TY - JOUR A1 - Sheng, Gui-Lian A1 - Basler, Nikolas A1 - Ji, Xue-Ping A1 - Paijmans, Johanna L. A. A1 - Alberti, Federica A1 - Preick, Michaela A1 - Hartmann, Stefanie A1 - Westbury, Michael V. A1 - Yuan, Jun-Xia A1 - Jablonski, Nina G. A1 - Xenikoudakis, Georgios A1 - Hou, Xin-Dong A1 - Xiao, Bo A1 - Liu, Jian-Hui A1 - Hofreiter, Michael A1 - Lai, Xu-Long A1 - Barlow, Axel T1 - Paleogenome reveals genetic contribution of extinct giant panda to extant populations JF - Current biology N2 - Historically, the giant panda was widely distributed from northern China to southwestern Asia [1]. As a result of range contraction and fragmentation, extant individuals are currently restricted to fragmented mountain ranges on the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, where they are distributed among three major population clusters [2]. However, little is known about the genetic consequences of this dramatic range contraction. For example, were regions where giant pandas previously existed occupied by ancestors of present-day populations, or were these regions occupied by genetically distinct populations that are now extinct? If so, is there any contribution of these extinct populations to the genomes of giant pandas living today? To investigate these questions, we sequenced the nuclear genome of an similar to 5,000-year-old giant panda from Jiangdongshan, Teng-chong County in Yunnan Province, China. We find that this individual represents a genetically distinct population that diverged prior to the diversification of modern giant panda populations. We find evidence of differential admixture with this ancient population among modern individuals originating from different populations as well as within the same population. We also find evidence for directional gene flow, which transferred alleles from the ancient population into the modern giant panda lineages. A variable proportion of the genomes of extant individuals is therefore likely derived from the ancient population represented by our sequenced individual. Although extant giant panda populations retain reasonable genetic diversity, our results suggest that this represents only part of the genetic diversity this species harbored prior to its recent range contractions. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.021 SN - 0960-9822 SN - 1879-0445 VL - 29 IS - 10 SP - 1695 EP - 1700 PB - Cell Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chipman, Ariel D. A1 - Ferrier, David E. K. A1 - Brena, Carlo A1 - Qu, Jiaxin A1 - Hughes, Daniel S. T. A1 - Schroeder, Reinhard A1 - Torres-Oliva, Montserrat A1 - Znassi, Nadia A1 - Jiang, Huaiyang A1 - Almeida, Francisca C. A1 - Alonso, Claudio R. A1 - Apostolou, Zivkos A1 - Aqrawi, Peshtewani A1 - Arthur, Wallace A1 - Barna, Jennifer C. J. A1 - Blankenburg, Kerstin P. A1 - Brites, Daniela A1 - Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador A1 - Coyle, Marcus A1 - Dearden, Peter K. A1 - Du Pasquier, Louis A1 - Duncan, Elizabeth J. A1 - Ebert, Dieter A1 - Eibner, Cornelius A1 - Erikson, Galina A1 - Evans, Peter D. A1 - Extavour, Cassandra G. A1 - Francisco, Liezl A1 - Gabaldon, Toni A1 - Gillis, William J. A1 - Goodwin-Horn, Elizabeth A. A1 - Green, Jack E. A1 - Griffiths-Jones, Sam A1 - Grimmelikhuijzen, Cornelis J. P. A1 - Gubbala, Sai A1 - Guigo, Roderic A1 - Han, Yi A1 - Hauser, Frank A1 - Havlak, Paul A1 - Hayden, Luke A1 - Helbing, Sophie A1 - Holder, Michael A1 - Hui, Jerome H. L. A1 - Hunn, Julia P. A1 - Hunnekuhl, Vera S. A1 - Jackson, LaRonda A1 - Javaid, Mehwish A1 - Jhangiani, Shalini N. A1 - Jiggins, Francis M. A1 - Jones, Tamsin E. A1 - Kaiser, Tobias S. A1 - Kalra, Divya A1 - Kenny, Nathan J. A1 - Korchina, Viktoriya A1 - Kovar, Christie L. A1 - Kraus, F. Bernhard A1 - Lapraz, Francois A1 - Lee, Sandra L. A1 - Lv, Jie A1 - Mandapat, Christigale A1 - Manning, Gerard A1 - Mariotti, Marco A1 - Mata, Robert A1 - Mathew, Tittu A1 - Neumann, Tobias A1 - Newsham, Irene A1 - Ngo, Dinh N. A1 - Ninova, Maria A1 - Okwuonu, Geoffrey A1 - Ongeri, Fiona A1 - Palmer, William J. A1 - Patil, Shobha A1 - Patraquim, Pedro A1 - Pham, Christopher A1 - Pu, Ling-Ling A1 - Putman, Nicholas H. A1 - Rabouille, Catherine A1 - Ramos, Olivia Mendivil A1 - Rhodes, Adelaide C. A1 - Robertson, Helen E. A1 - Robertson, Hugh M. A1 - Ronshaugen, Matthew A1 - Rozas, Julio A1 - Saada, Nehad A1 - Sanchez-Gracia, Alejandro A1 - Scherer, Steven E. A1 - Schurko, Andrew M. A1 - Siggens, Kenneth W. A1 - Simmons, DeNard A1 - Stief, Anna A1 - Stolle, Eckart A1 - Telford, Maximilian J. A1 - Tessmar-Raible, Kristin A1 - Thornton, Rebecca A1 - van der Zee, Maurijn A1 - von Haeseler, Arndt A1 - Williams, James M. A1 - Willis, Judith H. A1 - Wu, Yuanqing A1 - Zou, Xiaoyan A1 - Lawson, Daniel A1 - Muzny, Donna M. A1 - Worley, Kim C. A1 - Gibbs, Richard A. A1 - Akam, Michael A1 - Richards, Stephen T1 - The first myriapod genome sequence reveals conservative arthropod gene content and genome organisation in the centipede Strigamia maritima JF - PLoS biology N2 - Myriapods (e. g., centipedes and millipedes) display a simple homonomous body plan relative to other arthropods. All members of the class are terrestrial, but they attained terrestriality independently of insects. Myriapoda is the only arthropod class not represented by a sequenced genome. We present an analysis of the genome of the centipede Strigamia maritima. It retains a compact genome that has undergone less gene loss and shuffling than previously sequenced arthropods, and many orthologues of genes conserved from the bilaterian ancestor that have been lost in insects. Our analysis locates many genes in conserved macro-synteny contexts, and many small-scale examples of gene clustering. We describe several examples where S. maritima shows different solutions from insects to similar problems. The insect olfactory receptor gene family is absent from S. maritima, and olfaction in air is likely effected by expansion of other receptor gene families. For some genes S. maritima has evolved paralogues to generate coding sequence diversity, where insects use alternate splicing. This is most striking for the Dscam gene, which in Drosophila generates more than 100,000 alternate splice forms, but in S. maritima is encoded by over 100 paralogues. We see an intriguing linkage between the absence of any known photosensory proteins in a blind organism and the additional absence of canonical circadian clock genes. The phylogenetic position of myriapods allows us to identify where in arthropod phylogeny several particular molecular mechanisms and traits emerged. For example, we conclude that juvenile hormone signalling evolved with the emergence of the exoskeleton in the arthropods and that RR-1 containing cuticle proteins evolved in the lineage leading to Mandibulata. We also identify when various gene expansions and losses occurred. The genome of S. maritima offers us a unique glimpse into the ancestral arthropod genome, while also displaying many adaptations to its specific life history. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002005 SN - 1545-7885 VL - 12 IS - 11 PB - PLoS CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - JOUR A1 - King, Turi E. A1 - Gonzalez-Fortes, Gloria M. A1 - Balaresque, Patricia A1 - Thomas, Mark G. A1 - Balding, David A1 - Delser, Pierpaolo Maisano A1 - Neumann, Rita A1 - Parson, Walther A1 - Knapp, Michael A1 - Walsh, Susan A1 - Tonasso, Laure A1 - Holt, John A1 - Kayser, Manfred A1 - Appleby, Jo A1 - Forster, Peter A1 - Ekserdjian, David A1 - Hofreiter, Michael A1 - Schuerer, Kevin T1 - Identification of the remains of King Richard III JF - Nature Communications Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6631 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 5 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mitzner, Rolf A1 - Rehanek, Jens A1 - Kern, Jan A1 - Gul, Sheraz A1 - Hattne, Johan A1 - Taguchi, Taketo A1 - Alonso-Mori, Roberto A1 - Tran, Rosalie A1 - Weniger, Christian A1 - Schröder, Henning A1 - Quevedo, Wilson A1 - Laksmono, Hartawan A1 - Sierra, Raymond G. A1 - Han, Guangye A1 - Lassalle-Kaiser, Benedikt A1 - Koroidov, Sergey A1 - Kubicek, Katharina A1 - Schreck, Simon A1 - Kunnus, Kristjan A1 - Brzhezinskaya, Maria A1 - Firsov, Alexander A1 - Minitti, Michael P. A1 - Turner, Joshua J. A1 - Möller, Stefan A1 - Sauter, Nicholas K. A1 - Bogan, Michael J. A1 - Nordlund, Dennis A1 - Schlotter, William F. A1 - Messinger, Johannes A1 - Borovik, Andrew S. A1 - Techert, Simone A1 - de Groot, Frank M. F. A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander A1 - Erko, Alexei A1 - Bergmann, Uwe A1 - Yachandra, Vittal K. A1 - Wernet, Philippe A1 - Yano, Junko T1 - L-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy of dilute systems relevant to metalloproteins using an X-ray free-electron laser JF - The journal of physical chemistry letters N2 - L-edge spectroscopy of 3d transition metals provides important electronic structure information and has been used in many fields. However, the use of this method for studying dilute aqueous systems, such as metalloenzymes, has not been prevalent because of severe radiation damage and the lack of suitable detection systems. Here we present spectra from a dilute Mn aqueous solution using a high-transmission zone-plate spectrometer at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). The spectrometer has been optimized for discriminating the Mn L-edge signal from the overwhelming 0 K-edge background that arises from water and protein itself, and the ultrashort LCLS X-ray pulses can outrun X-ray induced damage. We show that the deviations of the partial-fluorescence yield-detected spectra from the true absorption can be well modeled using the state-dependence of the fluorescence yield, and discuss implications for the application of our concept to biological samples. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/jz401837f SN - 1948-7185 VL - 4 IS - 21 SP - 3641 EP - 3647 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herrero, Mario A1 - Thornton, Philip K. A1 - Mason-D'Croz, Daniel A1 - Palmer, Jeda A1 - Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon A1 - Pradhan, Prajal A1 - Barrett, Christopher B. A1 - Benton, Tim G. A1 - Hall, Andrew A1 - Pikaar, Ilje A1 - Bogard, Jessica R. A1 - Bonnett, Graham D. A1 - Bryan, Brett A. A1 - Campbell, Bruce M. A1 - Christensen, Svend A1 - Clark, Michael A1 - Fanzo, Jessica A1 - Godde, Cecile M. A1 - Jarvis, Andy A1 - Loboguerrero, Ana Maria A1 - Mathys, Alexander A1 - McIntyre, C. Lynne A1 - Naylor, Rosamond L. A1 - Nelson, Rebecca A1 - Obersteiner, Michael A1 - Parodi, Alejandro A1 - Popp, Alexander A1 - Ricketts, Katie A1 - Smith, Pete A1 - Valin, Hugo A1 - Vermeulen, Sonja J. A1 - Vervoort, Joost A1 - van Wijk, Mark A1 - van Zanten, Hannah H. E. A1 - West, Paul C. A1 - Wood, Stephen A. A1 - Rockström, Johan T1 - Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals JF - The lancet Planetary health N2 - Food system innovations will be instrumental to achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, major innovation breakthroughs can trigger profound and disruptive changes, leading to simultaneous and interlinked reconfigurations of multiple parts of the global food system. The emergence of new technologies or social solutions, therefore, have very different impact profiles, with favourable consequences for some SDGs and unintended adverse side-effects for others. Stand-alone innovations seldom achieve positive outcomes over multiple sustainability dimensions. Instead, they should be embedded as part of systemic changes that facilitate the implementation of the SDGs. Emerging trade-offs need to be intentionally addressed to achieve true sustainability, particularly those involving social aspects like inequality in its many forms, social justice, and strong institutions, which remain challenging. Trade-offs with undesirable consequences are manageable through the development of well planned transition pathways, careful monitoring of key indicators, and through the implementation of transparent science targets at the local level. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30277-1 SN - 2542-5196 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - E50 EP - E62 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nathan, Ran A1 - Monk, Christopher T. A1 - Arlinghaus, Robert A1 - Adam, Timo A1 - Alós, Josep A1 - Assaf, Michael A1 - Baktoft, Henrik A1 - Beardsworth, Christine E. A1 - Bertram, Michael G. A1 - Bijleveld, Allert A1 - Brodin, Tomas A1 - Brooks, Jill L. A1 - Campos-Candela, Andrea A1 - Cooke, Steven J. A1 - Gjelland, Karl O. A1 - Gupte, Pratik R. A1 - Harel, Roi A1 - Hellstrom, Gustav A1 - Jeltsch, Florian A1 - Killen, Shaun S. A1 - Klefoth, Thomas A1 - Langrock, Roland A1 - Lennox, Robert J. A1 - Lourie, Emmanuel A1 - Madden, Joah R. A1 - Orchan, Yotam A1 - Pauwels, Ine S. A1 - Riha, Milan A1 - Röleke, Manuel A1 - Schlägel, Ulrike A1 - Shohami, David A1 - Signer, Johannes A1 - Toledo, Sivan A1 - Vilk, Ohad A1 - Westrelin, Samuel A1 - Whiteside, Mark A. A1 - Jaric, Ivan T1 - Big-data approaches lead to an increased understanding of the ecology of animal movement JF - Science N2 - Understanding animal movement is essential to elucidate how animals interact, survive, and thrive in a changing world. Recent technological advances in data collection and management have transformed our understanding of animal "movement ecology" (the integrated study of organismal movement), creating a big-data discipline that benefits from rapid, cost-effective generation of large amounts of data on movements of animals in the wild. These high-throughput wildlife tracking systems now allow more thorough investigation of variation among individuals and species across space and time, the nature of biological interactions, and behavioral responses to the environment. Movement ecology is rapidly expanding scientific frontiers through large interdisciplinary and collaborative frameworks, providing improved opportunities for conservation and insights into the movements of wild animals, and their causes and consequences. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg1780 SN - 0036-8075 SN - 1095-9203 VL - 375 IS - 6582 SP - 734 EP - + PB - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marks, Richard G. A1 - Musch, Sebastian A1 - Haußig, Hans-Michael A1 - Weiss, Aleš A1 - Albeck-Gidron, Rachel A1 - Sigalow, Emily A1 - Ariel, Yaakov S. A1 - Niculescu, Mira A1 - Landau, David A1 - Rageth, Nina A1 - Ichikawa, Hiroshi A1 - Rohland, Eva A1 - Czendze, Oskar A1 - Reich, Tamar Chana A1 - Schulz, Michael Karl A1 - Arnold, Rafael D. A1 - Anderl, Gabriele A1 - Gempp-Friedrich, Tilmann A1 - Liu, Yongqiang A1 - Battenberg, J. Friedrich A1 - Reichert, Carmen A1 - Riemer, Nathanael A1 - Krah, Markus A1 - Thulin, Mirjam ED - Riemer, Nathanael ED - Albeck-Gidron, Rachel ED - Krah, Markus T1 - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien = JewBus, Jewish Hindus & other Jewish Encounters with East Asian Religions T2 - PaRDeS N2 - PaRDeS. Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V., möchte die fruchtbare und facettenreiche Kultur des Judentums sowie seine Berührungspunkte zur Umwelt in den unterschiedlichen Bereichen dokumentieren. Daneben dient die Zeitschrift als Forum zur Positionierung der Fächer Jüdische Studien und Judaistik innerhalb des wissenschaftlichen Diskurses sowie zur Diskussion ihrer historischen und gesellschaftlichen Verantwortung. N2 - PaRDeS. Journal of the Association of Jewish Studies e.V. The journal aims at documenting the fruitful and multifarious culture of Judaism as well as its relations to its environment within diverse areas of research. In addition, the journal is meant to promote Jewish Studies within academic discourse and discuss its historic and social responsibility. T3 - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. - 23 Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-402536 SN - 978-3-86956-418-0 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 23 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Förstner, Bernd Rainer A1 - Böttger, Sarah Jane A1 - Moldavski, Alexander A1 - Bajbouj, Malek A1 - Pfennig, Andrea A1 - Manook, Andre A1 - Ising, Marcus A1 - Pittig, Andre A1 - Heinig, Ingmar A1 - Heinz, Andreas A1 - Mathiak, Klaus A1 - Schulze, Thomas G. A1 - Schneider, Frank A1 - Kamp-Becker, Inge A1 - Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas A1 - Padberg, Frank A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Bauer, Michael A1 - Rupprecht, Rainer A1 - Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Tschorn, Mira T1 - The associations of positive and negative valence systems, cognitive systems and social processes on disease severity in anxiety and depressive disorders JF - Frontiers in psychiatry N2 - Background Anxiety and depressive disorders share common features of mood dysfunctions. This has stimulated interest in transdiagnostic dimensional research as proposed by the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) approach by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) aiming to improve the understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the processing of RDoC domains in relation to disease severity in order to identify latent disorder-specific as well as transdiagnostic indicators of disease severity in patients with anxiety and depressive disorders. Methods Within the German research network for mental disorders, 895 participants (n = 476 female, n = 602 anxiety disorder, n = 257 depressive disorder) were recruited for the Phenotypic, Diagnostic and Clinical Domain Assessment Network Germany (PD-CAN) and included in this cross-sectional study. We performed incremental regression models to investigate the association of four RDoC domains on disease severity in patients with affective disorders: Positive (PVS) and Negative Valance System (NVS), Cognitive Systems (CS) and Social Processes (SP). Results The results confirmed a transdiagnostic relationship for all four domains, as we found significant main effects on disease severity within domain-specific models (PVS: & beta; = -0.35; NVS: & beta; = 0.39; CS: & beta; = -0.12; SP: & beta; = -0.32). We also found three significant interaction effects with main diagnosis showing a disease-specific association. Limitations The cross-sectional study design prevents causal conclusions. Further limitations include possible outliers and heteroskedasticity in all regression models which we appropriately controlled for. Conclusion Our key results show that symptom burden in anxiety and depressive disorders is associated with latent RDoC indicators in transdiagnostic and disease-specific ways. KW - Research Domain Criteria KW - depression KW - anxiety disoders KW - disease severity KW - transdiagnostic KW - RDoC Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1161097 SN - 1664-0640 VL - 14 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zech, Hilmar G. A1 - Reichert, Markus A1 - Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W. A1 - Tost, Heike A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Heinz, Andreas A1 - Dolan, Raymond J. A1 - Smolka, Michael N. A1 - Deserno, Lorenz T1 - Mobile data collection of cognitive-behavioral tasks in substance use disorders: Where are we now? JF - Neuropsychobiology N2 - Introduction: Over the last decades, our understanding of the cognitive, motivational, and neural processes involved in addictive behavior has increased enormously. A plethora of laboratory-based and cross-sectional studies has linked cognitive-behavioral measures to between-subject differences in drinking behavior. However, such laboratory-based studies inevitably suffer from small sample sizes and the inability to link temporal fluctuations in task measures to fluctuations in real-life substance use. To overcome these problems, several existing behavioral tasks have been transferred to smartphones to allow studying cognition in the field. Method: In this narrative review, we first summarize studies that used existing behavioral tasks in the laboratory and self-reports of substance use with ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in the field. Next, we review studies on psychometric properties of smartphone-based behavioral tasks. Finally, we review studies that used both smartphone-based tasks and self-reports with EMA in the field. Results: Overall, studies were scarce and heterogenous both in tasks and in study outcomes. Nevertheless, existing findings are promising and point toward several methodological recommendations: concerning psychometrics, studies show that - although more systematic studies are necessary - task validity and reliability can be improved, for example, by analyzing several measurement sessions at once rather than analyzing sessions separately. Studies that use tasks in the field, moreover, show that power can be improved by choosing sampling schemes that combine time-based with event-based sampling, rather than relying on time-based sampling alone. Increasing sampling frequency can further increase power. However, as this also increases the burden to participants, more research is necessary to determine the ideal sampling frequency for each task. Conclusion: Although more research is necessary to systematically study both the psychometrics of smartphone-based tasks and the frequency at which task measures fluctuate, existing studies are promising and reveal important methodological recommendations useful for researchers interested in implementing behavioral tasks in EMA studies. KW - Ecological momentary assessment KW - Behavioral tasks KW - Smartphone KW - Substance use KW - Addiction Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1159/000523697 SN - 0302-282X SN - 1423-0224 VL - 81 IS - 5 SP - 438 EP - 450 PB - Karger CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gancheva, Sofiya A1 - Ouni, Meriem A1 - Jelenik, Tomas A1 - Koliaki, Chrysi A1 - Szendroedi, Julia A1 - Toledo, Frederico G. S. A1 - Markgraf, Daniel Frank A1 - Pesta, Dominik H. A1 - Mastrototaro, Lucia A1 - De Filippo, Elisabetta A1 - Herder, Christian A1 - Jähnert, Markus A1 - Weiss, Jürgen A1 - Strassburger, Klaus A1 - Schlensak, Matthias A1 - Schürmann, Annette A1 - Roden, Michael T1 - Dynamic changes of muscle insulin sensitivity after metabolic surgery JF - Nature Communications N2 - The mechanisms underlying improved insulin sensitivity after surgically-induced weight loss are still unclear. We monitored skeletal muscle metabolism in obese individuals before and over 52 weeks after metabolic surgery. Initial weight loss occurs in parallel with a decrease in muscle oxidative capacity and respiratory control ratio. Persistent elevation of intramyocellular lipid intermediates, likely resulting from unrestrained adipose tissue lipolysis, accompanies the lack of rapid changes in insulin sensitivity. Simultaneously, alterations in skeletal muscle expression of genes involved in calcium/lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function associate with subsequent distinct DNA methylation patterns at 52 weeks after surgery. Thus, initial unfavorable metabolic changes including insulin resistance of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle precede epigenetic modifications of genes involved in muscle energy metabolism and the long-term improvement of insulin sensitivity. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12081-0 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 10 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sinclair, Nathalie A1 - Bussi, Maria G. Bartolini A1 - de Villiers, Michael A1 - Jones, Keith A1 - Kortenkamp, Ulrich A1 - Leung, Allen A1 - Owens, Kay T1 - Recent research on geometry education: an ICME-13 survey team report JF - ZDM : The International Journal on Mathematics Education N2 - This survey on the theme of Geometry Education (including new technologies) focuses chiefly on the time span since 2008. Based on our review of the research literature published during this time span (in refereed journal articles, conference proceedings and edited books), we have jointly identified seven major threads of contributions that span from the early years of learning (pre-school and primary school) through to post-compulsory education and to the issue of mathematics teacher education for geometry. These threads are as follows: developments and trends in the use of theories; advances in the understanding of visuo spatial reasoning; the use and role of diagrams and gestures; advances in the understanding of the role of digital technologies; advances in the understanding of the teaching and learning of definitions; advances in the understanding of the teaching and learning of the proving process; and, moving beyond traditional Euclidean approaches. Within each theme, we identify relevant research and also offer commentary on future directions. KW - Geometry KW - Technology KW - Diagrams KW - Definitions KW - Gestures KW - Proving KW - Digital technology KW - Visuospatial reasoning Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-016-0796-6 SN - 1863-9690 SN - 1863-9704 VL - 48 SP - 691 EP - 719 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kucian, Karin A1 - Zuber, Isabelle A1 - Kohn, Juliane A1 - Poltz, Nadine A1 - Wyschkon, Anne A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - von Aster, Michael G. T1 - Relation Between Mathematical Performance, Math Anxiety, and Affective Priming in Children With and Without Developmental Dyscalculia JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - Many children show negative emotions related to mathematics and some even develop mathematics anxiety. The present study focused on the relation between negative emotions and arithmetical performance in children with and without developmental dyscalculia (DD) using an affective priming task. Previous findings suggested that arithmetic performance is influenced if an affective prime precedes the presentation of an arithmetic problem. In children with DD specifically, responses to arithmetic operations are supposed to be facilitated by both negative and mathematics-related primes (= negative math priming effect). We investigated mathematical performance, math anxiety, and the domain-general abilities of 172 primary school children (76 with DD and 96 controls). All participants also underwent an affective priming task which consisted of the decision whether a simple arithmetic operation (addition or subtraction) that was preceded by a prime (positive/negative/neutral or mathematics-related) was true or false. Our findings did not reveal a negative math priming effect in children with DD. Furthermore, when considering accuracy levels, gender, or math anxiety, the negative math priming effect could not be replicated. However, children with DD showed more math anxiety when explicitly assessed by a specific math anxiety interview and showed lower mathematical performance compared to controls. Moreover, math anxiety was equally present in boys and girls, even in the earliest stages of schooling, and interfered negatively with performance. In conclusion, mathematics is often associated with negative emotions that can be manifested in specific math anxiety, particularly in children with DD. Importantly, present findings suggest that in the assessed age group, it is more reliable to judge math anxiety and investigate its effects on mathematical performance explicitly by adequate questionnaires than by an affective math priming task. KW - developmental dyscalculia KW - mathematics KW - affective priming KW - calculation KW - arithmetic KW - anxiety KW - gender KW - children Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00263 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bridwell, David A. A1 - Cavanagh, James F. A1 - Collins, Anne G. E. A1 - Nunez, Michael D. A1 - Srinivasan, Ramesh A1 - Stober, Sebastian A1 - Calhoun, Vince D. T1 - Moving Beyond ERP Components BT - a selective review of approaches to integrate EEG and behavior JF - Frontiers in human neuroscienc N2 - Relationships between neuroimaging measures and behavior provide important clues about brain function and cognition in healthy and clinical populations. While electroencephalography (EEG) provides a portable, low cost measure of brain dynamics, it has been somewhat underrepresented in the emerging field of model-based inference. We seek to address this gap in this article by highlighting the utility of linking EEG and behavior, with an emphasis on approaches for EEG analysis that move beyond focusing on peaks or "components" derived from averaging EEG responses across trials and subjects (generating the event-related potential, ERP). First, we review methods for deriving features from EEG in order to enhance the signal within single-trials. These methods include filtering based on user-defined features (i.e., frequency decomposition, time-frequency decomposition), filtering based on data-driven properties (i.e., blind source separation, BSS), and generating more abstract representations of data (e.g., using deep learning). We then review cognitive models which extract latent variables from experimental tasks, including the drift diffusion model (DDM) and reinforcement learning (RL) approaches. Next, we discuss ways to access associations among these measures, including statistical models, data-driven joint models and cognitive joint modeling using hierarchical Bayesian models (HBMs). We think that these methodological tools are likely to contribute to theoretical advancements, and will help inform our understandings of brain dynamics that contribute to moment-to-moment cognitive function. KW - EEG KW - ERP KW - blind source separation KW - partial least squares KW - canonical correlations analysis KW - representational similarity analysis KW - deep learning KW - hierarchical Bayesian model Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00106 SN - 1662-5161 VL - 12 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Siska, Veronika A1 - Jones, Eppie Ruth A1 - Jeon, Sungwon A1 - Bhak, Youngjune A1 - Kim, Hak-Min A1 - Cho, Yun Sung A1 - Kim, Hyunho A1 - Lee, Kyusang A1 - Veselovskaya, Elizaveta A1 - Balueva, Tatiana A1 - Gallego-Llorente, Marcos A1 - Hofreiter, Michael A1 - Bradley, Daniel G. A1 - Eriksson, Anders A1 - Pinhasi, Ron A1 - Bhak, Jong A1 - Manica, Andrea T1 - Genome-wide data from two early Neolithic East Asian individuals dating to 7700 years ago T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Ancient genomes have revolutionized our understanding of Holocene prehistory and, particularly, the Neolithic transition in western Eurasia. In contrast, East Asia has so far received little attention, despite representing a core region at which the Neolithic transition took place independently similar to 3 millennia after its onset in the Near East. We report genome-wide data from two hunter-gatherers from Devil's Gate, an early Neolithic cave site (dated to similar to 7.7 thousand years ago) located in East Asia, on the border between Russia and Korea. Both of these individuals are genetically most similar to geographically close modern populations from the Amur Basin, all speaking Tungusic languages, and, in particular, to the Ulchi. The similarity to nearby modern populations and the low levels of additional genetic material in the Ulchi imply a high level of genetic continuity in this region during the Holocene, a pattern that markedly contrasts with that reported for Europe. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 791 KW - Mitochondrial-DNA analysis KW - positive selection KW - jomon skeletons KW - ancient DNA KW - pigmentation KW - population KW - admixture KW - edar KW - gene KW - polymorohism Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-439977 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 791 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Van Hout, Cristopher V. A1 - Tachmazidou, Ioanna A1 - Backman, Joshua D. A1 - Hoffman, Joshua D. A1 - Liu, Daren A1 - Pandey, Ashutosh K. A1 - Gonzaga-Jauregui, Claudia A1 - Khalid, Shareef A1 - Ye, Bin A1 - Banerjee, Nilanjana A1 - Li, Alexander H. A1 - O'Dushlaine, Colm A1 - Marcketta, Anthony A1 - Staples, Jeffrey A1 - Schurmann, Claudia A1 - Hawes, Alicia A1 - Maxwell, Evan A1 - Barnard, Leland A1 - Lopez, Alexander A1 - Penn, John A1 - Habegger, Lukas A1 - Blumenfeld, Andrew L. A1 - Bai, Xiaodong A1 - O'Keeffe, Sean A1 - Yadav, Ashish A1 - Praveen, Kavita A1 - Jones, Marcus A1 - Salerno, William J. A1 - Chung, Wendy K. A1 - Surakka, Ida A1 - Willer, Cristen J. A1 - Hveem, Kristian A1 - Leader, Joseph B. A1 - Carey, David J. A1 - Ledbetter, David H. A1 - Cardon, Lon A1 - Yancopoulos, George D. A1 - Economides, Aris A1 - Coppola, Giovanni A1 - Shuldiner, Alan R. A1 - Balasubramanian, Suganthi A1 - Cantor, Michael A1 - Nelson, Matthew R. A1 - Whittaker, John A1 - Reid, Jeffrey G. A1 - Marchini, Jonathan A1 - Overton, John D. A1 - Scott, Robert A. A1 - Abecasis, Goncalo R. A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M. A1 - Baras, Aris T1 - Exome sequencing and characterization of 49,960 individuals in the UK Biobank JF - Nature : the international weekly journal of science N2 - The UK Biobank is a prospective study of 502,543 individuals, combining extensive phenotypic and genotypic data with streamlined access for researchers around the world(1). Here we describe the release of exome-sequence data for the first 49,960 study participants, revealing approximately 4 million coding variants (of which around 98.6% have a frequency of less than 1%). The data include 198,269 autosomal predicted loss-of-function (LOF) variants, a more than 14-fold increase compared to the imputed sequence. Nearly all genes (more than 97%) had at least one carrier with a LOF variant, and most genes (more than 69%) had at least ten carriers with a LOF variant. We illustrate the power of characterizing LOF variants in this population through association analyses across 1,730 phenotypes. In addition to replicating established associations, we found novel LOF variants with large effects on disease traits, includingPIEZO1on varicose veins,COL6A1on corneal resistance,MEPEon bone density, andIQGAP2andGMPRon blood cell traits. We further demonstrate the value of exome sequencing by surveying the prevalence of pathogenic variants of clinical importance, and show that 2% of this population has a medically actionable variant. Furthermore, we characterize the penetrance of cancer in carriers of pathogenicBRCA1andBRCA2variants. Exome sequences from the first 49,960 participants highlight the promise of genome sequencing in large population-based studies and are now accessible to the scientific community.
Exome sequences from the first 49,960 participants in the UK Biobank highlight the promise of genome sequencing in large population-based studies and are now accessible to the scientific community. KW - clinical exome KW - breast-cancer KW - mutations KW - recommendations KW - gene KW - metaanalysis KW - variants, KW - BRCA1 KW - risk KW - susceptibility Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2853-0 SN - 0028-0836 SN - 1476-4687 VL - 586 IS - 7831 SP - 749 EP - 756 PB - Macmillan Publishers Limited CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barbier, Guillaume A1 - Oesterhelt, Christine A1 - Larson, Matthew D. A1 - Halgren, Robert G. A1 - Wilkerson, Curtis A1 - Garavito, Michael R. A1 - Benning, Christoph A1 - Weber, Andreas P. M. T1 - Comparative genomics of two closely related unicellular thermo-acidophilic red algae, Galdieria sulphuraria and Cyanidioschyzon merolae, reveals the molecular basis of the metabolic flexibility of Galdieria sulphuraria and sigant differences in carbohydrate metabolism of both algae N2 - Unicellular algae serve as models for the study and discovery of metabolic pathways, for the functional dissection of cell biological processes such as organellar division and cell motility, and for the identification of novel genes and gene functions. The recent completion of several algal genome sequences and expressed sequence tag collections and the establishment of nuclear and organellar transformation methods has opened the way for functional genomics approaches using algal model systems. The thermo-acidophilic unicellular red alga Galdieria sulphuraria represents a particularly interesting species for a genomics approach owing to its extraordinary metabolic versatility such as heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth on more than 50 different carbon sources and its adaptation to hot acidic environments. However, the ab initio prediction of genes required for unknown metabolic pathways from genome sequences is not trivial. A compelling strategy for gene identification is the comparison of similarly sized genomes of related organisms with different physiologies. Using this approach, candidate genes were identified that are critical to the metabolic versatility of Galdieria. Expressed sequence tags and high-throughput genomic sequence reads covering >70% of the G. sulphuraria genome were compared to the genome of the unicellular, obligate photoautotrophic red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae. More than 30% of the Galdieria sequences did not relate to any of the Cyandioschyzon genes. A closer inspection of these sequences revealed a large number of membrane transporters and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism that are unique to Galdieria. Based on these data, it is proposed that genes involved in the uptake of reduced carbon compounds and enzymes involved in their metabolism are crucial to the metabolic flexibility of G. sulphuraria Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sankaran, Mahesh A1 - Hanan, Niall P. A1 - Scholes, Robert J. A1 - Ratnam, Jayashree A1 - Cade, Brian S. A1 - Ardo, Jonas A1 - Augustine, David J. A1 - Banyikwa, Feetham A1 - Bronn, Andries A1 - Bucini, Gabriela A1 - Caylor, Kelly K. A1 - Coughenour, Michael B. A1 - Diouf, Alioune A1 - Feral, Christie J. A1 - February, Edmund C. A1 - Frost, Peter G. H. T1 - Determinants of woody cover in African savannas N2 - Savannas are globally important ecosystems of great significance to human economies. In these biomes, which are characterized by the co-dominance of trees and grasses, woody cover is a chief determinant of ecosystem properties(1-3). The availability of resources ( water, nutrients) and disturbance regimes ( fire, herbivory) are thought to be important in regulating woody cover(1,2,4,5), but perceptions differ on which of these are the primary drivers of savanna structure. Here we show, using data from 854 sites across Africa, that maximum woody cover in savannas receiving a mean annual precipitation (MAP) of less than similar to 650 mm is constrained by, and increases linearly with, MAP. These arid and semi-arid savannas may be considered 'stable' systems in which water constrains woody cover and permits grasses to coexist, while fire, herbivory and soil properties interact to reduce woody cover below the MAP- controlled upper bound. Above a MAP of similar to 650 mm, savannas are 'unstable' systems in which MAP is sufficient for woody canopy closure, and disturbances ( fire, herbivory) are required for the coexistence of trees and grass. These results provide insights into the nature of African savannas and suggest that future changes in precipitation(6) may considerably affect their distribution and dynamics Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Flögel, W.-A, A1 - Märker, Michael A1 - Moretti, S. A1 - Rodolfi, G. T1 - Integrating GIS, Remote Sensing, Ground Trouthing and Modelling Approaches for Regional Erosion Classification of semiarid catchments in South Africa and Swaziland Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sidorchuk, A. A1 - Märker, Michael A1 - Moretti, S. A1 - Rodolfi, G. T1 - Gully erosion modelling and landscape response in the Mbuluzi River catchment of Swaziland Y1 - 2003 SN - 0341-8162 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kamlage, Stefan A1 - Sefkow, Michael A1 - Zimmermann, Nicole A1 - Peter, Martin G. T1 - Concise synthesis of (+)-beta-benzyl gamma-butyrolactones from butynediol Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bridwell, David A. A1 - Cavanagh, James F. A1 - Collins, Anne G. E. A1 - Nunez, Michael D. A1 - Srinivasan, Ramesh A1 - Stober, Sebastian A1 - Calhoun, Vince D. T1 - Moving beyond ERP components BT - a selective review of approaches to integrate EEG and behavior T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Relationships between neuroimaging measures and behavior provide important clues about brain function and cognition in healthy and clinical populations. While electroencephalography (EEG) provides a portable, low cost measure of brain dynamics, it has been somewhat underrepresented in the emerging field of model-based inference. We seek to address this gap in this article by highlighting the utility of linking EEG and behavior, with an emphasis on approaches for EEG analysis that move beyond focusing on peaks or "components" derived from averaging EEG responses across trials and subjects (generating the event-related potential, ERP). First, we review methods for deriving features from EEG in order to enhance the signal within single-trials. These methods include filtering based on user-defined features (i.e., frequency decomposition, time-frequency decomposition), filtering based on data-driven properties (i.e., blind source separation, BSS), and generating more abstract representations of data (e.g., using deep learning). We then review cognitive models which extract latent variables from experimental tasks, including the drift diffusion model (DDM) and reinforcement learning (RL) approaches. Next, we discuss ways to access associations among these measures, including statistical models, data-driven joint models and cognitive joint modeling using hierarchical Bayesian models (HBMs). We think that these methodological tools are likely to contribute to theoretical advancements, and will help inform our understandings of brain dynamics that contribute to moment-to-moment cognitive function. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 656 KW - EEG KW - ERP KW - blind source separation KW - partial least squares KW - canonical correlations analysis KW - representational similarity analysis KW - deep learning KW - hierarchical Bayesian model Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-459667 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 656 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kucian, Karin A1 - Zuber, Isabelle A1 - Kohn, Juliane A1 - Poltz, Nadine A1 - Wyschkon, Anne A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - von Aster, Michael G. T1 - Relation between mathematical performance, math anxiety, and affective priming in children with and without developmental dyscalculia T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Many children show negative emotions related to mathematics and some even develop mathematics anxiety. The present study focused on the relation between negative emotions and arithmetical performance in children with and without developmental dyscalculia (DD) using an affective priming task. Previous findings suggested that arithmetic performance is influenced if an affective prime precedes the presentation of an arithmetic problem. In children with DD specifically, responses to arithmetic operations are supposed to be facilitated by both negative and mathematics-related primes (= negative math priming effect). We investigated mathematical performance, math anxiety, and the domain-general abilities of 172 primary school children (76 with DD and 96 controls). All participants also underwent an affective priming task which consisted of the decision whether a simple arithmetic operation (addition or subtraction) that was preceded by a prime (positive/negative/neutral or mathematics-related) was true or false. Our findings did not reveal a negative math priming effect in children with DD. Furthermore, when considering accuracy levels, gender, or math anxiety, the negative math priming effect could not be replicated. However, children with DD showed more math anxiety when explicitly assessed by a specific math anxiety interview and showed lower mathematical performance compared to controls. Moreover, math anxiety was equally present in boys and girls, even in the earliest stages of schooling, and interfered negatively with performance. In conclusion, mathematics is often associated with negative emotions that can be manifested in specific math anxiety, particularly in children with DD. Importantly, present findings suggest that in the assessed age group, it is more reliable to judge math anxiety and investigate its effects on mathematical performance explicitly by adequate questionnaires than by an affective math priming task. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 684 KW - developmental dyscalculia KW - mathematics KW - affective priming KW - calculation KW - arithmetic KW - anxiety KW - gender KW - children Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-460671 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 684 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dommain, René A1 - Andama, Morgan A1 - McDonough, Molly M. A1 - Prado, Natalia A. A1 - Goldhammer, Tobias A1 - Potts, Richard A1 - Maldonado, Jesús E. A1 - Nkurunungi, John Bosco A1 - Campana, Michael G. T1 - The Challenges of Reconstructing Tropical Biodiversity With Sedimentary Ancient DNA BT - A 2200-Year-Long Metagenomic Record From Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, Uganda T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Sedimentary ancient DNA has been proposed as a key methodology for reconstructing biodiversity over time. Yet, despite the concentration of Earth’s biodiversity in the tropics, this method has rarely been applied in this region. Moreover, the taphonomy of sedimentary DNA, especially in tropical environments, is poorly understood. This study elucidates challenges and opportunities of sedimentary ancient DNA approaches for reconstructing tropical biodiversity. We present shotgun-sequenced metagenomic profiles and DNA degradation patterns from multiple sediment cores from Mubwindi Swamp, located in Bwindi Impenetrable Forest (Uganda), one of the most diverse forests in Africa. We describe the taxonomic composition of the sediments covering the past 2200 years and compare the sedimentary DNA data with a comprehensive set of environmental and sedimentological parameters to unravel the conditions of DNA degradation. Consistent with the preservation of authentic ancient DNA in tropical swamp sediments, DNA concentration and mean fragment length declined exponentially with age and depth, while terminal deamination increased with age. DNA preservation patterns cannot be explained by any environmental parameter alone, but age seems to be the primary driver of DNA degradation in the swamp. Besides degradation, the presence of living microbial communities in the sediment also affects DNA quantity. Critically, 92.3% of our metagenomic data of a total 81.8 million unique, merged reads cannot be taxonomically identified due to the absence of genomic references in public databases. Of the remaining 7.7%, most of the data (93.0%) derive from Bacteria and Archaea, whereas only 0–5.8% are from Metazoa and 0–6.9% from Viridiplantae, in part due to unbalanced taxa representation in the reference data. The plant DNA record at ordinal level agrees well with local pollen data but resolves less diversity. Our animal DNA record reveals the presence of 41 native taxa (16 orders) including Afrotheria, Carnivora, and Ruminantia at Bwindi during the past 2200 years. Overall, we observe no decline in taxonomic richness with increasing age suggesting that several-thousand-year-old information on past biodiversity can be retrieved from tropical sediments. However, comprehensive genomic surveys of tropical biota need prioritization for sedimentary DNA to be a viable methodology for future tropical biodiversity studies. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 970 KW - sedimentary ancient DNA KW - tropical biodiversity KW - DNA preservation KW - sediment KW - tropical swamp KW - shotgun sequencing KW - metagenomic analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-474305 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 970 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kohn, Juliane A1 - Rauscher, Larissa A1 - Kucian, Karin A1 - Käser, Tanja A1 - Wyschkon, Anne A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - von Aster, Michael G. T1 - Efficacy of a Computer-Based Learning Program in Children With Developmental Dyscalculia BT - What Influences Individual Responsiveness? T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This study presents the evaluation of a computer-based learning program for children with developmental dyscalculia and focuses on factors affecting individual responsiveness. The adaptive training program Calcularis 2.0 has been developed according to current neuro-cognitive theory of numerical cognition. It aims to automatize number representations, supports the formation and access to the mental number line and trains arithmetic operations as well as arithmetic fact knowledge in expanding number ranges. Sixty-seven children with developmental dyscalculia from second to fifth grade (mean age 8.96 years) were randomly assigned to one of two groups (Calcularis group, waiting control group). Training duration comprised a minimum of 42 training sessions à 20 min within a maximum period of 13 weeks. Compared to the waiting control group, children of the Calcularis group demonstrated a higher benefit in arithmetic operations and number line estimation. These improvements were shown to be stable after a 3-months post training interval. In addition, this study examines which predictors accounted for training improvements. Results indicate that this self-directed training was especially beneficial for children with low math anxiety scores and without an additional reading and/or spelling disorder. In conclusion, Calcularis 2.0 supports children with developmental dyscalculia to improve their arithmetical abilities and their mental number line representation. However, it is relevant to further adapt the setting to the individual circumstances. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 650 KW - developmental dyscalculia KW - mathematics instruction KW - computer-based training KW - intelligent tutoring system (ITS) KW - numerical development KW - evaluative study KW - primary school Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-474159 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 650 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Franziska A1 - Wyschkon, Anne A1 - Gallit, Finja Sunnyi A1 - Poltz, Nadine A1 - Moraske, Svenja A1 - Kucian, Karin A1 - von Aster, Michael G. A1 - Esser, Günter T1 - Rechenprobleme von Grundschulkindern BT - Persistenz und Schulerfolg nach fünf Jahren T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Fragestellung: Ziel war die Untersuchung des Verlaufs von Kindern mit Rechenstörungen bzw. Rechenschwächen. Neben der Persistenz wurden Auswirkungen von Rechenproblemen auf künftige Rechenleistungen sowie den Schulerfolg geprüft. Methodik: Für 2909 Schüler der 2. bis 5. Klasse liegen die Resultate standardisierter Rechen- und Intelligenztests vor. Ein Teil dieser Kinder ist nach 37 und 68 Mona-ten erneut untersucht worden. Ergebnisse: Die Prävalenz von Rechenstörungen betrug 1.4 %, Rechenschwächen traten bei 11.2 % auf. Rechen-probleme zeigten eine mittlere bis hohe Persistenz. Schüler mit Rechenschwäche blieben im Rechnen gut eine Standardabweichung hinter durchschnittlich und ca. eine halbe Standardabweichung hinter unterdurchschnittlich intelligenten Kontrollkindern zurück. Der allgemeine Schulerfolg rechenschwacher Probanden (definiert über Mathematiknote, Deutschnote und Schultyp) ähnelte dem der unterdurchschnittlich intelligenten Kontrollgruppe und blieb hinter dem Schulerfolg durchschnittlich intelligenter Kontrollkinder zurück. Eingangs ältere Probanden mit Rechenproblemen (4. bis 5. Klasse) wiesen eine schlechtere Prognose auf als Kinder, die zu Beginn die 2. oder 3. Klasse besuchten. Schluss-folgerungen: Rechenprobleme stellen ein ernsthaftes Entwicklungsrisiko dar. Längsschnittuntersuchungen, die Kinder mit streng definierter Rechenstörung bis ins Erwachsenenalter begleiten und Prädiktoren für unterschiedlich erfolgreiche Verläufe ermitteln, sind dringend notwendig. N2 - Objective: The present study examines the 5 years course of mathematics learning disabilities (MLD) and poor mathematics achieve-ment in children from primary to secondary schools. The study investigates the persistence and the impact of mathematical difficulties on the later mathematics performance and school-related success. Method: First, 2909 second to fifth graders were examined with standardized tests in mathematical skills and intelligence. A part of these children was re-examined after 37 and after 68 months. Results: A prevalence of 1.4 % for MLD and 11.2 % for poor mathematics achievement was determined. Mathematical difficulties showed medium to high persistence. Later performance of children with poor mathematics achievement was one standard deviation below a control group without mathematical difficul-ties with average intelligence and 0.5 standard deviations below a group of children with intellectual deficits. School-related success was a composite score of the mathematics grade, the language grade and school type. Children with poor mathematics achievement showed similar school-related success to children with intellectual deficits. Furthermore, they scored significant lower than children without mathematical difficulties and average intelligence. Older children with mathematical difficulties (4th to 5th grade) showed a poorer prognosis than children attending grade 2 or 3. Conclusion: Poor mathematics achievement is a considerable developmental risk. Large longitudinal studies into adult-hood with strict MLD definition are needed to evaluate predictors of successful developmental courses. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 634 KW - Rechenstörungen KW - Stabilität KW - Verlauf KW - Längsschnittstudie KW - Schulerfolg Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-441388 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 634 SP - 67 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gallit, Finja A1 - Wyschkon, Anne A1 - Poltz, Nadine A1 - Moraske, Svenja A1 - Kucian, Karin A1 - von Aster, Michael G. A1 - Esser, Günter T1 - Henne oder Ei BT - Reziprozität mathematischer Vorläufer und Vorhersage des Rechnens T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Fragestellung: Ziel war die Untersuchung der Entwicklung und wechselseitigen Beziehung von Zahlen- und Mengenvorwissen (ZMW), Arbeitsgedächtnis (AG) und Intelligenz sowie deren Vorhersagekraft für die Rechenleistung in der ersten Klasse. Methodik: 1897 Kindergartenkinder nahmen an dieser Studie teil. Ein Teil dieser Kinder wurde 9 Monate später und erneut in der ersten Klasse untersucht. Ergebnisse: Während des Kindergartenjahres verbesserten sich die Kinder in allen untersuchten Leistungen. Reziproke Zusammenhänge zwischen den drei erhobenen Vorläuferfähigkeiten konnten nachgewiesen werden. Das ZMW erwies sich als guter Prädiktor für die AG- und Intelligenzleistung. Bei der Überprüfung der Vorhersage des Rechnens erwies sich das ZMW als bester Prädiktor der späteren Rechenleistung. Erwartungsgemäß zeigten die zu t1 erfassten allgemein-kognitiven Leistungen indirekte Effekte über das ZMW auf die Rechenleistung. Die Intelligenz und das AG zu t2 konnten direkt zur Vorhersage des Rechnens in der ersten Klasse beitragen. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass das AG und die Intelligenz zwar an dem Aufbau des ZMW beteiligt sind, aber vor allem selbst durch dieses vorhergesagt werden. Die Daten sprechen dafür das Potenzial des ZMWs in Trainingsprogrammen zu nutzen, durch dessen Förderung auch intellektuelle und Gedächtnisleistungen zunehmen können, die allesamt die schulische Rechenleistung positiv beeinflussen. N2 - Objective: The present study examines the development and reciprocal relation between specific (basic quantity-number competen-cies [QNC]) and general mathematical precursor skills (working memory [WM] and intelligence), and their predictive value for mathematics achievement in the first grade. Methods: 1897 children in kindergarten participated in the present study. These children were retested 9 month later and during the first year of primary school. Cross-lagged panel analysis was used to investigate the longitudinal reciprocal relations be-tween the specific and general mathematical precursor skills in kindergarten. Results: During the last year of kindergarten children showed improvements in all applied measures. Reciprocal relations between the three mathematical precursor skills were found. Basic QNC proved to be a good predictor of WM and intelligence. Results also emphasized basic QNC as the best predictor of mathematics achievement in first grade. As hypothesized, general mathematical precursors at t1 showed indirect effects via QNC on mathematics school achievement. Intelligence and WM at t2 contributed directly to mathematics school achievement. Conclusions: Results reveal that WM and intelligence predict growth in QNC, and furthermore are predicted by QNC themselves. The data emphasize the potential of QNC in training programs, as they might improve intel-lectual and WM performance, which have a positive impact on mathematics school achievement. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 632 KW - Zahlen- und Mengenvorwissen KW - Arbeitsgedächtnis KW - Intelligenz KW - Rechenleistung KW - Vorläuferfähigkeiten Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-441356 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 632 SP - 81 EP - 92 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - von Aster, Michael G. T1 - Dyskalkulie T1 - Dyscalculia BT - wenn Kinder nicht rechnen lernen BT - if children do not learn arithmetics JF - Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kinderheilkunde N2 - Hintergrund Ausgeprägte Schwierigkeiten beim Erwerb der grundlegenden arithmetischen Fertigkeiten bei ansonsten durchschnittlichen Schulleistungen werden als Rechenstörung oder Dyskalkulie bezeichnet. Davon betroffen sind etwa 5 % der Grundschülerpopulation. Die Ursachen und die Symptome sind ebenso vielgestaltig wie die Methoden der differenziellen Förderung und Therapie. Material und Methode Selektive Literaturrecherche zur Rechenstörung aus verschiedenen mit dem Gegenstand befassten wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen. Ergebnisse Der Erwerb von Fähigkeiten zur Zahlenverarbeitung und zum Rechnen wird als ein erfahrungsabhängiger neuroplastischer Reifungsprozess verstanden, der zu einem komplexen, spezialisierten neuronalen Netzwerk führt und verschiedene kognitive Zahlenrepräsentationen hervorbringt. Die Entwicklung dieser domänenspezifischen Fähigkeiten ist abhängig von der Entwicklung domänenübergreifender Fähigkeiten, wie Aufmerksamkeit, Arbeitsgedächtnis, Sprache und visuell-räumlichen Fähigkeiten. Störungen dieser Reifungsprozesse können in verschiedenen Entwicklungsstadien unterschiedliche Komponenten der Entwicklung dieses komplexen kognitiven Systems betreffen und sind daher im klinischen Erscheinungsbild vielgestaltig. Sonderpädagogische, lerntherapeutische und ggf. medizinische Maßnahmen benötigen eine differenzielle Diagnostik und Indikationsstellung. Moderne computerbasierte Lernsoftware kann sowohl die schulische Didaktik als auch lerntherapeutische Vorgehensweisen unterstützen. Schlussfolgerung Frühzeitiges Erkennen sowie differenzielle und individualisierte Förderung können die Gefahr des Auftretens sekundärer emotionaler Störungen mindern. Die Diagnostik und die Behandlung der Rechenstörung sollten evidenzbasiert und leitlinienorientiert erfolgen sowie der Komplexität und Vielgestaltigkeit der Symptombildungen Rechnung tragen. N2 - Background Dyscalculia is defined as severe difficulties in acquiring basic arithmetic competencies in children with otherwise average scholastic performance. About 5% of children in the population of primary school children are affected. The etiological factors and clinical symptoms are as multifarious as the methods of differential treatment and therapy. Materials and methods Selective review of publications regarding dyscalculia from multiple disciplines addressing the subject. Results The acquisition of abilities in number processing and arithmetic skills is conceptualized as an experience-based neuroplastic developmental process leading to a complex, specialised neuronal network and different cognitive representations of numbers. The development of these domain-specific abilities depends on the development of domain-general abilities such as attention, working memory and visuospatial abilities. Troubles in these maturational processes can lead to deficits in various components of this complex system resulting into heterogeneous symptoms. Special need interventions and therapy as well as possible medical approaches require a holistic diagnostic assessment and differential indication. Modern computer-based learning software can support learning processes in special need interventions. Conclusion Early identification as well as differential and individualised intervention can reduce the risk of the developing secondary psychiatric disorders. The diagnosis and treatment of dyscalculia should be made using evidence-based procedures following the guidelines which take account of the complexity of dyscalculia and its varying cognitive functional profile. KW - Mathematics KW - Dyscalculia KW - Comorbidity KW - Performance anxiety KW - Learning therapy Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-017-0289-x SN - 0026-9298 SN - 1433-0474 VL - 165 SP - 482 EP - 489 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reschke, Stefan A1 - Mebs, Stefan A1 - Sigfridsson-Clauss, Kajsa G. V. A1 - Kositzki, Ramona A1 - Leimkühler, Silke A1 - Haumann, Michael T1 - Protonation and Sulfido versus Oxo Ligation Changes at the Molybdenum Cofactor in Xanthine Dehydrogenase (XDH) Variants Studied by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy JF - Inorganic chemistry N2 - Enzymes of the xanthine oxidase family are among the best characterized mononuclear molybdenum enzymes. Open questions about their mechanism of transfer of an oxygen atom to the substrate remain. The enzymes share a molybdenum cofactor (Moco) with the metal ion binding a molybdopterin (MPT) molecule via its dithiolene function and terminal sulfur and oxygen groups. For xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) from the bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus, we used X-ray absorption spectroscopy to determine the Mo site structure, its changes in a pH range of 5-10, and the influence of amino acids (Glu730 and Gln179) close to Moco in wild-type (WT), Q179A, and E730A variants, complemented by enzyme kinetics and quantum chemical studies. Oxidized WT and Q179A revealed a similar Mo (VI) ion with each one MPT, Mo=O, Mo-O-, and Mo=S ligand, and a weak Mo-O(E730) bond at alkaline pH. Protonation of an oxo to a hydroxo (OH) ligand (pK similar to 6.8) causes inhibition of XDH at acidic pH, whereas deprotonated xanthine (pK similar to 8.8) is an inhibitor at alkaline pH. A similar acidic pK for the WT and Q179A. variants, as well as the metrical parameters of the Mo site and density functional theory calculations, suggested protonation at the equatorial oxo group. The sulfido was replaced with an oxo ligand in the inactive E730A variant, further showing another oxo and one Mo OH ligand at Mo, which are independent of pH. Our findings suggest a reaction mechanism for XDH in which an initial oxo rather than a hydroxo group and the sulfido ligand are essential for xanthine oxidation. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02846 SN - 0020-1669 SN - 1520-510X VL - 56 IS - 4 SP - 2165 EP - 2176 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Siska, Veronika A1 - Jones, Eppie Ruth A1 - Jeon, Sungwon A1 - Bhak, Youngjune A1 - Kim, Hak-Min A1 - Cho, Yun Sung A1 - Kim, Hyunho A1 - Lee, Kyusang A1 - Veselovskaya, Elizaveta A1 - Balueva, Tatiana A1 - Gallego-Llorente, Marcos A1 - Hofreiter, Michael A1 - Bradley, Daniel G. A1 - Eriksson, Anders A1 - Pinhasi, Ron A1 - Bhak, Jong A1 - Manica, Andrea T1 - Genome-wide data from two early Neolithic East Asian individuals dating to 7700 years ago JF - Science Advances N2 - Ancient genomes have revolutionized our understanding of Holocene prehistory and, particularly, the Neolithic transition in western Eurasia. In contrast, East Asia has so far received little attention, despite representing a core region at which the Neolithic transition took place independently ~3 millennia after its onset in the Near East. We report genome-wide data from two hunter-gatherers from Devil’s Gate, an early Neolithic cave site (dated to ~7.7 thousand years ago) located in East Asia, on the border between Russia and Korea. Both of these individuals are genetically most similar to geographically close modern populations from the Amur Basin, all speaking Tungusic languages, and, in particular, to the Ulchi. The similarity to nearby modern populations and the low levels of additional genetic material in the Ulchi imply a high level of genetic continuity in this region during the Holocene, a pattern that markedly contrasts with that reported for Europe. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601877 SN - 2375-2548 VL - 3 IS - 2 PB - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - De Lombaerde, Emiel A1 - Verheyen, Kris A1 - Perring, Michael P. A1 - Bernhardt-Roemermann, Markus A1 - Van Calster, Hans A1 - Brunet, Jorg A1 - Chudomelova, Marketa A1 - Decocq, Guillaume A1 - Diekmann, Martin A1 - Durak, Tomasz A1 - Hedl, Radim A1 - Heinken, Thilo A1 - Hommel, Patrick A1 - Jaroszewicz, Bogdan A1 - Kopecky, Martin A1 - Lenoir, Jonathan A1 - Macek, Martin A1 - Máliš, František A1 - Mitchell, Fraser J. G. A1 - Naaf, Tobias A1 - Newman, Miles A1 - Petřík, Petr A1 - Reczyńska, Kamila A1 - Schmidt, Wolfgang A1 - Swierkosz, Krzysztof A1 - Vild, Ondrej A1 - Wulf, Monika A1 - Baetena, Lander T1 - Responses of competitive understorey species to spatial environmental gradients inaccurately explain temporal changes JF - Basic and applied ecology : Journal of the Gesellschaft für Ökologie N2 - Understorey plant communities play a key role in the functioning of forest ecosystems. Under favourable environmental conditions, competitive understorey species may develop high abundances and influence important ecosystem processes such as tree regeneration. Thus, understanding and predicting the response of competitive understorey species as a function of changing environmental conditions is important for forest managers. In the absence of sufficient temporal data to quantify actual vegetation changes, space-for-time (SFT) substitution is often used, i.e. studies that use environmental gradients across space to infer vegetation responses to environmental change over time. Here we assess the validity of such SFT approaches and analysed 36 resurvey studies from ancient forests with low levels of recent disturbances across temperate Europe to assess how six competitive understorey plant species respond to gradients of overstorey cover, soil conditions, atmospheric N deposition and climatic conditions over space and time. The combination of historical and contemporary surveys allows (i) to test if observed contemporary patterns across space are consistent at the time of the historical survey, and, crucially, (ii) to assess whether changes in abundance over time given recorded environmental change match expectations from patterns recorded along environmental gradients in space. We found consistent spatial relationships at the two periods: local variation in soil variables and overstorey cover were the best predictors of individual species’ cover while interregional variation in coarse-scale variables, i.e. N deposition and climate, was less important. However, we found that our SFT approach could not accurately explain the large variation in abundance changes over time. We thus recommend to be cautious when using SFT substitution to infer species responses to temporal changes. KW - Temperate forest KW - Herb layer KW - Tree regeneration KW - Global change KW - Nitrogen deposition KW - Canopy KW - Spatiotemporal resurvey data KW - Cover abundance KW - Chronosequence KW - forestREplot Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2018.05.013 SN - 1439-1791 SN - 1618-0089 VL - 30 SP - 52 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier GMBH CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Perring, Michael P. A1 - Bernhardt-Roemermann, Markus A1 - Baeten, Lander A1 - Midolo, Gabriele A1 - Blondeel, Haben A1 - Depauw, Leen A1 - Landuyt, Dries A1 - Maes, Sybryn L. A1 - De Lombaerde, Emiel A1 - Caron, Maria Mercedes A1 - Vellend, Mark A1 - Brunet, Joerg A1 - Chudomelova, Marketa A1 - Decocq, Guillaume A1 - Diekmann, Martin A1 - Dirnboeck, Thomas A1 - Doerfler, Inken A1 - Durak, Tomasz A1 - De Frenne, Pieter A1 - Gilliam, Frank S. A1 - Hedl, Radim A1 - Heinken, Thilo A1 - Hommel, Patrick A1 - Jaroszewicz, Bogdan A1 - Kirby, Keith J. A1 - Kopecky, Martin A1 - Lenoir, Jonathan A1 - Li, Daijiang A1 - Malis, Frantisek A1 - Mitchell, Fraser J. G. A1 - Naaf, Tobias A1 - Newman, Miles A1 - Petrik, Petr A1 - Reczynska, Kamila A1 - Schmidt, Wolfgang A1 - Standovar, Tibor A1 - Swierkosz, Krzysztof A1 - Van Calster, Hans A1 - Vild, Ondrej A1 - Wagner, Eva Rosa A1 - Wulf, Monika A1 - Verheyen, Kris T1 - Global environmental change effects on plant community composition trajectories depend upon management legacies JF - Global change biology N2 - The contemporary state of functional traits and species richness in plant communities depends on legacy effects of past disturbances. Whether temporal responses of community properties to current environmental changes are altered by such legacies is, however, unknown. We expect global environmental changes to interact with land-use legacies given different community trajectories initiated by prior management, and subsequent responses to altered resources and conditions. We tested this expectation for species richness and functional traits using 1814 survey-resurvey plot pairs of understorey communities from 40 European temperate forest datasets, syntheses of management transitions since the year 1800, and a trait database. We also examined how plant community indicators of resources and conditions changed in response to management legacies and environmental change. Community trajectories were clearly influenced by interactions between management legacies from over 200 years ago and environmental change. Importantly, higher rates of nitrogen deposition led to increased species richness and plant height in forests managed less intensively in 1800 (i.e., high forests), and to decreases in forests with a more intensive historical management in 1800 (i.e., coppiced forests). There was evidence that these declines in community variables in formerly coppiced forests were ameliorated by increased rates of temperature change between surveys. Responses were generally apparent regardless of sites’ contemporary management classifications, although sometimes the management transition itself, rather than historic or contemporary management types, better explained understorey responses. Main effects of environmental change were rare, although higher rates of precipitation change increased plant height, accompanied by increases in fertility indicator values. Analysis of indicator values suggested the importance of directly characterising resources and conditions to better understand legacy and environmental change effects. Accounting for legacies of past disturbance can reconcile contradictory literature results and appears crucial to anticipating future responses to global environmental change. KW - biodiversity change KW - climate change KW - disturbance regime KW - forestREplot KW - herbaceous layer KW - management intensity KW - nitrogen deposition KW - plant functional traits KW - time lag KW - vegetation resurvey Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14030 SN - 1354-1013 SN - 1365-2486 VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 1722 EP - 1740 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Moraske, Svenja A1 - Penrose, Anna A1 - Wyschkon, Anne A1 - Kohn, Juliane A1 - Rauscher, Larissa A1 - von Aster, Michael G. A1 - Esser, Günter T1 - Prävention von Rechenstörungen T1 - Prevention of Dyscalculia BT - Kurz- und mittelfristige Effekte einer Förderung der mathematischen Kompetenzen bei Risikokindern im Vorschulalter BT - Short-Term and Intermediate Effects of Stimulating Numerical Competencies for Children at Risk in Preschool JF - Kindheit und Entwicklung N2 - Ziel ist die Überprüfung der kurz- und mittelfristigen Wirksamkeit einer vorschulischen Förderung des Mengen- und Zahlenverständnisses bei Kindern mit einem Risiko für die Entwicklung einer Rechenstörung. Es wurden 32 Risikokinder mit einer Kombination aus den Förderprogrammen Mathematik im Vorschulalter und Mengen, zählen, Zahlen im letzten Kindergartenjahr von den Erzieherinnen trainiert und mit 38 untrainierten Risikokindern verglichen. Hinsichtlich der kurzfristigen Wirksamkeit zeigten sich positive Trainingseffekte auf die numerischen Leistungen im letzten Kindergartenjahr. Es ließen sich keine signifikanten mittelfristigen Trainingseffekte auf die Rechenleistungen im zweiten Halbjahr der 1. Klasse finden. Das eingesetzte vorschulische Präventionsprogramm leistete danach einen wichtigen Beitrag zur kurzfristigen Verbesserung der mathematischen Basiskompetenzen. N2 - A slew of studies has shown that training programs teaching numerical competencies have positive short-term effects on mathematical performance. The results for the intermediate effects are not consistent and there are only a few studies on this issue. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the short-term and intermediate effects of a preschool training program stimulating numerical competencies for children at risk of developing dyscalculia (<= 10th percentile). During the last kindergarten year, 32 children at risk were trained with a combination of the intervention Mathematik im Vorschulalter and Mengen, zahlen, Zahlen by their kindergarten teachers, who were trained and supervised. Contents of the preschool training were: counting, number knowledge up to 10, comprehension of quantity concept, visual differentiation, spatial ability, simple arithmetic operation, handling of symbols, realizing abstract-logical correlations, and identifying cause-effect relations. The training lasted 11 weeks and took place twice a week (session duration = 30-40 min). Children who participated in at least 50% of the sessions were included. The control group consisted of 38 untrained children at risk. For measuring numerical competencies in kindergarten, a subtest of the instrument Basisdiagnostik Umschriebener Entwicklungsstorungen im Vorschulalter - Version III (BUEVA-III) was used, and for measuring mathematical performance the test Deutsche Mathematiktest fur erste Klassen (DEMAT 1+) was used. Before the training there were no group differences between the training and control group regarding mathematical performance and overall intelligence. The training showed positive short-term effects for numerical competencies in the last kindergarten year (medium effect size). While trained children could significantly improve their mathematical competencies to an average level (from 34 to 41 t-value points), the performances of the untrained children stayed below average. Unfortunately, there were no significant intermediate effects for mathematical performance in the second half of the first grade. Regarding the diagnosis of dyscalculia as defined by the ICD-10, it was not possible to gather a sufficiently large sample in the first grade fulfilling the criteria to test differences between training and control groups. Methodological limitations of this study were the missing random allocation to treatment conditions, a large drop-out rate, and long testing periods. The preschool training that was used to stimulate numerical competencies contributed significantly toward improving numerical competencies in the short term. Further investigations will determine the long-term effects of the training in the second and third grade. This is particularly important because dyscalculia occurring from the second grade on is a stable phenomenon. KW - developmental dyscalculia KW - numerical competence KW - prevention KW - risk KW - specific developmental disorder KW - Rechenstörung KW - Zahlen- und Mengenverständnis KW - Prävention KW - Risiko KW - Umschriebene Entwicklungsstörung Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000242 SN - 0942-5403 SN - 2190-6246 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 31 EP - 42 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffmann, Matthias A1 - Pohl, Madlen A1 - Jurisch, N. A1 - Prescher, Anne-Katrin A1 - Campa, E. Mendez A1 - Hagemann, Ulrike A1 - Remus, R. A1 - Verch, G. A1 - Sommer, Michael A1 - Augustin, J. T1 - Maize carbon dynamics are driven by soil erosion state and plant phenology rather than nitrogen fertilization form JF - Soil & tillage research : an international journal on research and development in soil tillage and field traffic, and their relationships with soil environment, land use and crop production N2 - Carbon (C) stored in soils represents the largest C pool of terrestrial ecosystems and consequently plays a crucial role in the global C cycle. So far, it is widely unclear to what extent different land uses and land use change influence soil C storage. The hummocky ground moraine landscape of northeastern Germany is characterized by distinct small-scale soil heterogeneity on the one hand, and intensive energy crop cultivation on the other. Both factors are assumed to significantly influence gaseous C exchange; as such, they likely drive soil organic carbon (SOC) stock dynamics in terrestrial agricultural ecosystems. To date, it is not clear to what extent N fertilization forms, which are associated with energy crop cultivation (e.g., application of biogas fermentation residues) and soil type relative to soil erosion state, influence soil C dynamics, nor is it clear whether one of these factors is more important than the other. To investigate the influence of soil erosion state and N fertilization form on soil C dynamics, we present dynamic and seasonal net ecosystem carbon balances (NECB) as a proxy for changes in soil organic carbon stocks. Measurements were conducted for maize (Zea mays L.) at five sites in the "CarboZALF-D" experimental field during the 2011 growing season. Measurement sites represent different soil erosion states (non-eroded Albic Luvisols, extremely eroded Calcaric Regosols and depositional Endogleyic Colluvic Regosols) and N fertilization forms (100% mineral fertilizer, 50% mineral and 50% organic fertilizer, and 100% organic fertilizer). Fertilization treatments were established on the Albic Luvisol. Net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) and ecosystem respiration (R-eco) were measured every four weeks using a dynamic flow-through non-steady-state closed manual chamber system. Gap filling was performed based on empirical temperature and PAR dependency functions and was used to derive daily NEE values. In parallel, daily above-ground biomass production (NPFshoot) was estimated using a logistic growth equation, fitted on periodic biomass samples. Finally, C dynamics were calculated as the balance of daily NEE and NPPshoot based on the initial C input due to organic fertilization. Resulting NECB varied from pronounced soil C losses at the Endogleyic Colluvic Regosol (592 g C m(-2)) to soil C gains at the Calcaric Regosol (-124 g C m(-2)). Minor to modest C losses were observed for the Albic Luvisol. Compared to N fertilization forms, soil erosion states generally had a stronger impact on derived NECB. However, interannual variations in plant phonology and interactions between soil erosion states and fertilization forms might result in different NECB values over multiple years. Hence, long-term measurements of different fertilization treatments on characteristic soil landscape elements are needed. KW - Soil erosion KW - Net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) KW - Closed chamber measurements KW - Biogas fermentation residues KW - Plant phenology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2017.09.004 SN - 0167-1987 SN - 1879-3444 VL - 175 SP - 255 EP - 266 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dengler, Jürgen A1 - Wagner, Viktoria A1 - Dembicz, Iwona A1 - Garcia-Mijangos, Itziar A1 - Naqinezhad, Alireza A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Chiarucci, Alessandro A1 - Conradi, Timo A1 - Filibeck, Goffredo A1 - Guarino, Riccardo A1 - Janisova, Monika A1 - Steinbauer, Manuel J. A1 - Acic, Svetlana A1 - Acosta, Alicia T. R. A1 - Akasaka, Munemitsu A1 - Allers, Marc-Andre A1 - Apostolova, Iva A1 - Axmanova, Irena A1 - Bakan, Branko A1 - Baranova, Alina A1 - Bardy-Durchhalter, Manfred A1 - Bartha, Sandor A1 - Baumann, Esther A1 - Becker, Thomas A1 - Becker, Ute A1 - Belonovskaya, Elena A1 - Bengtsson, Karin A1 - Benito Alonso, Jose Luis A1 - Berastegi, Asun A1 - Bergamini, Ariel A1 - Bonini, Ilaria A1 - Bruun, Hans Henrik A1 - Budzhak, Vasyl A1 - Bueno, Alvaro A1 - Antonio Campos, Juan A1 - Cancellieri, Laura A1 - Carboni, Marta A1 - Chocarro, Cristina A1 - Conti, Luisa A1 - Czarniecka-Wiera, Marta A1 - De Frenne, Pieter A1 - Deak, Balazs A1 - Didukh, Yakiv P. A1 - Diekmann, Martin A1 - Dolnik, Christian A1 - Dupre, Cecilia A1 - Ecker, Klaus A1 - Ermakov, Nikolai A1 - Erschbamer, Brigitta A1 - Escudero, Adrian A1 - Etayo, Javier A1 - Fajmonova, Zuzana A1 - Felde, Vivian A. A1 - Fernandez Calzado, Maria Rosa A1 - Finckh, Manfred A1 - Fotiadis, Georgios A1 - Fracchiolla, Mariano A1 - Ganeva, Anna A1 - Garcia-Magro, Daniel A1 - Gavilan, Rosario G. A1 - Germany, Markus A1 - Giladi, Itamar A1 - Gillet, Francois A1 - Giusso del Galdo, Gian Pietro A1 - Gonzalez, Jose M. A1 - Grytnes, John-Arvid A1 - Hajek, Michal A1 - Hajkova, Petra A1 - Helm, Aveliina A1 - Herrera, Mercedes A1 - Hettenbergerova, Eva A1 - Hobohm, Carsten A1 - Huellbusch, Elisabeth M. A1 - Ingerpuu, Nele A1 - Jandt, Ute A1 - Jeltsch, Florian A1 - Jensen, Kai A1 - Jentsch, Anke A1 - Jeschke, Michael A1 - Jimenez-Alfaro, Borja A1 - Kacki, Zygmunt A1 - Kakinuma, Kaoru A1 - Kapfer, Jutta A1 - Kavgaci, Ali A1 - Kelemen, Andras A1 - Kiehl, Kathrin A1 - Koyama, Asuka A1 - Koyanagi, Tomoyo F. A1 - Kozub, Lukasz A1 - Kuzemko, Anna A1 - Kyrkjeeide, Magni Olsen A1 - Landi, Sara A1 - Langer, Nancy A1 - Lastrucci, Lorenzo A1 - Lazzaro, Lorenzo A1 - Lelli, Chiara A1 - Leps, Jan A1 - Loebel, Swantje A1 - Luzuriaga, Arantzazu L. A1 - Maccherini, Simona A1 - Magnes, Martin A1 - Malicki, Marek A1 - Marceno, Corrado A1 - Mardari, Constantin A1 - Mauchamp, Leslie A1 - May, Felix A1 - Michelsen, Ottar A1 - Mesa, Joaquin Molero A1 - Molnar, Zsolt A1 - Moysiyenko, Ivan Y. A1 - Nakaga, Yuko K. A1 - Natcheva, Rayna A1 - Noroozi, Jalil A1 - Pakeman, Robin J. A1 - Palpurina, Salza A1 - Partel, Meelis A1 - Paetsch, Ricarda A1 - Pauli, Harald A1 - Pedashenko, Hristo A1 - Peet, Robert K. A1 - Pielech, Remigiusz A1 - Pipenbaher, Natasa A1 - Pirini, Chrisoula A1 - Pleskova, Zuzana A1 - Polyakova, Mariya A. A1 - Prentice, Honor C. A1 - Reinecke, Jennifer A1 - Reitalu, Triin A1 - Pilar Rodriguez-Rojo, Maria A1 - Rolecek, Jan A1 - Ronkin, Vladimir A1 - Rosati, Leonardo A1 - Rosen, Ejvind A1 - Ruprecht, Eszter A1 - Rusina, Solvita A1 - Sabovljevic, Marko A1 - Maria Sanchez, Ana A1 - Savchenko, Galina A1 - Schuhmacher, Oliver A1 - Skornik, Sonja A1 - Sperandii, Marta Gaia A1 - Staniaszek-Kik, Monika A1 - Stevanovic-Dajic, Zora A1 - Stock, Marin A1 - Suchrow, Sigrid A1 - Sutcliffe, Laura M. E. A1 - Swacha, Grzegorz A1 - Sykes, Martin A1 - Szabo, Anna A1 - Talebi, Amir A1 - Tanase, Catalin A1 - Terzi, Massimo A1 - Tolgyesi, Csaba A1 - Torca, Marta A1 - Torok, Peter A1 - Tothmeresz, Bela A1 - Tsarevskaya, Nadezda A1 - Tsiripidis, Ioannis A1 - Tzonev, Rossen A1 - Ushimaru, Atushi A1 - Valko, Orsolya A1 - van der Maarel, Eddy A1 - Vanneste, Thomas A1 - Vashenyak, Iuliia A1 - Vassilev, Kiril A1 - Viciani, Daniele A1 - Villar, Luis A1 - Virtanen, Risto A1 - Kosic, Ivana Vitasovic A1 - Wang, Yun A1 - Weiser, Frank A1 - Went, Julia A1 - Wesche, Karsten A1 - White, Hannah A1 - Winkler, Manuela A1 - Zaniewski, Piotr T. A1 - Zhang, Hui A1 - Ziv, Yaron A1 - Znamenskiy, Sergey A1 - Biurrun, Idoia T1 - GrassPlot - a database of multi-scale plant diversity in Palaearctic grasslands JF - Phytocoenologia N2 - GrassPlot is a collaborative vegetation-plot database organised by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) and listed in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD ID EU-00-003). GrassPlot collects plot records (releves) from grasslands and other open habitats of the Palaearctic biogeographic realm. It focuses on precisely delimited plots of eight standard grain sizes (0.0001; 0.001;... 1,000 m(2)) and on nested-plot series with at least four different grain sizes. The usage of GrassPlot is regulated through Bylaws that intend to balance the interests of data contributors and data users. The current version (v. 1.00) contains data for approximately 170,000 plots of different sizes and 2,800 nested-plot series. The key components are richness data and metadata. However, most included datasets also encompass compositional data. About 14,000 plots have near-complete records of terricolous bryophytes and lichens in addition to vascular plants. At present, GrassPlot contains data from 36 countries throughout the Palaearctic, spread across elevational gradients and major grassland types. GrassPlot with its multi-scale and multi-taxon focus complements the larger international vegetationplot databases, such as the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) and the global database " sPlot". Its main aim is to facilitate studies on the scale-and taxon-dependency of biodiversity patterns and drivers along macroecological gradients. GrassPlot is a dynamic database and will expand through new data collection coordinated by the elected Governing Board. We invite researchers with suitable data to join GrassPlot. Researchers with project ideas addressable with GrassPlot data are welcome to submit proposals to the Governing Board. KW - biodiversity KW - European Vegetation Archive (EVA) KW - Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) KW - grassland vegetation KW - GrassPlot KW - macroecology KW - multi-taxon KW - nested plot KW - scale-dependence KW - species-area relationship (SAR) KW - sPlot KW - vegetation-plot database Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/phyto/2018/0267 SN - 0340-269X VL - 48 IS - 3 SP - 331 EP - 347 PB - Cramer CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fernandez, Amanda Diez A1 - Charchar, Patrick A1 - Cherstvy, Andrey G. A1 - Metzler, Ralf A1 - Finnis, Michael W. T1 - The diffusion of doxorubicin drug molecules in silica nanoslits is non-Gaussian, intermittent and anticorrelated JF - Physical chemistry, chemical physics N2 - In this study we investigate, using all-atom molecular-dynamics computer simulations, the in-plane diffusion of a doxorubicin drug molecule in a thin film of water confined between two silica surfaces. We find that the molecule diffuses along the channel in the manner of a Gaussian diffusion process, but with parameters that vary according to its varying transversal position. Our analysis identifies that four Gaussians, each describing particle motion in a given transversal region, are needed to adequately describe the data. Each of these processes by itself evolves with time at a rate slower than that associated with classical Brownian motion due to a predominance of anticorrelated displacements. Long adsorption events lead to ageing, a property observed when the diffusion is intermittently hindered for periods of time with an average duration which is theoretically infinite. This study presents a simple system in which many interesting features of anomalous diffusion can be explored. It exposes the complexity of diffusion in nanoconfinement and highlights the need to develop new understanding. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/d0cp03849k SN - 1463-9076 SN - 1463-9084 VL - 22 IS - 48 SP - 27955 EP - 27965 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grott, Saskia A1 - Peter, Martin G. A1 - Linker, Torsten A1 - Sefkow, Michael A1 - Kroll, Jürgen A1 - Koetz, Joachim A1 - Laschewsky, André A1 - Lokatis, Siegfried A1 - Rheinberg, Falko A1 - Manig, Yvette T1 - Portal = Chemie: Werkstoffe, Wirkstoffe, Lebensvorgänge BT - Die Potsdamer Universitätszeitung N2 - Aus dem Inhalt: - Chemie: Werkstoffe, Wirkstoffe, Lebensvorgänge - Institut für Kirchenrecht gegründet - Computerlinguisten erstellen digitales Wörterbuch - Vom Spaß am Graffiti-Sprayen T3 - Portal: Das Potsdamer Universitätsmagazin - 01-02/2003 Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-439713 SN - 1618-6893 IS - 01-02/2003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Von Raab-Straube, Eckhard A1 - Raus, Thomas A1 - Bazos, Ioannis A1 - Cornec, J. P. A1 - De Belair, Gerard. A1 - Dimitrakopoulos, P. G. A1 - El Mokni, Ridha A1 - Fateryga, Alexander V. A1 - Fateryga, Valentina V. A1 - Fridlender, Alain A1 - Gil, Jaime A1 - Grigorenko, V. N. A1 - Hand, Ralf A1 - Kovalchuk, A. A1 - Mastrogianni, A. A1 - Otto, R. A1 - Rätzel, Stefan A1 - Raus, Th. A1 - Ristow, Michael A1 - Salas Pascual, M. A1 - Strid, Arne A1 - Svirin, S. A. A1 - Tsiripidis, Ioannis. A1 - Uhlich, Holger A1 - Vela, Errol A1 - Verloove, Filip A1 - Vidakis, K. A1 - Yena, Andriy Vasylyovych A1 - Yevseyenkov, P. E. A1 - Zeddam, A. T1 - Euro plus Med-Checklist Notulae, 11 JF - Willdenowia N2 - This is the eleventh of a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to both the Med-Checklist and the Euro+Med (or Sisyphus) projects are presented. This instalment deals with the families Anacardiaceae, Asparagaceae (incl. Hyacinthaceae), Bignoniaceae, Cactaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cyperaceae, Ericaceae, Gramineae, Labiatae, Leguminosae, Orobanchaceae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae and Staphyleaceae. It includes new country and area records and taxonomic and distributional considerations for taxa in Bidens, Campsis, Centaurea, Cyperus, Drymocallis, Engem, Hoffmannseggia, Hypopitys, Lavandula, Lithraea, Melilotus, Nicotiana, Olimarabidopsis, Opuntia, Orobanche, Phelipanche, Phragmites, Rumex, Salvia, Schinus, Staphylea, and a new combination in Drimia. KW - distribution KW - Euro plus Med PlantBase KW - Europe KW - Med-Checklist KW - Mediterranean KW - new combination KW - new record KW - taxonomy KW - vascular plants Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49312 SN - 0511-9618 VL - 49 IS - 3 SP - 421 EP - 445 PB - Botanischer Garten & botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thapa, Samudrajit A1 - Lomholt, Michael Andersen A1 - Krog, Jens A1 - Cherstvy, Andrey G. A1 - Metzler, Ralf T1 - Bayesian analysis of single-particle tracking data using the nested-sampling algorithm: maximum-likelihood model selection applied to stochastic-diffusivity data JF - Physical chemistry, chemical physics : PCCP ; a journal of European Chemical Societies N2 - We employ Bayesian statistics using the nested-sampling algorithm to compare and rank multiple models of ergodic diffusion (including anomalous diffusion) as well as to assess their optimal parameters for in silico-generated and real time-series. We focus on the recently-introduced model of Brownian motion with "diffusing diffusivity'-giving rise to widely-observed non-Gaussian displacement statistics-and its comparison to Brownian and fractional Brownian motion, also for the time-series with some measurement noise. We conduct this model-assessment analysis using Bayesian statistics and the nested-sampling algorithm on the level of individual particle trajectories. We evaluate relative model probabilities and compute best-parameter sets for each diffusion model, comparing the estimated parameters to the true ones. We test the performance of the nested-sampling algorithm and its predictive power both for computer-generated (idealised) trajectories as well as for real single-particle-tracking trajectories. Our approach delivers new important insight into the objective selection of the most suitable stochastic model for a given time-series. We also present first model-ranking results in application to experimental data of tracer diffusion in polymer-based hydrogels. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cp04043e SN - 1463-9076 SN - 1463-9084 VL - 20 IS - 46 SP - 29018 EP - 29037 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moraske, Svenja A1 - Penrose, Anna A1 - Wyschkon, Anne A1 - Kohn, Juliane A1 - Rauscher, Larissa A1 - von Aster, Michael G. A1 - Esser, Günter T1 - Prävention von Rechenstörungen T1 - Prevention for dyscalculia BT - kurz- und mittelfristige Effekte einer Förderung der mathematischen Kompetenzen bei Risikokindern im Vorschulalter BT - short-term and intermediate effects of training stimulating numerical competencies for children at risk in preschool T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Ziel ist die Überprüfung der kurz- und mittelfristigen Wirksamkeit einer vorschulischen Förderung des Mengen- und Zahlenverständnisses bei Kindern mit einem Risiko für die Entwicklung einer Rechenstörung. Es wurden 32 Risikokinder mit einer Kombination aus den Förderprogrammen Mathematik im Vorschulalter und Mengen, zählen, Zahlen im letzten Kindergartenjahr von den Erzieherinnen trainiert und mit 38 untrainierten Risikokindern verglichen. Hinsichtlich der kurzfristigen Wirksamkeit zeigten sich positive Trainingseffekte auf die numerischen Leistungen im letzten Kindergartenjahr. Es ließen sich keine signifikanten mittelfristigen Trainingseffekte auf die Rechenleistungen im zweiten Halbjahr der 1. Klasse finden. Das eingesetzte vorschulische Präventionsprogramm leistete danach einen wichtigen Beitrag zur kurzfristigen Verbesserung der mathematischen Basiskompetenzen. N2 - A slew of studies has shown that training programs teaching numerical competencies have positive short-term effects on mathematical performance. The results for the intermediate effects are not consistent and there are only a few studies on this issue. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the short-term and intermediate effects of a preschool training program stimulating numerical competencies for children at risk of developing dyscalculia (≤ 10th percentile). During the last kindergarten year, 32 children at risk were trained with a combination of the intervention Mathematik im Vorschulalter and Mengen, zählen, Zahlen by their kindergarten teachers, who were trained and supervised. Contents of the preschool training were: counting, number knowledge up to 10, comprehension of quantity concept, visual differentiation, spatial ability, simple arithmetic operation, handling of symbols, realizing abstract–logical correlations, and identifying cause–effect relations. The training lasted 11 weeks and took place twice a week (session duration = 30 – 40 min). Children who participated in at least 50 % of the sessions were included. The control group consisted of 38 untrained children at risk. For measuring numerical competencies in kindergarten, a subtest of the instrument Basisdiagnostik Umschriebener Entwicklungsstörungen im Vorschulalter – Version III (BUEVA-III) was used, and for measuring mathematical performance the test Deutsche Mathematiktest für erste Klassen (DEMAT 1+) was used. Before the training there were no group differences between the training and control group regarding mathematical performance and overall intelligence. The training showed positive short-term effects for numerical competencies in the last kindergarten year (medium effect size). While trained children could significantly improve their mathematical competencies to an average level (from 34 to 41 t-value points), the performances of the untrained children stayed below average. Unfortunately, there were no significant intermediate effects for mathematical performance in the second half of the first grade. Regarding the diagnosis of dyscalculia as defined by the ICD-10, it was not possible to gather a sufficiently large sample in the first grade fulfilling the criteria to test differences between training and control groups. Methodological limitations of this study were the missing random allocation to treatment conditions, a large drop-out rate, and long testing periods. The preschool training that was used to stimulate numerical competencies contributed significantly toward improving numerical competencies in the short term. Further investigations will determine the long-term effects of the training in the second and third grade. This is particularly important because dyscalculia occurring from the second grade on is a stable phenomenon. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 616 KW - developmental dyscalculia KW - numerical competence KW - prevention KW - risk KW - specific developmental disorder KW - Rechenstörung KW - Zahlen- und Mengenverständnis KW - Prävention KW - Risiko KW - Umschriebene Entwicklungsstörung Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-434101 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 616 SP - 31 EP - 42 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chapman, Eric M. A1 - Lant, Benjamin A1 - Ohashi, Yota A1 - Yu, Bin A1 - Schertzberg, Michael A1 - Go, Christopher A1 - Dogra, Deepika A1 - Koskimaki, Janne A1 - Girard, Romuald A1 - Li, Yan A1 - Fraser, Andrew G. A1 - Awad, Issam A. A1 - Abdelilah-Seyfried, Salim A1 - Gingras, Anne-Claude A1 - Derry, William Brent T1 - A conserved CCM complex promotes apoptosis non-autonomously by regulating zinc homeostasis JF - Nature Communications N2 - Apoptotic death of cells damaged by genotoxic stress requires regulatory input from surrounding tissues. The C. elegans scaffold protein KRI-1, ortholog of mammalian KRIT1/CCM1, permits DNA damage-induced apoptosis of cells in the germline by an unknown cell non-autonomous mechanism. We reveal that KRI-1 exists in a complex with CCM-2 in the intestine to negatively regulate the ERK-5/MAPK pathway. This allows the KLF-3 transcription factor to facilitate expression of the SLC39 zinc transporter gene zipt-2.3, which functions to sequester zinc in the intestine. Ablation of KRI-1 results in reduced zinc sequestration in the intestine, inhibition of IR-induced MPK-1/ERK1 activation, and apoptosis in the germline. Zinc localization is also perturbed in the vasculature of krit1(-/-) zebrafish, and SLC39 zinc transporters are mis-expressed in Cerebral Cavernous Malformations (CCM) patient tissues. This study provides new insights into the regulation of apoptosis by cross-tissue communication, and suggests a link between zinc localization and CCM disease. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09829-z SN - 2041-1723 VL - 10 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Makower, Alexander A1 - Ghindilis, A. L. A1 - Bier, Frank Fabian A1 - Ehrentreich-Förster, Eva A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Bauer, Christian G. A1 - Micheel, Burkhard A1 - Pfeiffer, Dorothea A1 - Szeponik, Jan A1 - Michael, N. A1 - Kaden, H. T1 - Enzyme sensors for subnanomolar concentrations Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Correia, Marcia A. S. A1 - Otrelo-Cardoso, Ana Rita A1 - Schwuchow, Viola A1 - Clauss, Kajsa G. V. Sigfridsson A1 - Haumann, Michael A1 - Romao, Maria Joao A1 - Leimkühler, Silke A1 - Santos-Silva, Teresa T1 - The Escherichia coli Periplasmic Aldehyde Oxidoreductase Is an Exceptional Member of the Xanthine Oxidase Family of Molybdoenzymes JF - ACS chemical biology N2 - The xanthine oxidase (XO) family comprises molybdenum-dependent enzymes that usually form homodimers (or dimers of heterodimers/trimers) organized in three domains that harbor two [2Fe-2S] clusters, one FAD, and a Mo cofactor. In this work, we crystallized an unusual member of the family, the periplasmic aldehyde oxidoreductase PaoABC from Escherichia coli. This is the first example of an E. coli protein containing a molybdopterin-cytosine-dinucleotide cofactor and is the only heterotrimer of the XO family so far structurally characterized. The crystal structure revealed the presence of an unexpected [4Fe-4S] cluster, anchored to an additional 40 residues subdomain. According to phylogenetic analysis, proteins containing this cluster are widely spread in many bacteria phyla, putatively through repeated gene transfer events. The active site of PaoABC is highly exposed to the surface with no aromatic residues and an arginine (PaoC-R440) making a direct interaction with PaoC-E692, which acts as a base catalyst. In order to understand the importance of R440, kinetic assays were carried out, and the crystal structure of the PaoC-R440H variant was also determined. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.6b00572 SN - 1554-8929 SN - 1554-8937 VL - 11 SP - 2923 EP - 2935 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kutsuradēs, Achilleas G. A1 - Sonnentag, Michael T1 - Die außergerichtliche einvernehmliche Scheidung nach griechischem Recht und ihre Anerkennung in Deutschland JF - Zeitschrift für das gesamte Familienrecht N2 - Bereits seit 2017 ist die außergerichtliche einvernehmliche Scheidung vor dem Notar in Griechenland zulässig. Es wird dazu ein Gesetz aus dem Jahr 2020 mit einigen Änderungen vorgestellt, die Anlass zu einem Gesamtüberblick der griechischen einvernehmlichen Scheidung geben. Einleitend wird auf die Historie des Gesetzes erklärend eingegangen. Folgende Themen- und Regelungsbereiche werden vertiefend erläuternd erörtert: Die außergerichtliche einvernehmliche Scheidung nach griechischem Recht (Vereinbarung der Ehegatten über die Auflösung ihrer Ehe - Bestätigung der Eheauflösung und Beurkundung durch den Notar - Eintragung der Scheidung in das Eheregister des zuständigen Standesamts); Schutz der Ehegatten und der gemeinsamen minderjährigen Kinder; Anerkennung der griechischen einvernehmlichen Scheidung in Deutschland (Geltung der Brüssel IIa-VO - Geltung der Brüssel IIb-VO); Geltung der Rom III-VO). Abschließend wird festgestellt: Die in Griechenland 2017 eingeführte einvernehmliche Scheidung unterliege mit Ausnahme des Konsenses der Ehegatten keinen weiteren materiellen Voraussetzungen. Allerdings sei es erforderlich, dass die Ehegatten Regelungen über die elterliche Sorge, den Umgang und den Unterhalt der gemeinsamen minderjährigen Kinder treffen. Dabei sei nicht immer sicher, dass zur Ermöglichung einer schnellen Scheidung das Wohl der Kinder stets bestmöglichst berücksichtigt werde. Auch berge die einvernehmliche Scheidung vor dem Notar familien-verögensrechtliche Gefahren. Hierzu wird näher ausgeführt. Y1 - 2022 SN - 0044-2410 VL - 69 IS - 18 SP - 1430 EP - 1436 PB - Gieseking CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beye, Martin A1 - Öberg, Henrik A1 - Xin, Hongliang A1 - Dakovski, Georgi L. A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander A1 - Gladh, Jorgen A1 - Hantschmann, Markus A1 - Hieke, Florian A1 - Kaya, Sarp A1 - Kühn, Danilo A1 - LaRue, Jerry A1 - Mercurio, Giuseppe A1 - Minitti, Michael P. A1 - Mitra, Ankush A1 - Moeller, Stefan P. A1 - Ng, May Ling A1 - Nilsson, Anders A1 - Nordlund, Dennis A1 - Norskov, Jens A1 - Öström, Henrik A1 - Ogasawara, Hirohito A1 - Persson, Mats A1 - Schlotter, William F. A1 - Sellberg, Jonas A. A1 - Wolf, Martin A1 - Abild-Pedersen, Frank A1 - Pettersson, Lars G. M. A1 - Wurth, Wilfried T1 - Chemical Bond Activation Observed with an X-ray Laser JF - The journal of physical chemistry letters N2 - The concept of bonding and antibonding orbitals is fundamental in chemistry. The population of those orbitals and the energetic difference between the two reflect the strength of the bonding interaction. Weakening the bond is expected to reduce this energetic splitting, but the transient character of bond-activation has so far prohibited direct experimental access. Here we apply time-resolved soft X-ray spectroscopy at a free electron laser to directly observe the decreased bonding antibonding splitting following bond-activation using an ultrashort optical laser pulse. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01543 SN - 1948-7185 VL - 7 SP - 3647 EP - 3651 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mallonn, Matthias A1 - Poppenhäger, Katja A1 - Granzer, Thomas A1 - Weber, Michael A1 - Strassmeier, Klaus G. T1 - Detection capability of ground-based meter-sized telescopes for shallow exoplanet transits JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal N2 - Meter-sized ground-based telescopes are frequently used today for the follow-up of extrasolar planet candidates. While the transit signal of a Jupiter-sized object can typically be detected to a high level of confidence with small telescope apertures as well, the shallow transit dips of planets with the size of Neptune and smaller are more challenging to reveal. We employ new observational data to illustrate the photometric follow-up capabilities of meter-sized telescopes for shallow exoplanet transits. We describe in detail the capability of distinguishing the photometric signal of an exoplanet transit from an underlying trend in the light curve. The transit depths of the six targets we observed, Kepler-94b, Kepler-63b, K2-100b, K2-138b, K2-138c, and K2-138e, range from 3.9 ppt down to 0.3 ppt. For five targets of this sample, we provide the first ground-based photometric follow-up. The timing of three targets is precisely known from previous observations, and the timing of the other three targets is uncertain and we aim to constrain it. We detect or rule out the transit features significantly in single observations for the targets that show transits of 1.3 ppt or deeper. The shallower transit depths of two targets of 0.6 and 0.8 ppt were detected tentatively in single light curves, and were detected significantly by repeated observations. Only for the target of the shallowest transit depth of 0.3 ppt were we unable to draw a significant conclusion despite combining five individual light curves. An injection-recovery test on our real data shows that we detect transits of 1.3 ppt depth significantly in single light curves if the transit is fully covered, including out-of-transit data toward both sides, in some cases down to 0.7 ppt depth. For Kepler-94b, Kepler-63b, and K2-100b, we were able to verify the ephemeris. In the case of K2-138c with a 0.6 ppt deep transit, we were able to refine it, and in the case of K2-138e, we ruled out the transit in the time interval of more than ±1.5 σ of its current literature ephemeris. KW - methods: observational KW - techniques: photometric KW - planets and satellites: fundamental parameters Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140599 SN - 0004-6361 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 657 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Hucai A1 - Paijmans, Johanna L. A. A1 - Chang, Fengqin A1 - Wu, Xiaohong A1 - Chen, Guangjie A1 - Lei, Chuzhao A1 - Yang, Xiujuan A1 - Wei, Zhenyi A1 - Bradley, Daniel G. A1 - Orlando, Ludovic A1 - O'Connor, Terry A1 - Hofreiter, Michael T1 - Morphological and genetic evidence for early Holocene cattle management in northeastern China JF - Nature Communications N2 - The domestication of cattle is generally accepted to have taken place in two independent centres: around 10,500 years ago in the Near East, giving rise to modern taurine cattle, and two millennia later in southern Asia, giving rise to zebu cattle. Here we provide firmly dated morphological and genetic evidence for early Holocene management of taurine cattle in northeastern China. We describe conjoining mandibles from this region that show evidence of oral stereotypy, dated to the early Holocene by two independent C-14 dates. Using Illumina high-throughput sequencing coupled with DNA hybridization capture, we characterize 15,406 bp of the mitogenome with on average 16.7-fold coverage. Phylogenetic analyses reveal a hitherto unknown mitochondrial haplogroup that falls outside the known taurine diversity. Our data suggest that the first attempts to manage cattle in northern China predate the introduction of domestic cattle that gave rise to the current stock by several thousand years. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3755 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 4 IS - 6 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baier, Frank W. A1 - Lima-Neto, G. B. A1 - Wipper, H. A1 - Braun, Michael T1 - Optical and X-ray structures of galaxy clusters I Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abercrombie, Laura Good A1 - Anderson, Cynthia M. A1 - Baldwin, Bruce G. A1 - Bang, In-Chul A1 - Beldade, Ricardo A1 - Bernardi, Giacomo A1 - Boubou, Angham A1 - Branca, Antoine A1 - Bretagnolle, Francois A1 - Bruford, Michael W. A1 - Buonamici, Anna A1 - Burnett, Robert K. A1 - Canal, D. A1 - Cardenas, H. A1 - Caullet, Coraline A1 - Chen, S. Y. A1 - Chun, Y. J. A1 - Cossu, C. A1 - Crane, Charles F. A1 - Cros-Arteil, Sandrine A1 - Cudney-Bueno, Richard A1 - Danti, Roberto A1 - Davila, José Antonio A1 - Della Rocca, Gianni A1 - Dobata, Shigeto A1 - Dunkle, Larry D. A1 - Dupas, Stephane and others T1 - Permanent genetic resources added to molecular ecology resources database 1 January 2009-30 April 2009 N2 - This article documents the addition of 283 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Agalinis acuta; Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Berula erecta; Casuarius casuarius; Cercospora zeae-maydis; Chorthippus parallelus; Conyza canadensis; Cotesia sesamiae; Epinephelus acanthistius; Ficedula hypoleuca; Grindelia hirsutula; Guadua angustifolia; Leucadendron rubrum; Maritrema novaezealandensis; Meretrix meretrix; Nilaparvata lugens; Oxyeleotris marmoratus; Phoxinus neogaeus; Pristomyrmex punctatus; Pseudobagrus brevicorpus; Seiridium cardinale; Stenopsyche marmorata; Tetranychus evansi and Xerus inauris. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Agalinis decemloba; Agalinis tenella; Agalinis obtusifolia; Agalinis setacea; Agalinis skinneriana; Cercospora zeina; Cercospora kikuchii; Cercospora sorghi; Mycosphaerella graminicola; Setosphaeria turcica; Magnaporthe oryzae; Cotesia flavipes; Cotesia marginiventris; Grindelia Xpaludosa; Grindelia chiloensis; Grindelia fastigiata; Grindelia lanceolata; Grindelia squarrosa; Leucadendron coniferum; Leucadendron salicifolium; Leucadendron tinctum; Leucadendron meridianum; Laodelphax striatellus; Sogatella furcifera; Phoxinus eos; Phoxinus rigidus; Phoxinus brevispinosus; Phoxinus bicolor; Tetranychus urticae; Tetranychus turkestani; Tetranychus ludeni; Tetranychus neocaledonicus; Tetranychus amicus; Amphitetranychus viennensis; Eotetranychus rubiphilus; Eotetranychus tiliarium; Oligonychus perseae; Panonychus citri; Bryobia rubrioculus; Schizonobia bundi; Petrobia harti; Xerus princeps; Spermophilus tridecemlineatus and Sciurus carolinensis. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291755-0998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02746.x SN - 1755-098X ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kucian, Karin A1 - Kohn, Juliane A1 - Hannula-Sormunen, Minna M. A1 - Richtmann, Verena A1 - Grond, Ursin A1 - Käser, Tanja A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - von Aster, Michael G. T1 - Kinder mit Dyskalkulie fokussieren spontan weniger auf Anzahligkeit Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hofmann, Ch. A1 - Sandig, V. A1 - Kirillova, I. A1 - Jennings, G. A1 - Rudolph, Michael A1 - Schlag, Peter M. A1 - Strauss, M. T1 - Hepatocyte- specific binding of L/S-HBV protein particles expressed in insect cells Y1 - 1995 ER -