TY  - JOUR
A1  - Liang, Jin-Rong
A1  - Moshel, Shay
A1  - Zivotofsky, Ari Z.
A1  - Caspi, Avi
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
A1  - Havlin, Shlomo
T1  - Scaling of horizontal and vertical fixational eye movements
N2  - Eye movements during fixation of a stationary target prevent the adaptation of the visual system to continuous illumination and inhibit fading of the image. These random, involuntary, small movements are restricted at long time scales so as to keep the target at the center of the field of view. Here we use detrended fluctuation analysis in order to study the properties of fixational eye movements at different time scales. Results show different scaling behavior between horizontal and vertical movements. When the small ballistic movements, i.e., microsaccades, are removed, the scaling exponents in both planes become similar. Our findings suggest that microsaccades enhance the persistence at short time scales mostly in the horizontal component and much less in the vertical component. This difference may be due to the need for continuously moving the eyes in the horizontal plane, in order to match the stereoscopic image for different viewing distances
Y1  - 2005
SN  - 1063-651X
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moshel, Shay
A1  - Zivotofsky, Ari Z.
A1  - Liang, Jin-Rong
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
A1  - Kurths, Jürgen
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
A1  - Havlin, Shlomo
T1  - Persistence and phase synchronization properties of fixational eye movement
N2  - When we fixate our gaze on a stable object, our eyes move continuously with extremely small involuntary and autonomic movements, that even we are unaware of during their occurrence. One of the roles of these fixational eye movements is to prevent the adaptation of the visual system to continuous illumination and inhibit fading of the image. These random, small movements are restricted at long time scales so as to keep the target at the centre of the field of view. In addition, the synchronisation properties between both eyes are related to binocular coordination in order to provide stereopsis. We investigated the roles of different time scale behaviours, especially how they are expressed in the different spatial directions (vertical versus horizontal). We also tested the synchronisation between both eyes. Results show different scaling behaviour between horizontal and vertical movements. When the small ballistic movements, i.e., microsaccades, are removed, the scaling behaviour in both axes becomes similar. Our findings suggest that microsaccades enhance the persistence at short time scales mostly in the horizontal component and much less in the vertical component. We also applied the phase synchronisation decay method to study the synchronisation between six combinations of binocular fixational eye movement components. We found that the vertical-vertical components of right and left eyes are significantly more synchronised than the horizontal-horizontal components. These differences may be due to the need for continuously moving the eyes in the horizontal plane in order to match the stereoscopic image for different viewing distances.
Y1  - 2008
UR  - 1960 = DOI: 10.1140/epjst/e2008-00762-3
SN  - 1951-6355
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gozolchiani, Avi
A1  - Moshel, Shay
A1  - Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
A1  - Simon, Ely
A1  - Kurths, Jürgen
A1  - Havlin, Shlomo
T1  - Decaying of phase synchronization in parkinsonian tremor
N2  - We describe effects of the asymmetry of cycles and non-stationarity in time series on the phase synchronization method which may lead to artifacts. We develop a modified method that overcomes these effects and apply it to study parkinsonian tremor. Our results indicate that there is synchronization between two different hands and provide information about the time delay separating their dynamics. These findings suggest that this method may be useful for detecting and quantifying weak synchronization between two non-stationary signals.
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03784371
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2005.10.033
SN  - 0378-4371
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moshel, Shay
A1  - Liang, Jin-Rong
A1  - Caspi, Avi
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
A1  - Havlin, Shlomo
A1  - Zivotofsky, Ari Z.
T1  - Phase-synchronization decay of fixational eye movements
Y1  - 2005
ER  -