TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fichter, Manfred M.
A1  - Kohlboeck, Gabriele
A1  - Quadflieg, Norbert
A1  - Wyschkon, Anne
A1  - Esser, Günter
T1  - From childhood to adult age : 18-year longitudinal results and prediction of the course of mental disorders in the community
N2  - This prospective longitudinal study of a representative community sample of children and adolescents (N = 269) examined the long-term course and predictive power of psychiatric symptoms in childhood/adolescence for diagnostic outcome (ICD-10) 18 years later at adult age. At both cross-sectional assessments, baseline (1980-1984) and the 18-year follow-up (2001-2004), psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the 'Standardized Psychiatric Interview' (Goldberg et al. in Br J Prev Soc Med 24:18-23, 1970). At follow-up, study participants were reassessed with the standardized M-CIDI (Wittchen and Pfister in Manual und Durchfuhrungsbeschreibung des DIA-X-M-CIDI, Swets and Zeitlinger, Frankfurt, 1997) interview. The participation rate at 18-year follow-up was 82% of those alive. The frequency of clinically relevant depressive symptoms and symptoms of anxiety or phobia was considerably higher when the participants were younger (baseline assessment at childhood, adolescent age) as compared to their scores in adult age. Increased levels of somatic symptoms, fatigue, irritability, sleep disturbances, depression, anxiety and worry as well as phobic symptoms in childhood/adolescence were related to a higher risk of suffering from a psychiatric disorder in adulthood. Depressive symptoms predicted both mood disorders and substance use disorders in adulthood. Phobias predicted later anxiety disorders. These data spanning almost two decades add significant information to the existing literature on the course of mental disorders in the community during the transition from adolescence to adulthood.
Y1  - 2009
UR  - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101494
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-009-0501-y
SN  - 0933-7954
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wyschkon, Anne
A1  - Kohn, Juliane
A1  - Ballaschk, Katja
A1  - Esser, Günter
T1  - Sind Rechenstörungen genau so häufig wie Lese-Rechtschreibstörungen?
N2  - Is a specific disorder of arithmetic skills as common as reading/spelling disorder?Background: Referring to the prevalence rates of learning disorders in the research literature, the numbers of mathematics disorder and reading/ spelling disorder are often reported to be identical. However, the correlation between intelligence level and reading/ spelling skills is much weaker than between intelligence and arithmetic skills. If the same definition criterion is applied to both disorders, a lower prevalence rate for mathematics disorder should be expected. Objective: Are there differences in the prevalence estimates for learning disorders depending on the definition criterion? Method: A large representative sample of German students (N = 1970) was used to review the hypothesis. Results: Depending on the definition criterion, we could show a prevalence range of mathematics disorder between 0.1% and 8.1% in the same sample. Using the same definition criterion for both learning disorders, there are two to three times as many students with reading/spelling disorder than those with mathematics disorder. Discussion: Whenever children with reading/spelling disorder are compared to children with mathematics disorder, the same definition criterion has to be applied.
Y1  - 2009
UR  - http://psycontent.metapress.com/content/1422-4917
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917.37.6.499
SN  - 1422-4917
ER  -