TY  - JOUR
A1  - Laucht, Manfred
A1  - Treutlein, Jens
A1  - Blomeyer, Dorothea
A1  - Buchmann, Arlette F.
A1  - Schmidt, Martin H.
A1  - Esser, Günter
A1  - Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine
A1  - Rietschel, Marcella
A1  - Banaschewski, Tobias
T1  - Interactive effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 gene and childhood adversity on depressive symptoms in young adults findings from a longitudinal study
JF  - European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
N2  - Accumulating research suggests a moderating role for the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 gene (CRHR1) in the association between childhood adversity and adult depression. The present study aims to replicate recent findings using different genetic variants and measures of early adversity assessed both prospectively and retrospectively. Data were collected in the context of an ongoing epidemiological cohort study following the outcome of early risk factors from birth into adulthood. 300 participants (137 males, 163 females) were genotyped for four CRHR1 SNPs (rs7209436, rs110402, rs242924, and rs17689882) and completed the Beck Depression Inventory at ages 19, 22 and 23 years. Childhood adversity was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and by a standardized parent interview yielding an index of family adversity. Our results indicate that CRHR1 and childhood adversity interacted to predict depressive symptoms in young adults. Specifically, we found that the impact of childhood maltreatment on adult depressive symptoms was significantly higher in individuals (i) with two copies of the CRHR1 TAT haplotype, and (ii) homozygous for the G allele of rs17689882. The interaction was demonstrated for exposure to childhood maltreatment as assessed by retrospective self-report, but not to prospectively ascertain objective family adversity. The present study partially replicates recent findings of a CRHR1 by childhood adversity interaction with regard to adult depression highlighting the subjective characteristics of the environmental pathogen that is operative in this interaction.
KW  - Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 gene
KW  - Depression
KW  - Maltreatment
KW  - Family adversity
KW  - Young adults
KW  - Gene-environment interaction
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.06.002
SN  - 0924-977X
VL  - 23
IS  - 5
SP  - 358
EP  - 367
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  -