TY  - JOUR
A1  - Volkert, Dorothee
A1  - Beck, Anne Marie
A1  - Cederholm, Tommy
A1  - Cereda, Emanuele
A1  - Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso J.
A1  - Goisser, Sabine
A1  - de Groot, Lisette
A1  - Grosshauser, Franz
A1  - Kiesswetter, Eva
A1  - Norman, Kristina
A1  - Pourhassan, Maryam
A1  - Reinders, Ilse
A1  - Roberts, Helen C.
A1  - Rolland, Yves
A1  - Schneider, Stéphane M.
A1  - Sieber, Cornel
A1  - Thiem, Ulrich
A1  - Visser, Marjolein
A1  - Wijnhoven, Hanneke
A1  - Wirth, Rainer
T1  - Management of malnutrition in older patients
BT  - Current approaches, evidence and open questions
JF  - Journal of Clinical Medicine : open access journal
N2  - Malnutrition is widespread in older people and represents a major geriatric syndrome with multifactorial etiology and severe consequences for health outcomes and quality of life. The aim of the present paper is to describe current approaches and evidence regarding malnutrition treatment and to highlight relevant knowledge gaps that need to be addressed. Recently published guidelines of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) provide a summary of the available evidence and highlight the wide range of different measures that can be taken—from the identification and elimination of potential causes to enteral and parenteral nutrition—depending on the patient’s abilities and needs. However, more than half of the recommendations therein are based on expert consensus because of a lack of evidence, and only three are concern patient-centred outcomes. Future research should further clarify the etiology of malnutrition and identify the most relevant causes in order to prevent malnutrition. Based on limited and partly conflicting evidence and the limitations of existing studies, it remains unclear which interventions are most effective in which patient groups, and if specific situations, diseases or etiologies of malnutrition require specific approaches. Patient-relevant outcomes such as functionality and quality of life need more attention, and research methodology should be harmonised to allow for the comparability of studies.
KW  - Geriatric patients
KW  - older persons
KW  - malnutrition
KW  - therapy
KW  - interventions
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8070974
SN  - 2077-0383
VL  - 8
IS  - 7
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lupien, Rachel L.
A1  - Russell, James M.
A1  - Pearson, Emma J.
A1  - Castaneda, Isla S.
A1  - Asrat, Asfawossen
A1  - Förster, Verena
A1  - Lamb, Henry F.
A1  - Roberts, Helen M.
A1  - Schäbitz, Frank
A1  - Trauth, Martin H.
A1  - Beck, Catherine C.
A1  - Feibel, Craig S.
A1  - Cohen, Andrew S.
T1  - Orbital controls on eastern African hydroclimate in the Pleistocene
JF  - Scientific reports
N2  - Understanding eastern African paleoclimate is critical for contextualizing early human evolution, adaptation, and dispersal, yet Pleistocene climate of this region and its governing mechanisms remain poorly understood due to the lack of long, orbitally-resolved, terrestrial paleoclimate records. Here we present leaf wax hydrogen isotope records of rainfall from paleolake sediment cores from key time windows that resolve long-term trends, variations, and high-latitude effects on tropical African precipitation. Eastern African rainfall was dominantly controlled by variations in low-latitude summer insolation during most of the early and middle Pleistocene, with little evidence that glacial-interglacial cycles impacted rainfall until the late Pleistocene. We observe the influence of high-latitude-driven climate processes emerging from the last interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5) to the present, an interval when glacial-interglacial cycles were strong and insolation forcing was weak. Our results demonstrate a variable response of eastern African rainfall to low-latitude insolation forcing and high-latitude-driven climate change, likely related to the relative strengths of these forcings through time and a threshold in monsoon sensitivity. We observe little difference in mean rainfall between the early, middle, and late Pleistocene, which suggests that orbitally-driven climate variations likely played a more significant role than gradual change in the relationship between early humans and their environment.
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06826-z
SN  - 2045-2322
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PB  - Macmillan Publishers Limited
CY  - London
ER  -