TY - JOUR A1 - Ninaus, Manuel A1 - Moeller, Korbinian A1 - Kaufmann, Liane A1 - Fischer, Martin H. A1 - Nuerk, Hans-Christoph A1 - Wood, Guilherme T1 - Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Directional and Non-directional Spatial-Numerical Associations across the Lifespan JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - There is accumulating evidence suggesting an association of numbers with physical space. However, the origin of such spatial-numerical associations (SNAs) is still debated. In the present study we investigated the development of two SNAs in a cross-sectional study involving children, young and middle-aged adults as well as the elderly: (1) the SNARC (spatial-numerical association of response codes) effect, reflecting a directional SNA; and (2) the numerical bisection bias in a line bisection task with numerical flankers. Results revealed a consistent SNARC effect in all age groups that continuously increased with age. In contrast, a numerical bisection bias was only observed for children and elderly participants, implying an U-shaped distribution of this bias across age groups. Additionally, individual SNARC effects and numerical bisection biases did not correlate significantly. We argue that the SNARC effect seems to be influenced by longer-lasting experiences of cultural constraints such as reading and writing direction and may thus reflect embodied representations. Contrarily, the numerical bisection bias may originate from insufficient inhibition of the semantic influence of irrelevant numerical flankers, which should be more pronounced in children and elderly people due to development and decline of cognitive control, respectively. As there is an ongoing debate on the origins of SNAs in general and the SNARC effect in particular, the present results are discussed in light of these differing accounts in an integrative approach. However, taken together, the present pattern of results suggests that different cognitive mechanisms underlie the SNARC effect and the numerical bisection bias. KW - SNARC effect KW - spatial-numerical bias KW - line bisection task KW - cognitive development KW - aging Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01421 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 8 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - INPR A1 - Kaufmann, Liane A1 - Mazzocco, Michele M. A1 - Dowker, Ann A1 - von Aster, Michael G. A1 - Goebel, Silke M. A1 - Grabner, Roland H. A1 - Henik, Avishai A1 - Jordan, Nancy C. A1 - Karmiloff-Smith, Annette D. A1 - Kucian, Karin A1 - Rubinsten, Orly A1 - Szucs, Denes A1 - Shalev, Ruth A1 - Nuerk, Hans-Christoph T1 - Dyscalculia from a developmental and differential perspective T2 - Frontiers in psychology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00516 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 4 IS - 2 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wasner, Mirjam A1 - Möller, Korbinian A1 - Fischer, Martin H. A1 - Nuerk, Hans-Christoph T1 - Related but not the same: Ordinality, cardinality and 1-to-1 correspondence in finger-based numerical representations JF - Journal of cognitive psychology N2 - Finger-based numerical representations have gained increasing research interest. However, their description and assessment often refer to different numerical principles of ordinality, cardinality and 1-to-1 correspondence. Our aim was to investigate similarities and differences between these principles in finger-based numerical representations. Sixty-eight healthy adults performed ordinal finger counting, cardinal finger montring (showing the number of gestures) and finger-to-number mapping with twisted arms and fingers. We found that counting gestures and montring postures were identical for Number 10 but differed to varying degrees for other numbers. Interestingly, there was no systematic relation between finger-to-number mapping and ordinal finger counting habits. These data question the assumption of a unitary embodied finger-based numerical representation, but suggest that different finger-based representations co-exist and can be recruited flexibly depending on the numerical aspects to be conveyed. KW - Finger-based numerical representations KW - Finger counting KW - 1-to-1 Correspondence KW - Cardinality KW - Ordinality Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2014.964719 SN - 2044-5911 SN - 2044-592X VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 426 EP - 441 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wasner, Mirjam A1 - Moeller, Korbinian A1 - Fischer, Martin H. A1 - Nuerk, Hans-Christoph T1 - Aspects of situated cognition in embodied numerosity: the case of finger counting JF - Cognitive processing : international quarterly of cognitive science N2 - Numerical cognitions such as spatial-numerical associations have been observed to be influenced by grounded, embodied and situated factors. For the case of finger counting, grounded and embodied influences have been reported. However, situated influences, e.g., that reported counting habits change with perception and action within a given situation, have not been systematically examined. To pursue the issue of situatedness of reported finger-counting habits, 458 participants were tested in three separate groups: (1) spontaneous condition: counting with both hands available, (2) perceptual condition: counting with horizontal (left-to-right) perceptual arrangement of fingers (3) perceptual and proprioceptive condition: counting with horizontal (left-to-right) perceptual arrangement of fingers and with busy dominant hand. Report of typical counting habits differed strongly between the three conditions. 28 % reported to start counting with the left hand in the spontaneous counting condition (1), 54 % in the perceptual condition (2) and 62 % in the perceptual and proprioceptive condition (3). Additionally, all participants in the spontaneous counting group showed a symmetry-based counting pattern (with the thumb as number 6), while in the two other groups, a considerable number of participants exhibited a spatially continuous counting pattern (with the pinkie as number 6). Taken together, the study shows that reported finger-counting habits depend on the perceptual and proprioceptive situation and thus are strongly influenced by situated cognition. We suggest that this account reconciles apparently contradictory previous findings of different counting preferences regarding the starting hand in different examination situations. KW - Finger counting KW - Situated cognition KW - Number processing KW - Finger-digit mapping Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-014-0599-z SN - 1612-4782 SN - 1612-4790 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - 317 EP - 328 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER -