degrees of shade tolerance and regions. Although they were influenced by the uncertainty in the estimation of the demographic parameters, we found that r was generally negatively correlated with P-occ, while N, and for most regions K, was generally positively correlated with P-occ. Thus, in temperate forest trees the regions of highest occurrence probability are those with high densities but slow intrinsic population growth rates. The uncertain relationships between demography and occurrence probability suggests caution when linking species distribution and demographic models. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.00836 SN - 0906-7590 SN - 1600-0587 VL - 37 IS - 12 SP - 1155 EP - 1166 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nikitopoulos, Joerg A1 - Zohsel, Katrin A1 - Blomeyer, Dorothea A1 - Buchmann, Arlette F. A1 - Schmid, Brigitte A1 - Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Are infants differentially sensitive to parenting? Early maternal care, DRD4 genotype and externalizing behavior during adolescence JF - Journal of psychiatric research KW - DRD4 KW - Early maternal care KW - Externalizing behavior KW - Adolescence KW - Gene-environment interaction Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.08.012 SN - 0022-3956 SN - 1879-1379 VL - 59 SP - 53 EP - 59 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Svenning, Jens-Christian A1 - Gravel, Dominique A1 - Holt, Robert D. A1 - Schurr, Frank Martin A1 - Thuiller, Wilfried A1 - Muenkemueller, Tamara A1 - Schiffers, Katja H. A1 - Dullinger, Stefan A1 - Edwards, Thomas C. A1 - Hickler, Thomas A1 - Higgins, Steven I. A1 - Nabel, Julia E. M. S. A1 - Pagel, Jörn A1 - Normand, Signe T1 - The influence of interspecific interactions on species range expansion rates JF - Ecography : pattern and diversity in ecology ; research papers forum Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00574.x SN - 0906-7590 SN - 1600-0587 VL - 37 IS - 12 SP - 1198 EP - 1209 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Blomeyer, Dorothea A1 - El-Faddagh, Mahha A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Becker, Katja T1 - Are regulatory problems in infancy precursors of ADHD in childhood? a moderating role for the dopamine D4 receptor gene T2 - Infant mental health journal Y1 - 2011 SN - 0163-9641 VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 212 EP - 212 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Poustka, Luise A1 - Zohsel, Katrin A1 - Blomeyer, Dorothea A1 - Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine A1 - Schmid, Brigitte A1 - Trautmann-Villalba, Patricia A1 - Hohmann, Sarah A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Interacting effects of maternal responsiveness, infant regulatory problems and dopamine D4 receptor gene in the development of dysregulation during childhood: A longitudinal analysis JF - Journal of psychiatric research N2 - Recent longitudinal studies have indicated that affective and behavioral dysregulation in childhood is associated with an increased risk for various negative outcomes in later life. However, few studies to date have examined early mechanisms preceding dysregulation during early childhood. Aim of this study was to elucidate early mechanisms relating to dysregulation in later life using data from an epidemiological cohort study on the long-term outcome of early risk factors from birth to adulthood. At age 3 months, mothers and infants were videotaped during a nursing and playing situation. Maternal responsiveness was evaluated by trained raters. Infant regulatory problems were assessed on the basis of a parent interview and direct observation by trained raters. At age 8 and 11 years, 290 children (139 males) were rated on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Additionally, participants were genotyped for the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) exon 3 VNTR polymorphism. A significant three-way interaction between maternal responsiveness, DRD4 genotype and infant regulatory problems was detected predicting the CBCL-dysregulation profile (CBCL-DP). Carriers of the DRD4 7r allele with regulatory problems at age 3 months showed significantly more behavior problems associated with the CBCL-DP during childhood when exposed to less maternal responsiveness. In contrast, no effect of maternal responsiveness was observed in DRD4 7r carriers without infant regulatory problems and in non-carriers of the DRD4 7r allele. This prospective longitudinal study extends earlier findings regarding the association of the CBCL-DP with early parenting and later psychopathology, introducing both DRD4 genotype and infant regulatory problems as important moderators. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Dysregulation KW - Childhood KW - Infant regulatory problems KW - Parenting quality KW - DRD4 KW - Gene-environment interaction Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychires.2015.08.018 SN - 0022-3956 SN - 1879-1379 VL - 70 SP - 83 EP - 90 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buchmann, Arlette F. A1 - Zohsel, Katrin A1 - Blomeyer, Dorothea A1 - Hohm, Erika A1 - Hohmann, Sarah A1 - Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine A1 - Treutlein, Jens A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Poustka, Luise A1 - Zimmermann, Ulrich S. A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Interaction between prenatal stress and dopamine D4 receptor genotype in predicting aggression and cortisol levels in young adults JF - Psychopharmacology N2 - Considerable evidence suggests that genetic factors combine with environmental influences to impact on the development of aggressive behavior. A genetic variant that has repeatedly been reported to render individuals more sensitive to the presence of adverse experiences, including stress exposure during fetal life, is the seven-repeat allele of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene. The present investigation concentrated on the interplay of prenatal maternal stress and DRD4 genotype in predicting self-reported aggression in young adults. As disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system has been discussed as a pathophysiological pathway to aggression, cortisol stress reactivity was additionally examined. As part of an epidemiological cohort study, prenatal maternal stress was assessed by maternal interview 3 months after childbirth. Between the ages of 19 and 23 years, 298 offspring (140 males, 158 females) completed the Young Adult Self-Report to measure aggressive behavior and were genotyped for the DRD4 gene. At 19 years, 219 participants additionally underwent the Trier Social Stress Test to determine cortisol reactivity. Extending earlier findings with respect to childhood antisocial behavior, the results revealed that, under conditions of higher prenatal maternal stress, carriers of the DRD4 seven-repeat allele displayed more aggression in adulthood (p = 0.032). Moreover, the same conditions which seemed to promote aggression were found to predict attenuated cortisol secretion (p = 0.028). This is the first study to indicate a long-term impact of prenatal stress exposure on the cortisol stress response depending on DRD4 genotype. KW - Prenatal stress KW - Aggression KW - Cortisol KW - DRD4 KW - Gene-environment interaction Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-014-3484-7 SN - 0033-3158 SN - 1432-2072 VL - 231 IS - 16 SP - 3089 EP - 3097 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tobler, Michael A1 - Schlupp, Ingo A1 - Heubel, Katja U. A1 - Riesch, Rudiger A1 - Garcia de Leon, Francisco J. A1 - Giere, Olav A1 - Plath, Martin T1 - Life on the edge: hydrogen sulfide and the fish communities of a Mexican cave and surrounding waters JF - Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions N2 - Most eucaryotic organisms classified as living in an extreme habitat are invertebrates. Here we report of a fish living in a Mexican cave (Cueva del Azufre) that is rich in highly toxic H2S. We compared the water chemistry and fish communities of the cave and several nearby surface streams. Our study revealed high concentrations of H2S in the cave and its outflow (El Azufre). The concentrations of H2S reach more than 300 mu M inside the cave, which are acutely toxic for most fishes. In both sulfidic habitats, the diversity of fishes was heavily reduced, and Poecilia mexicana was the dominant species indicating that the presence of H2S has an all-or-none effect, permitting only few species to survive in sulfidic habitats. Compared to habitats without H2S, P. mexicana from the cave and the outflow have a significantly lower body condition. Although there are microhabitats with varying concentrations of H2S within the cave, we could not find a higher fish density in areas with lower concentrations of H2S. We discuss that P. mexicana is one of the few extremophile vertebrates. Our study supports the idea that extreme habitats lead to an impoverished species diversity. KW - extremophile teleosts KW - Poecilia mexicana KW - cave fish KW - hypoxia KW - chemoautotrophy KW - condition factor Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-006-0531-2 SN - 1431-0651 VL - 10 SP - 577 EP - 585 PB - Springer CY - Tokyo ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Levermann, Anders A1 - Winkelmann, Ricarda A1 - Nowicki, S. A1 - Fastook, J. L. A1 - Frieler, Katja A1 - Greve, R. A1 - Hellmer, H. H. A1 - Martin, M. A. A1 - Meinshausen, Malte A1 - Mengel, Matthias A1 - Payne, A. J. A1 - Pollard, D. A1 - Sato, T. A1 - Timmermann, R. A1 - Wang, Wei Li A1 - Bindschadler, Robert A. T1 - Projecting antarctic ice discharge using response functions from SeaRISE ice-sheet models JF - Earth system dynamics N2 - The largest uncertainty in projections of future sea-level change results from the potentially changing dynamical ice discharge from Antarctica. Basal ice-shelf melting induced by a warming ocean has been identified as a major cause for additional ice flow across the grounding line. Here we attempt to estimate the uncertainty range of future ice discharge from Antarctica by combining uncertainty in the climatic forcing, the oceanic response and the ice-sheet model response. The uncertainty in the global mean temperature increase is obtained from historically constrained emulations with the MAGICC-6.0 (Model for the Assessment of Greenhouse gas Induced Climate Change) model. The oceanic forcing is derived from scaling of the subsurface with the atmospheric warming from 19 comprehensive climate models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP-5) and two ocean models from the EU-project Ice2Sea. The dynamic ice-sheet response is derived from linear response functions for basal ice-shelf melting for four different Antarctic drainage regions using experiments from the Sea-level Response to Ice Sheet Evolution (SeaRISE) intercomparison project with five different Antarctic ice-sheet models. The resulting uncertainty range for the historic Antarctic contribution to global sea-level rise from 1992 to 2011 agrees with the observed contribution for this period if we use the three ice-sheet models with an explicit representation of ice-shelf dynamics and account for the time-delayed warming of the oceanic subsurface compared to the surface air temperature. The median of the additional ice loss for the 21st century is computed to 0.07 m (66% range: 0.02-0.14 m; 90% range: 0.0-0.23 m) of global sea-level equivalent for the low-emission RCP-2.6 (Representative Concentration Pathway) scenario and 0.09 m (66% range: 0.04-0.21 m; 90% range: 0.01-0.37 m) for the strongest RCP-8.5. Assuming no time delay between the atmospheric warming and the oceanic subsurface, these values increase to 0.09 m (66% range: 0.04-0.17 m; 90% range: 0.02-0.25 m) for RCP-2.6 and 0.15 m (66% range: 0.07-0.28 m; 90% range: 0.04-0.43 m) for RCP-8.5. All probability distributions are highly skewed towards high values. The applied ice-sheet models are coarse resolution with limitations in the representation of grounding-line motion. Within the constraints of the applied methods, the uncertainty induced from different ice-sheet models is smaller than that induced by the external forcing to the ice sheets. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-5-271-2014 SN - 2190-4979 SN - 2190-4987 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 271 EP - 293 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Winkelmann, Ricarda A1 - Levermann, Anders A1 - Martin, Maria A. A1 - Frieler, Katja T1 - Increased future ice discharge from Antarctica owing to higher snowfall JF - Nature : the international weekly journal of science N2 - Anthropogenic climate change is likely to cause continuing global sea level rise(1), but some processes within the Earth system may mitigate the magnitude of the projected effect. Regional and global climate models simulate enhanced snowfall over Antarctica, which would provide a direct offset of the future contribution to global sea level rise from cryospheric mass loss(2,3) and ocean expansion(4). Uncertainties exist in modelled snowfall(5), but even larger uncertainties exist in the potential changes of dynamic ice discharge from Antarctica(1,6) and thus in the ultimate fate of the precipitation-deposited ice mass. Here we show that snowfall and discharge are not independent, but that future ice discharge will increase by up to three times as a result of additional snowfall under global warming. Our results, based on an ice-sheet model(7) forced by climate simulations through to the end of 2500 (ref. 8), show that the enhanced discharge effect exceeds the effect of surface warming as well as that of basal ice-shelf melting, and is due to the difference in surface elevation change caused by snowfall on grounded versus floating ice. Although different underlying forcings drive ice loss from basal melting versus increased snowfall, similar ice dynamical processes are nonetheless at work in both; therefore results are relatively independent of the specific representation of the transition zone. In an ensemble of simulations designed to capture ice-physics uncertainty, the additional dynamic ice loss along the coastline compensates between 30 and 65 per cent of the ice gain due to enhanced snowfall over the entire continent. This results in a dynamic ice loss of up to 1.25 metres in the year 2500 for the strongest warming scenario. The reported effect thus strongly counters a potential negative contribution to global sea level by the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11616 SN - 0028-0836 VL - 492 IS - 7428 SP - 239 EP - + PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - THES A1 - Martin, Katja T1 - Beerdigen oder verbrennen? BT - zur Beteiligung von Jüdinnen und Juden am Reformprojekt Feuerbestattung Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-944693-04-0 PB - arijeh-verlag CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Iven, Claudia A1 - Hansen, Bernd A1 - Anders, Kristina A1 - Starke, Andreas A1 - Richardt, Kirsten A1 - Prüß, Holger A1 - El Meskioui, Martina A1 - Haase, Tobias A1 - Mahlberg, Lea A1 - Wiehe, Lea A1 - de Beer, Carola A1 - Niepelt Karampamapa, Rebekka A1 - Hofmann, Andrea A1 - Stadie, Nicole A1 - Hanne, Sandra A1 - Thomson, Jenny A1 - Schäfer, Blanca A1 - Huttenlauch, Clara A1 - Wartenburger, Isabell A1 - Weiland, Katharina A1 - Wirsam, Anke A1 - Hartung, Julia A1 - Wahl, Michael A1 - Unger, Julia A1 - Buschmann, Anke A1 - Seefeld, Martin A1 - Bethge, Anita A1 - Fieder, Nora A1 - Rahman, Rasha Abdel A1 - Nousair, Iman A1 - Klassert, Annegret A1 - Wellmann, Caroline A1 - Verbree, Rahel A1 - van Rij, Jacolien A1 - Sprenger, Simone A1 - Mähl, Anna Luisa A1 - Schneider, Kathleen A1 - Kutz, Anne A1 - Kaps, Hella A1 - Frank, Ulrike A1 - Brekeller, Sophie A1 - Ryll, Katja ED - Breitenstein, Sarah ED - Burmester, Juliane ED - Yetim, Özlem ED - Fritzsche, Tom T1 - Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 12. Schwerpunktthema: Weg(e) mit dem Stottern: Therapie und Selbsthilfe für Kinder und Erwachsene T2 - Spektrum Patholinguistik N2 - Das 12. Herbsttreffen Patholinguistik mit dem Schwerpunktthema »Weg(e) mit dem Stottern: Therapie und Selbsthilfe für Kinder und Erwachsene« fand am 24.11.2018 in Potsdam statt. Das Herbsttreffen wird seit 2007 jährlich vom Verband für Patholinguistik e.V. (vpl) durchgeführt. Der vorliegende Tagungsband beinhaltet die Vorträge zum Schwerpunktthema sowie Beiträge der Posterpräsentationen zu weiteren Themen aus der sprachtherapeutischen Forschung und Praxis. N2 - The Twelfth Autumn Meeting Patholinguistics (Herbsttreffen Patholinguistik) with its main topic »Away/A way with stuttering: Therapy and self-help for children and adults« took place in Potsdam on November 24 2018. This annual meeting has been organised since 2007 by the Association for Patholinguistics (Verband für Patholinguistik e.V./vpl). The present proceedings contain all talks on the main topic as well as contributions from the poster session covering a broad range of areas in speech/language therapy research and practice. T3 - Spektrum Patholinguistik - 12 KW - Patholinguistik KW - Sprachtherapie KW - Stottern KW - Redeflussstörungen KW - Selbsthilfe KW - patholinguistics KW - speech/language therapy KW - stuttering KW - fluency disorder KW - self-help Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-437002 SN - 978-3-86956-479-1 SN - 1866-9085 SN - 1866-9433 IS - 12 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buchmann, Arlette F. A1 - Schmid, Brigitte A1 - Blomeyer, Dorothea A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Treutlein, Jens A1 - Zimmermann, Ulrich S. A1 - Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Rietschel, Marcella A1 - Schumann, Gunter A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Impact of age at first drink on vulnerability to alcohol-related problems : testing the marker hypothesis in a prospective study of young adults N2 - There is ample evidence that the early initiation of alcohol use is a risk factor for the development of later alcohol-related problems. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether this association can be explained by indicators of a common underlying susceptibility or whether age at drinking onset may be considered as an independent predictor of later drinking behavior, suggesting a potential causal relationship. Participants were drawn from a prospective cohort study of the long-term outcomes of early risk factors followed up from birth onwards. Structured interviews were administered to 304 participants to assess age at first drink and current drinking behavior. Data on risk factors, including early family adversity, parental alcohol use, childhood psychopathology and stressful life events, were repeatedly collected during childhood using standardized parent interviews. In addition, information on genotype was considered. Results confirmed previous work demonstrating that hazardous alcohol consumption is related to early-adolescent drinking onset. A younger age of first drink was significantly predicted by 5-HTTLPR genotype and the degree of preceding externalizing symptoms, and both factors were related to increased consumption or harmful alcohol use at age 19. However, even after controlling for these potential explanatory factors, earlier age at drinking onset remained a strong predictor of heavy alcohol consumption in young adulthood. The present longitudinal study adds to the current literature indicating that the early onset - adult hazardous drinking association cannot solely be attributed to shared genetic and psychopathologic risk factors as examined in this study. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00223956 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.02.006 SN - 0022-3956 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Becker, Katja A1 - Frank, Josef A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Treutlein, Jens A1 - Skowronek, Markus H. A1 - Schumann, Gunter T1 - Genetic variation in dopamine pathways differentially associated with smoking progression in adolescence N2 - Objective: To clarify the nature of the association between dopamine genes and smoking by examining whether genetic variability in components of the dopamine pathway could explain refined phenotypes in adolescent smoking progression. Method: Data are from an ongoing prospective study of the long-term outcome of early risk factors studied since birth. At age 15 years, 220 participants (108 males, 112 females) completed a self-report questionnaire measuring smoking behavior and were genotyped for five dopamine gene variants. Results: Smoking initiation was related to allelic variation in the dopamine D-4 receptor gene (DRD4), whereas smoking continuation and dependence showed association with the dopamine D-2 receptor gene (DRD2). Adolescents with the seven-repeat allele of the common DRD4 exon 3 polymorphism had rates of ever smoking that were significantly higher than in those with other genotypes. Once smoking started, carriers of the T allele of a single nucleotide polymorphism of DRD2 (rs4648317) reported higher rates of current smoking and scored higher on nicotine dependence than their allelic counterparts. Among current smokers, intention to quit was significantly lower in adolescents homozygous for the 10-repeat allele of the common dopamine transporter 3 untranslated region polymorphism. Conclusions: Our results provide preliminary evidence of genetic influences on different stages of smoking and suggest the importance of specific dopamine genes in smoking progression in adolescence. Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/Chi.0b013e31816bff77 SN - 0890-8567 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoppenbrink, Katja A1 - Kalis, Michael A1 - Reeh, Greta A1 - Kaya, Gizem A1 - Kopshteyn, Georgy A1 - Nguyen, Martin A1 - Lingg, Rosana Teresa A1 - Carstens, Margret A1 - Lanzl, Theresa A1 - Li, Yao T1 - MenschenRechtsMagazin : Informationen | Meinungen | Analysen N2 - Aus dem Inhalt: Themenschwerpunkt: Pandemie und Menschenrechte - Prozeduralisierung gegen Diskriminierung? Menschen mit Behinderungen, das Bundesverfassungsgericht und das ‚Triage-Problem‘ in der Pandemie - Aus der Krise lernen – grund- und menschenrechtliche Erwägungen der Corona-Schutzmaßnahmen als Vorbild für einen ambitionierten Klimaschutz - Die Impfpflicht-Debatte auf dem philosophischen Prüfstand Bericht über die Tätigkeit des Menschenrechtsausschusses der Vereinten Nationen im Jahre 2021 – Teil II: Individualbeschwerden T3 - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen - 27.2022/2 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-564937 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 27 IS - 2 SP - 63 EP - 161 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bittlingmayer, Uwe H. A1 - Gerdes, Jürgen A1 - Pinheiro, Paulo A1 - Dege, Martin A1 - Bauer, Ullrich A1 - Jäntsch, Christian A1 - Kirchhoff, Sandra A1 - Knigge, Michael A1 - Köpfer, Andreas A1 - Markovic, Sandra A1 - Okcu, Gözde A1 - Scharenberg, Katja T1 - Health Promoting Schools (HPS) and the impact of inclusion BT - the StiEL-project T2 - The European Journal of Public Health N2 - Background: The overall goal of the project ‘StiEL’ is to contribute to the professional development of teachers and other educational staff working at German secondary schools. The aim is to develop an evidence-based training concept for the inclusion of students with diverse abilities. The project is organized as a collaborative research effort of three partnering institutions and funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research from 2018-2021. Methods: To support the on-going transition towards inclusive school practices, a multi-stage approach is envisaged. The first phase aims at a scoping review of existing literature and programmes on inclusion. The overview is supplemented by interviews with school staff members. Training modules are developed in the second project phase. The third phase of StiEL puts the newly developed training program into practice. The knowledge and skills acquired by the participants through the training as well as the teaching and management of inclusive classrooms after the training are evaluated through longitudinal and ethnographic approaches. The final project phase creates a best practice manual and makes the modules available via open access databases. Results: The presentation will focus on the first phase and try to explore the health-related consequences of the transition towards an inclusive school system in Germany for different participants. We will present preliminary results of expert interviews as well as some results from the literature screening. Due to our findings the current practice on German schools towards the road to inclusion is very stressful for all participants. We will explore recommendations for health promoting schools under conditions of inclusion. Conclusions: In terms of health-related consequences for all participants, the road to inclusion is very ambitious but also very stressful. Regarding the development of an inclusive school system, we need to focus much more on health and health promotion. Y1 - 2018 SN - 1101-1262 SN - 1464-360X VL - 28 IS - Supp. 4 SP - 287 EP - 288 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Burkart, Michael A1 - Alsleben, Katja A1 - Lachmuth, Susanne A1 - Schumacher, Juliane A1 - Hofmann, Ralf A1 - Jeltsch, Florian A1 - Schurr, Frank Martin T1 - Recruitment requirements of the rare and threatened Juncus atratus N2 - The long-term persistence of populations and species depends on the successful recruitment of individuals. The generative recruitment of plants may be limited by a lack of suitable germination and establishment conditions. Establishment limitation may especially be caused by the competitive effect of surrounding dense vegetation, which is believed to restrict the recruitment success of many plant species to small open patches ('safe sites'). We conducted experiments to clarify the roles of germination and seedling establishment as limiting processes in the recruitment of Juncus atratus Krock., a rare and threatened herbaceous perennial river corridor plant in Central Europe. Light intensity had a positive effect on germination. However, some seedlings emerged even in total darkness and the germination rate at 1% light intensity was more than half of that at 60% light intensity. Seedling establishment in the field after 10 weeks was 30% on bare ground, but it was close to zero in grassland. Establishment in the growth chamber after 8 weeks was close to 75% for seedlings that germinated underwater, but only about 35% for seedlings that germinated afloat. Furthermore, establishment decreased with flooding duration on bare ground, but increased with flooding duration in grassland. These data indicate that establishment, rather than germination, is a critical life stage in Central European populations off. atratus. They furthermore indicate that the competition of surrounding vegetation for water limits seedling establishment under field conditions without flooding, largely restricting establishment success to bare ground habitats. In contrast, grassland is more suitable for the recruitment off. atratus than bare ground under prolonged flooding. Grassland may facilitate the establishment off. atratus seedlings during long- lasting floods by supplying oxygen to the soil through aerenchyma. The shift from competition to facilitation in grassland occurred after 30 days of flooding, i.e. within the ontogeny of individual plants. The specific recruitment requirements off. arrows may be a main cause of its rarity in modern Central Europe. In order to prevent regional extinction off. atratus, we suggest maintaining or re-establishing natural hydrodynamics in the species' habitats. Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03672530 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2009.08.003 SN - 0367-2530 ER -