TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wilkin, Kyle J.
A1  - Parrish, Robert M.
A1  - Yang, Jie
A1  - Wolf, Thomas J. A.
A1  - Nunes, J. Pedro F.
A1  - Gühr, Markus
A1  - Li, Renkai
A1  - Shen, Xiaozhe
A1  - Zheng, Qiang
A1  - Wang, Xijie
A1  - Martinez, Todd J.
A1  - Centurion, Martin
T1  - Diffractive imaging of dissociation and ground-state dynamics in a complex molecule
JF  - Physical review : A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
N2  - We have investigated the structural dynamics in photoexcited 1,2-diiodotetrafluoroethane molecules (C2F4I2) in the gas phase experimentally using ultrafast electron diffraction and theoretically using FOMO-CASCI excited-state dynamics simulations. The molecules are excited by an ultraviolet femtosecond laser pulse to a state characterized by a transition from the iodine 5p perpendicular to orbital to a mixed 5p parallel to sigma hole and CF2 center dot antibonding orbital, which results in the cleavage of one of the carbon-iodine bonds. We have observed, with sub-Angstrom resolution, the motion of the nuclear wave packet of the dissociating iodine atom followed by coherent vibrations in the electronic ground state of the C2F4I radical. The radical reaches a stable classical (nonbridged) structure in less than 200 fs.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.100.023402
SN  - 2469-9926
SN  - 2469-9934
VL  - 100
IS  - 2
PB  - American Physical Society
CY  - College Park
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pena-Angulo, D.
A1  - Nadal-Romero, E.
A1  - Gonzalez-Hidalgo, J. C.
A1  - Albaladejo, J.
A1  - Andreu, V
A1  - Bagarello, V
A1  - Barhi, H.
A1  - Batalla, R. J.
A1  - Bernal, S.
A1  - Bienes, R.
A1  - Campo, J.
A1  - Campo-Bescos, M. A.
A1  - Canatario-Duarte, A.
A1  - Canton, Y.
A1  - Casali, J.
A1  - Castillo, V
A1  - Cerda, Artemi
A1  - Cheggour, A.
A1  - Cid, Patricio
A1  - Cortesi, N.
A1  - Desir, G.
A1  - Diaz-Pereira, E.
A1  - Espigares, T.
A1  - Estrany, Joan
A1  - Fernandez-Raga, M.
A1  - Ferreira, Carla S. S.
A1  - Ferro, Vito
A1  - Gallart, Francesc
A1  - Gimenez, R.
A1  - Gimeno, E.
A1  - Gomez, J. A.
A1  - Gomez-Gutierrez, A.
A1  - Gomez-Macpherson, H.
A1  - Gonzalez-Pelayo, O.
A1  - Hueso-Gonzalez, P.
A1  - Kairis, O.
A1  - Karatzas, G. P.
A1  - Klotz, S.
A1  - Kosmas, C.
A1  - Lana-Renault, Noemi
A1  - Lasanta, T.
A1  - Latron, J.
A1  - Lazaro, R.
A1  - Le Bissonnais, Y.
A1  - Le Bouteiller, C.
A1  - Licciardello, F.
A1  - Lopez-Tarazon, José Andrés
A1  - Lucia, A.
A1  - Marin, C.
A1  - Marques, M. J.
A1  - Martinez-Fernandez, J.
A1  - Martinez-Mena, M.
A1  - Martinez-Murillo, J. F.
A1  - Mateos, L.
A1  - Mathys, N.
A1  - Merino-Martin, L.
A1  - Moreno-de las Heras, M.
A1  - Moustakas, N.
A1  - Nicolau, J. M.
A1  - Novara, A.
A1  - Pampalone, V
A1  - Raclot, D.
A1  - Rodriguez-Blanco, M. L.
A1  - Rodrigo-Comino, Jesús
A1  - Romero-Diaz, A.
A1  - Roose, E.
A1  - Rubio, J. L.
A1  - Ruiz-Sinoga, J. D.
A1  - Schnabel, S.
A1  - Senciales-Gonzalez, J. M.
A1  - Simonneaux, V
A1  - Sole-Benet, A.
A1  - Taguas, E.
A1  - Taboada-Castro, M. M.
A1  - Taboada-Castro, M. T.
A1  - Todisco, Francesca
A1  - Ubeda, X.
A1  - Varouchakis, E. A.
A1  - Vericat, Damia
A1  - Wittenberg, L.
A1  - Zabaleta, A.
A1  - Zorn, M.
T1  - Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin
JF  - Journal of hydrology
N2  - Soil degradation by water is a serious environmental problem worldwide, with specific climatic factors being the major causes. We investigated the relationships between synoptic atmospheric patterns (i.e. weather types, WTs) and runoff, erosion and sediment yield throughout the Mediterranean basin by analyzing a large database of natural rainfall events at 68 research sites in 9 countries. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify spatial relationships of the different WTs including three hydro-sedimentary variables: rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield (SY, used to refer to both soil erosion measured at plot scale and sediment yield registered at catchment scale). The results indicated 4 spatial classes of rainfall and runoff: (a) northern sites dependent on North (N) and North West (NW) flows; (b) eastern sites dependent on E and NE flows; (c) southern sites dependent on S and SE flows; and, finally, (d) western sites dependent on W and SW flows. Conversely, three spatial classes are identified for SY characterized by: (a) N and NE flows in northern sites (b) E flows in eastern sites, and (c) W and SW flows in western sites. Most of the rainfall, runoff and SY occurred during a small number of daily events, and just a few WTs accounted for large percentages of the total. Our results confirm that characterization by WT improves understanding of the general conditions under which runoff and SY occur, and provides useful information for understanding the spatial variability of runoff, and SY throughout the Mediterranean basin. The approach used here could be useful to aid of the design of regional water management and soil conservation measures.
KW  - Synoptic weather types
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Sediment yield
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Mediterranean basin
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.01.059
SN  - 0022-1694
SN  - 1879-2707
VL  - 571
SP  - 390
EP  - 405
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wolf, Thomas J. A.
A1  - Sanchez, David M.
A1  - Yang, J.
A1  - Parrish, R. M.
A1  - Nunes, J. P. F.
A1  - Centurion, M.
A1  - Coffee, R.
A1  - Cryan, J. P.
A1  - Gühr, Markus
A1  - Hegazy, Kareem
A1  - Kirrander, Adam
A1  - Li, R. K.
A1  - Ruddock, J.
A1  - Shen, Xiaozhe
A1  - Vecchione, T.
A1  - Weathersby, S. P.
A1  - Weber, Peter M.
A1  - Wilkin, K.
A1  - Yong, Haiwang
A1  - Zheng, Q.
A1  - Wang, X. J.
A1  - Minitti, Michael P.
A1  - Martinez, Todd J.
T1  - The photochemical ring-opening of 1,3-cyclohexadiene imaged by ultrafast electron diffraction
JF  - Nature chemistry
N2  - The ultrafast photoinduced ring-opening of 1,3-cyclohexadiene constitutes a textbook example of electrocyclic reactions in organic chemistry and a model for photobiological reactions in vitamin D synthesis. Although the relaxation from the photoexcited electronic state during the ring-opening has been investigated in numerous studies, the accompanying changes in atomic distance have not been resolved. Here we present a direct and unambiguous observation of the ring-opening reaction path on the femtosecond timescale and subangstrom length scale using megaelectronvolt ultrafast electron diffraction. We followed the carbon-carbon bond dissociation and the structural opening of the 1,3-cyclohexadiene ring by the direct measurement of time-dependent changes in the distribution of interatomic distances. We observed a substantial acceleration of the ring-opening motion after internal conversion to the ground state due to a steepening of the electronic potential gradient towards the product minima. The ring-opening motion transforms into rotation of the terminal ethylene groups in the photoproduct 1,3,5-hexatriene on the subpicosecond timescale.
KW  - Organic chemistry
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Physical chemistry
KW  - Theoretical chemistry
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-019-0252-7
SN  - 1755-4330
SN  - 1755-4349
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
SP  - 504
EP  - 509
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Radchuk, Viktoriia
A1  - Reed, Thomas
A1  - Teplitsky, Celine
A1  - van de Pol, Martijn
A1  - Charmantier, Anne
A1  - Hassall, Christopher
A1  - Adamik, Peter
A1  - Adriaensen, Frank
A1  - Ahola, Markus P.
A1  - Arcese, Peter
A1  - Miguel Aviles, Jesus
A1  - Balbontin, Javier
A1  - Berg, Karl S.
A1  - Borras, Antoni
A1  - Burthe, Sarah
A1  - Clobert, Jean
A1  - Dehnhard, Nina
A1  - de Lope, Florentino
A1  - Dhondt, Andre A.
A1  - Dingemanse, Niels J.
A1  - Doi, Hideyuki
A1  - Eeva, Tapio
A1  - Fickel, Jörns
A1  - Filella, Iolanda
A1  - Fossoy, Frode
A1  - Goodenough, Anne E.
A1  - Hall, Stephen J. G.
A1  - Hansson, Bengt
A1  - Harris, Michael
A1  - Hasselquist, Dennis
A1  - Hickler, Thomas
A1  - Jasmin Radha, Jasmin
A1  - Kharouba, Heather
A1  - Gabriel Martinez, Juan
A1  - Mihoub, Jean-Baptiste
A1  - Mills, James A.
A1  - Molina-Morales, Mercedes
A1  - Moksnes, Arne
A1  - Ozgul, Arpat
A1  - Parejo, Deseada
A1  - Pilard, Philippe
A1  - Poisbleau, Maud
A1  - Rousset, Francois
A1  - Rödel, Mark-Oliver
A1  - Scott, David
A1  - Carlos Senar, Juan
A1  - Stefanescu, Constanti
A1  - Stokke, Bard G.
A1  - Kusano, Tamotsu
A1  - Tarka, Maja
A1  - Tarwater, Corey E.
A1  - Thonicke, Kirsten
A1  - Thorley, Jack
A1  - Wilting, Andreas
A1  - Tryjanowski, Piotr
A1  - Merila, Juha
A1  - Sheldon, Ben C.
A1  - Moller, Anders Pape
A1  - Matthysen, Erik
A1  - Janzen, Fredric
A1  - Dobson, F. Stephen
A1  - Visser, Marcel E.
A1  - Beissinger, Steven R.
A1  - Courtiol, Alexandre
A1  - Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie
T1  - Adaptive responses of animals to climate change are most likely insufficient
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - Biological responses to climate change have been widely documented across taxa and regions, but it remains unclear whether species are maintaining a good match between phenotype and environment, i.e. whether observed trait changes are adaptive. Here we reviewed 10,090 abstracts and extracted data from 71 studies reported in 58 relevant publications, to assess quantitatively whether phenotypic trait changes associated with climate change are adaptive in animals. A meta-analysis focussing on birds, the taxon best represented in our dataset, suggests that global warming has not systematically affected morphological traits, but has advanced phenological traits. We demonstrate that these advances are adaptive for some species, but imperfect as evidenced by the observed consistent selection for earlier timing. Application of a theoretical model indicates that the evolutionary load imposed by incomplete adaptive responses to ongoing climate change may already be threatening the persistence of species.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10924-4
SN  - 2041-1723
VL  - 10
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Yang, Jie
A1  - Zhu, Xiaolei
A1  - Wolf, Thomas J. A.
A1  - Li, Zheng
A1  - Nunes, João Pedro Figueira
A1  - Coffee, Ryan
A1  - Cryan, James P.
A1  - Gühr, Markus
A1  - Hegazy, Kareem
A1  - Heinz, Tony F.
A1  - Jobe, Keith
A1  - Li, Renkai
A1  - Shen, Xiaozhe
A1  - Veccione, Theodore
A1  - Weathersby, Stephen
A1  - Wilkin, Kyle J.
A1  - Yoneda, Charles
A1  - Zheng, Qiang
A1  - Martinez, Todd J.
