TY - GEN A1 - Kämpf, Lucas A1 - Plessen, Birgit A1 - Lauterbach, Stefan A1 - Nantke, Carla A1 - Meyer, Hanno A1 - Chapligin, Bernhard A1 - Brauer, Achim T1 - Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes of carbonates in lake sediments as a paleoflood proxy T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Lake sediments are increasingly explored as reliable paleoflood archives. In addition to established flood proxies including detrital layer thickness, chemical composition, and grain size, we explore stable oxygen and carbon isotope data as paleoflood proxies for lakes in catchments with carbonate bedrock geology. In a case study from Lake Mondsee (Austria), we integrate high-resolution sediment trapping at a proximal and a distal location and stable isotope analyses of varved lake sediments to investigate flood-triggered detrital sediment flux. First, we demonstrate a relation between runoff, detrital sediment flux, and isotope values in the sediment trap record covering the period 2011-2013 CE including 22 events with daily (hourly) peak runoff ranging from 10 (24) m(3) s(-1) to 79 (110) m(3) s(-1). The three- to ten-fold lower flood-triggered detrital sediment deposition in the distal trap is well reflected by attenuated peaks in the stable isotope values of trapped sediments. Next, we show that all nine flood-triggered detrital layers deposited in a sediment record from 1988 to 2013 have elevated isotope values compared with endogenic calcite. In addition, even two runoff events that did not cause the deposition of visible detrital layers are distinguished by higher isotope values. Empirical thresholds in the isotope data allow estimation of magnitudes of the majority of floods, although in some cases flood magnitudes are overestimated because local effects can result in too-high isotope values. Hence we present a proof of concept for stable isotopes as reliable tool for reconstructing flood frequency and, although with some limitations, even for flood magnitudes. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1357 KW - detrital carbonate KW - varved sediments KW - record KW - Baldeggersee KW - delta-c-13 KW - alps Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-550004 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kämpf, Lucas A1 - Plessen, Birgit A1 - Lauterbach, Stefan A1 - Nantke, Carla A1 - Meyer, Hanno A1 - Chapligin, Bernhard A1 - Brauer, Achim T1 - Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes of carbonates in lake sediments as a paleoflood proxy JF - Geology / the Geological Society of America N2 - Lake sediments are increasingly explored as reliable paleoflood archives. In addition to established flood proxies including detrital layer thickness, chemical composition, and grain size, we explore stable oxygen and carbon isotope data as paleoflood proxies for lakes in catchments with carbonate bedrock geology. In a case study from Lake Mondsee (Austria), we integrate high-resolution sediment trapping at a proximal and a distal location and stable isotope analyses of varved lake sediments to investigate flood-triggered detrital sediment flux. First, we demonstrate a relation between runoff, detrital sediment flux, and isotope values in the sediment trap record covering the period 2011-2013 CE including 22 events with daily (hourly) peak runoff ranging from 10 (24) m(3) s(-1) to 79 (110) m(3) s(-1). The three- to ten-fold lower flood-triggered detrital sediment deposition in the distal trap is well reflected by attenuated peaks in the stable isotope values of trapped sediments. Next, we show that all nine flood-triggered detrital layers deposited in a sediment record from 1988 to 2013 have elevated isotope values compared with endogenic calcite. In addition, even two runoff events that did not cause the deposition of visible detrital layers are distinguished by higher isotope values. Empirical thresholds in the isotope data allow estimation of magnitudes of the majority of floods, although in some cases flood magnitudes are overestimated because local effects can result in too-high isotope values. Hence we present a proof of concept for stable isotopes as reliable tool for reconstructing flood frequency and, although with some limitations, even for flood magnitudes. KW - detrital carbonate KW - varved sediments KW - record KW - Baldeggersee KW - delta-c-13 KW - alps Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1130/G46593.1 SN - 1943-2682 SN - 0091-7613 VL - 48 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 7 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY ER - TY - THES A1 - Lauterbach, Stefan T1 - Lateglacial to Holocene climatic and environmental changes in Europe : multi-proxy studies on lake sediments along a transect from northern Italy to northeastern Poland T1 - Spätglaziale und holozäne Klima- und Umweltveränderungen in Europa : Multiproxy-Untersuchungen an Seesedimenten entlang eines Transekts zwischen Norditalien und Nordostpolen N2 - Sediment records of three European lakes were investigated in order to reconstruct the regional climate development during the Lateglacial and Holocene, to investigate the response of local ecosystems to climatic fluctuations and human impact and to relate regional peculiarities of past climate development to climatic changes on a larger spatial scale. The Lake Hańcza (NE Poland) sediment record was studied with a focus on reconstructing the early Holocene climate development and identifying possible differences to Western Europe. Following the initial Holocene climatic improvement, a further climatic improvement occurred between 10 000 and 9000 cal. a BP. Apparently, relatively cold and dry climate conditions persisted in NE Poland during the first ca. 1500 years of the Holocene, most likely due to a specific regional atmospheric circulation pattern. Prevailing anticyclonic circulation linked to a high-pressure cell above the remaining Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS) might have blocked the eastward propagation of warm and moist Westerlies and thus attenuated the early Holocene climatic amelioration in this region until the final decay of the SIS, a pattern different from climate development in Western Europe. The Lateglacial sediment record of Lake Mondsee (Upper Austria) was investigated in order to study the regional climate development and the environmental response to rapid climatic fluctuations. While the temperature rise and environmental response at the onset of the Holocene took place quasi-synchronously, major leads and lags in proxy responses characterize the onset of the Lateglacial Interstadial. In particular, the spread of coniferous woodlands and the reduction of detrital flux lagged the initial Lateglacial warming by ca. 500–750 years. Major cooling at the onset of the Younger Dryas took place synchronously with a change in vegetation, while the increase of detrital matter flux was delayed by about 150–300 years. Complex proxy responses are also detected for short-term Lateglacial climatic fluctuations. In summary, periods of abrupt climatic changes are characterized by complex and temporally variable proxy responses, mainly controlled by ecosystem inertia and the environmental preconditions. A second study on the Lake Mondsee sediment record focused on two small-scale climate deteriorations around 8200 and 9100 cal. a BP, which have been triggered by freshwater discharges to the North Atlantic, causing a shutdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC). Combining microscopic varve counting and AMS 14C dating yielded a precise duration estimate (ca. 150 years) and absolute dating of the 8.2 ka cold event, both being in good agreement with results from other palaeoclimate records. Moreover, a sudden temperature overshoot after the 8.2 ka cold event was identified, also seen in other proxy records around the North Atlantic. This was most likely caused by enhanced resumption of the MOC, which also initiated substantial shifts of oceanic and atmospheric front systems. Although there is also evidence from other proxy records for pronounced recovery of the MOC and atmospheric circulation changes after the 9.1 ka cold event, no temperature overshoot is seen in the Lake Mondsee record, indicating the complex behaviour of the global climate system. The Holocene sediment record of Lake Iseo (northern Italy) was studied to shed light on regional earthquake activity and the influence of climate variability and anthropogenic impact on catchment erosion and detrital flux into the lake. Frequent small-scale detrital layers within the sediments reflect allochthonous sediment supply by extreme surface runoff events. During the early to mid-Holocene, increased detrital flux coincides with periods of cold and wet climate conditions, thus apparently being mainly controlled by climate variability. In contrast, intervals of high detrital flux during the late Holocene partly also correlate with phases of increased human impact, reflecting the complex influences on catchment erosion processes. Five large-scale event layers within the sediments, which are composed of mass-wasting deposits and turbidites, are supposed to have been triggered by strong local earthquakes. While the uppermost of these event layers is assigned to a documented adjacent earthquake in AD 1222, the four other layers are supposed to be related to previously undocumented prehistorical earthquakes. N2 - Sedimente aus drei europäischen Seen wurden untersucht um die regionale Klimaentwicklung während des Spätglazials und Holozäns und die Reaktion der Ökosysteme auf Klimaschwankungen und menschlichen Einfluss zu rekonstruieren sowie die regionalen Besonderheiten der spätquartären Klimaveränderungen in einen überregionalen Kontext zu setzen. Die Sedimente des Jezioro Hańcza (Nordostpolen) wurden im Hinblick auf die frühholozäne Klimaentwicklung und die Identifikation möglicher Unterschiede gegenüber Westeuropa untersucht. Im Anschluss an die Erwärmung zu Beginn des Holozäns konnte eine weitere Verbesserung der Klimabedingungen zwischen 10 000 und 9000 Jahren vor heute nachgewiesen werden. Offensichtlich herrschten in Nordostpolen während der ersten 1500 Jahre des Holozäns noch relative kalte und trockene Klimabedingungen, höchstwahrscheinlich als Resultat besonderer regionaler atmosphärischer Zirkulationsverhältnisse. Eine antizyklonale Zirkulationszelle als Resultat eines Hochdruckgebiets über dem Rest des Skandinavischen Eisschilds verhinderte wahrscheinlich das Vordringen warmer und feuchter Luftmassen aus Westen und verursachte damit eine Abschwächung der frühholozänen Klimaverbesserung in dieser Region bis zum endgültigen Zerfall des Eisschilds, was grundsätzlich von der frühholozänen Klimaentwicklung in Westeuropa abweicht. Die spätglazialen Sedimente des Mondsees (Oberösterreich) wurden im Hinblick auf die regionale Klimaentwicklung und die Reaktion des Ökosystems auf abrupte Klimaschwankungen untersucht. Während die Erwärmung zu Beginn des Holozäns von einer zeitgleichen Reaktion des Ökosystems begleitet wurde, war die Reaktion des Ökosystems auf die Erwärmung zu Beginn des Spätglazials deutlich verzögert. Insbesondere die Ausbreitung von Nadelwäldern und die Reduktion des klastischen Eintrags folgten der spätglazialen Erwärmung erst mit einer Verzögerung von ca. 500–750 Jahren. Die Abkühlung zu Beginn der Jüngeren Dryas war durch eine deutliche Synchronizität zwischen Temperatur- und Vegetationsänderung gekennzeichnet, wohingegen der Anstieg des klastischen Eintrags erst 150–300 Jahre verzögert folgte. Eine komplexe Reaktion des Ökosystems zeigt sich auch während kurzfristiger spätglazialer Klimaschwankungen. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass abrupte Klimaveränderungen durch komplexe und zeitlich variable Reaktionsmuster des Ökosystems gekennzeichnet sind, die hauptsächlich von dessen Klimasensitivität und den ökologischen Ausgangsbedingungen abhängen. Eine zweite Studie an den Sedimenten des Mondsees konzentrierte sich auf zwei Klimaschwankungen vor ca. 8200 und 9100 Jahren, für die Schmelzwassereintrag in den Nordatlantik und ein damit verbundenes Zusammenbrechen der thermohalinen Zirkulation als Ursache angesehen wird. Durch Warvenzählungen und 14C-Datierungen konnten sowohl die Dauer (ca. 150 Jahre) als auch das absolute Alter der Kältephase vor ca. 8200 Jahren zuverlässig bestimmt werden, welche in guter Übereinstimmung mit Resultaten aus anderen Paläoklimaarchiven stehen. Darüber hinaus wurde eine kurze Warmphase direkt im Anschluss an das Abkühlungsereignis identifiziert, die auch in anderen Klimaarchiven im nordatlantischen Raum nachweisbar ist. Diese wurde wahrscheinlich durch ein Wiedererstarken der thermohalinen Zirkulation verursacht, welches darüber hinaus eine Verschiebung ozeanischer und atmosphärischer Frontsysteme zur Folge hatte. Obwohl andere Klimaarchive auch nach dem Abkühlungsereignis vor ca. 9100 Jahren auf ein Wiedererstarken der thermohalinen Zirkulation hindeuten, finden sich in den Sedimenten des Mondsees keine Anzeichen für eine solche Wärmeperiode, was die Komplexität des globalen Klimasystems verdeutlicht. Die holozänen Sedimente des Lago d’Iseo (Norditalien) wurden im Hinblick auf die regionale Erdbebenaktivität und den Einfluss von Klima und Mensch auf Erosionsprozesse im Einzugsgebiet und den klastischen Eintrag in den See untersucht. Zahlreiche kleinere detritische Lagen in den Sedimenten spiegeln Eintrag durch extreme Oberflächenabflussereignisse wieder. Während des Früh- und Mittelholozäns zeigt sich eine deutliche Übereinstimmung zwischen erhöhtem klastischen Eintrag und kühleren und feuchteren Klimaverhältnissen, was auf einen dominanten Einfluss der natürlichen Klimavariabilität hindeutet. Im Gegensatz dazu zeigen Phasen erhöhten klastischen Eintrags während des Spätholozäns teilweise auch eine Korrelation mit erhöhter Siedlungsaktivität, was die Komplexität der Einflüsse auf Erosionsprozesse im Einzugsgebiet verdeutlicht. Darüber hinaus konnten auch fünf größere Ereignislagen nachgewiesen werden, welche durch Rutschmassen und Turbidite gekennzeichnet sind und für die lokale Erdbeben als Ursache vermutet werden. Die jüngste Ereignislage kann mit einem historisch dokumentierten proximalen Erdbeben im Jahr AD 1222 korreliert werden. Für die anderen vier Ereignislagen werden bisher undokumentierte prähistorische Erdbeben als Ursache angenommen. KW - Spätglazial KW - Holozän KW - Seesedimente KW - Paläoklima KW - Europa KW - Lateglacial KW - Holocene KW - lake sediments KW - palaeoclimate KW - Europe Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58157 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lauterbach, Stefan A1 - Witt, Roman A1 - Plessen, Birgit A1 - Dulski, Peter A1 - Prasad, Sushma A1 - Mingram, Jens A1 - Gleixner, Gerd A1 - Hettler-Riedel, Sabine A1 - Stebich, Martina A1 - Schnetger, Bernhard A1 - Schwalb, Antje A1 - Schwarz, Anja T1 - Climatic imprint of the mid-latitude Westerlies in the Central Tian Shan of Kyrgyzstan and teleconnections to North Atlantic climate variability during the last 6000 years JF - The Holocene : an interdisciplinary journal focusing on recent environmental change N2 - In general, a moderate drying trend is observed in mid-latitude arid Central Asia since the Mid-Holocene, attributed to the progressively weakening influence of the mid-latitude Westerlies on regional climate. However, as the spatio-temporal pattern of this development and the underlying climatic mechanisms are yet not fully understood, new high-resolution paleoclimate records from this region are needed. Within this study, a sediment core from Lake Son Kol (Central Kyrgyzstan) was investigated using sedimentological, (bio) geochemical, isotopic, and palynological analyses, aiming at reconstructing regional climate development during the last 6000 years. Biogeochemical data, mainly reflecting summer moisture conditions, indicate predominantly wet conditions until 4950 cal. yr BP, succeeded by a pronounced dry interval between 4950 and 3900 cal. yr BP. In the following, a return to wet conditions and a subsequent moderate drying trend until present times are observed. This is consistent with other regional paleoclimate records and likely reflects the gradual Late Holocene diminishment of the amount of summer moisture provided by the mid-latitude Westerlies. However, climate impact of the Westerlies was apparently not only restricted to the summer season but also significant during winter as indicated by recurrent episodes of enhanced allochthonous input through snowmelt, occurring before 6000 cal. yr BP and at 5100-4350, 3450-2850, and 1900-1500 cal. yr BP. The distinct similar to 1500year periodicity of these episodes of increased winter precipitation in Central Kyrgyzstan resembles similar cyclicities observed in paleoclimate records around the North Atlantic, likely indicating a hemispheric-scale climatic teleconnection and an impact of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability in Central Asia. KW - Central Asia KW - climate KW - Holocene KW - lake sediments KW - mid-latitude Westerlies KW - NAO Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614534741 SN - 0959-6836 SN - 1477-0911 VL - 24 IS - 8 SP - 970 EP - 984 PB - Sage Publ. CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lauterbach, Stefan A1 - Witt, Roman A1 - Plessen, Birgit A1 - Dulski, Peter A1 - Prasad, Sushma A1 - Mingram, Jens A1 - Gleixner, Gerd A1 - Hettler-Riedel, Sabine A1 - Stebich, Martina A1 - Schnetger, Bernhard A1 - Schwalb, Antje A1 - Schwarz, Anja T1 - Climatic imprint of the mid-latitude Westerlies in the Central Tian Shan of Kyrgyzstan and teleconnections to North Atlantic climate variability during the last 6000 years N2 - In general, a moderate drying trend is observed in mid-latitude arid Central Asia since the Mid-Holocene, attributed to the progressively weakening influence of the mid-latitude Westerlies on regional climate. However, as the spatio-temporal pattern of this development and the underlying climatic mechanisms are yet not fully understood, new high-resolution paleoclimate records from this region are needed. Within this study, a sediment core from Lake Son Kol (Central Kyrgyzstan) was investigated using sedimentological, (bio) geochemical, isotopic, and palynological analyses, aiming at reconstructing regional climate development during the last 6000 years. Biogeochemical data, mainly reflecting summer moisture conditions, indicate predominantly wet conditions until 4950 cal. yr BP, succeeded by a pronounced dry interval between 4950 and 3900 cal. yr BP. In the following, a return to wet conditions and a subsequent moderate drying trend until present times are observed. This is consistent with other regional paleoclimate records and likely reflects the gradual Late Holocene diminishment of the amount of summer moisture provided by the mid-latitude Westerlies. However, climate impact of the Westerlies was apparently not only restricted to the summer season but also significant during winter as indicated by recurrent episodes of enhanced allochthonous input through snowmelt, occurring before 6000 cal. yr BP and at 5100-4350, 3450-2850, and 1900-1500 cal. yr BP. The distinct similar to 1500year periodicity of these episodes of increased winter precipitation in Central Kyrgyzstan resembles similar cyclicities observed in paleoclimate records around the North Atlantic, likely indicating a hemispheric-scale climatic teleconnection and an impact of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability in Central Asia. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 408 KW - Central Asia KW - climate KW - Holocene KW - lake sediments KW - mid-latitude Westerlies KW - NAO Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404085 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martin-Puertas, Celia A1 - Lauterbach, Stefan A1 - Allen, Judy R. M. A1 - Perez, Marta A1 - Blockley, Simon A1 - Wulf, Sabine A1 - Huntley, Brian A1 - Brauer, Achim T1 - Initial Mediterranean response to major climate reorganization during the last interglacial-glacial transition JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - Millennial-scale Dansgaard Oeschger (DO) variability at northern high latitudes has influenced climatic and environmental conditions in the Mediterranean during the last glacial period. There is evidence that the hemispheric transmission of the DO variability occurred at the end of DO event 25; however, the exact timing and the trigger that activated the environmental response in the Mediterranean remains incompletely understood. Here, we provide evidence that the clear millennial-scale teleconnection between Greenland and the Mediterranean started at similar to 111.4 ka BP and was initiated by a sub-millennial scale cooling in Greenland (GI-25b). High-resolution sediment proxies and the pollen record of Lago Grande di Monticchio (MON), Italy, reflect climatic instability during the last millennium of the last interglacial, which was characterised by a first and short cooling episode (MON 1) at 111.44 +/- 0.69 ka BP, coinciding with the Greenland cold sub-event GI-25b in duration and timing (within dating uncertainties). MON and Greenland (NorthGRIP ice core) also agree in recording a subsequent warm rebound phase that abruptly culminated in the stadial MON 2/GS-25, marking the transition into the last glacial period. Our results show that the GI-25b triggered an early environmental response at MON to centennial-scale climate change in Greenland as a prelude to the millennial-scale teleconnection that was maintained during the glacial period. KW - Palaeoclimatology KW - Last interglacial-glacial transition KW - Millennial-scale variability KW - Mediterranean KW - Varved sediments Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.019 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 215 SP - 232 EP - 241 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Swierczynski, Tina A1 - Lauterbach, Stefan A1 - Dulski, Peter A1 - Delgado, Jose Miguel Martins A1 - Merz, Bruno A1 - Brauer, Achim T1 - Mid- to late holocene flood frequency changes in the northeastern Alps as recorded in varved sediments of Lake Mondsee (Upper Austria) JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - Annually laminated (varved) lake sediments with intercalated detrital layers resulting from sedimentary input by runoff events are ideal archives to establish precisely dated records of past extreme runoff events. In this study, the mid- to late Holocene varved sediments of Lake Mondsee (Upper Austria) were analysed by combining sedimentological, geophysical and geochemical methods. This approach allows to distinguish two types of detrital layers related to different types of extreme runoff events (floods and debris flows) and to detect changes in flood activity during the last 7100 years. In total, 271 flood and 47 debris flow layers, deposited during spring and summer, were identified, which cluster in 18 main flood episodes (FE 1-18) with durations of 30-50 years each. These main flood periods occurred during the Neolithic (7100-7050 vyr BP and 6470-4450 vyr BP), the late Bronze Age and the early Iron Age (3300-3250 and 2800-2750 vyr BP), the late Iron Age (2050-2000 vyr BP), throughout the Dark Ages Cold Period (1500-1200 vyr BP), and at the end of the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age (810-430 vyr BP). Summer flood episodes in Lake Mondsee are generally more abundant during the last 1500 years, often coinciding with major advances of Alpine glaciers. Prior to 1500 vyr BP, spring/summer floods and debris flows are generally less frequent, indicating a lower number of intense rainfall events that triggered erosion. In comparison with the increase of late Holocene flood activity in western and northwestern (NW) Europe, commencing already as early as 2800 yr BP, the hydro-meteorological shift in the Lake Mondsee region occurred much later. These time lags in the onset of increased hydrological activity might be either due to regional differences in atmospheric circulation pattern or to the sensitivity of the individual flood archives. The Lake Mondsee sediments represent the first precisely dated and several millennia long summer flood record for the northeastern (NE) Alps, a key region at the climatic boundary of Atlantic, Mediterranean and East European air masses, aiding a better understanding of regional and seasonal peculiarities of flood occurrence under changing climate conditions. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Varved lake sediments KW - Detrital layers KW - mu RF KW - Microfacies KW - Palaeofloods KW - Flood frequency Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.08.018 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 80 SP - 78 EP - 90 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER -