TY - JOUR A1 - Tino, G. M. A1 - Cacciapuoti, L. A1 - Bongs, K. A1 - Bordé, Ch. J. A1 - Bouyer, P. A1 - Dittus, H. A1 - Ertmer, W. A1 - Görlitz, A. A1 - Inguscio, M. A1 - Landragin, A. A1 - Lemonde, P. A1 - Lämmerzahl, C. A1 - Peters, A. A1 - Rasel, E. A1 - Reichel, J. A1 - Salomon, C. A1 - Schiller, S. A1 - Schleich, W. A1 - Sengstock, K. A1 - Sterr, U. A1 - Wilkens, Martin T1 - Atom interferometers and optical atomic clocks : new quantum sensors for fundamental physics experiments in space N2 - We present projects for future space missions using new quantum devices based on ultracold atoms. They will enable fundamental physics experiments testing quantum physics, physics beyond the standard model of fundamental particles and interactions, special relativity, gravitation and general relativity. Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Almathen, Faisal A1 - Charruau, Pauline A1 - Mohandesan, Elmira A1 - Mwacharo, Joram M. A1 - Orozco-terWengel, Pablo A1 - Pitt, Daniel A1 - Abdussamad, Abdussamad M. A1 - Uerpmann, Margarethe A1 - Uerpmann, Hans-Peter A1 - De Cupere, Bea A1 - Magee, Peter A1 - Alnaqeeb, Majed A. A1 - Salim, Bashir A1 - Raziq, Abdul A1 - Dessie, Tadelle A1 - Abdelhadi, Omer M. A1 - Banabazi, Mohammad H. A1 - Al-Eknah, Marzook A1 - Walzer, Chris A1 - Fayer, Bernard A1 - Hofreiter, Michael A1 - Peters, Joris A1 - Hanotte, Olivier A1 - Burger, Pamela A. T1 - Ancient and modern DNA reveal dynamics of domestication and cross-continental dispersal of the dromedary JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America N2 - Dromedaries have been fundamental to the development of human societies in arid landscapes and for long-distance trade across hostile hot terrains for 3,000 y. Today they continue to be an important livestock resource in marginal agro-ecological zones. However, the history of dromedary domestication and the influence of ancient trading networks on their genetic structure have remained elusive. We combined ancient DNA sequences of wild and early-domesticated dromedary samples from arid regions with nuclear microsatellite and mitochondrial genotype information from 1,083 extant animals collected across the species’ range. We observe little phylogeographic signal in the modern population, indicative of extensive gene flow and virtually affecting all regions except East Africa, where dromedary populations have remained relatively isolated. In agreement with archaeological findings, we identify wild dromedaries from the southeast Arabian Peninsula among the founders of the domestic dromedary gene pool. Approximate Bayesian computations further support the “restocking from the wild” hypothesis, with an initial domestication followed by introgression from individuals from wild, now-extinct populations. Compared with other livestock, which show a long history of gene flow with their wild ancestors, we find a high initial diversity relative to the native distribution of the wild ancestor on the Arabian Peninsula and to the brief coexistence of early-domesticated and wild individuals. This study also demonstrates the potential to retrieve ancient DNA sequences from osseous remains excavated in hot and dry desert environments. KW - anthropogenic admixture KW - Camelus dromedarius KW - demographic history KW - paleogenetics KW - wild dromedary Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519508113 SN - 0027-8424 VL - 113 SP - 6707 EP - 6712 PB - National Acad. of Sciences CY - Washington ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wuertz-Kozak, Karin A1 - Roszkowski, Martin A1 - Cambria, Elena A1 - Block, Andrea A1 - Kuhn, Gisela A. A1 - Abele, Thea A1 - Hitzl, Wolfgang A1 - Drießlein, David A1 - Müller, Ralph A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Mansuy, Isabelle M. A1 - Peters, Eva M. J. A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria T1 - Effects of Early Life Stress on Bone Homeostasis in Mice and Humans T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Bone pathology is frequent in stressed individuals. A comprehensive examination of mechanisms linking life stress, depression and disturbed bone homeostasis is missing. In this translational study, mice exposed to early life stress (MSUS) were examined for bone microarchitecture (μCT), metabolism (qPCR/ELISA), and neuronal stress mediator expression (qPCR) and compared with a sample of depressive patients with or without early life stress by analyzing bone mineral density (BMD) (DXA) and metabolic changes in serum (osteocalcin, PINP, CTX-I). MSUS mice showed a significant decrease in NGF, NPYR1, VIPR1 and TACR1 expression, higher innervation density in bone, and increased serum levels of CTX-I, suggesting a milieu in favor of catabolic bone turnover. MSUS mice had a significantly lower body weight compared to control mice, and this caused minor effects on bone microarchitecture. Depressive patients with experiences of childhood neglect also showed a catabolic pattern. A significant reduction in BMD was observed in depressive patients with childhood abuse and stressful life events during childhood. Therefore, future studies on prevention and treatment strategies for both mental and bone disease should consider early life stress as a risk factor for bone pathologies. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 670 KW - psychosocial stress KW - bone pathologies KW - osteoporosis KW - bone mineral density KW - childhood KW - neuroendocrine Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-485324 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 670 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wuertz-Kozak, Karin A1 - Roszkowski, Martin A1 - Cambria, Elena A1 - Block, Andrea A1 - Kuhn, Gisela A. A1 - Abele, Thea A1 - Hitzl, Wolfgang A1 - Drießlein, David A1 - Müller, Ralph A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Mansuy, Isabelle M. A1 - Peters, Eva M. J. A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria T1 - Effects of Early Life Stress on Bone Homeostasis in Mice and Humans JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences N2 - Bone pathology is frequent in stressed individuals. A comprehensive examination of mechanisms linking life stress, depression and disturbed bone homeostasis is missing. In this translational study, mice exposed to early life stress (MSUS) were examined for bone microarchitecture (μCT), metabolism (qPCR/ELISA), and neuronal stress mediator expression (qPCR) and compared with a sample of depressive patients with or without early life stress by analyzing bone mineral density (BMD) (DXA) and metabolic changes in serum (osteocalcin, PINP, CTX-I). MSUS mice showed a significant decrease in NGF, NPYR1, VIPR1 and TACR1 expression, higher innervation density in bone, and increased serum levels of CTX-I, suggesting a milieu in favor of catabolic bone turnover. MSUS mice had a significantly lower body weight compared to control mice, and this caused minor effects on bone microarchitecture. Depressive patients with experiences of childhood neglect also showed a catabolic pattern. A significant reduction in BMD was observed in depressive patients with childhood abuse and stressful life events during childhood. Therefore, future studies on prevention and treatment strategies for both mental and bone disease should consider early life stress as a risk factor for bone pathologies. KW - psychosocial stress KW - bone pathologies KW - osteoporosis KW - bone mineral density KW - childhood KW - neuroendocrine Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186634 SN - 1422-0067 VL - 21 IS - 18 PB - Molecular Diversity Preservation International CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mohandesan, Elmira A1 - Speller, Camilla F. A1 - Peters, Joris A1 - Uerpmann, Hans-Peter A1 - Uerpmann, Margarethe A1 - De Cupere, Bea A1 - Hofreiter, Michael A1 - Burger, Pamela A. T1 - Combined hybridization capture and shotgun sequencing for ancient DNA analysis of extinct wild and domestic dromedary camel T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The performance of hybridization capture combined with next-generation sequencing (NGS) has seen limited investigation with samples from hot and arid regions until now. We applied hybridization capture and shotgun sequencing to recover DNA sequences from bone specimens of ancient-domestic dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) and its extinct ancestor, the wild dromedary from Jordan, Syria, Turkey and the Arabian Peninsula, respectively. Our results show that hybridization capture increased the percentage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) recovery by an average 187-fold and in some cases yielded virtually complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes at multifold coverage in a single capture experiment. Furthermore, we tested the effect of hybridization temperature and time by using a touchdown approach on a limited number of samples. We observed no significant difference in the number of unique dromedary mtDNA reads retrieved with the standard capture compared to the touchdown method. In total, we obtained 14 partial mitochondrial genomes from ancient-domestic dromedaries with 17-95% length coverage and 1.27-47.1-fold read depths for the covered regions. Using whole-genome shotgun sequencing, we successfully recovered endogenous dromedary nuclear DNA (nuDNA) from domestic and wild dromedary specimens with 1-1.06-fold read depths for covered regions. Our results highlight that despite recent methodological advances, obtaining ancient DNA (aDNA) from specimens recovered from hot, arid environments is still problematic. Hybridization protocols require specific optimization, and samples at the limit of DNA preservation need multiple replications of DNA extraction and hybridization capture as has been shown previously for Middle Pleistocene specimens. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 789 KW - ancient DNA KW - Camelus dromedarius KW - capture enrichment KW - degraded DNA KW - mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) KW - next-generation sequencing Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-439955 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 789 SP - 300 EP - 313 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mohandesan, Elmira A1 - Speller, Camilla F. A1 - Peters, Joris A1 - Uerpmann, Hans-Peter A1 - Uerpmann, Margarethe A1 - De Cupere, Bea A1 - Hofreiter, Michael A1 - Burger, Pamela A. T1 - Combined hybridization capture and shotgun sequencing for ancient DNA analysis of extinct wild and domestic dromedary camel JF - Molecular ecology resources N2 - The performance of hybridization capture combined with next-generation sequencing (NGS) has seen limited investigation with samples from hot and arid regions until now. We applied hybridization capture and shotgun sequencing to recover DNA sequences from bone specimens of ancient-domestic dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) and its extinct ancestor, the wild dromedary from Jordan, Syria, Turkey and the Arabian Peninsula, respectively. Our results show that hybridization capture increased the percentage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) recovery by an average 187-fold and in some cases yielded virtually complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes at multifold coverage in a single capture experiment. Furthermore, we tested the effect of hybridization temperature and time by using a touchdown approach on a limited number of samples. We observed no significant difference in the number of unique dromedary mtDNA reads retrieved with the standard capture compared to the touchdown method. In total, we obtained 14 partial mitochondrial genomes from ancient-domestic dromedaries with 17-95% length coverage and 1.27-47.1-fold read depths for the covered regions. Using whole-genome shotgun sequencing, we successfully recovered endogenous dromedary nuclear DNA (nuDNA) from domestic and wild dromedary specimens with 1-1.06-fold read depths for covered regions. Our results highlight that despite recent methodological advances, obtaining ancient DNA (aDNA) from specimens recovered from hot, arid environments is still problematic. Hybridization protocols require specific optimization, and samples at the limit of DNA preservation need multiple replications of DNA extraction and hybridization capture as has been shown previously for Middle Pleistocene specimens. KW - ancient DNA KW - Camelus dromedarius KW - capture enrichment KW - degraded DNA KW - mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) KW - next-generation sequencing Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12551 SN - 1755-098X SN - 1755-0998 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 300 EP - 313 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria A1 - Block, Andrea A1 - Mansuy, Isabelle M. A1 - Peters, Eva M. J. A1 - Rose, Matthias A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Huppertz, Alexander A1 - Würtz-Kozak, Karin T1 - Alterations in Bone Homeostasis and Microstructure Related to Depression and Allostatic Load T2 - Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1159/000503640 SN - 0033-3190 SN - 1423-0348 VL - 88 IS - 6 SP - 383 EP - 385 PB - Karger CY - Basel ER -