A1  - Centurion, Martin
A1  - Wang, Xijie
T1  - Imaging CF3I conical intersection and photodissociation dynamics with ultrafast electron diffraction
JF  - Science
N2  - Conical intersections play a critical role in excited-state dynamics of polyatomic molecules because they govern the reaction pathways of many nonadiabatic processes. However, ultrafast probes have lacked sufficient spatial resolution to image wave-packet trajectories through these intersections directly. Here, we present the simultaneous experimental characterization of one-photon and two-photon excitation channels in isolated CF3I molecules using ultrafast gas-phase electron diffraction. In the two-photon channel, we have mapped out the real-space trajectories of a coherent nuclear wave packet, which bifurcates onto two potential energy surfaces when passing through a conical intersection. In the one-photon channel, we have resolved excitation of both the umbrella and the breathing vibrational modes in the CF3 fragment in multiple nuclear dimensions. These findings benchmark and validate ab initio nonadiabatic dynamics calculations.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat0049
SN  - 0036-8075
SN  - 1095-9203
VL  - 361
IS  - 6397
SP  - 64
EP  - 67
PB  - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Martinez-Chicharro, M.
A1  - Torrejon, J. M.
A1  - Oskinova, Lida
A1  - Furst, F.
A1  - Postnov, K.
A1  - Rodes-Roca, J. J.
A1  - Hainich, Rainer
A1  - Bodaghee, A.
T1  - Evidence of Compton cooling during an X-ray flare supports a neutron star nature of the compact object in 4U1700-37
JF  - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
N2  - Based on new Chandra X-ray telescope data, we present empirical evidence of plasma Compton cooling during a flare in the non-pulsating massive X-ray binary 4U1700-37. This behaviour might be explained by quasi-spherical accretion on to a slowly rotating magnetized neutron star (NS). In quiescence, the NS in 4U1700-37 is surrounded by a hot radiatively cooling shell. Its presence is supported by the detection of mHz quasi-periodic oscillations likely produced by its convection cells. The high plasma temperature and the relatively low X-ray luminosity observed during the quiescence, point to a small emitting area similar to 1 km, compatible with a hotspot on an NS surface. The sudden transition from a radiative to a significantly more efficient Compton cooling regime triggers an episode of enhanced accretion resulting in a flare. During the flare, the plasma temperature drops quickly. The predicted luminosity for such transitions, similar to 3 x 10(35) erg s(-1), is very close to the luminosity of 4U1700-37 during quiescence. The transition may be caused by the accretion of a clump in the stellar wind of the donor star. Thus, a magnetized NS nature of the compact object is strongly favoured.
KW  - stars: individual: 4U1700-37
KW  - V*V884 Sco
KW  - X-rays: binaries
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slx165
SN  - 0035-8711
SN  - 1365-2966
VL  - 473
IS  - 1
SP  - L74
EP  - L78
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ahnen, M. L.
A1  - Ansoldi, S.
A1  - Antonelli, L. A.
A1  - Arcaro, C.
A1  - Babie, A.
A1  - Banerjee, B.
A1  - Bangale, P.
A1  - de Almeida, U. Barres
A1  - Barrio, J. A.
A1  - Gonzalez, J. Becerra
A1  - Bednarek, W.
A1  - Bernardini, E.
A1  - Berti, A.
A1  - Biasuzzi, B.
A1  - Biland, A.
A1  - Blanch, O.
A1  - Bonnefoy, S.
A1  - Bonnoli, G.
A1  - Borracci, F.
A1  - Carosi, R.
A1  - Carosi, A.
A1  - Chatterjee, A.
A1  - Colin, P.
A1  - Colombo, E.
A1  - Contreras, J. L.
A1  - Cortina, J.
A1  - Covino, S.
A1  - Cumani, P.
A1  - Da Vela, P.
A1  - Dazzi, F.
A1  - De Angelis, A.
A1  - De Lotto, B.
A1  - Wilhelmi, E. de Ona
A1  - Di Pierro, F.
A1  - Doert, M.
A1  - Dominguez, A.
A1  - Prester, D. Dominis
A1  - Dorner, D.
A1  - Doro, M.
A1  - Einecke, S.
A1  - Glawion, D. Eisenacher
A1  - Elsaesser, D.
A1  - Engelkemeier, M.
A1  - Ramazani, V. Fallah
A1  - Fernandez-Barra, A.
A1  - Fidalgo, D.
A1  - Fonseca, M. V.
A1  - Font, L.
A1  - Fruck, C.
A1  - Galindo, D.
A1  - Lopez, R. J. Garcia
A1  - Garczarczyk, M.
A1  - Gaug, M.
A1  - Giammaria, P.
A1  - Godinovie, N.
A1  - Gora, D.
A1  - Griffiths, S.
A1  - Guberman, D.
A1  - Hadasch, D.
A1  - Hahn, A.
A1  - Hassan, T.
A1  - Hayashida, M.
A1  - Herrera, J.
A1  - Hose, J.
A1  - Hrupec, D.
A1  - Hughes, G.
A1  - Ishio, K.
A1  - Konno, Y.
A1  - Kubo, H.
A1  - Kushida, J.
A1  - Kuvezdie, D.
A1  - Lelas, D.
A1  - Lindfors, E.
A1  - Lombardi, S.
A1  - Longo, F.
A1  - Lopez, M.
A1  - Lopez-Oramas, A.
A1  - Majumdar, P.
A1  - Makariev, M.
A1  - Maneva, G.
A1  - Manganaro, M.
A1  - Mannheim, K.
A1  - Maraschi, L.
A1  - Mariotti, M.
A1  - Martinez, M.
A1  - Mazin, D.
A1  - Menzel, U.
A1  - Minev, M.
A1  - Mirzoyan, R.
A1  - Moralejo, A.
A1  - Moreno, V.
A1  - Moretti, E.
A1  - Munar-Adrover, P.
A1  - Neustroev, V.
A1  - Niedzwiecki, A.
A1  - Rosillo, M. Nievas
A1  - Nilsson, K.
A1  - Nishijima, K.
A1  - Noda, K.
A1  - Nogues, L.
A1  - Paiano, S.
A1  - Palacio, J.
A1  - Paneque, D.
A1  - Paoletti, R.
A1  - Paredes, J. M.
A1  - Paredes-Fortuny, X.
A1  - Pedaletti, G.
A1  - Peresano, M.
A1  - Perri, L.
A1  - Persic, M.
A1  - Moroni, P. G. Prada
A1  - Prandini, E.
A1  - Puljak, I.
A1  - Garcia, J. R.
A1  - Reichardt, I.
A1  - Rhode, W.
A1  - Riti, M.
A1  - Rico, J.
A1  - Saito, T.
A1  - Satalecka, K.
A1  - Schroeder, S.
A1  - Schweizer, T.
A1  - Shore, S. N.
A1  - Sillanpaa, A.
A1  - Sitarek, J.
A1  - Sobczynskall, D.
A1  - Stamerra, A.
A1  - Strzys, M.
A1  - Surie, T.
A1  - Takalo, L.
A1  - Tavecchio, F.
A1  - Temnikov, P.
A1  - Terzie, T.
A1  - Tescaro, D.
A1  - Teshima, M.
A1  - Torres, D. F.
A1  - Torres-Alla, N.
A1  - Treves, A.
A1  - Vanzo, G.
A1  - Acosta, M. Vazquez
A1  - Vovk, I.
A1  - Ward, J. E.
A1  - Will, M.
A1  - Wu, M. H.
A1  - Zarie, D.
A1  - Abdalla, Hassan E.
A1  - Abramowski, A.
A1  - Aharonian, Felix A.
A1  - Benkhali, F. Ait
A1  - Akhperjanian, A. G.
A1  - Andersson, T.
A1  - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
A1  - Arakawa, M.
A1  - Arrieta, M.
A1  - Aubert, P.
A1  - Backes, M.
A1  - Balzer, A.
A1  - Barnard, M.
A1  - Becherini, Y.
A1  - Tjus, J. Becker
A1  - Berge, D.
A1  - Bernhard, S.
A1  - Bernlohr, K.
A1  - Blackwell, R.
A1  - Bottcher, M.
A1  - Boisson, C.
A1  - Bolmont, J.
A1  - Bordas, Pol
A1  - Bregeon, J.
A1  - Brun, F.
A1  - Brun, P.
A1  - Bryan, M.
A1  - Btichele, M.
A1  - Bulik, T.
A1  - Capasso, M.
A1  - Carr, J.
A1  - Casanova, Sabrina
A1  - Cerruti, M.
A1  - Chakraborty, N.
A1  - Chalme-Calvet, R.
A1  - Chaves, R. C. G.
A1  - Chen, A.
A1  - Chevalier, J.
A1  - Chretien, M.
A1  - Coffaro, M.
A1  - Colafrancesco, S.
A1  - Cologna, G.
A1  - Condon, B.
A1  - Conrad, J.
A1  - Cui, Y.
A1  - Davids, I. D.
A1  - Decock, J.
A1  - Degrange, B.
A1  - Dei, C.
A1  - Devin, J.
A1  - Dewilt, P.
A1  - Dirson, L.
A1  - Djannati-Atai, A.
A1  - Domainko, W.
A1  - Donath, A.
A1  - Dutson, K.
A1  - Dyks, J.
A1  - Edwards, T.
A1  - Egberts, Kathrin
A1  - Eger, P.
A1  - Ernenwein, J. -P.
A1  - Eschbach, S.
A1  - Farnier, C.
A1  - Fegan, S.
A1  - Fernandes, M. V.
A1  - Fiasson, A.
A1  - Fontaine, G.
A1  - Forster, A.
A1  - Funk, S.
A1  - Ftifiling, M.
A1  - Gabici, S.
A1  - Gajdus, M.
A1  - Gallant, Y. A.
A1  - Garrigoux, T.
A1  - Giavitto, G.
A1  - Giebels, B.
A1  - Glicenstein, J. F.
A1  - Gottschal, D.
A1  - Goya, A.
A1  - Grondin, M. -H.
A1  - Hahn, J.
A1  - Haupt, M.
A1  - Hawkes, J.
A1  - Heinzelmann, G.
A1  - Henri, G.
A1  - Hermann, G.
A1  - Hervet, O.
A1  - Hinton, J. A.
A1  - Hofmann, W.
A1  - Hoischen, Clemens
A1  - Holler, M.
A1  - Horns, D.
A1  - Ivascenko, A.
A1  - Iwasaki, H.
A1  - Jacholkowska, A.
A1  - Jamrozy, M.
A1  - Janiak, M.
A1  - Jankowsky, D.
A1  - Jankowsky, F.
A1  - Jingo, M.
A1  - Jogler, T.
A1  - Jouvin, L.
A1  - Jung-Richardt, I.
A1  - Kastendieck, M. A.
A1  - Katarzyfiski, K.
A1  - Katsuragawa, M.
A1  - Katz, U.
A1  - Kerszberg, D.
A1  - Khangulyan, D.
A1  - Khelifi, B.
A1  - Kieffer, M.
A1  - King, J.
A1  - Klepser, S.
A1  - Klochkov, D.
A1  - Kluiniak, W.
A1  - Kolitzus, D.
A1  - Komin, Nu.
A1  - Kosack, K.
A1  - Krakau, S.
A1  - Kraus, M.
A1  - Krtiger, P. P.
A1  - Laffon, H.
A1  - Lamanna, G.
A1  - Lau, J.
A1  - Lees, J. -P.
A1  - Lefaucheur, J.
A1  - Lefranc, V.
A1  - Lemiere, A.
A1  - Lemoine-Goumard, M.
A1  - Lenain, J. -P.
A1  - Leser, Eva
A1  - Lohse, T.
A1  - Lorentz, M.
A1  - Liu, R.
A1  - Lopez-Coto, R.
A1  - Lypova, I.
A1  - Marandon, V.
A1  - Marcowith, A.
A1  - Mariaud, C.
A1  - Marx, R.
A1  - Maurin, G.
A1  - Maxted, N.
A1  - Mayer, M.
A1  - Meintjes, P. J.
A1  - Meyer, M.
A1  - Mitche, A. M. W.
A1  - Moderski, R.
A1  - Mohamed, M.
A1  - Mohrmann, L.
A1  - Mora, K.
A1  - Moulin, E.
A1  - Murach, T.
A1  - Nakashima, S.
A1  - De Naurois, M.
A1  - Niederwanger, F.
A1  - Niemiec, J.
A1  - Oakes, L.
A1  - Odaka, H.
A1  - Ott, S.
A1  - Ohm, S.
A1  - Ostrowski, M.
A1  - Oya, I.
A1  - Padovani, M.
A1  - Panter, M.
A1  - Parsons, R. D.
A1  - Pekeur, N. W.
A1  - Pelletier, G.
A1  - Perennes, C.
A1  - Petrucci, P. -O.
A1  - Peyaud, B.
A1  - Pie, Q.
A1  - Pita, S.
A1  - Poon, H.
A1  - Prokhorov, D.
A1  - Prokoph, H.
A1  - Ptffilhofer, G.
A1  - Punch, M.
A1  - Quirrenbach, A.
A1  - Raab, S.
A1  - Reimer, A.
A1  - Reimer, O.
A1  - Renaud, M.
A1  - De Los Reyes, R.
A1  - Richter, S.
A1  - Rieger, F.
A1  - Romoli, C.
A1  - Rowell, G.
A1  - Rudak, B.
A1  - Rulten, C. B.
A1  - Safi-Harb, S.
A1  - Sahakian, V.
A1  - Saito, S.
A1  - Salek, D.
A1  - Sanchez, D. A.
A1  - Santangelo, A.
A1  - Sasaki, M.
A1  - Schlickeiser, R.
A1  - Schtissler, F.
A1  - Schulz, A.
A1  - Schwanke, U.
A1  - Schwemmer, S.
A1  - Seglar-Arroyo, M.
A1  - Settimo, M.
A1  - Seyffert, A. S.
A1  - Shafi, N.
A1  - Shilon, I.
A1  - Simoni, R.
A1  - So, H.
A1  - Spanier, F.
A1  - Spengler, G.
A1  - Spies, F.
A1  - Stawarz, L.
A1  - Steenkamp, R.
A1  - Stegmann, Christian
A1  - Stycz, K.
A1  - Sushch, I.
A1  - Takahashi, T.
A1  - Tavernet, J. -P.
A1  - Tavernier, T.
A1  - Taylor, A. M.
A1  - Terrier, R.
A1  - Tibaldo, L.
A1  - Tiziani, D.
A1  - Tluczykont, M.
A1  - Trichard, C.
A1  - Tsuji, N.
A1  - Tuffs, R.
A1  - Uchiyama, Y.
A1  - Van der Walt, D. J.
A1  - Van Eldik, C.
A1  - Van Rensburg, C.
A1  - Van Soelen, B.
A1  - Vasileiadis, G.
A1  - Veh, J.
A1  - Venter, C.
A1  - Viana, A.
A1  - Vincent, P.
A1  - Vink, J.
A1  - Voisin, F.
A1  - Vok, H. J.
A1  - Vuillaume, T.
A1  - Wadiasingh, Z.
A1  - Wagner, S. J.
A1  - Wagner, P.
A1  - Wagner, R. M.
A1  - White, R.
A1  - Wierzcholska, A.
A1  - Willmann, P.
A1  - Wornlein, A.
A1  - Wouters, D.
A1  - Yang, R.
A1  - Zabalza, V.
A1  - Zaborov, D.
A1  - Zacharias, M.
A1  - Zanin, R.
A1  - Zdziarski, A. A.
A1  - Zech, Alraune
A1  - Zefi, F.
A1  - Ziegler, A.
A1  - Zywuckan, N.
T1  - Constraints on particle acceleration in SS433/W50 from MAGIC and HESS observations
JF  - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2  - Context. The large jet kinetic power and non-thermal processes occurring in the microquasar SS 433 make this source a good candidate for a very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitter. Gamma-ray fluxes above the sensitivity limits of current Cherenkov telescopes have been predicted for both the central X-ray binary system and the interaction regions of SS 433 jets with the surrounding W50 nebula. Non-thermal emission at lower energies has been previously reported, indicating that efficient particle acceleration is taking place in the system. Aims. We explore the capability of SS 433 to emit VHE gamma rays during periods in which the expected flux attenuation due to periodic eclipses (P-orb similar to 13.1 days) and precession of the circumstellar disk (P-pre similar to 162 days) periodically covering the central binary system is expected to be at its minimum. The eastern and western SS 433/W50 interaction regions are also examined using the whole data set available. We aim to constrain some theoretical models previously developed for this system with our observations. Methods. We made use of dedicated observations from the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescopes (MAGIC) and High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) of SS 433 taken from 2006 to 2011. These observation were combined for the first time and accounted for a total effective observation time of 16.5 h, which were scheduled considering the expected phases of minimum absorption of the putative VHE emission. Gamma-ray attenuation does not affect the jet/medium interaction regions. In this case, the analysis of a larger data set amounting to similar to 40-80 h, depending on the region, was employed. Results. No evidence of VHE gamma-ray emission either from the central binary system or from the eastern/western interaction regions was found. Upper limits were computed for the combined data set. Differential fluxes from the central system are found to be less than or similar to 10(-12)-10(-13) TeV-1 cm(-2) s(-1) in an energy interval ranging from similar to few x 100 GeV to similar to few TeV. Integral flux limits down to similar to 10(-12)-10(-13) ph cm(-2) s(-1) and similar to 10(-13)-10(-14) ph cm(-2) s(-1) are obtained at 300 and 800 GeV, respectively. Our results are used to place constraints on the particle acceleration fraction at the inner jet regions and on the physics of the jet/medium interactions. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the fraction of the jet kinetic power that is transferred to relativistic protons must be relatively small in SS 433, q(p) <= 2.5 x 10(-5), to explain the lack of TeV and neutrino emission from the central system. At the SS 433/W50 interface, the presence of magnetic fields greater than or similar to 10 mu G is derived assuming a synchrotron origin for the observed X-ray emission. This also implies the presence of high-energy electrons with E-e up to 50 TeV, preventing an efficient production of gamma-ray fluxes in these interaction regions.
KW  - gamma rays: general
KW  - stars: black holes
KW  - X-rays: binaries
KW  - ISM: jets and outflows
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731169
SN  - 1432-0746
VL  - 612
PB  - EDP Sciences
CY  - Les Ulis
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hartman, Jan F.
A1  - Gentz, Torben
A1  - Schiller, Amanda
A1  - Greule, Markus
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
A1  - Ionescu, Danny
A1  - Keppler, Frank
A1  - Martinez-Cruz, Karla
A1  - Sepulveda-Jauregui, Armando
A1  - Isenbeck-Schroeter, Margot
T1  - A f ast and sensitive method for the continuous in situ determination of dissolved methane and its delta C-13-isotope ratio in surface waters
JF  - Limnology and Oceanography-methods
N2  - A fast and sensitive method for the continuous determination of methane (CH4) and its stable carbon isotopic values (delta C-13-CH4) in surface waters was developed by applying a vacuum to a gas/liquid exchange membrane and measuring the extracted gases by a portable cavity ring-down spectroscopy analyser (M-CRDS). The M-CRDS was calibrated and characterized for CH4 concentration and delta C-13-CH4 with synthetic water standards. The detection limit of the M-CRDS for the simultaneous determination of CH4 and delta C-13-CH4 is 3.6 nmol L-1 CH4. A measurement precision of CH4 concentrations and delta C-13-CH4 in the range of 1.1%, respectively, 1.7 parts per thousand (1 sigma) and accuracy (1.3%, respectively, 0.8 parts per thousand [1 sigma]) was achieved for single measurements and averaging times of 10 min. The response time tau of 57 +/- 5 s allow determination of delta C-13-CH4 values more than twice as fast than other methods. The demonstrated M-CRDS method was applied and tested for Lake Stechlin (Germany) and compared with the headspace-gas chromatography and fast membrane CH4 concentration methods. Maximum CH4 concentrations (577 nmol L-1) and lightest delta C-13-CH4 (-35.2 parts per thousand) were found around the thermocline in depth profile measurements. The M-CRDS-method was in good agreement with other methods. Temporal variations in CH4 concentration and delta C-13-CH4 obtained in 24 h measurements indicate either local methane production/oxidation or physical variations in the thermocline. Therefore, these results illustrate the need of fast and sensitive analyses to achieve a better understanding of different mechanisms and pathways of CH4 formation in aquatic environments.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10244
SN  - 1541-5856
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
SP  - 273
EP  - 285
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ahnen, M. L.
A1  - Ansoldi, S.
A1  - Antonelli, L. A.
A1  - Arcaro, C.
A1  - Babic, A.
A1  - Banerjee, B.
A1  - Bangale, P.
A1  - Barres de Almeida, U.
A1  - Barrio, J. A.
A1  - Gonzalez, J. Becerra
A1  - Bednarek, W.
A1  - Bernardini, E.
A1  - Berti, A.
A1  - Bhattacharyya, W.
A1  - Blanch, O.
A1  - Bonnoli, G.
A1  - Carosi, R.
A1  - Carosi, A.
A1  - Chatterjee, A.
A1  - Colak, S. M.
A1  - Colin, P.
A1  - Colombo, E.
A1  - Contreras, J. L.
A1  - Cortina, J.
A1  - Covino, S.
A1  - Cumani, P.
A1  - Da Vela, P.
A1  - Dazzi, F.
A1  - De Angelis, A.
A1  - De Lotto, B.
A1  - Delfino, M.
A1  - Delgado, Jose Miguel Martins
A1  - Di Pierro, F.
A1  - Doert, M.
A1  - Dominguez, A.
A1  - Prester, D. Dominis
A1  - Doro, M.
A1  - Glawion, D. Eisenacher
A1  - Engelkemeier, M.
A1  - Ramazani, V. Fallah
A1  - Fernandez-Barral, A.
A1  - Fidalgo, D.
A1  - Fonseca, M. V.
A1  - Font, L.
A1  - Fruck, C.
A1  - Galindo, D.
A1  - Lopez, R. J. Garcia
A1  - Garczarczyk, M.
A1  - Gaug, M.
A1  - Giammaria, P.
A1  - Godinovic, N.
A1  - Gora, D.
A1  - Guberman, D.
A1  - Hadasch, D.
A1  - Hahn, A.
A1  - Hassan, T.
A1  - Hayashida, M.
A1  - Herrera, J.
A1  - Hose, J.
A1  - Hrupec, D.
A1  - Ishio, K.
A1  - Konno, Y.
A1  - Kubo, H.
A1  - Kushida, J.
A1  - Kuvezdic, D.
A1  - Lelas, D.
A1  - Lindfors, E.
A1  - Lombardi, S.
A1  - Longo, F.
A1  - Lopez, M.
A1  - Maggio, C.
A1  - Majumdar, P.
A1  - Makariev, M.
A1  - Maneva, G.
A1  - Manganaro, M.
A1  - Maraschi, L.
A1  - Mariotti, M.
A1  - Martinez, M.
A1  - Mazin, D.
A1  - Menzel, U.
A1  - Minev, M.
A1  - Miranda, J. M.
A1  - Mirzoyan, R.
A1  - Moralejo, A.
A1  - Moreno, V.
A1  - Moretti, E.
A1  - Nagayoshi, T.
A1  - Neustroev, V.
A1  - Niedzwiecki, A.
A1  - Nievas Rosillo, M.
A1  - Nigro, C.
A1  - Nilsson, K.
A1  - Ninci, D.
A1  - Nishijima, K.
A1  - Noda, K.
A1  - Nogues, L.
A1  - Paiano, S.
A1  - Palacio, J.
A1  - Paneque, D.
A1  - Paoletti, R.
A1  - Paredes, J. M.
A1  - Pedaletti, G.
A1  - Peresano, M.
A1  - Perri, L.
A1  - Persic, M.
A1  - Moroni, P. G. Prada
A1  - Prandini, E.
A1  - Puljak, I.
A1  - Garcia, J. R.
A1  - Reichardt, I.
A1  - Ribo, M.
A1  - Rico, J.
A1  - Righi, C.
A1  - Rugliancich, A.
A1  - Saito, T.
A1  - Satalecka, K.
A1  - Schroeder, S.
A1  - Schweizer, T.
A1  - Shore, S. N.
A1  - Sitarek, J.
A1  - Snidaric, I.
A1  - Sobczynska, D.
A1  - Stamerra, A.
A1  - Strzys, M.
A1  - Suric, T.
A1  - Takalo, L.
A1  - Tavecchio, F.
A1  - Temnikov, P.
A1  - Terzic, T.
A1  - Teshima, M.
A1  - Torres-Alba, N.
A1  - Treves, A.
A1  - Tsujimoto, S.
A1  - Vanzo, G.
A1  - Vazquez Acosta, M.
A1  - Vovk, I.
A1  - Ward, J. E.
A1  - Will, M.
A1  - Zaric, D.
A1  - Arbet-Engels, A.
A1  - Baack, D.
A1  - Balbo, M.
A1  - Biland, A.
A1  - Blank, M.
A1  - Bretz, T.
A1  - Bruegge, K.
A1  - Bulinski, M.
A1  - Buss, J.
A1  - Dmytriiev, A.
A1  - Dorner, D.
A1  - Einecke, S.
A1  - Elsaesser, D.
A1  - Herbst, T.
A1  - Hildebrand, D.
A1  - Kortmann, L.
A1  - Linhoff, L.
A1  - Mahlke, M.
A1  - Mannheim, K.
A1  - Mueller, S. A.
A1  - Neise, D.
A1  - Neronov, A.
A1  - Noethe, M.
A1  - Oberkirch, J.
A1  - Paravac, A.
A1  - Rhode, W.
A1  - Schleicher, B.
A1  - Schulz, F.
A1  - Sedlaczek, K.
A1  - Shukla, A.
A1  - Sliusar, V.
A1  - Walter, R.
A1  - Archer, A.
A1  - Benbow, W.
A1  - Bird, R.
A1  - Brose, Robert
A1  - Buckley, J. H.
A1  - Bugaev, V.
A1  - Christiansen, J. L.
A1  - Cui, W.
A1  - Daniel, M. K.
A1  - Falcone, A.
A1  - Feng, Q.
A1  - Finley, J. P.
A1  - Gillanders, G. H.
A1  - Gueta, O.
A1  - Hanna, D.
A1  - Hervet, O.
A1  - Holder, J.
A1  - Hughes, G.
A1  - Huetten, M.
A1  - Humensky, T. B.
A1  - Johnson, C. A.
A1  - Kaaret, P.
A1  - Kar, P.
A1  - Kelley-Hoskins, N.
A1  - Kertzman, M.
A1  - Kieda, D.
A1  - Krause, M.
A1  - Krennrich, F.
A1  - Kumar, S.
A1  - Lang, M. J.
A1  - Lin, T. T. Y.
A1  - Maier, G.
A1  - McArthur, S.
A1  - Moriarty, P.
A1  - Mukherjee, R.
A1  - Ong, R. A.
A1  - Otte, A. N.
A1  - Park, N.
A1  - Petrashyk, A.
A1  - Pichel, A.
A1  - Pohl, Martin
A1  - Quinn, J.
A1  - Ragan, K.
A1  - Reynolds, P. T.
A1  - Richards, G. T.
A1  - Roache, E.
A1  - Rovero, A. C.
A1  - Rulten, C.
A1  - Sadeh, I.
A1  - Santander, M.
A1  - Sembroski, G. H.
A1  - Shahinyan, K.
A1  - Sushch, Iurii
A1  - Tyler, J.
A1  - Wakely, S. P.
A1  - Weinstein, A.
A1  - Wells, R. M.
A1  - Wilcox, P.
A1  - Wilhel, A.
A1  - Williams, D. A.
A1  - Williamson, T. J.
A1  - Zitzer, B.
A1  - Perri, M.
A1  - Verrecchia, F.
A1  - Leto, C.
A1  - Villata, M.
A1  - Raiteri, C. M.
A1  - Jorstad, S. G.
A1  - Larionov, V. M.
A1  - Blinov, D. A.
A1  - Grishina, T. S.
A1  - Kopatskaya, E. N.
A1  - Larionova, E. G.
A1  - Nikiforova, A. A.
A1  - Morozova, D. A.
A1  - Troitskaya, Yu. V.
A1  - Troitsky, I. S.
A1  - Kurtanidze, O. M.
A1  - Nikolashvili, M. G.
A1  - Kurtanidze, S. O.
A1  - Kimeridze, G. N.
A1  - Chigladze, R. A.
A1  - Strigachev, A.
A1  - Sadun, A. C.
T1  - Extreme HBL behavior of Markarian 501 during 2012
JF  - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal / European Southern Observatory (ESO)
N2  - Aims. We aim to characterize the multiwavelength emission from Markarian 501 (Mrk 501), quantify the energy-dependent variability, study the potential multiband correlations, and describe the temporal evolution of the broadband emission within leptonic theoretical scenarios. Methods. We organized a multiwavelength campaign to take place between March and July of 2012. Excellent temporal coverage was obtained with more than 25 instruments, including the MAGIC, FACT and VERITAS Cherenkov telescopes, the instruments on board the Swift and Fermi spacecraft, and the telescopes operated by the GASP-WEBT collaboration. Results. Mrk 501 showed a very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray flux above 0.2 TeV of similar to 0.5 times the Crab Nebula flux (CU) for most of the campaign. The highest activity occurred on 2012 June 9, when the VHE flux was similar to 3 CU, and the peak of the high-energy spectral component was found to be at similar to 2 TeV. Both the X-ray and VHE gamma-ray spectral slopes were measured to be extremely hard, with spectral indices <2 during most of the observing campaign, regardless of the X-ray and VHE flux. This study reports the hardest Mrk 501 VHE spectra measured to date. The fractional variability was found to increase with energy, with the highest variability occurring at VHE. Using the complete data set, we found correlation between the X-ray and VHE bands; however, if the June 9 flare is excluded, the correlation disappears (significance <3 sigma) despite the existence of substantial variability in the X-ray and VHE bands throughout the campaign. Conclusions. The unprecedentedly hard X-ray and VHE spectra measured imply that their low- and high-energy components peaked above 5 keV and 0.5 TeV, respectively, during a large fraction of the observing campaign, and hence that Mrk 501 behaved like an extreme high-frequency-peaked blazar (EHBL) throughout the 2012 observing season. This suggests that being an EHBL may not be a permanent characteristic of a blazar, but rather a state which may change over time. The data set acquired shows that the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of Mrk 501, and its transient evolution, is very complex, requiring, within the framework of synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) models, various emission regions for a satisfactory description. Nevertheless the one-zone SSC scenario can successfully describe the segments of the SED where most energy is emitted, with a significant correlation between the electron energy density and the VHE gamma-ray activity, suggesting that most of the variability may be explained by the injection of high-energy electrons. The one-zone SSC scenario used reproduces the behavior seen between the measured X-ray and VHE gamma-ray fluxes, and predicts that the correlation becomes stronger with increasing energy of the X-rays.
KW  - astroparticle physics
KW  - acceleration of particles
KW  - radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
KW  - BL Lacertae objects: general
KW  - BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk501
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833704
SN  - 1432-0746
VL  - 620
PB  - EDP Sciences
CY  - Les Ulis
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Abeysekara, A. U.
A1  - Archer, A.
A1  - Benbow, Wystan
A1  - Bird, Ralph
A1  - Brose, Robert
A1  - Buchovecky, M.
A1  - Buckley, J. H.
A1  - Bugaev, V.
A1  - Chromey, A. J.
A1  - Connolly, M. P.
A1  - Cui, Wei
A1  - Daniel, M. K.
A1  - Falcone, A.
A1  - Feng, Qi
A1  - Finley, John P.
A1  - Fortson, L.
A1  - Furniss, Amy
A1  - Huetten, M.
A1  - Hanna, David
A1  - Hervet, O.
A1  - Holder, J.
A1  - Hughes, G.
A1  - Humensky, T. B.
A1  - Johnson, Caitlin A.
A1  - Kaaret, Philip
A1  - Kar, P.
A1  - Kertzman, M.
A1  - Kieda, David
A1  - Krause, M.
A1  - Krennrich, F.
A1  - Kumar, S.
A1  - Lang, M. J.
A1  - Lin, T. T. Y.
A1  - McArthur, S.
A1  - Moriarty, P.
A1  - Mukherjee, Reshmi
A1  - Ong, R. A.
A1  - Otte, Adam Nepomuk
A1  - Park, Nahee
A1  - Petrashyk, A.
A1  - Pohl, Martin
A1  - Pueschel, Elisa
A1  - Quinn, J.
A1  - Ragan, K.
A1  - Reynolds, P. T.
A1  - Richards, Gregory T.
A1  - Roache, E.
A1  - Rulten, C.
A1  - Sadeh, I.
A1  - Santander, Marcos
A1  - Sembroski, G. H.
A1  - Shahinyan, Karlen
A1  - Sushch, I.
A1  - Tyler, J.
A1  - Wakely, S. P.
A1  - Weinstein, A.
A1  - Wells, R. M.
A1  - Wilcox, P.
A1  - Wilhelm, Alina
A1  - Williams, D. A.
A1  - Williamson, T. J.
A1  - Zitzer, B.
A1  - Abdollahi, S.
A1  - Ajello, Marco
A1  - Baldini, Luca
A1  - Barbiellini, G.
A1  - Bastieri, Denis
A1  - Bellazzini, Ronaldo
A1  - Berenji, B.
A1  - Bissaldi, Elisabetta
A1  - Blandford, R. D.
A1  - Bonino, R.
A1  - Bottacini, E.
A1  - Brandt, Terri J.
A1  - Bruel, P.
A1  - Buehler, R.
A1  - Cameron, R. A.
A1  - Caputo, R.
A1  - Caraveo, P. A.
A1  - Castro, D.
A1  - Cavazzuti, E.
A1  - Charles, Eric
A1  - Chiaro, G.
A1  - Ciprini, S.
A1  - Cohen-Tanugi, Johann
A1  - Costantin, D.
A1  - Cutini, S.
A1  - de Palma, F.
A1  - Di Lalla, N.
A1  - Di Mauro, M.
A1  - Di Venere, L.
A1  - Dominguez, A.
A1  - Favuzzi, C.
A1  - Fegan, S. J.
A1  - Franckowiak, Anna
A1  - Fukazawa, Yasushi
A1  - Funk, Stefan
A1  - Fusco, Piergiorgio
A1  - Gargano, Fabio
A1  - Gasparrini, Dario
A1  - Giglietto, Nicola
A1  - Giordano, F.
A1  - Giroletti, Marcello
A1  - Green, D.
A1  - Grenier, I. A.
A1  - Guillemot, L.
A1  - Guiriec, Sylvain
A1  - Hays, Elizabeth
A1  - Hewitt, John W.
A1  - Horan, D.
A1  - Johannesson, G.
A1  - Kensei, S.
A1  - Kuss, M.
A1  - Larsson, Stefan
A1  - Latronico, L.
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A1  - Pesce-Rollins, Melissa
A1  - Petrosian, Vahe'
A1  - Piron, F.
A1  - Porter, Troy A.
A1  - Principe, G.
A1  - Raino, S.
A1  - Rando, Riccardo
A1  - Rani, B.
A1  - Razzano, Massimilano
A1  - Razzaque, Soebur
A1  - Reimer, A.
A1  - Reimer, Olaf
A1  - Reposeur, T.
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A1  - Spandre, Gloria
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A1  - Suson, D. J.
A1  - Tajima, Hiroyasu
A1  - Thayer, J. B.
A1  - Thompson, David J.
A1  - Torres, Diego F.
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A1  - Wood, K.
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T1  - VERITAS and Fermi-LAT Observations of TeV Gamma-Ray Sources Discovered by HAWC in the 2HWC Catalog
JF  - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics
N2  - The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) collaboration recently published their 2HWC catalog, listing 39 very high energy (VHE; >100 GeV) gamma-ray sources based on 507 days of observation. Among these, 19 sources are not associated with previously known teraelectronvolt (TeV) gamma-ray sources. We have studied 14 of these sources without known counterparts with VERITAS and Fermi-LAT. VERITAS detected weak gamma-ray emission in the 1 TeV-30 TeV band in the region of DA 495, a pulsar wind nebula coinciding with 2HWC J1953+294, confirming the discovery of the source by HAWC. We did not find any counterpart for the selected 14 new HAWC sources from our analysis of Fermi-LAT data for energies higher than 10 GeV. During the search, we detected gigaelectronvolt (GeV) gamma-ray emission coincident with a known TeV pulsar wind nebula, SNR G54.1+0.3 (VER J1930+188), and a 2HWC source, 2HWC J1930+188. The fluxes for isolated, steady sources in the 2HWC catalog are generally in good agreement with those measured by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. However, the VERITAS fluxes for SNR G54.1+0.3, DA 495, and TeV J2032+4130 are lower than those measured by HAWC, and several new HAWC sources are not detected by VERITAS. This is likely due to a change in spectral shape, source extension, or the influence of diffuse emission in the source region.
KW  - gamma rays: general
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aade4e
SN  - 0004-637X
SN  - 1538-4357
VL  - 866
IS  - 1
PB  - IOP Publ. Ltd.
CY  - Bristol
ER  -