TY - JOUR A1 - Genderjahn, Steffi A1 - Alawi, Mashal A1 - Mangelsdorf, Kai A1 - Horn, Fabian A1 - Wagner, Dirk T1 - Desiccation- and saline-solerant bacteria and archaea in kalahari an sediments JF - Frontiers in microbiology N2 - More than 41% of the Earth’s land area is covered by permanent or seasonally arid dryland ecosystems. Global development and human activity have led to an increase in aridity, resulting in ecosystem degradation and desertification around the world. The objective of the present work was to investigate and compare the microbial community structure and geochemical characteristics of two geographically distinct saline pan sediments in the Kalahari Desert of southern Africa. Our data suggest that these microbial communities have been shaped by geochemical drivers, including water content, salinity, and the supply of organic matter. Using Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing, this study provides new insights into the diversity of bacteria and archaea in semi-arid, saline, and low-carbon environments. Many of the observed taxa are halophilic and adapted to water-limiting conditions. The analysis reveals a high relative abundance of halophilic archaea (primarily Halobacteria), and the bacterial diversity is marked by an abundance of Gemmatimonadetes and spore-forming Firmicutes. In the deeper, anoxic layers, candidate division MSBL1, and acetogenic bacteria (Acetothermia) are abundant. Together, the taxonomic information and geochemical data suggest that acetogenesis could be a prevalent form of metabolism in the deep layers of a saline pan. KW - saline pan KW - Kalahari KW - Halobacteria KW - Gemmatimonadetes KW - Firmicutes Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02082 SN - 1664-302X VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krauze, Patryk A1 - Kämpf, Horst A1 - Horn, Fabian A1 - Liu, Qi A1 - Voropaev, Andrey A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - Alawi, Mashal T1 - Microbiological and Geochemical Survey of CO2-Dominated Mofette and Mineral Waters of the Cheb Basin, Czech Republic JF - Frontiers in microbiology N2 - The Cheb Basin (NW Bohemia, Czech Republic) is a shallow, neogene intracontinental basin. It is a non-volcanic region which features frequent earthquake swarms and large-scale diffuse degassing of mantle-derived CO2 at the surface that occurs in the form of CO2-rich mineral springs and wet and dry mofettes. So far, the influence of CO2 degassing onto the microbial communities has been studied for soil environments, but not for aquatic systems. We hypothesized, that deep-trenching CO2 conduits interconnect the subsurface with the surface. This admixture of deep thermal fluids should be reflected in geochemical parameters and in the microbial community compositions. In the present study four mineral water springs and two wet mofettes were investigated through an interdisciplinary survey. The waters were acidic and differed in terms of organic carbon and anion/cation concentrations. Element geochemical and isotope analyses of fluid components were used to verify the origin of the fluids. Prokaryotic communities were characterized through quantitative PCR and Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Putative chemolithotrophic, anaerobic and microaerophilic organisms connected to sulfur (e.g., Sulfuricurvum, Sulfurimonas) and iron (e.g., Gallionella, Sideroxydans) cycling shaped the core community. Additionally, CO2-influenced waters form an ecosystem containing many taxa that are usually found in marine or terrestrial subsurface ecosystems. Multivariate statistics highlighted the influence of environmental parameters such as pH, Fe2+ concentration and conductivity on species distribution. The hydrochemical and microbiological survey introduces a new perspective on mofettes. Our results support that mofettes are either analogs or rather windows into the deep biosphere and furthermore enable access to deeply buried paleo-sediments. KW - elevated CO2 concentration KW - microbial ecology KW - deep biosphere KW - Eger Rift KW - paleo-sediment KW - Sulfuricurvum KW - Gallionella KW - Sideroxydans Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02446 SN - 1664-302X VL - 8 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tanski, Georg A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - Knoblauch, Christian A1 - Fritz, Michael A1 - Sachs, Torsten A1 - Lantuit, Hugues T1 - Rapid CO2 Release From Eroding Permafrost in Seawater JF - Geophysical research letters Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL084303 SN - 0094-8276 SN - 1944-8007 VL - 46 IS - 20 SP - 11244 EP - 11252 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Qi A1 - Kämpf, Horst A1 - Bussert, Robert A1 - Krauze, Patryk A1 - Horn, Fabian A1 - Nickschick, Tobias A1 - Plessen, Birgit A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - Alawi, Mashal T1 - Influence of CO2 degassing on the microbial community in a dry mofette field in Hartoušov, Czech Republic (Western Eger Rift) JF - Frontiers in Microbiology N2 - The Cheb Basin (CZ) is a shallow Neogene intracontinental basin filled with fluvial and lacustrine sediments that is located in the western part of the Eger Rift. The basin is situated in a seismically active area and is characterized by diffuse degassing of mantle-derived CO2 in mofette fields. The Hartousov mofette field shows a daily CO2 flux of 23-97 tons of CO2 released over an area of 0.35 km(2) and a soil gas concentration of up to 100% CO2. The present study aims to explore the geo-bio interactions provoked by the influence of elevated CO2 concentrations on the geochemistry and microbial community of soils and sediments. To sample the strata, two 3-m cores were recovered. One core stems from the center of the degassing structure, whereas the other core was taken 8 m from the ENE and served as an undisturbed reference site. The sites were compared regarding their geochemical features, microbial abundances, and microbial community structures. The mofette site is characterized by a low pH and high TOC/sulfate contents. Striking differences in the microbial community highlight the substantial impact of elevated CO2 concentrations and their associated side effects on microbial processes. The abundance of microbes did not show a typical decrease with depth, indicating that the uprising CO2-rich fluid provides sufficient substrate for chemolithoautotrophic anaerobic microorganisms. Illumine MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes and multivariate statistics reveals that the pH strongly influences microbial composition and explains around 38.7% of the variance at the mofette site and 22.4% of the variance between the mofette site and the undisturbed reference site. Accordingly, acidophilic microorganisms (e.g., OTUs assigned to Acidobacteriaceae and Acidithiobacillus) displayed a much higher relative abundance at the mofette site than at the reference site. The microbial community at the mofette site is characterized by a high relative abundance of methanogens and taxa involved in sulfur cycling. The present study provides intriguing insights into microbial life and geo-bio interactions in an active seismic region dominated by emanating mantle-derived CO2-rich fluids, and thereby builds the basis for further studies, e.g., focusing on the functional repertoire of the communities. However, it remains open if the observed patterns can be generalized for different time-points or sites. KW - geo–bio interaction KW - elevated CO2 KW - concentration KW - paleo-sediment KW - deep biosphere KW - acidophilic microorganisms KW - Acidobacteriaceae KW - Acidithiobacillus KW - Acidothermus Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02787 SN - 1664-302X VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oeser, Ralf Andreas A1 - Stroncik, Nicole A1 - Moskwa, Lisa-Marie A1 - Bernhard, Nadine A1 - Schaller, Mirjam A1 - Canessa, Rafaella A1 - van den Brink, Liesbeth A1 - Köster, Moritz A1 - Brucker, Emanuel A1 - Stock, Svenja A1 - Pablo Fuentes, Juan A1 - Godoy, Roberto A1 - Javier Matus, Francisco A1 - Oses Pedraza, Romulo A1 - Osses McIntyre, Pablo A1 - Paulino, Leandro A1 - Seguel, Oscar A1 - Bader, Maaike Y. A1 - Boy, Jens A1 - Dippold, Michaela A. A1 - Ehlers, Todd A1 - Kühn, Peter A1 - Kuzyakov, Yakov A1 - Leinweber, Peter A1 - Scholten, Thomas A1 - Spielvogel, Sandra A1 - Spohn, Marie A1 - Ubernickel, Kirstin A1 - Tielbörger, Katja A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - von Blanckenburg, Friedhelm T1 - Chemistry and microbiology of the Critical Zone along a steep climate and vegetation gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera JF - Catena : an interdisciplinary journal of soil science, hydrology, geomorphology focusing on geoecology and landscape evolution N2 - From north to south, denudation rates from cosmogenic nuclides are similar to 10 t km(-2) yr(-1) at the arid Pan de Aziicar site, similar to 20 t km(2) yr(-1) at the semi-arid site of Santa Gracia, -60 t km(-2) yr(-1) at the Mediterranean climate site of La Campana, and similar to 30 t km(-2) yr(-1) at the humid site of Nahuelbuta. A and B horizons increase in thickness and elemental depletion or enrichment increases from north (similar to 26 degrees S) to south (similar to 38 degrees S) in these horizons. Differences in the degree of chemical weathering, quantified by the chemical depletion fraction (CDF), are significant only between the arid and sparsely vegetated site and the other three sites. Differences in the CDF between the sites, and elemental depletion within the sites are sometimes smaller than the variations induced by the bedrock heterogeneity. Microbial abundances (bacteria and archaea) in saprolite substantially increase from the arid to the semi-arid sites. With this study, we provide a comprehensive dataset characterizing the Critical Zone geochemistry in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. This dataset confirms climatic controls on weathering and denudation rates and provides prerequisites to quantify the role of biota in future studies. KW - Weathering KW - Denudation KW - Microbial abundance KW - Climate KW - Chile Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2018.06.002 SN - 0341-8162 SN - 1872-6887 VL - 170 SP - 183 EP - 203 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Serrano, Paloma A1 - Alawi, Mashal A1 - de Vera, Jean-Pierre Paul A1 - Wagner, Dirk T1 - Response of Methanogenic Archaea from Siberian Permafrost and Non-permafrost Environments to Simulated Mars-like Desiccation and the Presence of Perchlorate JF - Astrobiology N2 - Numerous preflight investigations were necessary prior to the exposure experiment BIOMEX on the International Space Station to test the basic potential of selected microorganisms to resist or even to be active under Mars-like conditions. In this study, methanogenic archaea, which are anaerobic chemolithotrophic microorganisms whose lifestyle would allow metabolism under the conditions on early and recent Mars, were analyzed. Some strains from Siberian permafrost environments have shown a particular resistance. In this investigation, we analyzed the response of three permafrost strains (Methanosarcina soligelidi SMA-21, Candidatus Methanosarcina SMA-17, Candidatus Methanobacterium SMA-27) and two related strains from non-permafrost environments (Methanosarcina mazei, Methanosarcina barkeri) to desiccation conditions (-80 degrees C for 315 days, martian regolith analog simulants S-MRS and P-MRS, a 128-day period of simulated Mars-like atmosphere). Exposure of the different methanogenic strains to increasing concentrations of magnesium perchlorate allowed for the study of their metabolic shutdown in a Mars-relevant perchlorate environment. Survival and metabolic recovery were analyzed by quantitative PCR, gas chromatography, and a new DNA-extraction method from viable cells embedded in S-MRS and P-MRS. All strains survived the two Mars-like desiccating scenarios and recovered to different extents. The permafrost strain SMA-27 showed an increased methanogenic activity by at least 10-fold after deep-freezing conditions. The methanogenic rates of all strains did not decrease significantly after 128 days S-MRS exposure, except for SMA-27, which decreased 10-fold. The activity of strains SMA-17 and SMA-27 decreased after 16 and 60 days P-MRS exposure. Non-permafrost strains showed constant survival and methane production when exposed to both desiccating scenarios. All strains showed unaltered methane production when exposed to the perchlorate concentration reported at the Phoenix landing site (2.4 mM) or even higher concentrations. We conclude that methanogens from (non-)permafrost environments are suitable candidates for potential life in the martian subsurface and therefore are worthy of study after space exposure experiments that approach Mars-like surface conditions. KW - Methanogenic archaea KW - Simulated Mars-like conditions KW - Subfreezing temperatures KW - Martian regolith analogs KW - Perchlorate KW - Permafrost Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1877 SN - 1531-1074 SN - 1557-8070 VL - 19 IS - 2 SP - 197 EP - 208 PB - Liebert CY - New Rochelle ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Genderjahn, Steffi A1 - Alawi, Mashal A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - Schueller, I. A1 - Wanke, A. A1 - Mangelsdorf, Kai T1 - Microbial community responses to modern environmental and Past Climatic Conditions in Omongwa Pan, Western Kalahari BT - a paired 16S rRNA Gene profiling and lipid biomarker approach JF - Journal of geophysical research : Biogeosciences N2 - Due to a lack of well-preserved terrestrial climate archives, paleoclimate studies are sparse in southwestern Africa. Because there are no perennial lacustrine systems in this region, this study relies on a saline pan as an archive for climate information in the western Kalahari (Namibia). Molecular biological and biogeochemical analyses were combined to examine the response of indigenous microbial communities to modern and past climate-induced environmental conditions. The 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing was applied to sediment samples from Omongwa pan to characterize the modern microbial diversity. Highest diversity of microorganisms, dominated by the extreme halophilic archaeon Halobacteria and by the bacterial phylum Gemmatimonadetes, was detected in the near-surface sediments of Omongwa pan. In deeper sections abundance and diversity significantly decreases and Bacillus, known to form spores, become dominant. Lipid biomarkers for living and past microbial life were analyzed to track the influence of climate variation on the abundance of microbial communities from the Last Glacial Maximum to Holocene time. Since water is an inevitable requirement for microbial life, in this dry region the abundance of past microbial biomarkers was evaluated to conclude on periods of increased paleoprecipitation in the past. The data point to a period of increased humidity in the western Kalahari during the Last Glacial to Holocene transition indicating a southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone during this period. Comparison with results from a southwestern Kalahari pan suggests complex displacements of the regional atmospheric systems since the Last Glacial Maximum. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG004098 SN - 2169-8953 SN - 2169-8961 VL - 123 IS - 4 SP - 1333 EP - 1351 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mitzscherling, Julia A1 - MacLean, Joana A1 - Lipus, Daniel A1 - Bartholomäus, Alexander A1 - Mangelsdorf, Kai A1 - Lipski, André A1 - Roddatis, Vladimir A1 - Liebner, Susanne A1 - Wagner, Dirk T1 - Nocardioides alcanivorans sp. nov., a novel hexadecane-degrading species isolated from plastic waste JF - International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology N2 - Strain NGK65(T), a novel hexadecane degrading, non-motile, Gram-positive, rod-to-coccus shaped, aerobic bacterium, was isolated from plastic polluted soil sampled at a landfill. Strain NGK65(T) hydrolysed casein, gelatin, urea and was catalase-positive. It optimally grew at 28 degrees C. in 0-1% NaCl and at pH 7.5-8.0. Glycerol, D-glucose, arbutin, aesculin, salicin, potassium 5-ketogluconate. sucrose, acetate, pyruvate and hexadecane were used as sole carbon sources. The predominant membrane fatty acids were iso-C-16:0 followed by iso-C(17:)0 and C-18:1 omega 9c. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and hydroxyphosphatidylinositol. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A3 gamma, with LL-diaminopimelic acid and glycine as the diagnostic amino acids. MK 8 (H-4) was the predominant menaquinone. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NGK65(T) belongs to the genus Nocardioides (phylum Actinobacteria). appearing most closely related to Nocardioides daejeonensis MJ31(T) (98.6%) and Nocardioides dubius KSL-104(T) (98.3%). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain NGK65(T) was 68.2%. Strain NGK65(T) and the type strains of species involved in the analysis had average nucleotide identity values of 78.3-71.9% as well as digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between 22.5 and 19.7%, which clearly indicated that the isolate represents a novel species within the genus Nocardioides. Based on phenotypic and molecular characterization, strain NGK65(T) can clearly be differentiated from its phylogenetic neighbours to establish a novel species, for which the name Nocardioides alcanivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NGK65(T) (=DSM 113112(T)=NCCB 100846(T)). KW - Nocardioides alcanivorans KW - hexadecane KW - plastic degradation KW - terrestrial KW - plastisphere KW - bacteria Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.005319 SN - 1466-5026 SN - 1466-5034 VL - 72 IS - 4 PB - Microbiology Society CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nwosu, Ebuka Canisius A1 - Roeser, Patricia Angelika A1 - Yang, Sizhong A1 - Ganzert, Lars A1 - Dellwig, Olaf A1 - Pinkerneil, Sylvia A1 - Brauer, Achim A1 - Dittmann, Elke A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - Liebner, Susanne T1 - From water into sediment-tracing freshwater cyanobacteria via DNA analyses JF - Microorganisms : open access journal N2 - Sedimentary ancient DNA-based studies have been used to probe centuries of climate and environmental changes and how they affected cyanobacterial assemblages in temperate lakes. Due to cyanobacteria containing potential bloom-forming and toxin-producing taxa, their approximate reconstruction from sediments is crucial, especially in lakes lacking long-term monitoring data. To extend the resolution of sediment record interpretation, we used high-throughput sequencing, amplicon sequence variant (ASV) analysis, and quantitative PCR to compare pelagic cyanobacterial composition to that in sediment traps (collected monthly) and surface sediments in Lake Tiefer See. Cyanobacterial composition, species richness, and evenness was not significantly different among the pelagic depths, sediment traps and surface sediments (p > 0.05), indicating that the cyanobacteria in the sediments reflected the cyanobacterial assemblage in the water column. However, total cyanobacterial abundances (qPCR) decreased from the metalimnion down the water column. The aggregate-forming (Aphanizomenon) and colony-forming taxa (Snowella) showed pronounced sedimentation. In contrast, Planktothrix was only very poorly represented in sediment traps (meta- and hypolimnion) and surface sediments, despite its highest relative abundance at the thermocline (10 m water depth) during periods of lake stratification (May-October). We conclude that this skewed representation in taxonomic abundances reflects taphonomic processes, which should be considered in future DNA-based paleolimnological investigations. KW - Aphanizomenon KW - Planktothrix KW - Snowella KW - cyanobacteria sedimentation KW - lake monitoring KW - sedimentary ancient DNA KW - sediment traps KW - environmental reconstruction Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081778 SN - 2076-2607 VL - 9 IS - 8 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nwosu, Ebuka Canisius A1 - Roeser, Patricia Angelika A1 - Yang, Sizhong A1 - Pinkerneil, Sylvia A1 - Ganzert, Lars A1 - Dittmann, Elke A1 - Brauer, Achim A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - Liebner, Susanne T1 - Species-level spatio-temporal dynamics of cyanobacteria in a hard-water temperate lake in the Southern Baltics JF - Frontiers in microbiology N2 - Cyanobacteria are important primary producers in temperate freshwater ecosystems. However, studies on the seasonal and spatial distribution of cyanobacteria in deep lakes based on high-throughput DNA sequencing are still rare. In this study, we combined monthly water sampling and monitoring in 2019, amplicon sequence variants analysis (ASVs; a proxy for different species) and quantitative PCR targeting overall cyanobacteria abundance to describe the seasonal and spatial dynamics of cyanobacteria in the deep hard-water oligo-mesotrophic Lake Tiefer See, NE Germany. We observed significant seasonal variation in the cyanobacterial community composition (p < 0.05) in the epi- and metalimnion layers, but not in the hypolimnion. In winter-when the water column is mixed-picocyanobacteria (Synechococcus and Cyanobium) were dominant. With the onset of stratification in late spring, we observed potential niche specialization and coexistence among the cyanobacteria taxa driven mainly by light and nutrient dynamics. Specifically, ASVs assigned to picocyanobacteria and the genus Planktothrix were the main contributors to the formation of deep chlorophyll maxima along a light gradient. While Synechococcus and different Cyanobium ASVs were abundant in the epilimnion up to the base of the euphotic zone from spring to fall, Planktothrix mainly occurred in the metalimnetic layer below the euphotic zone where also overall cyanobacteria abundance was highest in summer. Our data revealed two potentially psychrotolerant (cold-adapted) Cyanobium species that appear to cope well under conditions of lower hypolimnetic water temperature and light as well as increasing sediment-released phosphate in the deeper waters in summer. The potential cold-adapted Cyanobium species were also dominant throughout the water column in fall and winter. Furthermore, Snowella and Microcystis-related ASVs were abundant in the water column during the onset of fall turnover. Altogether, these findings suggest previously unascertained and considerable spatiotemporal changes in the community of cyanobacteria on the species level especially within the genus Cyanobium in deep hard-water temperate lakes. KW - Cyanobium KW - picocyanobacteria diversity KW - amplicon sequencing KW - lake monitoring KW - ecological succession KW - lake stratification KW - psychrotolerant Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.761259 SN - 1664-302X VL - 12 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER -