TY - JOUR A1 - Zaccarelli, Riccardo A1 - Bindi, Dino A1 - Strollo, Angelo A1 - Quinteros, Javier A1 - Cotton, Fabrice Pierre T1 - Stream2segment: An Open-Source Tool for Downloading, Processing, and Visualizing Massive Event-Based Seismic Waveform Datasets JF - Seismological research letters N2 - The task of downloading comprehensive datasets of event-based seismic waveforms has been made easier through the development of standardized webservices but is still highly nontrivial because the likelihood of temporary network failures or subtle data errors naturally increases when the amount of requested data is in the order of millions of relatively short segments. This is even more challenging because the typical workflow is not restricted to a single massive download but consists of fetching all possible available input data (e.g., with several repeated download executions) for a processing stage producing any desired user-defined output. Here, we present stream2segment, a highly customizable Python 2+3 package helping the user in the entire workflow of downloading, inspecting, and processing event-based seismic data by means of a relational database management system as archiving storage, which has clear performance and usability advantages, and an integrated processing subroutine requiring a configuration file and a single Python function to produce user-defined output. Stream2segment can also produce diagnostic maps or user-defined plots, which, unlike existing tools, do not require external software dependencies and are not static images but instead are interactive browser-based applications ideally suited for data inspection or annotation tasks and subsequent training of classifiers in foreseen supervised machine-learning applications. Stream2segment has already been used as a data quality tool for datasets within the European Integrated Data Archive and to create a weak-motion database (in the form of a so-called flat file) for the stable continental region of Europe in the context of the European Ground Shaking Intensity Model service, in turn an important building block for seismic hazard studies. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1785/0220180314 SN - 0895-0695 SN - 1938-2057 VL - 90 IS - 5 SP - 2028 EP - 2038 PB - Seismological Society of America CY - Albany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strollo, Angelo A1 - Parolai, Stefano A1 - Bindi, Dino A1 - Chiauzzi, Leonardo A1 - Pagliuca, Rossella A1 - Mucciarelli, Marco A1 - Zschau, Jochen T1 - Microzonation of Potenza (Southern Italy) in terms of spectral intensity ratio using joint analysis of earthquakes and ambient noise JF - Bulletin of earthquake engineering : official publication of the European Association for Earthquake Engineering N2 - A temporary seismic network composed of 11 stations was installed in the city of Potenza (Southern Italy) to record local and regional seismicity within the context of a national project funded by the Italian Department of Civil Protection (DPC). Some stations were moved after a certain time in order to increase the number of measurement points, leading to a total of 14 sites within the city by the end of the experiment. Recordings from 26 local earthquakes (M-l 2.2-3.8 ) were analyzed to compute the site responses at the 14 sites by applying both reference and non-reference site techniques. Furthermore, the Spectral Intensity (SI) for each local earthquake, as well as their ratios with respect to the values obtained at a reference site, were also calculated. In addition, a field survey of 233 single station noise measurements within the city was carried out to increase the information available at localities different from the 14 monitoring sites. By using the results of the correlation analysis between the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios computed from noise recordings (NHV) at the 14 selected sites and those derived by the single station noise measurements within the town as a proxy, the spectral intensity correction factors for site amplification obtained from earthquake analysis were extended to the entire city area. This procedure allowed us to provide a microzonation map of the urban area that can be directly used when calculating risk scenarios for civil defence purposes. The amplification factors estimated following this approach show values increasing along the main valley toward east where the detrital and alluvial complexes reach their maximum thickness. KW - Site effects KW - Seismic noise KW - Earthquakes KW - Spectral intensity KW - Correlation Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-011-9256-4 SN - 1570-761X VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 493 EP - 516 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Picozzi, Matteo A1 - Strollo, Angelo A1 - Parolai, Stefano A1 - Durukal, Eser A1 - oezel, Oguz A1 - Karabulut, Savas A1 - Zschau, Jochen A1 - Erdik, Mustafa T1 - Site characterization by seismic noise in Istanbul, Turkey N2 - Single station seismic noise measurements were carried out at 192 sites in the western part of Istanbul, Turkey. This extensive survey allowed the fundamental resonance frequency of the sedimentary cover to be mapped, and identify areas prone to site amplification. The results are in good agreement with the geological distribution of sedimentary units, indicating a progressive decrease of the fundamental resonance frequencies from the northeastern part, where the bedrock outcrops, towards the southwestern side, where a thickness of some hundreds meters for the sedimentary cover is estimated. The particular distribution of fundamental resonance frequencies indicates that local amplification of the ground motion might play a significative role in explaining the anomalous damage distribution after the 17 August 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake. Furthermore, 2D array measurements of seismic noise were performed in the metropolitan area with the aim of obtaining a preliminary geophysical characterization of the different sedimentary covers. These measurements allow the estimation of the shear-wave velocity profile for some representative areas and the identification of the presence of strong impedance contrast responsible of seismic ground motion amplification. Comparison of a theoretical site response from an estimated S-wave velocity profile with an empirical one based on earthquake recordings strongly encourages the use of the low cost seismic noise techniques for the study of seismic site effects. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02677261 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2008.05.007 SN - 0267-7261 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Picozzi, Matteo A1 - Parolai, Stefano A1 - Bindi, Dino A1 - Strollo, Angelo T1 - Characterization of shallow geology by high-frequency seismic noise tomography N2 - To study the applicability of the passive seismic interferometry technique to near-surface geological studies, seismic noise recordings from a small scale 2-D array of seismic stations were performed in the test site of Nauen (Germany). Rayleigh wave Green's functions were estimated for different frequencies. A tomographic inversion of the traveltimes estimated for each frequency from the Green's functions is then performed, allowing the laterally varying 3-D surfacewave velocity structure below the array to be retrieved at engineering-geotechnical scales. Furthermore, a 2-D S-wave velocity cross-section is obtained by combining 1-D velocity structures derived from the inversion of the dispersion curves extracted at several points along a profile where other geophysical analyses were performed. It is shown that the cross-section from passive seismic interferometry provides a clear image of the local structural heterogeneities that are in excellent agreement with georadar and geoelectrical results. Such findings indicate that the interferometry analysis of seismic noise is potentially of great interest for deriving the shallow 3-D velocity structure in urban areas. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-246X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.03966.x SN - 0956-540X ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bindi, Dino A1 - Marzorati, Simone A1 - Parolai, Stefano A1 - Strollo, Angelo A1 - Jaeckel, Karl-Heinz T1 - Empirical spectral ratios estimated in two deep sedimentary basins using microseisms recorded by short-period seismometers N2 - In this work, we analyse continuous measurements of microseisms to assess the reliability of the fundamental resonance frequency estimated by means of the horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) spectral ratio within the 0.1-1 Hz frequency range, using short-period sensors (natural period of 1 s). We apply the H/V technique to recordings of stations installed in two alluvial basins with different sedimentary cover thicknesses-the Lower Rhine Embayment (Germany) and the Gubbio Plain (Central Italy). The spectral ratios are estimated over the time-frequency domain, and we discuss the reliability of the results considering both the variability of the microseism activity and the amplitude of the instrumental noise. We show that microseisms measured by short period sensors allow the retrieval of fundamental resonance frequencies greater than about 0.1-0.2 Hz, with this lower frequency bound depending on the relative amplitude of the microseism signal and the self-noise of the instruments. In particular, we show an example where the considered short-period sensor is connected to instruments characterized by an instrumental noise level which allows detecting only fundamental frequencies greater than about 0.4 Hz. Since the frequency at which the peak of the H/V spectral ratio is biased depends upon the seismic signal-to-instrument noise ratio, the power spectral amplitude of instrumental self- noise should be always considered when interpreting the frequency of the peak as the fundamental resonance frequency of the investigated site. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-246X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.03958.x SN - 0956-540X ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Parolai, Stefano A1 - Ansal, Atilla A1 - Kurtulus, Asil A1 - Strollo, Angelo A1 - Wang, Rongjiang A1 - Zschau, Jochen T1 - The Atakoey vertical array (Turkey) : insights into seismic wave propagation in the shallow-most crustal layers by waveform deconvolution N2 - P>A vertical array of accelerometers was installed in Atakoy (western Istanbul) with the long-term aim of improving our understanding of in situ soil behaviour, to assess the modelling and parametric uncertainties associated with the employed methodologies for strong-motion site-response analysis, and for shallow geological investigations. Geotechnical and geophysical investigations were carried out to define the subsoil structure at the selected site. Data associated with 10 earthquakes (2.7 < M < 4.3) collected during the first months of operation of the array were used to image the upgoing and downgoing waves by deconvolution of waveforms recorded at different depths. Results have shown that the velocity of propagation of the imaged upgoing and downgoing waves in the borehole is consistent with that of S or P waves, depending on the component of ground acceleration analysed but independent of the chosen signal window. In particular, an excellent agreement was found between the observed upgoing and downgoing wave traveltimes and the ones calculated using a model derived by seismic noise analysis of array data. The presence of a smaller pulse on the waveforms obtained by deconvolution of the horizontal components suggests both internal S-wave reflection and S-to-P mode conversion, as well as a not normal incidence of the wavefield. The presence of a pulse propagating with S-wave velocity in the uppermost 25 m in the waveforms obtained by the deconvolution of the vertical components suggests P-to-S mode conversion. These evidences imply that, even when site amplification is mainly related to 1-D effects, the standard practice in engineering seismology of deconvolving the surface recording down to the bedrock using an approximate S-wave transfer function (generally valid for vertical incidence of SH waves) might lead to errors in the estimation of the input ground motion required in engineering calculations. Finally, downgoing waves with significant amplitudes were found down to 70 m and even to 140 m depth. This result provides a warning about the use of shallow borehole recordings as input for the numerical simulation of ground motion and for the derivation of ground motion prediction relationships. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-246X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04257.x SN - 0956-540X ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hetenyi, Gyorgy A1 - Molinari, Irene A1 - Clinton, John A1 - Bokelmann, Gotz A1 - Bondar, Istvan A1 - Crawford, Wayne C. A1 - Dessa, Jean-Xavier A1 - Doubre, Cecile A1 - Friederich, Wolfgang A1 - Fuchs, Florian A1 - Giardini, Domenico A1 - Graczer, Zoltan A1 - Handy, Mark R. A1 - Herak, Marijan A1 - Jia, Yan A1 - Kissling, Edi A1 - Kopp, Heidrun A1 - Korn, Michael A1 - Margheriti, Lucia A1 - Meier, Thomas A1 - Mucciarelli, Marco A1 - Paul, Anne A1 - Pesaresi, Damiano A1 - Piromallo, Claudia A1 - Plenefisch, Thomas A1 - Plomerova, Jaroslava A1 - Ritter, Joachim A1 - Rumpker, Georg A1 - Sipka, Vesna A1 - Spallarossa, Daniele A1 - Thomas, Christine A1 - Tilmann, Frederik A1 - Wassermann, Joachim A1 - Weber, Michael A1 - Weber, Zoltan A1 - Wesztergom, Viktor A1 - Zivcic, Mladen A1 - Abreu, Rafael A1 - Allegretti, Ivo A1 - Apoloner, Maria-Theresia A1 - Aubert, Coralie A1 - Besancon, Simon A1 - de Berc, Maxime Bes A1 - Brunel, Didier A1 - Capello, Marco A1 - Carman, Martina A1 - Cavaliere, Adriano A1 - Cheze, Jerome A1 - Chiarabba, Claudio A1 - Cougoulat, Glenn A1 - Cristiano, Luigia A1 - Czifra, Tibor A1 - Danesi, Stefania A1 - Daniel, Romuald A1 - Dannowski, Anke A1 - Dasovic, Iva A1 - Deschamps, Anne A1 - Egdorf, Sven A1 - Fiket, Tomislav A1 - Fischer, Kasper A1 - Funke, Sigward A1 - Govoni, Aladino A1 - Groschl, Gidera A1 - Heimers, Stefan A1 - Heit, Ben A1 - Herak, Davorka A1 - Huber, Johann A1 - Jaric, Dejan A1 - Jedlicka, Petr A1 - Jund, Helene A1 - Klingen, Stefan A1 - Klotz, Bernhard A1 - Kolinsky, Petr A1 - Kotek, Josef A1 - Kuhne, Lothar A1 - Kuk, Kreso A1 - Lange, Dietrich A1 - Loos, Jurgen A1 - Lovati, Sara A1 - Malengros, Deny A1 - Maron, Christophe A1 - Martin, Xavier A1 - Massa, Marco A1 - Mazzarini, Francesco A1 - Metral, Laurent A1 - Moretti, Milena A1 - Munzarova, Helena A1 - Nardi, Anna A1 - Pahor, Jurij A1 - Pequegnat, Catherine A1 - Petersen, Florian A1 - Piccinini, Davide A1 - Pondrelli, Silvia A1 - Prevolnik, Snjezan A1 - Racine, Roman A1 - Regnier, Marc A1 - Reiss, Miriam A1 - Salimbeni, Simone A1 - Santulin, Marco A1 - Scherer, Werner A1 - Schippkus, Sven A1 - Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef A1 - Solarino, Stefano A1 - Spieker, Kathrin A1 - Stipcevic, Josip A1 - Strollo, Angelo A1 - Sule, Balint A1 - Szanyi, Gyongyver A1 - Szucs, Eszter A1 - Thorwart, Martin A1 - Ueding, Stefan A1 - Vallocchia, Massimiliano A1 - Vecsey, Ludek A1 - Voigt, Rene A1 - Weidle, Christian A1 - Weyland, Gauthier A1 - Wiemer, Stefan A1 - Wolf, Felix A1 - Wolyniec, David A1 - Zieke, Thomas T1 - The AlpArray seismic network BT - a large-scale european experiment to image the alpine orogen JF - Surveys in Geophysics N2 - The AlpArray programme is a multinational, European consortium to advance our understanding of orogenesis and its relationship to mantle dynamics, plate reorganizations, surface processes and seismic hazard in the Alps-Apennines-Carpathians-Dinarides orogenic system. The AlpArray Seismic Network has been deployed with contributions from 36 institutions from 11 countries to map physical properties of the lithosphere and asthenosphere in 3D and thus to obtain new, high-resolution geophysical images of structures from the surface down to the base of the mantle transition zone. With over 600 broadband stations operated for 2 years, this seismic experiment is one of the largest simultaneously operated seismological networks in the academic domain, employing hexagonal coverage with station spacing at less than 52 km. This dense and regularly spaced experiment is made possible by the coordinated coeval deployment of temporary stations from numerous national pools, including ocean-bottom seismometers, which were funded by different national agencies. They combine with permanent networks, which also required the cooperation of many different operators. Together these stations ultimately fill coverage gaps. Following a short overview of previous large-scale seismological experiments in the Alpine region, we here present the goals, construction, deployment, characteristics and data management of the AlpArray Seismic Network, which will provide data that is expected to be unprecedented in quality to image the complex Alpine mountains at depth. KW - Seismology KW - Alps KW - Seismic network KW - Geodynamics KW - Seismic imaging KW - Mountain building Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-018-9472-4 SN - 0169-3298 SN - 1573-0956 VL - 39 IS - 5 SP - 1009 EP - 1033 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - THES A1 - Strollo, Angelo T1 - Development of techniques for earthquake microzonation studies in different urban environment T1 - Entwicklung von Techniken für Mikrozonierungsstudien von Erdbeben in verschiedenen städtischen Umgebungen N2 - The proliferation of megacities in many developing countries, and their location in areas where they are exposed to a high risk from large earthquakes, coupled with a lack of preparation, demonstrates the requirement for improved capabilities in hazard assessment, as well as the rapid adjustment and development of land-use planning. In particular, within the context of seismic hazard assessment, the evaluation of local site effects and their influence on the spatial distribution of ground shaking generated by an earthquake plays an important role. It follows that the carrying out of earthquake microzonation studies, which aim at identify areas within the urban environment that are expected to respond in a similar way to a seismic event, are essential to the reliable risk assessment of large urban areas. Considering the rate at which many large towns in developing countries that are prone to large earthquakes are growing, their seismic microzonation has become mandatory. Such activities are challenging and techniques suitable for identifying site effects within such contexts are needed. In this dissertation, I develop techniques for investigating large-scale urban environments that aim at being non-invasive, cost-effective and quickly deployable. These peculiarities allow one to investigate large areas over a relative short time frame, with a spatial sampling resolution sufficient to provide reliable microzonation. Although there is a negative trade-off between the completeness of available information and extent of the investigated area, I attempt to mitigate this limitation by combining two, what I term layers, of information: in the first layer, the site effects at a few calibration points are well constrained by analyzing earthquake data or using other geophysical information (e.g., shear-wave velocity profiles); in the second layer, the site effects over a larger areal coverage are estimated by means of single-station noise measurements. The microzonation is performed in terms of problem-dependent quantities, by considering a proxy suitable to link information from the first layer to the second one. In order to define the microzonation approach proposed in this work, different methods for estimating site effects have been combined and tested in Potenza (Italy), where a considerable amount of data was available. In particular, the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio computed for seismic noise recorded at different sites has been used as a proxy to combine the two levels of information together and to create a microzonation map in terms of spectral intensity ratio (SIR). In the next step, I applied this two-layer approach to Istanbul (Turkey) and Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan). A similar hybrid approach, i.e., combining earthquake and noise data, has been used for the microzonation of these two different urban environments. For both cities, after having calibrated the fundamental frequencies of resonance estimated from seismic noise with those obtained by analysing earthquakes (first layer), a fundamental frequency map has been computed using the noise measurements carried out within the town (second layer). By applying this new approach, maps of the fundamental frequency of resonance for Istanbul and Bishkek have been published for the first time. In parallel, a microzonation map in terms of SIR has been incorporated into a risk scenario for the Potenza test site by means of a dedicated regression between spectral intensity (SI) and macroseismic intensity (EMS). The scenario study confirms the importance of site effects within the risk chain. In fact, their introduction into the scenario led to an increase of about 50% in estimates of the number of buildings that would be partially or totally collapsed. Last, but not least, considering that the approach developed and applied in this work is based on measurements of seismic noise, their reliability has been assessed. A theoretical model describing the self-noise curves of different instruments usually adopted in microzonation studies (e.g., those used in Potenza, Istanbul and Bishkek) have been considered and compared with empirical data recorded in Cologne (Germany) and Gubbio (Italy). The results show that, depending on the geological and environmental conditions, the instrumental noise could severely bias the results obtained by recording and analysing ambient noise. Therefore, in this work I also provide some guidelines for measuring seismic noise. N2 - Aufgrund des enormen Wachstums neuer Megastädte und deren Vordringen in gefährdete Gebiete auf der einen Seite sowie der mangelnden Erdbebenvorsorge in vielen Entwicklungsländern auf der anderen Seite sind verbesserte Verfahren für die Beurteilung der Gefährdung sowie eine rasche Umsetzung bei der Raumplanung erforderlich. Im Rahmen der seismischen Gefährdungsabschätzung spielt insbesondere die Beurteilung lokaler Standorteffekte und deren Einfluss auf die durch ein Erdbeben verursachte räumliche Verteilung der Bodenerschütterung eine wichtige Rolle. Es ist daher unabdingbar, mittels seismischer Mikrozonierungsstudien diejenigen Bereiche innerhalb dicht besiedelter Gebiete zu ermitteln, in denen ein ähnliches Verhalten im Falle seismischer Anregung erwartet wird, um daraus eine zuverlässige Basis bei der Risikoabschätzung großer städtischer Gebiete zu erhalten. Aufgrund des schnellen Wachstums vieler Großstädte in Entwicklungsländern ist eine seismische Mikrozonierung zwingend erforderlich, stellt aber auch eine große Herausforderung dar; insbesondere müssen Verfahren verfügbar sein, mit deren Hilfe rasch eine Abschätzung der Standorteffekte durchgeführt werden kann. In der vorliegenden Arbeit entwickle ich daher Verfahren für die Untersuchung in Großstädten, die darauf abzielen, nicht-invasiv, kostengünstig und schnell durchführbar zu sein. Damit lassen sich innerhalb eines relativ kurzen Zeitraums große Gebiete untersuchen, falls der räumlichen Abstand zwischen den Messpunkten klein genug ist, um eine zuverlässige Mikrozonierung zu gewährleisten. Obwohl es eine gegenläufige Tendenz zwischen der Vollständigkeit aller Informationen und der Größe des untersuchten Gebiets gibt, versuche ich, diese Einschränkung durch Verknüpfung zweier Informationsebenen zu umgehen: In der ersten Ebene werden die Standorteffekte für einige Kalibrierungspunkte durch die Analyse von Erdbeben oder mittels anderer geophysikalischer Datensätze (z.B. Scherwellengeschwindigkeitsprofile) bestmöglich abgeschätzt, in der zweiten Ebene werden die Standorteffekte durch Einzelstationsmessungen des seismischen Rauschens für ein größeres Gebiet bestimmt. Die Mikrozonierung erfolgt hierbei mittels spezifischer, fallabhängiger Parameter unter Berücksichtigung eines geeigneten Anknüpfungspunktes zwischen den beiden Informationensebenen. Um diesen Ansatz der Mikrozonierung, der in dieser Arbeit verfolgt wurde, zu präzisieren, wurden in Potenza (Italien), wo eine beträchtliche Menge an Daten verfügbar war, verschiedene Verfahren untersucht. Insbesondere kann das Spektralverhältnis zwischen den horizontalen und vertikalen Seismometerkomponenten, welche für das seismische Rauschen an mehreren Orten aufgenommen wurde, als eine erste Näherung für die relative Verstärkung der Bodenbewegung verwendet werden, um darauf aufbauend die beiden Informationsebenen zu verknüpfen und eine Mikrozonierung hinsichtlich des Verhältnisses der spektralen Intensität durchzuführen. Anschließend führte ich diesen Zwei-Ebenen-Ansatz auch für Istanbul (Türkei) und Bischkek (Kirgisistan) durch. Für die Mikrozonierung dieser beiden Städte habe ich denselben Hybridansatz, der Daten von Erdbeben und von seismischem Rauschen verbindet, verwendet. Für beide Städte wurde nach Gegenüberstellung der Resonanzfrequenz des Untergrunds, die zum einen mit Hilfe des seismischen Rauschens, zum anderen durch Analyse von Erdbebendaten bestimmt worden ist (erste Ebene), eine Karte der Resonanzfrequenz unter Verwendung weiterer Messungen des seismischen Rauschens innerhalb des Stadtgebiets erstellt (zweite Ebene). Durch die Anwendung dieses neuen Ansatzes sind vor kurzem zum ersten Mal auch Karten für die Resonanzfrequenz des Untergrunds für Istanbul und Bischkek veröffentlicht worden. Parallel dazu wurde für das Testgebiet in Potenza eine auf dem spektralen Intensitätsverhältnis (SIR) basierende Mikrozonierungskarte in ein Risikoszenario mittels der Regression zwischen SIR und makroseismischer Intensität (EMS) integriert. Diese Szenariostudie bestätigt die Bedeutung von Standorteffekten innerhalb der Risikokette; insbesondere führt deren Einbeziehung in das Szenario zu einem Anstieg von etwa 50% bei der Zahl der Gebäude, für die ein teilweiser oder gar vollständiger Zusammenbruch erwartet werden kann. Abschließend wurde der im Rahmen dieser Arbeit entwickelte und angewandte Ansatz auf seine Zuverlässigkeit geprüft. Ein theoretisches Modell, das zur Beschreibung des Eigenrauschens verschiedener Instrumente, die in der Regel in Mikrozonierungsstudien (z. B. in Potenza, Istanbul und Bischkek) zum Einsatz kommen, wurde untersucht, und die Ergebnisse wurden mit Daten verglichen, die vorher bereits in Köln (Deutschland) und Gubbio (Italien) aufgenommen worden waren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass abhängig von den geologischen und umgebenden Bedingungen das Eigenrauschen der Geräte die Ergebnisse bei der Analyse des seismischen Rauschens stark verzerren kann. Deshalb liefere ich in dieser Arbeit auch einige Leitlinien für die Durchführung von Messungen des seismischen Rauschens. KW - instrumentelle Seismologie KW - Standorteffekte KW - Korrelation KW - seismische Rauschen KW - instrumental seismology KW - site effects KW - correlation KW - seismic noise Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53807 ER -