TY - JOUR A1 - Awad, Ahmed Mahmoud Hany Aly A1 - Weidlich, Matthias A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Visually specifying compliance rules and explaining their violations for business processes JF - Journal of visual languages and computing N2 - A business process is a set of steps designed to be executed in a certain order to achieve a business value. Such processes are often driven by and documented using process models. Nowadays, process models are also applied to drive process execution. Thus, correctness of business process models is a must. Much of the work has been devoted to check general, domain-independent correctness criteria, such as soundness. However, business processes must also adhere to and show compliance with various regulations and constraints, the so-called compliance requirements. These are domain-dependent requirements. In many situations, verifying compliance on a model level is of great value, since violations can be resolved in an early stage prior to execution. However, this calls for using formal verification techniques, e.g., model checking, that are too complex for business experts to apply. In this paper, we utilize a visual language. BPMN-Q to express compliance requirements visually in a way similar to that used by business experts to build process models. Still, using a pattern based approach, each BPMN-Qgraph has a formal temporal logic expression in computational tree logic (CTL). Moreover, the user is able to express constraints, i.e., compliance rules, regarding control flow and data flow aspects. In order to provide valuable feedback to a user in case of violations, we depend on temporal logic querying approaches as well as BPMN-Q to visually highlight paths in a process model whose execution causes violations. KW - Business process modeling KW - Compliance checking KW - Visual modeling KW - Anti-patterns Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvlc.2010.11.002 SN - 1045-926X VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 30 EP - 55 PB - Elsevier CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Andreas A1 - Pufahl, Luise A1 - Batoulis, Kimon A1 - Fahland, Dirk A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Automating data exchange in process choreographies JF - Information systems N2 - Communication between organizations is formalized as process choreographies in daily business. While the correct ordering of exchanged messages can be modeled and enacted with current choreography techniques, no approach exists to describe and automate the exchange of data between processes in a choreography using messages. This paper describes an entirely model-driven approach for BPMN introducing a few concepts that suffice to model data retrieval, data transformation, message exchange, and correlation four aspects of data exchange. For automation, this work utilizes a recent concept to enact data dependencies in internal processes. We present a modeling guideline to derive local process models from a given choreography; their operational semantics allows to correctly enact the entire choreography from the derived models only including the exchange of data. Targeting on successful interactions, we discuss means to ensure correct process choreography modeling. Finally, we implemented our approach by extending the camunda BPM platform with our approach and show its feasibility by realizing all service interaction patterns using only model-based concepts. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Process modeling KW - Data modeling KW - Process choreographies KW - Data exchange KW - BPMN KW - SQL Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2015.03.008 SN - 0306-4379 SN - 1873-6076 VL - 53 SP - 296 EP - 329 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weidlich, Matthias A1 - Polyvyanyy, Artem A1 - Mendling, Jan A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Causal behavioural profiles - efficient computation, applications, and evaluation JF - Fundamenta informaticae N2 - Analysis of behavioural consistency is an important aspect of software engineering. In process and service management, consistency verification of behavioural models has manifold applications. For instance, a business process model used as system specification and a corresponding workflow model used as implementation have to be consistent. Another example would be the analysis to what degree a process log of executed business operations is consistent with the corresponding normative process model. Typically, existing notions of behaviour equivalence, such as bisimulation and trace equivalence, are applied as consistency notions. Still, these notions are exponential in computation and yield a Boolean result. In many cases, however, a quantification of behavioural deviation is needed along with concepts to isolate the source of deviation. In this article, we propose causal behavioural profiles as the basis for a consistency notion. These profiles capture essential behavioural information, such as order, exclusiveness, and causality between pairs of activities of a process model. Consistency based on these profiles is weaker than trace equivalence, but can be computed efficiently for a broad class of models. In this article, we introduce techniques for the computation of causal behavioural profiles using structural decomposition techniques for sound free-choice workflow systems if unstructured net fragments are acyclic or can be traced back to S-or T-nets. We also elaborate on the findings of applying our technique to three industry model collections. KW - Causal Behavioural Profiles KW - Formal Methods KW - Behavioural Abstraction KW - Structural Decomposition KW - Exclusiveness KW - Concurrency KW - Order Relations KW - Causality KW - Optionality Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/FI-2011-614 SN - 0169-2968 VL - 113 IS - 3-4 SP - 399 EP - 435 PB - IOS Press CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weidlich, Matthias A1 - Polyvyanyy, Artem A1 - Desai, Nirmit A1 - Mendling, Jan A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Process compliance analysis based on behavioural profiles JF - Information systems N2 - Process compliance measurement is getting increasing attention in companies due to stricter legal requirements and market pressure for operational excellence. In order to judge on compliance of the business processing, the degree of behavioural deviation of a case, i.e., an observed execution sequence, is quantified with respect to a process model (referred to as fitness, or recall). Recently, different compliance measures have been proposed. Still, nearly all of them are grounded on state-based techniques and the trace equivalence criterion, in particular. As a consequence, these approaches have to deal with the state explosion problem. In this paper, we argue that a behavioural abstraction may be leveraged to measure the compliance of a process log - a collection of cases. To this end, we utilise causal behavioural profiles that capture the behavioural characteristics of process models and cases, and can be computed efficiently. We propose different compliance measures based on these profiles, discuss the impact of noise in process logs on our measures, and show how diagnostic information on non-compliance is derived. As a validation, we report on findings of applying our approach in a case study with an international service provider. KW - Process compliance KW - Compliance measurement KW - Log conformance KW - Root cause analysis Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2011.04.002 SN - 0306-4379 VL - 36 IS - 7 SP - 1009 EP - 1025 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rogge-Solti, Andreas A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Prediction of business process durations using non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets JF - Information systems N2 - Companies need to efficiently manage their business processes to deliver products and services in time. Therefore, they monitor the progress of individual cases to be able to timely detect undesired deviations and to react accordingly. For example, companies can decide to speed up process execution by raising alerts or by using additional resources, which increases the chance that a certain deadline or service level agreement can be met. Central to such process control is accurate prediction of the remaining time of a case and the estimation of the risk of missing a deadline. To achieve this goal, we use a specific kind of stochastic Petri nets that can capture arbitrary duration distributions. Thereby, we are able to achieve higher prediction accuracy than related approaches. Further, we evaluate the approach in comparison to state of the art approaches and show the potential of exploiting a so far untapped source of information: the elapsed time since the last observed event. Real-world case studies in the financial and logistics domain serve to illustrate and evaluate the approach presented. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Business processes KW - Duration prediction KW - Risk control KW - Stochastic Petri nets Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2015.04.004 SN - 0306-4379 SN - 1873-6076 VL - 54 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Polyvyanyy, Artem A1 - Garcia-Banuelos, Luciano A1 - Fahland, Dirk A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Maximal structuring of acyclic process models JF - The computer journal : a publication of the British Computer Society N2 - This article addresses the transformation of a process model with an arbitrary topology into an equivalent structured process model. In particular, this article studies the subclass of process models that have no equivalent well-structured representation but which, nevertheless, can be partially structured into their maximally-structured representation. The transformations are performed under a behavioral equivalence notion that preserves the observed concurrency of tasks in equivalent process models. The article gives a full characterization of the subclass of acyclic process models that have no equivalent well-structured representation, but do have an equivalent maximally-structured one, as well as proposes a complete structuring method. Together with our previous results, this article completes the solution of the process model structuring problem for the class of acyclic process models. KW - process modeling KW - structured process model KW - maximal structuring KW - model transformation KW - fully concurrent bisimulation Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxs126 SN - 0010-4620 SN - 1460-2067 VL - 57 IS - 1 SP - 12 EP - 35 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weske, Mathias A1 - Sadiq, Shazia A1 - Soffer, Pnina A1 - Voelzer, Hagen T1 - Preface to BPM 2014 T2 - Information systems Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2015.09.006 SN - 0306-4379 SN - 1873-6076 VL - 56 SP - 233 EP - 234 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Polyvyanyy, Artem A1 - Smirnov, Sergey A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - The triconnected abstraction of process models N2 - Contents: Artem Polyvanny, Sergey Smirnow, and Mathias Weske The Triconnected Abstraction of Process Models 1 Introduction 2 Business Process Model Abstraction 3 Preliminaries 4 Triconnected Decomposition 4.1 Basic Approach for Process Component Discovery 4.2 SPQR-Tree Decomposition 4.3 SPQR-Tree Fragments in the Context of Process Models 5 Triconnected Abstraction 5.1 Abstraction Rules 5.2 Abstraction Algorithm 6 Related Work and Conclusions T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 26 KW - Hasso-Plattner-Institut KW - Hasso-Plattner-Institute Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32847 SN - 978-3-940793-65-2 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Smirnov, Sergey A1 - Weidlich, Matthias A1 - Mendling, Jan A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Action patterns in business process models N2 - Business process management experiences a large uptake by the industry, and process models play an important role in the analysis and improvement of processes. While an increasing number of staff becomes involved in actual modeling practice, it is crucial to assure model quality and homogeneity along with providing suitable aids for creating models. In this paper we consider the problem of offering recommendations to the user during the act of modeling. Our key contribution is a concept for defining and identifying so-called action patterns - chunks of actions often appearing together in business processes. In particular, we specify action patterns and demonstrate how they can be identified from existing process model repositories using association rule mining techniques. Action patterns can then be used to suggest additional actions for a process model. Our approach is challenged by applying it to the collection of process models from the SAP Reference Model. N2 - Die zunehmende Bedeutung des Geschäftsprozessmanagements führt dazu, dass eine steigende Anzahl von Mitarbeitern eines Unternehmens mit der Erstellung von Prozessmodellen betraut ist. Um trotz dieser Tendenz die Qualität der Prozessmodelle, sowie ihre Homogenität sicherzustellen, sind entsprechende Modellierungshilfen unabdingbar. In diesem Bericht stellen wir einen Ansatz vor, welcher die Prozessmodellierung durch Empfehlungen unterstützt. Jene basieren auf sogenannten Aktionsmustern, welche typische Arbeitsblöcke darstellen. Neben der Definition dieser Aktionsmuster zeigen wir eine Methode zur Identifikation dieser Muster auf. Mittels Techniken der Assoziationsanalyse können die Muster automatisch aus einer Sammlung von Prozessmodellen extrahiert werden. Die Anwendbarkeit unseres Ansatzes wird durch eine Fallstudie auf Basis des SAP Referenzmodells illustriert. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 30 Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-33586 SN - 978-3-86956-009-0 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haarmann, Stephan A1 - Holfter, Adrian A1 - Pufahl, Luise A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Formal framework for checking compliance of data-driven case management JF - Journal on data semantics : JoDS N2 - Business processes are often specified in descriptive or normative models. Both types of models should adhere to internal and external regulations, such as company guidelines or laws. Employing compliance checking techniques, it is possible to verify process models against rules. While traditionally compliance checking focuses on well-structured processes, we address case management scenarios. In case management, knowledge workers drive multi-variant and adaptive processes. Our contribution is based on the fragment-based case management approach, which splits a process into a set of fragments. The fragments are synchronized through shared data but can, otherwise, be dynamically