TY - JOUR A1 - Warrington, Nicole A1 - Beaumont, Robin A1 - Horikoshi, Momoko A1 - Day, Felix R. A1 - Helgeland, Øyvind A1 - Laurin, Charles A1 - Bacelis, Jonas A1 - Peng, Shouneng A1 - Hao, Ke A1 - Feenstra, Bjarke A1 - Wood, Andrew R. A1 - Mahajan, Anubha A1 - Tyrrell, Jessica A1 - Robertson, Neil R. A1 - Rayner, N. William A1 - Qiao, Zhen A1 - Moen, Gunn-Helen A1 - Vaudel, Marc A1 - Marsit, Carmen A1 - Chen, Jia A1 - Nodzenski, Michael A1 - Schnurr, Theresia M. A1 - Zafarmand, Mohammad Hadi A1 - Bradfield, Jonathan P. A1 - Grarup, Niels A1 - Kooijman, Marjolein N. A1 - Li-Gao, Ruifang A1 - Geller, Frank A1 - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer Singh A1 - Paternoster, Lavinia A1 - Rueedi, Rico A1 - Huikari, Ville A1 - Hottenga, Jouke-Jan A1 - Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka A1 - Cavadino, Alana A1 - Metrustry, Sarah A1 - Cousminer, Diana L. A1 - Wu, Ying A1 - Thiering, Elisabeth Paula A1 - Wang, Carol A. A1 - Have, Christian Theil A1 - Vilor-Tejedor, Natalia A1 - Joshi, Peter K. A1 - Painter, Jodie N. A1 - Ntalla, Ioanna A1 - Myhre, Ronny A1 - Pitkänen, Niina A1 - van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M. A1 - Joro, Raimo A1 - Lagou, Vasiliki A1 - Richmond, Rebecca C. A1 - Espinosa, Ana A1 - Barton, Sheila J. A1 - Inskip, Hazel M. A1 - Holloway, John W. A1 - Santa-Marina, Loreto A1 - Estivill, Xavier A1 - Ang, Wei A1 - Marsh, Julie A. A1 - Reichetzeder, Christoph A1 - Marullo, Letizia A1 - Hocher, Berthold A1 - Lunetta, Kathryn L. A1 - Murabito, Joanne M. A1 - Relton, Caroline L. A1 - Kogevinas, Manolis A1 - Chatzi, Leda A1 - Allard, Catherine A1 - Bouchard, Luigi A1 - Hivert, Marie-France A1 - Zhang, Ge A1 - Muglia, Louis J. A1 - Heikkinen, Jani A1 - Morgen, Camilla S. A1 - van Kampen, Antoine H. C. A1 - van Schaik, Barbera D. C. A1 - Mentch, Frank D. A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Scott, Robert A. A1 - Zhao, Jing Hua A1 - Hemani, Gibran A1 - Ring, Susan M. A1 - Bennett, Amanda J. A1 - Gaulton, Kyle J. A1 - Fernandez-Tajes, Juan A1 - van Zuydam, Natalie R. A1 - Medina-Gomez, Carolina A1 - de Haan, Hugoline G. A1 - Rosendaal, Frits R. A1 - Kutalik, Zoltán A1 - Marques-Vidal, Pedro A1 - Das, Shikta A1 - Willemsen, Gonneke A1 - Mbarek, Hamdi A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Standl, Marie A1 - Appel, Emil V. R. A1 - Fonvig, Cilius Esmann A1 - Trier, Caecilie A1 - van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M. A1 - Murcia, Mario A1 - Bustamante, Mariona A1 - Bonàs-Guarch, Sílvia A1 - Hougaard, David M. A1 - Mercader, Josep M. A1 - Linneberg, Allan A1 - Schraut, Katharina E. A1 - Lind, Penelope A. A1 - Medland, Sarah Elizabeth A1 - Shields, Beverley M. A1 - Knight, Bridget A. A1 - Chai, Jin-Fang A1 - Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope A1 - Bartels, Meike A1 - Sánchez, Friman A1 - Stokholm, Jakob A1 - Torrents, David A1 - Vinding, Rebecca K. A1 - Willems, Sara M. A1 - Atalay, Mustafa A1 - Chawes, Bo L. A1 - Kovacs, Peter A1 - Prokopenko, Inga A1 - Tuke, Marcus A. A1 - Yaghootkar, Hanieh A1 - Ruth, Katherine S. A1 - Jones, Samuel E. A1 - Loh, Po-Ru A1 - Murray, Anna A1 - Weedon, Michael N. A1 - Tönjes, Anke A1 - Stumvoll, Michael A1 - Michaelsen, Kim Fleischer A1 - Eloranta, Aino-Maija A1 - Lakka, Timo A. A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M. A1 - Kiess, Wieland A1 - Koerner, Antje A1 - Niinikoski, Harri A1 - Pahkala, Katja A1 - Raitakari, Olli T. A1 - Jacobsson, Bo A1 - Zeggini, Eleftheria A1 - Dedoussis, George V. A1 - Teo, Yik-Ying A1 - Saw, Seang-Mei A1 - Montgomery, Grant W. A1 - Campbell, Harry A1 - Wilson, James F. A1 - Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M. A1 - Vrijheid, Martine A1 - de Geus, Eco J. C. N. A1 - Hayes, M. Geoffrey A1 - Kadarmideen, Haja N. A1 - Holm, Jens-Christian A1 - Beilin, Lawrence J. A1 - Pennell, Craig E. A1 - Heinrich, Joachim A1 - Adair, Linda S. A1 - Borja, Judith B. A1 - Mohlke, Karen L. A1 - Eriksson, Johan G. A1 - Widen, Elisabeth E. A1 - Hattersley, Andrew T. A1 - Spector, Tim D. A1 - Kaehoenen, Mika A1 - Viikari, Jorma S. A1 - Lehtimaeki, Terho A1 - Boomsma, Dorret I. A1 - Sebert, Sylvain A1 - Vollenweider, Peter A1 - Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. A1 - Bisgaard, Hans A1 - Bonnelykke, Klaus A1 - Murray, Jeffrey C. A1 - Melbye, Mads A1 - Nohr, Ellen A. A1 - Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Felix, Janine F. A1 - Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. A1 - Hansen, Torben A1 - Pisinger, Charlotta A1 - Vaag, Allan A. A1 - Pedersen, Oluf A1 - Uitterlinden, Andre G. A1 - Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta A1 - Power, Christine A1 - Hypponen, Elina A1 - Scholtens, Denise M. A1 - Lowe, William L. A1 - Smith, George Davey A1 - Timpson, Nicholas J. A1 - Morris, Andrew P. A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J. A1 - Hakonarson, Hakon A1 - Grant, Struan F. A. A1 - Frayling, Timothy M. A1 - Lawlor, Debbie A. A1 - Njolstad, Pal R. A1 - Johansson, Stefan A1 - Ong, Ken K. A1 - McCarthy, Mark I. A1 - Perry, John R. B. A1 - Evans, David M. A1 - Freathy, Rachel M. T1 - Maternal and fetal genetic effects on birth weight and their relevance to cardio-metabolic risk factors JF - Nature genetics N2 - Birth weight variation is influenced by fetal and maternal genetic and non-genetic factors, and has been reproducibly associated with future cardio-metabolic health outcomes. In expanded genome-wide association analyses of own birth weight (n = 321,223) and offspring birth weight (n = 230,069 mothers), we identified 190 independent association signals (129 of which are novel). We used structural equation modeling to decompose the contributions of direct fetal and indirect maternal genetic effects, then applied Mendelian randomization to illuminate causal pathways. For example, both indirect maternal and direct fetal genetic effects drive the observational relationship between lower birth weight and higher later blood pressure: maternal blood pressure-raising alleles reduce offspring birth weight, but only direct fetal effects of these alleles, once inherited, increase later offspring blood pressure. Using maternal birth weight-lowering genotypes to proxy for an adverse intrauterine environment provided no evidence that it causally raises offspring blood pressure, indicating that the inverse birth weight-blood pressure association is attributable to genetic effects, and not to intrauterine programming. Y1 - 2019 SN - 1061-4036 SN - 1546-1718 VL - 51 IS - 5 SP - 804 EP - + PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Aiping A1 - Zhou, Wei A1 - Shu, Hua A1 - Yan, Ming T1 - Reading proficiency modulates parafoveal processing efficiency: Evidence from reading Chinese as a second language JF - Acta psychologica : international journal of psychonomics N2 - In the present study, we manipulated different types of information available in the parafovea during the reading of Chinese sentences and examined how native Korean readers who learned Chinese as a second language make use of the parafoveal information. Results clearly indicate that, only identical and orthographically similar previews facilitated processing of the target words when they were subsequently fixated. More critically, more parafoveal information was obtained by subjects with higher reading proficiency. These results suggest that, mainly low-level features of the parafoveal words are obtained by the non-native Chinese readers and less attentional resources are available for the readers with lower reading proficiency, thereby causing a reduction of the perceptual span. KW - Parafoveal KW - Sentence reading KW - Chinese KW - Korean readers Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.07.010 SN - 0001-6918 SN - 1873-6297 VL - 152 SP - 29 EP - 33 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pan, Jinger A1 - Shu, Hua A1 - Wang, Yuling A1 - Yan, Ming T1 - Parafoveal activation of sign translation previews among deaf readers during the reading of Chinese sentences JF - Memory & cognition N2 - In the present study, we manipulated the different types of information available in the parafovea during the reading of Chinese sentences and examined whether deaf readers could activate sign translations of Chinese words during reading. The main finding was that, as compared to unrelated previews, the deaf readers had longer fixation durations on the target words when sign-phonologically related preview words were presented; this preview cost effect due to sign-phonological relatedness was absent for reading-level-matched hearing individuals. These results indicate that Chinese deaf readers activate sign language translations of parafoveal words during reading. We discuss the implications for notions of parafoveal processing in reading. KW - Sign language KW - Parafoveal KW - Chinese KW - Deaf readers KW - Sentence reading Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-015-0511-9 SN - 0090-502X SN - 1532-5946 VL - 43 IS - 6 SP - 964 EP - 972 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Aiping A1 - Yeon, Junmo A1 - Zhou, Wei A1 - Shu, Hua A1 - Yan, Ming T1 - Cross-language parafoveal semantic processing: Evidence from Korean-Chinese bilinguals JF - Applied physics letters N2 - In the present study, we aimed at testing cross-language cognate and semantic preview effects. We tested how native Korean readers who learned Chinese as a second language make use of the parafoveal information during the reading of Chinese sentences. There were 3 types of Korean preview words: cognate translations of the Chinese target words, semantically related noncognate words, and unrelated words. Together with a highly significant cognate preview effect, more critically, we also observed reliable facilitation in processing of the target word from the semantically related previews in all fixation measures. Results from the present study provide first evidence for semantic processing from parafoveally presented Korean words and for cross-language parafoveal semantic processing. KW - Parafoveal KW - Semantics KW - Korean KW - Chinese KW - Bilingual Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-015-0876-6 SN - 1069-9384 SN - 1531-5320 VL - 23 SP - 285 EP - 290 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Wei-Hong A1 - Köhler, Barbara A1 - Cao, Feng-Qiu A1 - Liu, Guo-Wei A1 - Gong, Yuan-Yong A1 - Sheng, Song A1 - Song, Qi-Chao A1 - Cheng, Xiao-Yuan A1 - Garnett, Trevor A1 - Okamoto, Mamoru A1 - Qin, Rui A1 - Müller-Röber, Bernd A1 - Tester, Mark A1 - Liu, Lai-Hua T1 - Rice DUR3 mediates high-affinity urea transport and plays an effective role in improvement of urea acquisition and utilization when expressed in Arabidopsis JF - New phytologist : international journal of plant science N2 - Despite the great agricultural and ecological importance of efficient use of urea-containing nitrogen fertilizers by crops, molecular and physiological identities of urea transport in higher plants have been investigated only in Arabidopsis. We performed short-time urea-influx assays which have identified a low-affinity and high-affinity (Km of 7.55 mu M) transport system for urea-uptake by rice roots (Oryza sativa). A high-affinity urea transporter OsDUR3 from rice was functionally characterized here for the first time among crops. OsDUR3 encodes an integral membrane-protein with 721 amino acid residues and 15 predicted transmembrane domains. Heterologous expression demonstrated that OsDUR3 restored yeast dur3-mutant growth on urea and facilitated urea import with a Km of c. 10 mu M in Xenopus oocytes. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis revealed upregulation of OsDUR3 in rice roots under nitrogen-deficiency and urea-resupply after nitrogen-starvation. Importantly, overexpression of OsDUR3 complemented the Arabidopsis atdur3-1 mutant, improving growth on low urea and increasing root urea-uptake markedly. Together with its plasma membrane localization detected by green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagging and with findings that disruption of OsDUR3 by T-DNA reduces rice growth on urea and urea uptake, we suggest that OsDUR3 is an active urea transporter that plays a significant role in effective urea acquisition and utilisation in rice. KW - high-affinity transporter KW - leaf senescence KW - nitrogen remobilization KW - OsDUR3 KW - overexpression KW - rice plant KW - urea transport and utilization Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03929.x SN - 0028-646X VL - 193 IS - 2 SP - 432 EP - 444 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Malden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Townsley, Leisa K. A1 - Broos, Patrick S. A1 - Corcoran, Michael F. A1 - Feigelson, Eric D. A1 - Gagne, Marc A1 - Montmerle, Thierry A1 - Oey, M. S. A1 - Smith, Nathan A1 - Garmire, Gordon P. A1 - Getman, Konstantin V. A1 - Povich, Matthew S. A1 - Evans, Nancy Remage A1 - Naze, Yael A1 - Parkin, E. R. A1 - Preibisch, Thomas A1 - Wang, Junfeng A1 - Wou, Scott J. A1 - Chu, You-Hua A1 - Cohen, David H. A1 - Gruendl, Robert A. A1 - Hamaguchi, Kenji A1 - King, Robert R. A1 - Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark A1 - McCaughrean, Mark J. A1 - Moffat, Anthony F. J. A1 - Oskinova, Lida A1 - Pittard, Julian M. A1 - Stassun, Keivan G. A1 - Ud-Doula, Asif A1 - Walborn, Nolan R. A1 - Waldron, Wayne L. A1 - Churchwell, Ed A1 - Nictiols, J. S. A1 - Owocki, Stanley P. A1 - Schulz, Norbert S. T1 - An introduction to the chandra carina complex project JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Supplement series N2 - The Great Nebula in Carina provides an exceptional view into the violent massive star formation and feedback that typifies giant H II regions and starburst galaxies. We have mapped the Carina star-forming complex in X-rays, using archival Chandra data and a mosaic of 20 new 60 ks pointings using the Chandra X-ray Observatory's Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer, as a testbed for understanding recent and ongoing star formation and to probe Carina's regions of bright diffuse X-ray emission. This study has yielded a catalog of properties of > 14,000 X-ray point sources;> 9800 of them have multiwavelength counterparts. Using Chandra's unsurpassed X-ray spatial resolution, we have separated these point sources from the extensive, spatially-complex diffuse emission that pervades the region; X-ray properties of this diffuse emission suggest that it traces feedback from Carina's massive stars. In this introductory paper, we motivate the survey design, describe the Chandra observations, and present some simple results, providing a foundation for the 15 papers that follow in this special issue and that present detailed catalogs, methods, and science results. KW - H II regions KW - stars: massive KW - stars: pre-main sequence KW - X-rays: individual (Carina) KW - X-rays: ISM KW - X-rays: stars Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/194/1/1 SN - 0067-0049 VL - 194 IS - 1 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Naze, Yael A1 - Wang, Q. Daniel A1 - Chu, You-Hua A1 - Gruendl, Robert A1 - Oskinova, Lida T1 - A deep chandra observation of the giant HII region N11. I. x-ray sorces in the field JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Supplement series N2 - A very sensitive X-ray investigation of the giant HII region N11 in the Large Megallanic Cloud was performed using the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The 300 ks observation reveals X-ray sources with luminosities down to 10(32) erg s(-1), increasing the number of known point sources in the field by more than a factor of five. Among these detections are 13 massive stars (3 compact groups of massive stars, 9 O stars, and one early B star) with log(L-X/L-BOL) similar to -6.5 to -7, which may suggest that they are highly magnetic or colliding-wind systems. On the other hand, the stacked signal for regions corresponding to undetected O stars yields log(L-X/L-BOL) similar to -7.3, i.e., an emission level comparable to similar Galactic stars despite the lower metallicity. Other point sources coincide with 11 foreground stars, 6 late-B/A stars in N11, and many background objects. This observation also uncovers the extent and detailed spatial properties of the soft, diffuse emission regions, but the presence of some hotter plasma in their spectra suggests contamination by the unresolved stellar population. KW - galaxies: star clusters: general KW - ISM: individual objects (LMC N11) KW - Magellanic Clouds KW - X-rays: stars Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/213/2/23 SN - 0067-0049 SN - 1538-4365 VL - 213 IS - 2 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiss, Jonathan R. A1 - Walters, Richard J. A1 - Morishita, Yu A1 - Wright, Tim J. A1 - Lazecky, Milan A1 - Wang, Hua A1 - Hussain, Ekbal A1 - Hooper, Andrew J. A1 - Elliott, John R. A1 - Rollins, Chris A1 - Yu, Chen A1 - Gonzalez, Pablo J. A1 - Spaans, Karsten A1 - Li, Zhenhong A1 - Parsons, Barry T1 - High-resolution surface velocities and strain for Anatolia from Sentinel-1 InSAR and GNSS data JF - Geophysical research letters N2 - Measurements of present-day surface deformation are essential for the assessment of long-term seismic hazard. The European Space Agency's Sentinel-1 satellites enable global, high-resolution observation of crustal motion from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). We have developed automated InSAR processing systems that exploit the first similar to 5 years of Sentinel-1 data to measure surface motions for the similar to 800,000-km(2) Anatolian region. Our new 3-D velocity and strain rate fields illuminate deformation patterns dominated by westward motion of Anatolia relative to Eurasia, localized strain accumulation along the North and East Anatolian Faults, and rapid vertical signals associated with anthropogenic activities and to a lesser extent extension across the grabens of western Anatolia. We show that automatically processed Sentinel-1 InSAR data can characterize details of the velocity and strain rate fields with high resolution and accuracy over large regions. These results are important for assessing the relationship between strain accumulation and release in earthquakes.
Plain Language Summary Satellite-based measurements of small rates of motion of the Earth's surface made at high spatial resolutions and over large areas are important for many geophysical applications including improving earthquake hazard models. We take advantage of recent advances in geodetic techniques in order to measure surface velocities and tectonic strain accumulation across the Anatolia region, including the highly seismogenic and often deadly North Anatolian Fault. We show that by combining Sentinel-1 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements we can enhance our view of surface deformation associated with active tectonics, the earthquake cycle, and anthropogenic processes. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087376 SN - 0094-8276 SN - 1944-8007 VL - 47 IS - 17 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhou, Wei A1 - Wang, Aiping A1 - Shu, Hua A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Yan, Ming T1 - Word segmentation by alternating colors facilitates eye guidance in Chinese reading JF - Memory & cognition N2 - During sentence reading, low spatial frequency information afforded by spaces between words is the primary factor for eye guidance in spaced writing systems, whereas saccade generation for unspaced writing systems is less clear and under debate. In the present study, we investigated whether word-boundary information, provided by alternating colors (consistent or inconsistent with word-boundary information) influences saccade-target selection in Chinese. In Experiment 1, as compared to a baseline (i.e., uniform color) condition, word segmentation with alternating color shifted fixation location towards the center of words. In contrast, incorrect word segmentation shifted fixation location towards the beginning of words. In Experiment 2, we used a gaze-contingent paradigm to restrict the color manipulation only to the upcoming parafoveal words and replicated the results, including fixation location effects, as observed in Experiment 1. These results indicate that Chinese readers are capable of making use of parafoveal word-boundary knowledge for saccade generation, even if such information is unfamiliar to them. The present study provides novel support for the hypothesis that word segmentation is involved in the decision about where to fixate next during Chinese reading. KW - Chinese KW - Word segmentation KW - Fixation location KW - Parafoveal KW - Color Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0797-5 SN - 0090-502X SN - 1532-5946 VL - 46 IS - 5 SP - 729 EP - 740 PB - Springer CY - New York ER -