instantiated and executed. We formalize case models using Petri nets. We demonstrate the formalization for design-time and run-time compliance checking and present a proof-of-concept implementation. The application of the implemented compliance checking approach to a use case exemplifies its effectiveness while designing a case model. The empirical evaluation on a set of case models for measuring the performance of the approach shows that rules can often be checked in less than a second. KW - Compliance checking KW - Case management KW - Model verification KW - Data-centric KW - processes Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13740-021-00120-3 SN - 1861-2032 SN - 1861-2040 VL - 10 IS - 1-2 SP - 143 EP - 163 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Eid-Sabbagh, Rami-Habib A1 - Hewelt, Marcin A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Business process architectures with multiplicities : transformation and correctness N2 - Business processes are instrumental to manage work in organisations. To study the interdependencies between business processes, Business Process Architectures have been introduced. These express trigger and message ow relations between business processes. When we investigate real world Business Process Architectures, we find complex interdependencies, involving multiple process instances. These aspects have not been studied in detail so far, especially concerning correctness properties. In this paper, we propose a modular transformation of BPAs to open nets for the analysis of behavior involving multiple business processes with multiplicities. For this purpose we introduce intermediary nets to portray semantics of multiplicity specifications. We evaluate our approach on a use case from the public sector. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 77 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66780 SN - 978-3-86956-257-5 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Meinel, Christoph A1 - Plattner, Hasso A1 - Döllner, Jürgen Roland Friedrich A1 - Weske, Mathias A1 - Polze, Andreas A1 - Hirschfeld, Robert A1 - Naumann, Felix A1 - Giese, Holger A1 - Baudisch, Patrick T1 - Proceedings of the 7th Ph.D. Retreat of the HPI Research School on Service-oriented Systems Engineering N2 - Design and Implementation of service-oriented architectures imposes a huge number of research questions from the fields of software engineering, system analysis and modeling, adaptability, and application integration. Component orientation and web services are two approaches for design and realization of complex web-based system. Both approaches allow for dynamic application adaptation as well as integration of enterprise application. Commonly used technologies, such as J2EE and .NET, form de facto standards for the realization of complex distributed systems. Evolution of component systems has lead to web services and service-based architectures. This has been manifested in a multitude of industry standards and initiatives such as XML, WSDL UDDI, SOAP, etc. All these achievements lead to a new and promising paradigm in IT systems engineering which proposes to design complex software solutions as collaboration of contractually defined software services. Service-Oriented Systems Engineering represents a symbiosis of best practices in object-orientation, component-based development, distributed computing, and business process management. It provides integration of business and IT concerns. The annual Ph.D. Retreat of the Research School provides each member the opportunity to present his/her current state of their research and to give an outline of a prospective Ph.D. thesis. Due to the interdisciplinary structure of the Research Scholl, this technical report covers a wide range of research topics. These include but are not limited to: Self-Adaptive Service-Oriented Systems, Operating System Support for Service-Oriented Systems, Architecture and Modeling of Service-Oriented Systems, Adaptive Process Management, Services Composition and Workflow Planning, Security Engineering of Service-Based IT Systems, Quantitative Analysis and Optimization of Service-Oriented Systems, Service-Oriented Systems in 3D Computer Graphics sowie Service-Oriented Geoinformatics. N2 - Der Entwurf und die Realisierung dienstbasierender Architekturen wirft eine Vielzahl von Forschungsfragestellungen aus den Gebieten der Softwaretechnik, der Systemmodellierung und -analyse, sowie der Adaptierbarkeit und Integration von Applikationen auf. Komponentenorientierung und WebServices sind zwei Ansätze für den effizienten Entwurf und die Realisierung komplexer Web-basierender Systeme. Sie ermöglichen die Reaktion auf wechselnde Anforderungen ebenso, wie die Integration großer komplexer Softwaresysteme. Heute übliche Technologien, wie J2EE und .NET, sind de facto Standards für die Entwicklung großer verteilter Systeme. Die Evolution solcher Komponentensysteme führt über WebServices zu dienstbasierenden Architekturen. Dies manifestiert sich in einer Vielzahl von Industriestandards und Initiativen wie XML, WSDL, UDDI, SOAP. All diese Schritte führen letztlich zu einem neuen, vielversprechenden Paradigma für IT Systeme, nach dem komplexe Softwarelösungen durch die Integration vertraglich vereinbarter Software-Dienste aufgebaut werden sollen. "Service-Oriented Systems Engineering" repräsentiert die Symbiose bewährter Praktiken aus den Gebieten der Objektorientierung, der Komponentenprogrammierung, des verteilten Rechnen sowie der Geschäftsprozesse und berücksichtigt auch die Integration von Geschäftsanliegen und Informationstechnologien. Die Klausurtagung des Forschungskollegs "Service-oriented Systems Engineering" findet einmal jährlich statt und bietet allen Kollegiaten die Möglichkeit den Stand ihrer aktuellen Forschung darzulegen. Bedingt durch die Querschnittstruktur des Kollegs deckt dieser Bericht ein große Bandbreite aktueller Forschungsthemen ab. Dazu zählen unter anderem Self-Adaptive Service-Oriented Systems, Operating System Support for Service-Oriented Systems, Architecture and Modeling of Service-Oriented Systems, Adaptive Process Management, Services Composition and Workflow Planning, Security Engineering of Service-Based IT Systems, Quantitative Analysis and Optimization of Service-Oriented Systems, Service-Oriented Systems in 3D Computer Graphics sowie Service-Oriented Geoinformatics. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 83 KW - Hasso-Plattner-Institut KW - Forschungskolleg KW - Klausurtagung KW - Service-oriented Systems Engineering KW - Hasso Plattner Institute KW - Research School KW - Ph.D. Retreat KW - Service-oriented Systems Engineering Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63490 SN - 978-3-86956-273-5 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Meyer, Andreas A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Weak conformance between process models and synchronized object life cycles N2 - Process models specify behavioral execution constraints between activities as well as between activities and data objects. A data object is characterized by its states and state transitions represented as object life cycle. For process execution, all behavioral execution constraints must be correct. Correctness can be verified via soundness checking which currently only considers control flow information. For data correctness, conformance between a process model and its object life cycles is checked. Current approaches abstract from dependencies between multiple data objects and require fully specified process models although, in real-world process repositories, often underspecified models are found. Coping with these issues, we introduce the concept of synchronized object life cycles and we define a mapping of data constraints of a process model to Petri nets extending an existing mapping. Further, we apply the notion of weak conformance to process models to tell whether each time an activity needs to access a data object in a particular state, it is guaranteed that the data object is in or can reach the expected state. Then, we introduce an algorithm for an integrated verification of control flow correctness and weak data conformance using soundness checking. N2 - Prozessmodelle spezifizieren die Verhaltensabhängigkeiten bezüglich der Ausführung sowohl zwischen Aktivitäten als auch zwischen Aktivitäten und Datenobjekten. Ein Datenobjekt wird über seine Zustände und Zustandsübergänge charakterisiert, welche in einem Objektlebenszyklus abgebildet werden. Für eine fehlerfreie Prozessausführung müssen alle Verhaltensabhängigkeiten korrekt modelliert werden. Eine Standardtechnik zur Korrektheitsüberprüfung ist das Überprüfen auf Soundness. Aktuelle Ansätze berücksichtigen allerdings nur den Kontrollfluss. Datenkorrektheit wird dagegen mittels Conformance zwischen einem Prozessmodel und den verwendeten Objektlebenszyklen überprüft, indem die Existenz eines Zustandsüberganges im Prozessmodell auch im Objektlebenszyklus möglich sein muss. Allerdings abstrahieren aktuelle Ansätze von Abhängigkeiten zwischen mehreren Datenobjekten und erfordern eine vollständige Prozessmodellspezifikation, d.h. das Überspringen oder Zusammenfassen von Zuständen beziehungsweise das Auslagern von Zustandsüberhängen in andere Prozessmodelle ist zum Beispiel nicht vorgesehen. In Prozessmodellsammlungen aus der Praxis sind allerdings oft solche unterspezifizierten Prozessmodelle vorhanden. In diesem Report adressieren wir diese Problemstellungen. Dazu führen wir das Konzept der synchronisierten Objektlebenszyklen ein, erweitern ein Mapping von Prozessmodellen zu Petri Netzen um Datenabhängigkeiten und wenden das Konzept der Weak Conformance auf Prozessmodelle an, um zu entscheiden ob immer wenn eine Aktivität auf ein Datenobjekt zugreift dieses auch im richtigen Zustand vorliegt. Dazu kann das Datenobjekt bereits in diesem Zustand sein oder aber diesen über eine beliebige Anzahl von Zustandsübergängen erreichen. Basierend auf diesen Konzepten führen wir auch einen Algorithmus ein, welcher ein integriertes Überprüfen von Kontrollfluss- und Datenflusskorrektheit unter Nutzung von Soundness-Überprüfungen ermöglicht. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 91 KW - business process management KW - data flow correctness KW - object life cycle synchronization KW - Petri net mapping KW - conformance checking KW - Geschäftsprozessmanagement KW - Datenflusskorrektheit KW - Objektlebenszyklus-Synchronisation KW - Petri net Mapping KW - Conformance Überprüfung Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71722 SN - 978-3-86956-303-9 SN - 1613-5652 SN - 2191-1665 IS - 91 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Pufahl, Luise A1 - Meyer, Andreas A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Batch regions : process instance synchronization based on data N2 - Business process automation improves organizations’ efficiency to perform work. In existing business process management systems, process instances run independently from each other. However, synchronizing instances carrying similar characteristics, i.e., sharing the same data, can reduce process execution costs. For example, if an online retailer receives two orders from one customer, there is a chance that they can be packed and shipped together to save shipment costs. In this paper, we use concepts from the database domain and introduce data views to business processes to identify instances which can be synchronized. Based on data views, we introduce the concept of batch regions for a context-aware instance synchronization over a set of connected activities. We also evaluate the concepts introduced in this paper with a case study comparing costs for normal and batch processing. N2 - Die Automatisierung von Geschäftsprozessen unterstützt Unternehmen, die Ausführung ihrer Prozesse effizienter zu gestalten. In existierenden Business Process Management Systemen, werden die Instanzen eines Prozesses völlig unabhängig voneinander ausgeführt. Jedoch kann das Synchronisieren von Instanzen mit ähnlichen Charakteristiken wie z.B. den gleichen Daten zu reduzierten Ausführungskosten führen. Zum Beispiel, wenn ein Onlinehändler zwei Bestellungen vom selben Kunden mit der gleichen Lieferanschrift erhält, können diese zusammen verpackt und versendet werden, um Versandkosten zu sparen. In diesem Papier verwenden wir Konzepte aus dem Datenbankbereich und führen Datensichten für Geschäftsprozesse ein, um Instanzen zu identifizieren, welche synchronisiert werden können. Auf Grundlage der Datensichten führen wir das Konzept der Batch-Regionen ein. Eine Batch-Region ermöglicht eine kontext-bewusste Instanzen-Synchronisierung über mehrere verbundene Aktivitäten. Das eingeführte Konzept wird mit einer Fallstudie evaluiert, bei der ein Kostenvergleich zwischen der normalen Prozessausführung und der Batchverarbeitung durchgeführt wird. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 86 KW - BPM KW - Batchverarbeitung KW - Gruppierung von Prozessinstanzen KW - Datensicht KW - BPM KW - batch processing KW - process instance grouping KW - data view Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-69081 SN - 978-3-86956-280-3 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Rogge-Solti, Andreas A1 - Mans, Ronny S. A1 - van der Aalst, Wil M. P. A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Repairing event logs using stochastic process models N2 - Companies strive to improve their business processes in order to remain competitive. Process mining aims to infer meaningful insights from process-related data and attracted the attention of practitioners, tool-vendors, and researchers in recent years. Traditionally, event logs are assumed to describe the as-is situation. But this is not necessarily the case in environments where logging may be compromised due to manual logging. For example, hospital staff may need to manually enter information regarding the patient’s treatment. As a result, events or timestamps may be missing or incorrect. In this paper, we make use of process knowledge captured in process models, and provide a method to repair missing events in the logs. This way, we facilitate analysis of incomplete logs. We realize the repair by combining stochastic Petri nets, alignments, and Bayesian networks. We evaluate the results using both synthetic data and real event data from a Dutch hospital. N2 - Unternehmen optimieren ihre Geschäftsprozesse laufend um im kompetitiven Umfeld zu bestehen. Das Ziel von Process Mining ist es, bedeutende Erkenntnisse aus prozessrelevanten Daten zu extrahieren. In den letzten Jahren sorgte Process Mining bei Experten, Werkzeugherstellern und Forschern zunehmend für Aufsehen. Traditionell wird dabei angenommen, dass Ereignisprotokolle die tatsächliche Ist-Situation widerspiegeln. Dies ist jedoch nicht unbedingt der Fall, wenn prozessrelevante Ereignisse manuell erfasst werden. Ein Beispiel hierfür findet sich im Krankenhaus, in dem das Personal Behandlungen meist manuell dokumentiert. Vergessene oder fehlerhafte Einträge in Ereignisprotokollen sind in solchen Fällen nicht auszuschließen. In diesem technischen Bericht wird eine Methode vorgestellt, die das Wissen aus Prozessmodellen und historischen Daten nutzt um fehlende Einträge in Ereignisprotokollen zu reparieren. Somit wird die Analyse unvollständiger Ereignisprotokolle erleichtert. Die Reparatur erfolgt mit einer Kombination aus stochastischen Petri Netzen, Alignments und Bayes'schen Netzen. Die Ergebnisse werden mit synthetischen Daten und echten Daten eines holländischen Krankenhauses evaluiert. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 78 KW - Process Mining KW - fehlende Daten KW - stochastische Petri Netze KW - Bayes'sche Netze KW - process mining KW - missing data KW - stochastic Petri nets KW - Bayesian networks Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66797 SN - 978-3-86956-258-2 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ihde, Sven A1 - Pufahl, Luise A1 - Völker, Maximilian A1 - Goel, Asvin A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - A framework for modeling and executing task BT - specific resource allocations in business processes JF - Computing : archives for informatics and numerical computation N2 - As resources are valuable assets, organizations have to decide which resources to allocate to business process tasks in a way that the process is executed not only effectively but also efficiently. Traditional role-based resource allocation leads to effective process executions, since each task is performed by a resource that has the required skills and competencies to do so. However, the resulting allocations are typically not as efficient as they could be, since optimization techniques have yet to find their way in traditional business process management scenarios. On the other hand, operations research provides a rich set of analytical methods for supporting problem-specific decisions on resource allocation. This paper provides a novel framework for creating transparency on existing tasks and resources, supporting individualized allocations for each activity in a process, and the possibility to integrate problem-specific analytical methods of the operations research domain. To validate the framework, the paper reports on the design and prototypical implementation of a software architecture, which extends a traditional process engine with a dedicated resource management component. This component allows us to define specific resource allocation problems at design time, and it also facilitates optimized resource allocation at run time. The framework is evaluated using a real-world parcel delivery process. The evaluation shows that the quality of the allocation results increase significantly with a technique from operations research in contrast to the traditional applied rule-based approach. KW - Process Execution KW - Business Process Management KW - Resource Allocation KW - Resource Management KW - Activity-oriented Optimization Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-022-01093-2 SN - 0010-485X SN - 1436-5057 VL - 104 SP - 2405 EP - 2429 PB - Springer CY - Wien ER - TY - GEN A1 - Combi, Carlo A1 - Oliboni, Barbara A1 - Weske, Mathias A1 - Zerbato, Francesca ED - Trujillo, JC Davis T1 - Conceptual modeling of processes and data BT - Connecting different perspectives T2 - Conceptual Modeling, ER 2018 N2 - Business processes constantly generate, manipulate, and consume data that are managed by organizational databases. Despite being central to process modeling and execution, the link between processes and data is often handled by developers when the process is implemented, thus leaving the connection unexplored during the conceptual design. In this paper, we introduce, formalize, and evaluate a novel conceptual view that bridges the gap between process and data models, and show some kinds of interesting insights that can be derived from this novel proposal. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-030-00847-5 SN - 978-3-030-00846-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00847-5_18 SN - 0302-9743 SN - 1611-3349 VL - 11157 SP - 236 EP - 250 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Combi, Carlo A1 - Oliboni, Barbara A1 - Weske, Mathias A1 - Zerbato, Francesca T1 - Seamless conceptual modeling of processes with transactional and analytical data JF - Data & knowledge engineering N2 - In the field of Business Process Management (BPM), modeling business processes and related data is a critical issue since process activities need to manage data stored in databases. The connection between processes and data is usually handled at the implementation level, even if modeling both processes and data at the conceptual level should help designers in improving business process models and identifying requirements for implementation. Especially in data -and decision-intensive contexts, business process activities need to access data stored both in databases and data warehouses. In this paper, we complete our approach for defining a novel conceptual view that bridges process activities and data. The proposed approach allows the designer to model the connection between business processes and database models and define the operations to perform, providing interesting insights on the overall connected perspective and hints for identifying activities that are crucial for decision support. KW - Conceptual modeling KW - Business process modeling KW - BPMN KW - Data modeling KW - Data warehouse KW - Decision support Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.datak.2021.101895 SN - 0169-023X SN - 1872-6933 VL - 134 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Meinel, Christoph A1 - Döllner, Jürgen Roland Friedrich A1 - Weske, Mathias A1 - Polze, Andreas A1 - Hirschfeld, Robert A1 - Naumann, Felix A1 - Giese, Holger A1 - Baudisch, Patrick A1 - Friedrich, Tobias A1 - Böttinger, Erwin A1 - Lippert, Christoph A1 - Dörr, Christian A1 - Lehmann, Anja A1 - Renard, Bernhard A1 - Rabl, Tilmann A1 - Uebernickel, Falk A1 - Arnrich, Bert A1 - Hölzle, Katharina T1 - Proceedings of the HPI Research School on Service-oriented Systems Engineering 2020 Fall Retreat N2 - Design and Implementation of service-oriented architectures imposes a huge number of research questions from the fields of software engineering, system analysis and modeling, adaptability, and application integration. Component orientation and web services are two approaches for design and realization of complex web-based system. Both approaches allow for dynamic application adaptation as well as integration of enterprise application. Service-Oriented Systems Engineering represents a symbiosis of best practices in object-orientation, component-based development, distributed computing, and business process management. It provides integration of business and IT concerns. The annual Ph.D. Retreat of the Research School provides each member the opportunity to present his/her current state of their research and to give an outline of a prospective Ph.D. thesis. Due to the interdisciplinary structure of the research school, this technical report covers a wide range of topics. These include but are not limited to: Human Computer Interaction and Computer Vision as Service; Service-oriented Geovisualization Systems; Algorithm Engineering for Service-oriented Systems; Modeling and Verification of Self-adaptive Service-oriented Systems; Tools and Methods for Software Engineering in Service-oriented Systems; Security Engineering of Service-based IT Systems; Service-oriented Information Systems; Evolutionary Transition of Enterprise Applications to Service Orientation; Operating System Abstractions for Service-oriented Computing; and Services Specification, Composition, and Enactment. N2 - Der Entwurf und die Realisierung dienstbasierender Architekturen wirft eine Vielzahl von Forschungsfragestellungen aus den Gebieten der Softwaretechnik, der Systemmodellierung und -analyse, sowie der Adaptierbarkeit und Integration von Applikationen auf. Komponentenorientierung und WebServices sind zwei Ansätze für den effizienten Entwurf und die Realisierung komplexer Web-basierender Systeme. Sie ermöglichen die Reaktion auf wechselnde Anforderungen ebenso, wie die Integration großer komplexer Softwaresysteme. "Service-Oriented Systems Engineering" repräsentiert die Symbiose bewährter Praktiken aus den Gebieten der Objektorientierung, der Komponentenprogrammierung, des verteilten Rechnen sowie der Geschäftsprozesse und berücksichtigt auch die Integration von Geschäftsanliegen und Informationstechnologien. Die Klausurtagung des Forschungskollegs "Service-oriented Systems Engineering" findet einmal jährlich statt und bietet allen Kollegiaten die Möglichkeit den Stand ihrer aktuellen Forschung darzulegen. Bedingt durch die Querschnittstruktur des Kollegs deckt dieser Bericht ein weites Spektrum aktueller Forschungsthemen ab. Dazu zählen unter anderem Human Computer Interaction and Computer Vision as Service; Service-oriented Geovisualization Systems; Algorithm Engineering for Service-oriented Systems; Modeling and Verification of Self-adaptive Service-oriented Systems; Tools and Methods for Software Engineering in Service-oriented Systems; Security Engineering of Service-based IT Systems; Service-oriented Information Systems; Evolutionary Transition of Enterprise Applications to Service Orientation; Operating System Abstractions for Service-oriented Computing; sowie Services Specification, Composition, and Enactment. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 138 KW - Hasso Plattner Institute KW - research school KW - Ph.D. retreat KW - service-oriented systems engineering KW - Hasso-Plattner-Institut KW - Forschungskolleg KW - Klausurtagung KW - Service-oriented Systems Engineering Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-504132 SN - 978-3-86956-513-2 SN - 1613-5652 SN - 2191-1665 IS - 138 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER -