TY  - GEN
A1  - Arazi, Hamid
A1  - Asadi, Abbas
A1  - Khalkhali, Farhood
A1  - Boullosa, Daniel
A1  - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Zouhal, Hassane
T1  - Association Between the Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio and Injury Occurrence in Young Male Team Soccer Players
BT  - A Preliminary Study
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR), based upon participant session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), using two models [(1) rolling averages (ACWRRA); and (2) exponentially weighted moving averages (ACWREWMA)] and the injury rate in young male team soccer players aged 17.1 ± 0.7 years during a competitive mesocycle. Twenty-two players were enrolled in this study and performed four training sessions per week with 2 days of recovery and 1 match day per week. During each training session and each weekly match, training time and sRPE were recorded. In addition, training impulse (TRIMP), monotony, and strain were subsequently calculated. The rate of injury was recorded for each soccer player over a period of 4 weeks (i.e., 28 days) using a daily questionnaire. The results showed that over the course of the study, the number of non-contact injuries was significantly higher than that for contact injuries (2.5 vs. 0.5, p = 0.01). There were also significant positive correlations between sRPE and training time (r = 0.411, p = 0.039), ACWRRA (r = 0.47, p = 0.049), and ACWREWMA (r = 0.51, p = 0.038). In addition, small-to-medium correlations were detected between ACWR and non-contact injury occurrence (ACWRRA, r = 0.31, p = 0.05; ACWREWMA, r = 0.53, p = 0.03). Explained variance (r²) for non-contact injury was significantly greater using the ACWREWMA model (ranging between 21 and 52%) compared with ACWRRA (ranging between 17 and 39%). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the ACWREWMA model is more sensitive than ACWRRA to identify non-contact injury occurrence in male team soccer players during a short period in the competitive season.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 644 
KW  - training load
KW  - rate of perceived exertion
KW  - rolling averages
KW  - weighted moving averages
KW  - football
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472961
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 644
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Saidi, Karim
A1  - Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf
A1  - Boullosa, Daniel
A1  - Dupont, Grégory
A1  - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1  - Bideau, Benoit
A1  - Pavillon, Thomas
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Zouhal, Hassane
T1  - The Interplay Between Plasma Hormonal Concentrations, Physical Fitness, Workload and Mood State Changes to Periods of Congested Match Play in Professional Soccer Players
JF  - Frontiers in Physiology
N2  - Background: The regular assessment of hormonal and mood state parameters in professional soccer are proposed as good indicators during periods of intense training and/or competition to avoid overtraining.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze hormonal, psychological, workload and physical fitness parameters in elite soccer players in relation to changes in training and match exposure during a congested period of match play.

Methods: Sixteen elite soccer players from a team playing in the first Tunisian soccer league were evaluated three times (T1, T2, and T3) over 12 weeks. The non-congested period of match play was from T1 to T2, when the players played 6 games over 6 weeks. The congested period was from T2 to T3, when the players played 10 games over 6 weeks. From T1 to T3, players performed the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1), the repeated shuttle sprint ability test (RSSA), the countermovement jump test (CMJ), and the squat jump test (SJ). Plasma Cortisol (C), Testosterone (T), and the T/C ratio were analyzed at T1, T2, and T3. Players had their mood dimensions (tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion, and a Total Mood Disturbance) assessed through the Profile of Mood State questionnaire (POMS). Training session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) was also recorded on a daily basis in order to quantify internal training load and elements of monotony and strain.

Results: Significant performance declines (T1 < T2 < T3) were found for SJ performance (p = 0.04, effect size [ES] ES₁₋₂ = 0.15−0.06, ES₂₋₃ = 0.24) from T1 to T3. YYIR1 performance improved significantly from T1 to T2 and declined significantly from T2 to T3 (p = 0.001, ES₁₋₂ = 0.24, ES₂₋₃ = −2.54). Mean RSSA performance was significantly higher (p = 0.019, ES₁₋₂ = −0.47, ES₂₋₃ = 1.15) in T3 compared with T2 and T1. Best RSSA performance was significantly higher in T3 when compared with T2 and T1 (p = 0.006, ES₂₋₃ = 0.47, ES₁₋₂ = −0.56), but significantly lower in T2 when compared with to T1. T and T/C were significantly lower in T3 when compared with T2 and T1 (T: p = 0.03, ES₃₋₂ = −0.51, ES₃₋₁ = −0.51, T/C: p = 0.017, ES₃₋₂ = −1.1, ES₃₋₁ = −1.07). Significant decreases were found for the vigor scores in T3 when compared to T2 and T1 (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 0.31, ES₃₋₂ = −1.25). A significant increase was found in fatigue scores in T3 as compared to T1 and T2 (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 0.43, ES₂₋₃ = 0.81). A significant increase was found from T1 < T2 < T3 intension score (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 1.1, ES₂₋₃ = 0.2) and anger score (p = 0.03, ES₁₋₂ = 0.47, ES₂₋₃ = 0.33) over the study period. Total mood disturbance increased significantly (p = 0.02, ES₁₋₂ = 0.91, ES₂₋₃ = 1.1) from T1 to T3. Between T1-T2, significant relationships were observed between workload and changes in T (r = 0.66, p = 0.003), and T/C ratio (r = 0.62, p = 0.01). There were significant relationships between performance in RSSAbest and training load parameters (workload: r = 0.52, p = 0.03; monotony: r = 0.62, p = 0.01; strain: r = 0.62, p = 0.009). Between T2-T3, there was a significant relationship between Δ% of total mood disturbance and Δ% of YYIR1 (r = −0.54; p = 0.04), RSSAbest (r = 0.58, p = 0.01), SJ (r = −0,55, p = 0.01), T (r = 0.53; p = 0.03), and T/C (r = 0.5; p = 0.04).

Conclusion: An intensive period of congested match play significantly compromised elite soccer players’ physical and mental fitness. These changes were related to psychological but not hormonal parameters; even though significant alterations were detected for selected measures. Mood monitoring could be a simple and useful tool to determine the degree of preparedness for match play during a congested period in professional soccer.
KW  - training
KW  - hormones
KW  - overtraining
KW  - overreaching
KW  - recovery
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00835
SN  - 1664-042X
VL  - 11
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Saidi, Karim
A1  - Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf
A1  - Boullosa, Daniel
A1  - Dupont, Grégory
A1  - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1  - Bideau, Benoit
A1  - Pavillon, Thomas
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Zouhal, Hassane
T1  - The Interplay Between Plasma Hormonal Concentrations, Physical Fitness, Workload and Mood State Changes to Periods of Congested Match Play in Professional Soccer Players
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Background: The regular assessment of hormonal and mood state parameters in professional soccer are proposed as good indicators during periods of intense training and/or competition to avoid overtraining.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze hormonal, psychological, workload and physical fitness parameters in elite soccer players in relation to changes in training and match exposure during a congested period of match play.

Methods: Sixteen elite soccer players from a team playing in the first Tunisian soccer league were evaluated three times (T1, T2, and T3) over 12 weeks. The non-congested period of match play was from T1 to T2, when the players played 6 games over 6 weeks. The congested period was from T2 to T3, when the players played 10 games over 6 weeks. From T1 to T3, players performed the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1), the repeated shuttle sprint ability test (RSSA), the countermovement jump test (CMJ), and the squat jump test (SJ). Plasma Cortisol (C), Testosterone (T), and the T/C ratio were analyzed at T1, T2, and T3. Players had their mood dimensions (tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion, and a Total Mood Disturbance) assessed through the Profile of Mood State questionnaire (POMS). Training session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) was also recorded on a daily basis in order to quantify internal training load and elements of monotony and strain.

Results: Significant performance declines (T1 < T2 < T3) were found for SJ performance (p = 0.04, effect size [ES] ES₁₋₂ = 0.15−0.06, ES₂₋₃ = 0.24) from T1 to T3. YYIR1 performance improved significantly from T1 to T2 and declined significantly from T2 to T3 (p = 0.001, ES₁₋₂ = 0.24, ES₂₋₃ = −2.54). Mean RSSA performance was significantly higher (p = 0.019, ES₁₋₂ = −0.47, ES₂₋₃ = 1.15) in T3 compared with T2 and T1. Best RSSA performance was significantly higher in T3 when compared with T2 and T1 (p = 0.006, ES₂₋₃ = 0.47, ES₁₋₂ = −0.56), but significantly lower in T2 when compared with to T1. T and T/C were significantly lower in T3 when compared with T2 and T1 (T: p = 0.03, ES₃₋₂ = −0.51, ES₃₋₁ = −0.51, T/C: p = 0.017, ES₃₋₂ = −1.1, ES₃₋₁ = −1.07). Significant decreases were found for the vigor scores in T3 when compared to T2 and T1 (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 0.31, ES₃₋₂ = −1.25). A significant increase was found in fatigue scores in T3 as compared to T1 and T2 (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 0.43, ES₂₋₃ = 0.81). A significant increase was found from T1 < T2 < T3 intension score (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 1.1, ES₂₋₃ = 0.2) and anger score (p = 0.03, ES₁₋₂ = 0.47, ES₂₋₃ = 0.33) over the study period. Total mood disturbance increased significantly (p = 0.02, ES₁₋₂ = 0.91, ES₂₋₃ = 1.1) from T1 to T3. Between T1-T2, significant relationships were observed between workload and changes in T (r = 0.66, p = 0.003), and T/C ratio (r = 0.62, p = 0.01). There were significant relationships between performance in RSSAbest and training load parameters (workload: r = 0.52, p = 0.03; monotony: r = 0.62, p = 0.01; strain: r = 0.62, p = 0.009). Between T2-T3, there was a significant relationship between Δ% of total mood disturbance and Δ% of YYIR1 (r = −0.54; p = 0.04), RSSAbest (r = 0.58, p = 0.01), SJ (r = −0,55, p = 0.01), T (r = 0.53; p = 0.03), and T/C (r = 0.5; p = 0.04).

Conclusion: An intensive period of congested match play significantly compromised elite soccer players’ physical and mental fitness. These changes were related to psychological but not hormonal parameters; even though significant alterations were detected for selected measures. Mood monitoring could be a simple and useful tool to determine the degree of preparedness for match play during a congested period in professional soccer.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 660 
KW  - training
KW  - hormones
KW  - overtraining
KW  - overreaching
KW  - recovery
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-479259
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 660
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Pavillon, Thomas
A1  - Tourny, Claire
A1  - Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf
A1  - Salhi, Iyed
A1  - Zouita, Sghaeir
A1  - Rouissi, Mehdi
A1  - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Zouhal, Hassane
T1  - Sprint and jump performances in highly trained young soccer players of different chronological age
BT  - Effects of linear VS. CHANGE–OF–DIRECTION sprint training
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two different sprint-training regimes on sprint and jump performances according to age in elite young male soccer players over the course of one soccer season.

Methods
Players were randomly assigned to two training groups. Group 1 performed systematic change-of-direction sprints (CODST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 10]) while group 2 conducted systematic linear sprints (LST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 9]). Training volumes were similar between groups (40 sprints per week x 30 weeks = 1200 sprints per season). Pre and post training, all players performed tests for the assessment of linear and slalom sprint speed (5-m and 10-m), countermovement jump, and maximal aerobic speed performance.

Results
For all physical fitness measures, the baseline-adjusted means data (ANCOVA) across the age groups showed no significant differences between LST and CODST at post (0.061 < p < 0.995; 0.0017 < d < 1.01). The analyses of baseline-adjusted means for all physical fitness measures for U15, U17, and U19 (LST vs. CODST) revealed no significant differences between LST and CODST for U15 (0.213 < p < 0.917; 0.001 < d < 0.087), U17 (0.132 < p < 0.976; 0.001 < d < 0.310), and U19 (0.300 < p < 0.999; 0.001 < d < 0.049) at post.

Conclusions
The results from this study showed that both, LST and CODST induced significant changes in the sprint, lower limbs power, and aerobic performances in young elite soccer players. Since no significant differences were observed between LST and CODST, the observed changes are most likely due to training and/or maturation. Therefore, more research is needed to elucidate whether CODST, LST or a combination of both is beneficial for youth soccer athletes’ performance development.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 697 
KW  - Football
KW  - Repeated sprint
KW  - Performance
KW  - Speed
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-490557
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 697
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pavillon, Thomas
A1  - Tourny, Claire
A1  - Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf
A1  - Salhi, Iyed
A1  - Zouita, Sghaeir
A1  - Rouissi, Mehdi
A1  - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Zouhal, Hassane
T1  - Sprint and jump performances in highly trained young soccer players of different chronological age
BT  - Effects of linear VS. CHANGE–OF–DIRECTION sprint training
JF  - Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness
N2  - Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two different sprint-training regimes on sprint and jump performances according to age in elite young male soccer players over the course of one soccer season.

Methods
Players were randomly assigned to two training groups. Group 1 performed systematic change-of-direction sprints (CODST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 10]) while group 2 conducted systematic linear sprints (LST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 9]). Training volumes were similar between groups (40 sprints per week x 30 weeks = 1200 sprints per season). Pre and post training, all players performed tests for the assessment of linear and slalom sprint speed (5-m and 10-m), countermovement jump, and maximal aerobic speed performance.

Results
For all physical fitness measures, the baseline-adjusted means data (ANCOVA) across the age groups showed no significant differences between LST and CODST at post (0.061 < p < 0.995; 0.0017 < d < 1.01). The analyses of baseline-adjusted means for all physical fitness measures for U15, U17, and U19 (LST vs. CODST) revealed no significant differences between LST and CODST for U15 (0.213 < p < 0.917; 0.001 < d < 0.087), U17 (0.132 < p < 0.976; 0.001 < d < 0.310), and U19 (0.300 < p < 0.999; 0.001 < d < 0.049) at post.

Conclusions
The results from this study showed that both, LST and CODST induced significant changes in the sprint, lower limbs power, and aerobic performances in young elite soccer players. Since no significant differences were observed between LST and CODST, the observed changes are most likely due to training and/or maturation. Therefore, more research is needed to elucidate whether CODST, LST or a combination of both is beneficial for youth soccer athletes’ performance development.
KW  - Football
KW  - Repeated sprint
KW  - Performance
KW  - Speed
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2020.10.003
SN  - 1728-869x
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
SP  - 81
EP  - 90
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Singapore
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Smirnov, Artem G.
A1  - Kronberg, Elena A.
A1  - Daly, Patrick W.
A1  - Aseev, Nikita
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
T1  - Adiabatic Invariants Calculations for Cluster Mission: A Long-Term Product for Radiation Belts Studies
JF  - Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
N2  - The Cluster mission has produced a large data set of electron flux measurements in the Earth's magnetosphere since its launch in late 2000. Electron fluxes are measured using Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detector (RAPID)/Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) detector as a function of energy, pitch angle, spacecraft position, and time. However, no adiabatic invariants have been calculated for Cluster so far. In this paper we present a step-by-step guide to calculations of adiabatic invariants and conversion of the electron flux to phase space density (PSD) in these coordinates. The electron flux is measured in two RAPID/IES energy channels providing pitch angle distribution at energies 39.2-50.5 and 68.1-94.5 keV in nominal mode since 2004. A fitting method allows to expand the conversion of the differential fluxes to the range from 40 to 150 keV. Best data coverage for phase space density in adiabatic invariant coordinates can be obtained for values of second adiabatic invariant, K, similar to 10(2), and values of the first adiabatic invariant mu in the range approximate to 5-20 MeV/G. Furthermore, we describe the production of a new data product "LSTAR," equivalent to the third adiabatic invariant, available through the Cluster Science Archive for years 2001-2018 with 1-min resolution. The produced data set adds to the availability of observations in Earth's radiation belts region and can be used for long-term statistical purposes.
KW  - L-Asterisk
KW  - magnetosphere
KW  - electrons
KW  - model
Y1  - 2019
VL  - 125
IS  - 2
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY  - New Jersey
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Smirnov, Artem G.
A1  - Kronberg, Elena A.
A1  - Daly, Patrick W.
A1  - Aseev, Nikita
A1  - Shprits, Yuri
A1  - Kellerman, Adam C.
T1  - Adiabatic Invariants Calculations for Cluster Mission: A Long-Term Product for Radiation Belts Studies
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The Cluster mission has produced a large data set of electron flux measurements in the Earth's magnetosphere since its launch in late 2000. Electron fluxes are measured using Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detector (RAPID)/Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) detector as a function of energy, pitch angle, spacecraft position, and time. However, no adiabatic invariants have been calculated for Cluster so far. In this paper we present a step-by-step guide to calculations of adiabatic invariants and conversion of the electron flux to phase space density (PSD) in these coordinates. The electron flux is measured in two RAPID/IES energy channels providing pitch angle distribution at energies 39.2-50.5 and 68.1-94.5 keV in nominal mode since 2004. A fitting method allows to expand the conversion of the differential fluxes to the range from 40 to 150 keV. Best data coverage for phase space density in adiabatic invariant coordinates can be obtained for values of second adiabatic invariant, K, similar to 10(2), and values of the first adiabatic invariant mu in the range approximate to 5-20 MeV/G. Furthermore, we describe the production of a new data product "LSTAR," equivalent to the third adiabatic invariant, available through the Cluster Science Archive for years 2001-2018 with 1-min resolution. The produced data set adds to the availability of observations in Earth's radiation belts region and can be used for long-term statistical purposes.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1192 
KW  - L-Asterisk
KW  - magnetosphere
KW  - electrons
KW  - model
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-523915
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 2
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jiang, Wei
A1  - Tao, Chen
A1  - Stolterfoht, Martin
A1  - Jin, Hui
A1  - Stephen, Meera
A1  - Lin, Qianqian
A1  - Nagiri, Ravi C. R.
A1  - Burn, Paul L.
A1  - Gentle, Ian R.
T1  - Hole-transporting materials for low donor content organic solar cells
BT  - charge transport and device performance
JF  - Organic electronics : physics, materials and applications
N2  - Low donor content solar cells are an intriguing class of photovoltaic device about which there is still considerable discussion with respect to their mode of operation. We have synthesized a series of triphenylamine-based materials for use in low donor content devices with the electron accepting [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC(7)0BM). The triphenylamine-based materials absorb light in the near UV enabling the PC(7)0BM to be be the main light absorbing organic semiconducting material in the solar cell. It was found that the devices did not operate as classical Schottky junctions but rather photocurrent was generated by hole transfer from the photo-excited PC(7)0BM to the triphenylamine-based donors. We found that replacing the methoxy surface groups with methyl groups on the donor material led to a decrease in hole mobility for the neat films, which was due to the methyl substituted materials having the propensity to aggregate. The thermodynamic drive to aggregate was advantageous for the performance of the low donor content (6 wt%) films. It was found that the 6 wt% donor devices generally gave higher performance than devices containing 50 wt% of the donor.
KW  - photoexcited hole transfer
KW  - photocurrent generation
KW  - synthesis
KW  - hole
KW  - mobility
KW  - low donor content
KW  - Schottky junction
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105480
SN  - 1566-1199
SN  - 1878-5530
VL  - 76
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Schulze, Patricia S. C.
A1  - Bett, Alexander J.
A1  - Bivour, Martin
A1  - Caprioglio, Pietro
A1  - Gerspacher, Fabian M.
A1  - Kabaklı, Özde Ş.
A1  - Richter, Armin
A1  - Stolterfoht, Martin
A1  - Zhang, Qinxin
A1  - Neher, Dieter
A1  - Hermle, Martin
A1  - Hillebrecht, Harald
A1  - Glunz, Stefan W.
A1  - Goldschmidt, Jan Christoph
T1  - 25.1% high-efficiency monolithic perovskite silicon tandem solar cell with a high bandgap perovskite absorber
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Monolithic perovskite silicon tandem solar cells can overcome the theoretical efficiency limit of silicon solar cells. This requires an optimum bandgap, high quantum efficiency, and high stability of the perovskite. Herein, a silicon heterojunction bottom cell is combined with a perovskite top cell, with an optimum bandgap of 1.68 eV in planar p-i-n tandem configuration. A methylammonium-free FA(0.75)Cs(0.25)Pb(I0.8Br0.2)(3) perovskite with high Cs content is investigated for improved stability. A 10% molarity increase to 1.1 m of the perovskite precursor solution results in approximate to 75 nm thicker absorber layers and 0.7 mA cm(-2) higher short-circuit current density. With the optimized absorber, tandem devices reach a high fill factor of 80% and up to 25.1% certified efficiency. The unencapsulated tandem device shows an efficiency improvement of 2.3% (absolute) over 5 months, showing the robustness of the absorber against degradation. Moreover, a photoluminescence quantum yield analysis reveals that with adapted charge transport materials and surface passivation, along with improved antireflection measures, the high bandgap perovskite absorber has the potential for 30% tandem efficiency in the near future.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1197 
KW  - heterojunction silicon solar cells
KW  - interfaces
KW  - perovskite solar cells
KW  - tandem solar cells
KW  - thin films
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-525668
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 7
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schulze, Patricia S. C.
A1  - Bett, Alexander J.
A1  - Bivour, Martin
A1  - Caprioglio, Pietro
A1  - Gerspacher, Fabian M.
A1  - Kabaklı, Özde Ş.
A1  - Richter, Armin
A1  - Stolterfoht, Martin
A1  - Zhang, Qinxin
A1  - Neher, Dieter
A1  - Hermle, Martin
A1  - Hillebrecht, Harald
A1  - Glunz, Stefan W.
A1  - Goldschmidt, Jan Christoph
T1  - 25.1% high-efficiency monolithic perovskite silicon tandem solar cell with a high bandgap perovskite absorber
JF  - Solar RRL
N2  - Monolithic perovskite silicon tandem solar cells can overcome the theoretical efficiency limit of silicon solar cells. This requires an optimum bandgap, high quantum efficiency, and high stability of the perovskite. Herein, a silicon heterojunction bottom cell is combined with a perovskite top cell, with an optimum bandgap of 1.68 eV in planar p-i-n tandem configuration. A methylammonium-free FA(0.75)Cs(0.25)Pb(I0.8Br0.2)(3) perovskite with high Cs content is investigated for improved stability. A 10% molarity increase to 1.1 m of the perovskite precursor solution results in approximate to 75 nm thicker absorber layers and 0.7 mA cm(-2) higher short-circuit current density. With the optimized absorber, tandem devices reach a high fill factor of 80% and up to 25.1% certified efficiency. The unencapsulated tandem device shows an efficiency improvement of 2.3% (absolute) over 5 months, showing the robustness of the absorber against degradation. Moreover, a photoluminescence quantum yield analysis reveals that with adapted charge transport materials and surface passivation, along with improved antireflection measures, the high bandgap perovskite absorber has the potential for 30% tandem efficiency in the near future.
KW  - heterojunction silicon solar cells
KW  - interfaces
KW  - perovskite solar cells
KW  - tandem solar cells
KW  - thin films
Y1  - 2020
VL  - 4
IS  - 7
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY  - New Jersey
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Seroussi, Helene
A1  - Nowicki, Sophie
A1  - Payne, Antony J.
A1  - Goelzer, Heiko
A1  - Lipscomb, William H.
A1  - Abe-Ouchi, Ayako
A1  - Agosta, Cecile
A1  - Albrecht, Torsten
A1  - Asay-Davis, Xylar
A1  - Barthel, Alice
A1  - Calov, Reinhard
A1  - Cullather, Richard
A1  - Dumas, Christophe
A1  - Galton-Fenzi, Benjamin K.
A1  - Gladstone, Rupert
A1  - Golledge, Nicholas R.
A1  - Gregory, Jonathan M.
A1  - Greve, Ralf
A1  - Hattermann, Tore
A1  - Hoffman, Matthew J.
A1  - Humbert, Angelika
A1  - Huybrechts, Philippe
A1  - Jourdain, Nicolas C.
A1  - Kleiner, Thomas
A1  - Larour, Eric
A1  - Leguy, Gunter R.
A1  - Lowry, Daniel P.
A1  - Little, Chistopher M.
A1  - Morlighem, Mathieu
A1  - Pattyn, Frank
A1  - Pelle, Tyler
A1  - Price, Stephen F.
A1  - Quiquet, Aurelien
A1  - Reese, Ronja
A1  - Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne
A1  - Shepherd, Andrew
A1  - Simon, Erika
A1  - Smith, Robin S.
A1  - Straneo, Fiammetta
A1  - Sun, Sainan
A1  - Trusel, Luke D.
A1  - Van Breedam, Jonas
A1  - van de Wal, Roderik S. W.
A1  - Winkelmann, Ricarda
A1  - Zhao, Chen
A1  - Zhang, Tong
A1  - Zwinger, Thomas
T1  - ISMIP6 Antarctica
BT  - a multi-model ensemble of the Antarctic ice sheet evolution over the 21st century
JF  - The Cryosphere : TC ; an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union
N2  - Ice flow models of the Antarctic ice sheet are commonly used to simulate its future evolution in response to different climate scenarios and assess the mass loss that would contribute to future sea level rise. However, there is currently no consensus on estimates of the future mass balance of the ice sheet, primarily because of differences in the representation of physical processes, forcings employed and initial states of ice sheet models. This study presents results from ice flow model simulations from 13 international groups focusing on the evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet during the period 2015-2100 as part of the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison for CMIP6 (ISMIP6). They are forced with outputs from a subset of models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), representative of the spread in climate model results. Simulations of the Antarctic ice sheet contribution to sea level rise in response to increased warming during this period varies between 7:8 and 30.0 cm of sea level equivalent (SLE) under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario forcing. These numbers are relative to a control experiment with constant climate conditions and should therefore be added to the mass loss contribution under climate conditions similar to present-day conditions over the same period. The simulated evolution of the West Antarctic ice sheet varies widely among models, with an overall mass loss, up to 18.0 cm SLE, in response to changes in oceanic conditions. East Antarctica mass change varies between 6 :1 and 8.3 cm SLE in the simulations, with a significant increase in surface mass balance outweighing the increased ice discharge under most RCP 8.5 scenario forcings. The inclusion of ice shelf collapse, here assumed to be caused by large amounts of liquid water ponding at the surface of ice shelves, yields an additional simulated mass loss of 28mm compared to simulations without ice shelf collapse. The largest sources of uncertainty come from the climate forcing, the ocean-induced melt rates, the calibration of these melt rates based on oceanic conditions taken outside of ice shelf cavities and the ice sheet dynamic response to these oceanic changes. Results under RCP 2.6 scenario based on two CMIP5 climate models show an additional mass loss of 0 and 3 cm of SLE on average compared to simulations done under present-day conditions for the two CMIP5 forcings used and display limited mass gain in East Antarctica.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3033-2020
SN  - 1994-0416
SN  - 1994-0424
VL  - 14
IS  - 9
SP  - 3033
EP  - 3070
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Gorski, Mathias
A1  - Jung, Bettina
A1  - Li, Yong
A1  - Matias-Garcia, Pamela R.
A1  - Wuttke, Matthias
A1  - Coassin, Stefan
A1  - Thio, Chris H. L.
A1  - Kleber, Marcus E.
A1  - Winkler, Thomas W.
A1  - Wanner, Veronika
A1  - Chai, Jin-Fang
A1  - Chu, Audrey Y.
A1  - Cocca, Massimiliano
A1  - Feitosa, Mary F.
A1  - Ghasemi, Sahar
A1  - Hoppmann, Anselm
A1  - Horn, Katrin
A1  - Li, Man
A1  - Nutile, Teresa
A1  - Scholz, Markus
A1  - Sieber, Karsten B.
A1  - Teumer, Alexander
A1  - Tin, Adrienne
A1  - Wang, Judy
A1  - Tayo, Bamidele O.
A1  - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S.
A1  - Almgren, Peter
A1  - Bakker, Stephan J. L.
A1  - Banas, Bernhard
A1  - Bansal, Nisha
A1  - Biggs, Mary L.
A1  - Boerwinkle, Eric
A1  - Böttinger, Erwin
A1  - Brenner, Hermann
A1  - Carroll, Robert J.
A1  - Chalmers, John
A1  - Chee, Miao-Li
A1  - Chee, Miao-Ling
A1  - Cheng, Ching-Yu
A1  - Coresh, Josef
A1  - de Borst, Martin H.
A1  - Degenhardt, Frauke
A1  - Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
A1  - Endlich, Karlhans
A1  - Franke, Andre
A1  - Freitag-Wolf, Sandra
A1  - Gampawar, Piyush
A1  - Gansevoort, Ron T.
A1  - Ghanbari, Mohsen
A1  - Gieger, Christian
A1  - Hamet, Pavel
A1  - Ho, Kevin
A1  - Hofer, Edith
A1  - Holleczek, Bernd
A1  - Foo, Valencia Hui Xian
A1  - Hutri-Kahonen, Nina
A1  - Hwang, Shih-Jen
A1  - Ikram, M. Arfan
A1  - Josyula, Navya Shilpa
A1  - Kahonen, Mika
A1  - Khor, Chiea-Chuen
A1  - Koenig, Wolfgang
A1  - Kramer, Holly
A1  - Kraemer, Bernhard K.
A1  - Kuehnel, Brigitte
A1  - Lange, Leslie A.
A1  - Lehtimaki, Terho
A1  - Lieb, Wolfgang
A1  - Loos, Ruth J. F.
A1  - Lukas, Mary Ann
A1  - Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka
A1  - Meisinger, Christa
A1  - Meitinger, Thomas
A1  - Melander, Olle
A1  - Milaneschi, Yuri
A1  - Mishra, Pashupati P.
A1  - Mononen, Nina
A1  - Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.
A1  - Nadkarni, Girish N.
A1  - Nauck, Matthias
A1  - Nikus, Kjell
A1  - Ning, Boting
A1  - Nolte, Ilja M.
A1  - O'Donoghue, Michelle L.
A1  - Orho-Melander, Marju
A1  - Pendergrass, Sarah A.
A1  - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
A1  - Preuss, Michael H.
A1  - Psaty, Bruce M.
A1  - Raffield, Laura M.
A1  - Raitakari, Olli T.
A1  - Rettig, Rainer
A1  - Rheinberger, Myriam
A1  - Rice, Kenneth M.
A1  - Rosenkranz, Alexander R.
A1  - Rossing, Peter
A1  - Rotter, Jerome
A1  - Sabanayagam, Charumathi
A1  - Schmidt, Helena
A1  - Schmidt, Reinhold
A1  - Schoettker, Ben
A1  - Schulz, Christina-Alexandra
A1  - Sedaghat, Sanaz
A1  - Shaffer, Christian M.
A1  - Strauch, Konstantin
A1  - Szymczak, Silke
A1  - Taylor, Kent D.
A1  - Tremblay, Johanne
A1  - Chaker, Layal
A1  - van der Harst, Pim
A1  - van der Most, Peter J.
A1  - Verweij, Niek
A1  - Voelker, Uwe
A1  - Waldenberger, Melanie
A1  - Wallentin, Lars
A1  - Waterworth, Dawn M.
A1  - White, Harvey D.
A1  - Wilson, James G.
A1  - Wong, Tien-Yin
A1  - Woodward, Mark
A1  - Yang, Qiong
A1  - Yasuda, Masayuki
A1  - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M.
A1  - Zhang, Yan
A1  - Snieder, Harold
A1  - Wanner, Christoph
A1  - Boger, Carsten A.
A1  - Kottgen, Anna
A1  - Kronenberg, Florian
A1  - Pattaro, Cristian
A1  - Heid, Iris M.
T1  - Meta-analysis uncovers genome-wide significant variants for rapid kidney function decline
T2  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakultät
N2  - Rapid decline of glomerular filtration rate estimated from creatinine (eGFRcrea) is associated with severe clinical endpoints. In contrast to cross-sectionally assessed eGFRcrea, the genetic basis for rapid eGFRcrea decline is largely unknown. To help define this, we meta-analyzed 42 genome-wide association studies from the Chronic Kidney Diseases Genetics Consortium and United Kingdom Biobank to identify genetic loci for rapid eGFRcrea decline. Two definitions of eGFRcrea decline were used: 3 mL/min/1.73m(2)/year or more ("Rapid3"; encompassing 34,874 cases, 107,090 controls) and eGFRcrea decline 25% or more and eGFRcrea under 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) at follow-up among those with eGFRcrea 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) or more at baseline ("CKDi25"; encompassing 19,901 cases, 175,244 controls). Seven independent variants were identified across six loci for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25: consisting of five variants at four loci with genome-wide significance (near UMOD-PDILT (2), PRKAG2, WDR72, OR2S2) and two variants among 265 known eGFRcrea variants (near GATM, LARP4B). All these loci were novel for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25 and our bioinformatic follow-up prioritized variants and genes underneath these loci. The OR2S2 locus is novel for any eGFRcrea trait including interesting candidates. For the five genome-wide significant lead variants, we found supporting effects for annual change in blood urea nitrogen or cystatin-based eGFR, but not for GATM or (LARP4B). Individuals at high compared to those at low genetic risk (8-14 vs. 0-5 adverse alleles) had a 1.20-fold increased risk of acute kidney injury (95% confidence interval 1.08-1.33). Thus, our identified loci for rapid kidney function decline may help prioritize therapeutic targets and identify mechanisms and individuals at risk for sustained deterioration of kidney function.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakultät - 19 
KW  - acute kidney injury
KW  - end-stage kidney disease
KW  - genome-wide association
KW  - study
KW  - rapid eGFRcrea decline
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-565379
IS  - 19
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rothwell, Joseph A.
A1  - Murphy, Neil
A1  - Aleksandrova, Krasimira
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Bešević, Jelena
A1  - Kliemann, Nathalie
A1  - Jenab, Mazda
A1  - Ferrari, Pietro
A1  - Achaintre, David
A1  - Gicquiau, Audrey
A1  - Vozar, Béatrice
A1  - Scalbert, Augustin
A1  - Huybrechts, Inge
A1  - Freisling, Heinz
A1  - Prehn, Cornelia
A1  - Adamski, Jerzy
A1  - Cross, Amanda J.
A1  - Pala, Valeria Maria
A1  - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
A1  - Dahm, Christina C.
A1  - Overvad, Kim
A1  - Gram, Inger Torhild
A1  - Sandanger, Torkjel M.
A1  - Skeie, Guri
A1  - Jakszyn, Paula
A1  - Tsilidis, Kostas K.
A1  - Hughes, David J.
A1  - van Guelpen, Bethany
A1  - Bodén, Stina
A1  - Sánchez, Maria-José
A1  - Schmidt, Julie A.
A1  - Katzke, Verena
A1  - Kühn, Tilman
A1  - Colorado-Yohar, Sandra
A1  - Tumino, Rosario
A1  - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
A1  - Vineis, Paolo
A1  - Masala, Giovanna
A1  - Panico, Salvatore
A1  - Eriksen, Anne Kirstine
A1  - Tjønneland, Anne
A1  - Aune, Dagfinn
A1  - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1  - Severi, Gianluca
A1  - Chajès, Véronique
A1  - Gunter, Marc J.
T1  - Metabolic signatures of healthy lifestyle patterns and colorectal cancer risk in a European cohort
JF  - Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology
N2  - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colorectal cancer risk can be lowered by adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) guidelines. We derived metabolic signatures of adherence to these guidelines and tested their associations with colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort.

METHODS: Scores reflecting adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (scale, 1-5) were calculated from participant data on weight maintenance, physical activity, diet, and alcohol among a discovery set of 5738 cancer-free European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition participants with metabolomics data. Partial least-squares regression was used to derive fatty acid and endogenous metabolite signatures of the WCRF/AICR score in this group. In an independent set of 1608 colorectal cancer cases and matched controls, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated for colorectal cancer risk per unit increase in WCRF/AICR score and per the corresponding change in metabolic signatures using multivariable conditional logistic regression.

RESULTS: Higher WCRF/AICR scores were characterized by metabolic signatures of increased odd-chain fatty acids, serine, glycine, and specific phosphatidylcholines. Signatures were inversely associated more strongly with colorectal cancer risk (fatty acids: OR, 0.51 per unit increase; 95% CI, 0.29-0.90; endogenous metabolites: OR, 0.62 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.50-0.78) than the WCRF/AICR score (OR, 0.93 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.86-1.00) overall. Signature associations were stronger in male compared with female participants.

CONCLUSIONS: Metabolite profiles reflecting adherence to WCRF/AICR guidelines and additional lifestyle or biological risk factors were associated with colorectal cancer. Measuring a specific panel of metabolites representative of a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle may identify strata of the population at higher risk of colorectal cancer.
KW  - colorectal neoplasm
KW  - risk factors
KW  - World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations
KW  - targeted metabolomics
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.11.045
SN  - 1542-3565
SN  - 1542-7714
VL  - 20
SP  - E1061
EP  - E1082
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Barbolini, Natasha
A1  - Woutersen, Amber
A1  - Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume
A1  - Silvestro, Daniele
A1  - Tardif-Becquet, Delphine
A1  - Coster, Pauline M. C.
A1  - Meijer, Niels
A1  - Chang, Cun
A1  - Zhang, Hou-Xi
A1  - Licht, Alexis
A1  - Rydin, Catarina
A1  - Koutsodendris, Andreas
A1  - Han, Fang
A1  - Rohrmann, Alexander
A1  - Liu, Xiang-Jun
A1  - Zhang, Y.
A1  - Donnadieu, Yannick
A1  - Fluteau, Frederic
A1  - Ladant, Jean-Baptiste
A1  - Le Hir, Guillaume
A1  - Hoorn, M. Carina
T1  - Cenozoic evolution of the steppe-desert biome in Central Asia
JF  - Science Advances
N2  - The origins and development of the arid and highly seasonal steppe-desert biome in Central Asia, the largest of its kind in the world, remain largely unconstrained by existing records. It is unclear how Cenozoic climatic, geological, and biological forces, acting at diverse spatial and temporal scales, shaped Central Asian ecosystems through time. Our synthesis shows that the Central Asian steppe-desert has existed since at least Eocene times but experienced no less than two regime shifts, one at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition and one in the mid-Miocene. These shifts separated three successive "stable states," each characterized by unique floral and faunal structures. Past responses to disturbance in the Asian steppe-desert imply that modern ecosystems are unlikely to recover their present structures and diversity if forced into a new regime. This is of concern for Asian steppes today, which are being modified for human use and lost to desertification at unprecedented rates.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb8227
SN  - 2375-2548
VL  - 6
IS  - 41
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Vaid, Akhil
A1  - Somani, Sulaiman
A1  - Russak, Adam J.
A1  - De Freitas, Jessica K.
A1  - Chaudhry, Fayzan F.
A1  - Paranjpe, Ishan
A1  - Johnson, Kipp W.
A1  - Lee, Samuel J.
A1  - Miotto, Riccardo
A1  - Richter, Felix
A1  - Zhao, Shan
A1  - Beckmann, Noam D.
A1  - Naik, Nidhi
A1  - Kia, Arash
A1  - Timsina, Prem
A1  - Lala, Anuradha
A1  - Paranjpe, Manish
A1  - Golden, Eddye
A1  - Danieletto, Matteo
A1  - Singh, Manbir
A1  - Meyer, Dara
A1  - O'Reilly, Paul F.
A1  - Huckins, Laura
A1  - Kovatch, Patricia
A1  - Finkelstein, Joseph
A1  - Freeman, Robert M.
A1  - Argulian, Edgar
A1  - Kasarskis, Andrew
A1  - Percha, Bethany
A1  - Aberg, Judith A.
A1  - Bagiella, Emilia
A1  - Horowitz, Carol R.
A1  - Murphy, Barbara
A1  - Nestler, Eric J.
A1  - Schadt, Eric E.
A1  - Cho, Judy H.
A1  - Cordon-Cardo, Carlos
A1  - Fuster, Valentin
A1  - Charney, Dennis S.
A1  - Reich, David L.
A1  - Böttinger, Erwin
A1  - Levin, Matthew A.
A1  - Narula, Jagat
A1  - Fayad, Zahi A.
A1  - Just, Allan C.
A1  - Charney, Alexander W.
A1  - Nadkarni, Girish N.
A1  - Glicksberg, Benjamin S.
T1  - Machine learning to predict mortality and critical events in a cohort of patients with COVID-19 in New York City: model development and validation
JF  - Journal of medical internet research : international scientific journal for medical research, information and communication on the internet ; JMIR
N2  - Background:
COVID-19 has infected millions of people worldwide and is responsible for several hundred thousand fatalities. The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated thoughtful resource allocation and early identification of high-risk patients. However, effective methods to meet these needs are lacking.

Objective:
The aims of this study were to analyze the electronic health records (EHRs) of patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were admitted to hospitals in the Mount Sinai Health System in New York City; to develop machine learning models for making predictions about the hospital course of the patients over clinically meaningful time horizons based on patient characteristics at admission; and to assess the performance of these models at multiple hospitals and time points. 

Methods:
We used Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and baseline comparator models to predict in-hospital mortality and critical events at time windows of 3, 5, 7, and 10 days from admission. Our study population included harmonized EHR data from five hospitals in New York City for 4098 COVID-19-positive patients admitted from March 15 to May 22, 2020. The models were first trained on patients from a single hospital (n=1514) before or on May 1, externally validated on patients from four other hospitals (n=2201) before or on May 1, and prospectively validated on all patients after May 1 (n=383). Finally, we established model interpretability to identify and rank variables that drive model predictions.

Results:
Upon cross-validation, the XGBoost classifier outperformed baseline models, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) for mortality of 0.89 at 3 days, 0.85 at 5 and 7 days, and 0.84 at 10 days. XGBoost also performed well for critical event prediction, with an AUC-ROC of 0.80 at 3 days, 0.79 at 5 days, 0.80 at 7 days, and 0.81 at 10 days. In external validation, XGBoost achieved an AUC-ROC of 0.88 at 3 days, 0.86 at 5 days, 0.86 at 7 days, and 0.84 at 10 days for mortality prediction. Similarly, the unimputed XGBoost model achieved an AUC-ROC of 0.78 at 3 days, 0.79 at 5 days, 0.80 at 7 days, and 0.81 at 10 days. Trends in performance on prospective validation sets were similar. At 7 days, acute kidney injury on admission, elevated LDH, tachypnea, and hyperglycemia were the strongest drivers of critical event prediction, while higher age, anion gap, and C-reactive protein were the strongest drivers of mortality prediction. 

Conclusions:
We externally and prospectively trained and validated machine learning models for mortality and critical events for patients with COVID-19 at different time horizons. These models identified at-risk patients and uncovered underlying relationships that predicted outcomes.
KW  - machine learning
KW  - COVID-19
KW  - electronic health record
KW  - TRIPOD
KW  - clinical
KW  - informatics
KW  - prediction
KW  - mortality
KW  - EHR
KW  - cohort
KW  - hospital
KW  - performance
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.2196/24018
SN  - 1439-4456
SN  - 1438-8871
VL  - 22
IS  - 11
PB  - Healthcare World
CY  - Richmond, Va.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Abdalla, H.
A1  - Adam, R.
A1  - Aharonian, Felix A.
A1  - Benkhali, F. Ait
A1  - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
A1  - Arcaro, C.
A1  - Armand, C.
A1  - Armstrong, T.
A1  - Ashkar, H.
A1  - Backes, M.
A1  - Baghmanyan, V.
A1  - Martins, V. Barbosa
A1  - Barnacka, A.
A1  - Barnard, M.
A1  - Becherini, Y.
A1  - Berge, D.
A1  - Bernlohr, K.
A1  - Bi, B.
A1  - Bottcher, M.
A1  - Boisson, C.
A1  - Bolmont, J.
A1  - de Lavergne, M. de Bony
A1  - Bordas, Pol
A1  - Breuhaus, M.
A1  - Brun, F.
A1  - Brun, P.
A1  - Bryan, M.
A1  - Buchele, M.
A1  - Bulik, T.
A1  - Bylund, T.
A1  - Caroff, S.
A1  - Carosi, A.
A1  - Casanova, Sabrina
A1  - Chand, T.
A1  - Chandra, S.
A1  - Chen, A.
A1  - Cotter, G.
A1  - Curylo, M.
A1  - Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene
A1  - Davids, I. D.
A1  - Davies, J.
A1  - Deil, C.
A1  - Devin, J.
A1  - deWilt, P.
A1  - Dirson, L.
A1  - Djannati-Atai, A.
A1  - Dmytriiev, A.
A1  - Donath, A.
A1  - Doroshenko, V.
A1  - Duffy, C.
A1  - Dyks, J.
A1  - Egberts, Kathrin
A1  - Eichhorn, F.
A1  - Einecke, S.
A1  - Emery, G.
A1  - Ernenwein, J. -P.
A1  - Feijen, K.
A1  - Fegan, S.
A1  - Fiasson, A.
A1  - de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet
A1  - Fontaine, G.
A1  - Funk, S.
A1  - Fussling, Matthias
A1  - Gabici, S.
A1  - Gallant, Y. A.
A1  - Giavitto, G.
A1  - Giunti, L.
A1  - Glawion, D.
A1  - Glicenstein, J. F.
A1  - Gottschall, D.
A1  - Grondin, M. -H.
A1  - Hahn, J.
A1  - Haupt, M.
A1  - Hermann, G.
A1  - Hinton, J. A.
A1  - Hofmann, W.
A1  - Hoischen, Clemens
A1  - Holch, T. L.
A1  - Holler, M.
A1  - Horbe, M.
A1  - Horns, D.
A1  - Huber, D.
A1  - Jamrozy, M.
A1  - Jankowsky, D.
A1  - Jankowsky, F.
A1  - Jardin-Blicq, A.
A1  - Joshi, V.
A1  - Jung-Richardt, I.
A1  - Kasai, E.
A1  - Kastendieck, M. A.
A1  - Katarzynski, K.
A1  - Katz, U.
A1  - Khangulyan, D.
A1  - Khelifi, B.
A1  - Klepser, S.
A1  - Kluzniak, W.
A1  - Komin, Nu.
A1  - Konno, R.
A1  - Kosack, K.
A1  - Kostunin, D.
A1  - Kreter, M.
A1  - Lamanna, G.
A1  - Lemiere, A.
A1  - Lemoine-Goumard, M.
A1  - Lenain, J. -P.
A1  - Levy, C.
A1  - Lohse, T.
A1  - Lypova, I.
A1  - Mackey, J.
A1  - Majumdar, J.
A1  - Malyshev, D.
A1  - Malyshev, D.
A1  - Marandon, V.
A1  - Marchegiani, P.
A1  - Marcowith, Alexandre
A1  - Mares, A.
A1  - Marti-Devesa, G.
A1  - Marx, R.
A1  - Maurin, G.
A1  - Meintjes, P. J.
A1  - Meyer, M.
A1  - Mitchell, A.
A1  - Moderski, R.
A1  - Mohamed, M.
A1  - Mohrmann, L.
A1  - Montanari, A.
A1  - Moore, C.
A1  - Morris, P.
A1  - Moulin, Emmanuel
A1  - Muller, J.
A1  - Murach, T.
A1  - Nakashima, K.
A1  - Nayerhoda, A.
A1  - de Naurois, M.
A1  - Ndiyavala, H.
A1  - Niederwanger, F.
A1  - Niemiec, J.
A1  - Oakes, L.
A1  - O'Brien, Patrick
A1  - Odaka, H.
A1  - Ohm, S.
A1  - Olivera-Nieto, L.
A1  - Wilhelmi, E. de Ona
A1  - Ostrowski, M.
A1  - Oya, I.
A1  - Panter, M.
A1  - Panny, S.
A1  - Parsons, R. D.
A1  - Peron, G.
A1  - Peyaud, B.
A1  - Piel, Q.
A1  - Pita, S.
A1  - Poireau, V.
A1  - Noel, A. Priyana
A1  - Prokhorov, D. A.
A1  - Prokoph, H.
A1  - Puhlhofer, G.
A1  - Punch, M.
A1  - Quirrenbach, A.
A1  - Raab, S.
A1  - Rauth, R.
A1  - Reichherzer, P.
A1  - Reimer, A.
A1  - Reimer, O.
A1  - Remy, Q.
A1  - Renaud, M.
A1  - Rieger, F.
A1  - Rinchiuso, L.
A1  - Romoli, C.
A1  - Rowell, G.
A1  - Rudak, B.
A1  - Ruiz-Velasco, E.
A1  - Sahakian, V.
A1  - Sailer, S.
A1  - Sanchez, D. A.
A1  - Santangelo, Andrea
A1  - Sasaki, M.
A1  - Scalici, M.
A1  - Schussler, F.
A1  - Schutte, H. M.
A1  - Schwanke, U.
A1  - Schwemmer, S.
A1  - Seglar-Arroyo, M.
A1  - Senniappan, M.
A1  - Seyffert, A. S.
A1  - Shafi, N.
A1  - Shiningayamwe, K.
A1  - Simoni, R.
A1  - Sinha, A.
A1  - Sol, H.
A1  - Specovius, A.
A1  - Spencer, S.
A1  - Spir-Jacob, M.
A1  - Stawarz, L.
A1  - Sun, L.
A1  - Steenkamp, R.
A1  - Stegmann, C.
A1  - Steinmassl, S.
A1  - Steppa, C.
A1  - Takahashi, T.
A1  - Tavernier, T.
A1  - Taylor, A. M.
A1  - Terrier, R.
A1  - Tiziani, D.
A1  - Tluczykont, M.
A1  - Tomankova, L.
A1  - Trichard, C.
A1  - Tsirou, M.
A1  - Tuffs, R.
A1  - Uchiyama, Y.
A1  - van der Walt, D. J.
A1  - van Eldik, C.
A1  - van Rensburg, C.
A1  - van Soelen, B.
A1  - Vasileiadis, G.
A1  - Veh, J.
A1  - Venter, C.
A1  - Vincent, P.
A1  - Vink, J.
A1  - Volk, H. J.
A1  - Vuillaume, T.
A1  - Wadiasingh, Z.
A1  - Wagner, S. J.
A1  - Watson, J.
A1  - Werner, F.
A1  - White, R.
A1  - Wierzcholska, A.
A1  - Wong, Yu Wun
A1  - Yusafzai, A.
A1  - Zacharias, M.
A1  - Zanin, R.
A1  - Zargaryan, D.
A1  - Zdziarski, A. A.
A1  - Zech, Alraune
A1  - Zhu, S. J.
A1  - Ziegler, A.
A1  - Zorn, J.
A1  - Zouari, S.
A1  - Zywucka, N.
T1  - An extreme particle accelerator in the Galactic plane
BT  - HESS J1826-130
JF  - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2  - The unidentified very-high-energy (VHE; E > 0.1 TeV) gamma -ray source, HESS J1826-130, was discovered with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) in the Galactic plane. The analysis of 215 h of HESS data has revealed a steady gamma -ray flux from HESS J1826-130, which appears extended with a half-width of 0.21 degrees +/- 0.02 <br /> (stat)degrees <br /> stat degrees +/- 0.05 <br /> (sys)degrees sys degrees . The source spectrum is best fit with either a power-law function with a spectral index Gamma = 1.78 +/- 0.10(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and an exponential cut-off at 15.2 <br /> (+5.5)(-3.2) -3.2+5.5 TeV, or a broken power-law with Gamma (1) = 1.96 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys), Gamma (2) = 3.59 +/- 0.69(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) for energies below and above E-br = 11.2 +/- 2.7 TeV, respectively. The VHE flux from HESS J1826-130 is contaminated by the extended emission of the bright, nearby pulsar wind nebula, HESS J1825-137, particularly at the low end of the energy spectrum. Leptonic scenarios for the origin of HESS J1826-130 VHE emission related to PSR J1826-1256 are confronted by our spectral and morphological analysis. In a hadronic framework, taking into account the properties of dense gas regions surrounding HESS J1826-130, the source spectrum would imply an astrophysical object capable of accelerating the parent particle population up to greater than or similar to 200 TeV. Our results are also discussed in a multiwavelength context, accounting for both the presence of nearby supernova remnants, molecular clouds, and counterparts detected in radio, X-rays, and TeV energies.
KW  - ISM: supernova remnants
KW  - ISM: clouds
KW  - gamma rays: general
KW  - gamma rays:
KW  - ISM
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038851
SN  - 0004-6361
SN  - 1432-0746
VL  - 644
PB  - EDP Sciences
CY  - Les Ulis
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gorski, Mathias
A1  - Jung, Bettina
A1  - Li, Yong
A1  - Matias-Garcia, Pamela R.
A1  - Wuttke, Matthias
A1  - Coassin, Stefan
A1  - Thio, Chris H. L.
A1  - Kleber, Marcus E.
A1  - Winkler, Thomas W.
A1  - Wanner, Veronika
A1  - Chai, Jin-Fang
A1  - Chu, Audrey Y.
A1  - Cocca, Massimiliano
A1  - Feitosa, Mary F.
A1  - Ghasemi, Sahar
A1  - Hoppmann, Anselm
A1  - Horn, Katrin
A1  - Li, Man
A1  - Nutile, Teresa
A1  - Scholz, Markus
A1  - Sieber, Karsten B.
A1  - Teumer, Alexander
A1  - Tin, Adrienne
A1  - Wang, Judy
A1  - Tayo, Bamidele O.
A1  - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S.
A1  - Almgren, Peter
A1  - Bakker, Stephan J. L.
A1  - Banas, Bernhard
A1  - Bansal, Nisha
A1  - Biggs, Mary L.
A1  - Boerwinkle, Eric
A1  - Böttinger, Erwin
A1  - Brenner, Hermann
A1  - Carroll, Robert J.
A1  - Chalmers, John
A1  - Chee, Miao-Li
A1  - Chee, Miao-Ling
A1  - Cheng, Ching-Yu
A1  - Coresh, Josef
A1  - de Borst, Martin H.
A1  - Degenhardt, Frauke
A1  - Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
A1  - Endlich, Karlhans
A1  - Franke, Andre
A1  - Freitag-Wolf, Sandra
A1  - Gampawar, Piyush
A1  - Gansevoort, Ron T.
A1  - Ghanbari, Mohsen
A1  - Gieger, Christian
A1  - Hamet, Pavel
A1  - Ho, Kevin
A1  - Hofer, Edith
A1  - Holleczek, Bernd
A1  - Foo, Valencia Hui Xian
A1  - Hutri-Kahonen, Nina
A1  - Hwang, Shih-Jen
A1  - Ikram, M. Arfan
A1  - Josyula, Navya Shilpa
A1  - Kahonen, Mika
A1  - Khor, Chiea-Chuen
A1  - Koenig, Wolfgang
A1  - Kramer, Holly
A1  - Kraemer, Bernhard K.
A1  - Kuehnel, Brigitte
A1  - Lange, Leslie A.
A1  - Lehtimaki, Terho
A1  - Lieb, Wolfgang
A1  - Loos, Ruth J. F.
A1  - Lukas, Mary Ann
A1  - Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka
A1  - Meisinger, Christa
A1  - Meitinger, Thomas
A1  - Melander, Olle
A1  - Milaneschi, Yuri
A1  - Mishra, Pashupati P.
A1  - Mononen, Nina
A1  - Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.
A1  - Nadkarni, Girish N.
A1  - Nauck, Matthias
A1  - Nikus, Kjell
A1  - Ning, Boting
A1  - Nolte, Ilja M.
A1  - O'Donoghue, Michelle L.
A1  - Orho-Melander, Marju
A1  - Pendergrass, Sarah A.
A1  - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
A1  - Preuss, Michael H.
A1  - Psaty, Bruce M.
A1  - Raffield, Laura M.
A1  - Raitakari, Olli T.
A1  - Rettig, Rainer
A1  - Rheinberger, Myriam
A1  - Rice, Kenneth M.
A1  - Rosenkranz, Alexander R.
A1  - Rossing, Peter
A1  - Rotter, Jerome
A1  - Sabanayagam, Charumathi
A1  - Schmidt, Helena
A1  - Schmidt, Reinhold
A1  - Schoettker, Ben
A1  - Schulz, Christina-Alexandra
A1  - Sedaghat, Sanaz
A1  - Shaffer, Christian M.
A1  - Strauch, Konstantin
A1  - Szymczak, Silke
A1  - Taylor, Kent D.
A1  - Tremblay, Johanne
A1  - Chaker, Layal
A1  - van der Harst, Pim
A1  - van der Most, Peter J.
A1  - Verweij, Niek
A1  - Voelker, Uwe
A1  - Waldenberger, Melanie
A1  - Wallentin, Lars
A1  - Waterworth, Dawn M.
A1  - White, Harvey D.
A1  - Wilson, James G.
A1  - Wong, Tien-Yin
A1  - Woodward, Mark
A1  - Yang, Qiong
A1  - Yasuda, Masayuki
A1  - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M.
A1  - Zhang, Yan
A1  - Snieder, Harold
A1  - Wanner, Christoph
A1  - Boger, Carsten A.
A1  - Kottgen, Anna
A1  - Kronenberg, Florian
A1  - Pattaro, Cristian
A1  - Heid, Iris M.
T1  - Meta-analysis uncovers genome-wide significant variants for rapid kidney function decline
JF  - Kidney international : official journal of the International Society of Nephrology
N2  - Rapid decline of glomerular filtration rate estimated from creatinine (eGFRcrea) is associated with severe clinical endpoints. In contrast to cross-sectionally assessed eGFRcrea, the genetic basis for rapid eGFRcrea decline is largely unknown. To help define this, we meta-analyzed 42 genome-wide association studies from the Chronic Kidney Diseases Genetics Consortium and United Kingdom Biobank to identify genetic loci for rapid eGFRcrea decline. Two definitions of eGFRcrea decline were used: 3 mL/min/1.73m(2)/year or more ("Rapid3"; encompassing 34,874 cases, 107,090 controls) and eGFRcrea decline 25% or more and eGFRcrea under 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) at follow-up among those with eGFRcrea 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) or more at baseline ("CKDi25"; encompassing 19,901 cases, 175,244 controls). Seven independent variants were identified across six loci for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25: consisting of five variants at four loci with genome-wide significance (near UMOD-PDILT (2), PRKAG2, WDR72, OR2S2) and two variants among 265 known eGFRcrea variants (near GATM, LARP4B). All these loci were novel for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25 and our bioinformatic follow-up prioritized variants and genes underneath these loci. The OR2S2 locus is novel for any eGFRcrea trait including interesting candidates. For the five genome-wide significant lead variants, we found supporting effects for annual change in blood urea nitrogen or cystatin-based eGFR, but not for GATM or (LARP4B). Individuals at high compared to those at low genetic risk (8-14 vs. 0-5 adverse alleles) had a 1.20-fold increased risk of acute kidney injury (95% confidence interval 1.08-1.33). Thus, our identified loci for rapid kidney function decline may help prioritize therapeutic targets and identify mechanisms and individuals at risk for sustained deterioration of kidney function.
KW  - acute kidney injury
KW  - end-stage kidney disease
KW  - genome-wide association
KW  - study
KW  - rapid eGFRcrea decline
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.09.030
SN  - 0085-2538
SN  - 1523-1755
VL  - 99
IS  - 4
SP  - 926
EP  - 939
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Deng, Zijun
A1  - Wang, Weiwei
A1  - Xua, Xun
A1  - Gould, Oliver E. C.
A1  - Kratz, Karl
A1  - Ma, Nan
A1  - Lendlein, Andreas
T1  - Polymeric sheet actuators with programmable bioinstructivity
JF  - PNAS
N2  - Stem cells are capable of sensing and processing environmental inputs, converting this information to output a specific cell lineage through signaling cascades. Despite the combinatorial nature of mechanical, thermal, and biochemical signals, these stimuli have typically been decoupled and applied independently, requiring continuous regulation by controlling units. We employ a programmable polymer actuator sheet to autonomously synchronize thermal and mechanical signals applied to mesenchymal stem cells (MSC5). Using a grid on its underside, the shape change of polymer sheet, as well as cell morphology, calcium (Ca2+) influx, and focal adhesion assembly, could be visualized and quantified. This paper gives compelling evidence that the temperature sensing and mechanosensing of MSC5 are interconnected via intracellular Ca2+. Up-regulated Ca2+ levels lead to a remarkable alteration of histone H3K9 acetylation and activation of osteogenic related genes. The interplay of physical, thermal, and biochemical signaling was utilized to accelerate the cell differentiation toward osteogenic lineage. The approach of programmable bioinstructivity provides a fundamental principle for functional biomaterials exhibiting multifaceted stimuli on differentiation programs. Technological impact is expected in the tissue engineering of periosteum for treating bone defects.
KW  - reversible shape-memory actuator
KW  - mesenchymal stem cells
KW  - calcium influx
KW  - HDAC1
KW  - RUNX2
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910668117
SN  - 1091-6490
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SP  - 1895
EP  - 1901
PB  - National Academy of Sciences
CY  - Washington, DC
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Noonan, Michael J.
A1  - Fleming, Christen H.
A1  - Tucker, Marlee A.
A1  - Kays, Roland
A1  - Harrison, Autumn-Lynn
A1  - Crofoot, Margaret C.
A1  - Abrahms, Briana
A1  - Alberts, Susan C.
A1  - Ali, Abdullahi H.
A1  - Blaum, Niels
T1  - Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Accurately quantifying species' area requirements is a prerequisite for effective area-based conservation. This typically involves collecting tracking data on species of interest and then conducting home-range analyses. Problematically, autocorrelation in tracking data can result in space needs being severely underestimated. Based on the previous work, we hypothesized the magnitude of underestimation varies with body mass, a relationship that could have serious conservation implications. To evaluate this hypothesis for terrestrial mammals, we estimated home-range areas with global positioning system (GPS) locations from 757 individuals across 61 globally distributed mammalian species with body masses ranging from 0.4 to 4000 kg. We then applied block cross-validation to quantify bias in empirical home-range estimates. Area requirements of mammals <10 kg were underestimated by a mean approximately15%, and species weighing approximately100 kg were underestimated by approximately50% on average. Thus, we found area estimation was subject to autocorrelation-induced bias that was worse for large species. Combined with the fact that extinction risk increases as body mass increases, the allometric scaling of bias we observed suggests the most threatened species are also likely to be those with the least accurate home-range estimates. As a correction, we tested whether data thinning or autocorrelation-informed home-range estimation minimized the scaling effect of autocorrelation on area estimates. Data thinning required an approximately93% data loss to achieve statistical independence with 95% confidence and was, therefore, not a viable solution. In contrast, autocorrelation-informed home-range estimation resulted in consistently accurate estimates irrespective of mass. When relating body mass to home range size, we detected that correcting for autocorrelation resulted in a scaling exponent significantly >1, meaning the scaling of the relationship changed substantially at the upper end of the mass spectrum.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1206 
KW  - allometry
KW  - animal movement
KW  - area-based conservation
KW  - autocorrelation
KW  - home range
KW  - kernel density estimation
KW  - reserve design
KW  - scaling
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-526824
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Griscom, Bronson W.
A1  - Busch, Jonah
A1  - Cook-Patton, Susan C.
A1  - Ellis, Peter W.
A1  - Funk, Jason
A1  - Leavitt, Sara M.
A1  - Lomax, Guy
A1  - Turner, Will R.
A1  - Chapman, Melissa
A1  - Streck, Charlotte
T1  - National mitigation potential from natural climate solutions in the tropics
JF  - Biological sciences
N2  - Better land stewardship is needed to achieve the Paris Agreement's temperature goal, particularly in the tropics, where greenhouse gas emissions from the destruction of ecosystems are largest, and where the potential for additional land carbon storage is greatest. As countries enhance their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Agreement, confusion persists about the potential contribution of better land stewardship to meeting the Agreement's goal to hold global warming below 2 degrees C. We assess cost-effective tropical country-level potential of natural climate solutions (NCS)-protection, improved management and restoration of ecosystems-to deliver climate mitigation linked with sustainable development goals (SDGs). We identify groups of countries with distinctive NCS portfolios, and we explore factors (governance, financial capacity) influencing the feasibility of unlocking national NCS potential. Cost-effective tropical NCS offers globally significant climate mitigation in the coming decades (6.56 Pg CO(2)e yr(-1) at less than 100 US$ per Mg CO(2)e). In half of the tropical countries, cost-effective NCS could mitigate over half of national emissions. In more than a quarter of tropical countries, cost-effective NCS potential is greater than national emissions. We identify countries where, with international financing and political will, NCS can cost-effectively deliver the majority of enhanced NDCs while transforming national economies and contributing to SDGs. This article is part of the theme issue 'Climate change and ecosystems: threats, opportunities and solutions'.
KW  - natural climate solutions
KW  - climate mitigation
KW  - protection
KW  - land management
KW  - restoration
KW  - Paris Agreement
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0126
SN  - 0962-8436
SN  - 1471-2970
VL  - 375
IS  - 1794
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - The Royal Society Publishing
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Dietze, Elisabeth
A1  - Mangelsdorf, Kai
A1  - Andreev, Andrei
A1  - Karger, Cornelia
A1  - Schreuder, Laura T.
A1  - Hopmans, Ellen C.
A1  - Rach, Oliver
A1  - Sachse, Dirk
A1  - Wennrich, Volker
A1  - Herzschuh, Ulrike
T1  - Relationships between low-temperature fires, climate and vegetation during three late glacials and interglacials of the last 430 kyr in northeastern Siberia reconstructed from monosaccharide anhydrides in Lake El’gygytgyn sediments
T2  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Landscapes in high northern latitudes are assumed to be highly sensitive to future global change, but the rates and long-term trajectories of changes are rather uncertain. In the boreal zone, fires are an important factor in climate-vegetation interactions and biogeochemical cycles. Fire regimes are characterized by small, frequent, low-intensity fires within summergreen boreal forests dominated by larch, whereas evergreen boreal forests dominated by spruce and pine burn large areas less frequently but at higher intensities. Here, we explore the potential of the monosaccharide anhydrides (MA) levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan to serve as proxies of low-intensity biomass burning in glacial-to-interglacial lake sediments from the high northern latitudes. We use sediments from Lake El'gygytgyn (cores PG 1351 and ICDP 5011-1), located in the far north-east of Russia, and study glacial and interglacial samples of the last 430 kyr (marine isotope stages 5e, 6, 7e, 8, 11c and 12) that had different climate and biome configurations. Combined with pollen and non-pollen palynomorph records from the same samples, we assess how far the modern relationships between fire, climate and vegetation persisted during the past, on orbital to centennial timescales. We find that MAs attached to particulates were well-preserved in up to 430 kyr old sediments with higher influxes from low-intensity biomass burning in interglacials compared to glacials. MA influxes significantly increase when summergreen boreal forest spreads closer to the lake, whereas they decrease when tundra-steppe environments and, especially, Sphagnum peatlands spread. This suggests that low-temperature fires are a typical characteristic of Siberian larch forests also on long timescales. The results also suggest that low-intensity fires would be reduced by vegetation shifts towards very dry environments due to reduced biomass availability, as well as by shifts towards peatlands, which limits fuel dryness. In addition, we observed very low MA ratios, which we interpret as high contributions of galactosan and mannosan from biomass sources other than those currently monitored, such as the moss-lichen mats in the understorey of the summergreen boreal forest. Overall, sedimentary MAs can provide a powerful proxy for fire regime reconstructions and extend our knowledge of long-term natural fire-climate-vegetation feedbacks in the high northern latitudes.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1439 
KW  - molecular tracers
KW  - organic aerosols
KW  - emission factors
KW  - carbonaceous aerosols
KW  - pollen records
KW  - core PG1351
KW  - biomass
KW  - holocene
KW  - levoglucosan
KW  - charcoal
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-516843
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 2
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Piro, Vitor C.
A1  - Dadi, Temesgen H.
A1  - Seiler, Enrico
A1  - Reinert, Knut
A1  - Renard, Bernhard Y.
T1  - ganon
BT  - precise metagenomics classification against large and up-to-date sets of reference sequences
JF  - Bioinformatics
N2  - Motivation:
The exponential growth of assembled genome sequences greatly benefits metagenomics studies. However, currently available methods struggle to manage the increasing amount of sequences and their frequent updates. Indexing the current RefSeq can take days and hundreds of GB of memory on large servers. Few methods address these issues thus far, and even though many can theoretically handle large amounts of references, time/memory requirements are prohibitive in practice. As a result, many studies that require sequence classification use often outdated and almost never truly up-to-date indices. 

Results: 
Motivated by those limitations, we created ganon, a k-mer-based read classification tool that uses Interleaved Bloom Filters in conjunction with a taxonomic clustering and a k-mer counting/filtering scheme. Ganon provides an efficient method for indexing references, keeping them updated. It requires <55 min to index the complete RefSeq of bacteria, archaea, fungi and viruses. The tool can further keep these indices up-to-date in a fraction of the time necessary to create them. Ganon makes it possible to query against very large reference sets and therefore it classifies significantly more reads and identifies more species than similar methods. When classifying a high-complexity CAMI challenge dataset against complete genomes from RefSeq, ganon shows strongly increased precision with equal or better sensitivity compared with state-of-the-art tools. With the same dataset against the complete RefSeq, ganon improved the F1-score by 65% at the genus level. It supports taxonomy- and assembly-level classification, multiple indices and hierarchical classification.
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa458
SN  - 1367-4811
SN  - 1367-4803
VL  - 36
SP  - 12
EP  - 20
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dietze, Elisabeth
A1  - Mangelsdorf, Kai
A1  - Andreev, Andrei
A1  - Karger, Cornelia
A1  - Schreuder, Laura T.
A1  - Hopmans, Ellen C.
A1  - Rach, Oliver
A1  - Sachse, Dirk
A1  - Wennrich, Volker
A1  - Herzschuh, Ulrike
T1  - Relationships between low-temperature fires, climate and vegetation during three late glacials and interglacials of the last 430 kyr in northeastern Siberia reconstructed from monosaccharide anhydrides in Lake El’gygytgyn sediments
JF  - Climate of the Past
N2  - Landscapes in high northern latitudes are assumed to be highly sensitive to future global change, but the rates and long-term trajectories of changes are rather uncertain. In the boreal zone, fires are an important factor in climate-vegetation interactions and biogeochemical cycles. Fire regimes are characterized by small, frequent, low-intensity fires within summergreen boreal forests dominated by larch, whereas evergreen boreal forests dominated by spruce and pine burn large areas less frequently but at higher intensities. Here, we explore the potential of the monosaccharide anhydrides (MA) levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan to serve as proxies of low-intensity biomass burning in glacial-to-interglacial lake sediments from the high northern latitudes. We use sediments from Lake El'gygytgyn (cores PG 1351 and ICDP 5011-1), located in the far north-east of Russia, and study glacial and interglacial samples of the last 430 kyr (marine isotope stages 5e, 6, 7e, 8, 11c and 12) that had different climate and biome configurations. Combined with pollen and non-pollen palynomorph records from the same samples, we assess how far the modern relationships between fire, climate and vegetation persisted during the past, on orbital to centennial timescales. We find that MAs attached to particulates were well-preserved in up to 430 kyr old sediments with higher influxes from low-intensity biomass burning in interglacials compared to glacials. MA influxes significantly increase when summergreen boreal forest spreads closer to the lake, whereas they decrease when tundra-steppe environments and, especially, Sphagnum peatlands spread. This suggests that low-temperature fires are a typical characteristic of Siberian larch forests also on long timescales. The results also suggest that low-intensity fires would be reduced by vegetation shifts towards very dry environments due to reduced biomass availability, as well as by shifts towards peatlands, which limits fuel dryness. In addition, we observed very low MA ratios, which we interpret as high contributions of galactosan and mannosan from biomass sources other than those currently monitored, such as the moss-lichen mats in the understorey of the summergreen boreal forest. Overall, sedimentary MAs can provide a powerful proxy for fire regime reconstructions and extend our knowledge of long-term natural fire-climate-vegetation feedbacks in the high northern latitudes.
KW  - molecular tracers
KW  - organic aerosols
KW  - emission factors
KW  - carbonaceous aerosols
KW  - pollen records
KW  - core PG1351
KW  - biomass
KW  - holocene
KW  - levoglucosan
KW  - charcoal
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-799-2020
SN  - 1814-9332
SN  - 1814-9324
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
SP  - 788
EP  - 818
PB  - Copernicus Publications
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Post, Julia C.
A1  - Class, Fabian
A1  - Kohler, Ulrich
T1  - Unit nonresponse biases in estimates of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence
JF  - Survey research methods
N2  - Since COVID-19 became a pandemic, many studies are being conducted to get a better understanding of the disease itself and its spread. One crucial indicator is the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Since this measure is an important foundation for political decisions, its estimate must be reliable and unbiased. This paper presents reasons for biases in prevalence estimates due to unit nonresponse in typical studies. Since it is difficult to avoid bias in situations with mostly unknown nonresponse mechanisms, we propose the maximum amount of bias as one measure to assess the uncertainty due to nonresponse. An interactive web application is presented that calculates the limits of such a conservative unit nonresponse confidence interval (CUNCI).
KW  - COVID-19
KW  - prevalence
KW  - probability samples
KW  - unit nonresponse
KW  - conservative confidence limits
KW  - nonresponse bias
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.18148/srm/2020.v14i2.7755
SN  - 1864-3361
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
SP  - 115
EP  - 121
PB  - European Survey Research Association
CY  - Duisburg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Noonan, Michael J.
A1  - Fleming, Christen H.
A1  - Tucker, Marlee A.
A1  - Kays, Roland
A1  - Harrison, Autumn-Lynn
A1  - Crofoot, Margaret C.
A1  - Abrahms, Briana
A1  - Alberts, Susan C.
A1  - Ali, Abdullahi H.
A1  - Blaum, Niels
T1  - Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements
JF  - Conservation Biology
N2  - Accurately quantifying species' area requirements is a prerequisite for effective area-based conservation. This typically involves collecting tracking data on species of interest and then conducting home-range analyses. Problematically, autocorrelation in tracking data can result in space needs being severely underestimated. Based on the previous work, we hypothesized the magnitude of underestimation varies with body mass, a relationship that could have serious conservation implications. To evaluate this hypothesis for terrestrial mammals, we estimated home-range areas with global positioning system (GPS) locations from 757 individuals across 61 globally distributed mammalian species with body masses ranging from 0.4 to 4000 kg. We then applied block cross-validation to quantify bias in empirical home-range estimates. Area requirements of mammals <10 kg were underestimated by a mean approximately15%, and species weighing approximately100 kg were underestimated by approximately50% on average. Thus, we found area estimation was subject to autocorrelation-induced bias that was worse for large species. Combined with the fact that extinction risk increases as body mass increases, the allometric scaling of bias we observed suggests the most threatened species are also likely to be those with the least accurate home-range estimates. As a correction, we tested whether data thinning or autocorrelation-informed home-range estimation minimized the scaling effect of autocorrelation on area estimates. Data thinning required an approximately93% data loss to achieve statistical independence with 95% confidence and was, therefore, not a viable solution. In contrast, autocorrelation-informed home-range estimation resulted in consistently accurate estimates irrespective of mass. When relating body mass to home range size, we detected that correcting for autocorrelation resulted in a scaling exponent significantly >1, meaning the scaling of the relationship changed substantially at the upper end of the mass spectrum.
KW  - allometry
KW  - animal movement
KW  - area-based conservation
KW  - autocorrelation
KW  - home range
KW  - kernel density estimation
KW  - reserve design
KW  - scaling
Y1  - 2019
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - van Rees, Charles B.
A1  - Waylen, Kerry A.
A1  - Schmidt-Kloiber, Astrid
A1  - Thackeray, Stephen J.
A1  - Kalinkat, Gregor
A1  - Martens, Koen
A1  - Domisch, Sami
A1  - Lillebo, Ana
A1  - Hermoso, Virgilio
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
A1  - Schinegger, Rafaela
A1  - Decleer, Kris
A1  - Adriaens, Tim
A1  - Denys, Luc
A1  - Jaric, Ivan
A1  - Janse, Jan H.
A1  - Monaghan, Michael T.
A1  - De Wever, Aaike
A1  - Geijzendorffer, Ilse
A1  - Adamescu, Mihai C.
A1  - Jähnig, Sonja C.
T1  - Safeguarding freshwater life beyond 2020
BT  - recommendations for the new global biodiversity framework from the European experience
JF  - Conservation letters
N2  - Plans are currently being drafted for the next decade of action on biodiversity-both the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and Biodiversity Strategy of the European Union (EU). Freshwater biodiversity is disproportionately threatened and underprioritized relative to the marine and terrestrial biota, despite supporting a richness of species and ecosystems with their own intrinsic value and providing multiple essential ecosystem services. Future policies and strategies must have a greater focus on the unique ecology of freshwater life and its multiple threats, and now is a critical time to reflect on how this may be achieved. We identify priority topics including environmental flows, water quality, invasive species, integrated water resources management, strategic conservation planning, and emerging technologies for freshwater ecosystem monitoring. We synthesize these topics with decades of first-hand experience and recent literature into 14 special recommendations for global freshwater biodiversity conservation based on the successes and setbacks of European policy, management, and research. Applying and following these recommendations will inform and enhance the ability of global and European post-2020 biodiversity agreements to halt and reverse the rapid global decline of freshwater biodiversity.
KW  - climate change
KW  - conservation
KW  - ecosystem services
KW  - rivers
KW  - sustainable
KW  - development goals
KW  - water resources
KW  - wetlands
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12771
SN  - 1755-263X
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Zhang, Shuhao
A1  - Plauth, Max
A1  - Eberhardt, Felix
A1  - Polze, Andreas
A1  - Lehmann, Jens
A1  - Sejdiu, Gezim
A1  - Jabeen, Hajira
A1  - Servadei, Lorenzo
A1  - Möstl, Christian
A1  - Bär, Florian
A1  - Netzeband, André
A1  - Schmidt, Rainer
A1  - Knigge, Marlene
A1  - Hecht, Sonja
A1  - Prifti, Loina
A1  - Krcmar, Helmut
A1  - Sapegin, Andrey
A1  - Jaeger, David
A1  - Cheng, Feng
A1  - Meinel, Christoph
A1  - Friedrich, Tobias
A1  - Rothenberger, Ralf
A1  - Sutton, Andrew M.
A1  - Sidorova, Julia A.
A1  - Lundberg, Lars
A1  - Rosander, Oliver
A1  - Sköld, Lars
A1  - Di Varano, Igor
A1  - van der Walt, Estée
A1  - Eloff, Jan H. P.
A1  - Fabian, Benjamin
A1  - Baumann, Annika
A1  - Ermakova, Tatiana
A1  - Kelkel, Stefan
A1  - Choudhary, Yash
A1  - Cooray, Thilini
A1  - Rodríguez, Jorge
A1  - Medina-Pérez, Miguel Angel
A1  - Trejo, Luis A.
A1  - Barrera-Animas, Ari Yair
A1  - Monroy-Borja, Raúl
A1  - López-Cuevas, Armando
A1  - Ramírez-Márquez, José Emmanuel
A1  - Grohmann, Maria
A1  - Niederleithinger, Ernst
A1  - Podapati, Sasidhar
A1  - Schmidt, Christopher
A1  - Huegle, Johannes
A1  - de Oliveira, Roberto C. L.
A1  - Soares, Fábio Mendes
A1  - van Hoorn, André
A1  - Neumer, Tamas
A1  - Willnecker, Felix
A1  - Wilhelm, Mathias
A1  - Kuster, Bernhard
ED  - Meinel, Christoph
ED  - Polze, Andreas
ED  - Beins, Karsten
ED  - Strotmann, Rolf
ED  - Seibold, Ulrich
ED  - Rödszus, Kurt
ED  - Müller, Jürgen
T1  - HPI Future SOC Lab – Proceedings 2017
T1  - HPI Future SOC Lab – Proceedings 2017
N2  - The “HPI Future SOC Lab” is a cooperation of the Hasso Plattner Institute (HPI) and industry partners. Its mission is to enable and promote exchange and interaction between the research community and the industry partners.
  The HPI Future SOC Lab provides researchers with free of charge access to a complete infrastructure of state of the art hard and software. This infrastructure includes components, which might be too expensive for an ordinary research environment, such as servers with up to 64 cores and 2 TB main memory. The offerings address researchers particularly from but not limited to the areas of computer science and business information systems. Main areas of research include cloud computing, parallelization, and In-Memory technologies.
  This technical report presents results of research projects executed in 2017. Selected projects have presented their results on April 25th and November 15th 2017 at the Future SOC Lab Day events.
N2  - Das Future SOC Lab am HPI ist eine Kooperation des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts mit verschiedenen Industriepartnern. Seine Aufgabe ist die Ermöglichung und Förderung des Austausches zwischen Forschungsgemeinschaft und Industrie.
  Am Lab wird interessierten Wissenschaftlern eine Infrastruktur von neuester Hard- und Software kostenfrei für Forschungszwecke zur Verfügung gestellt. Dazu zählen teilweise noch nicht am Markt verfügbare Technologien, die im normalen Hochschulbereich in der Regel nicht zu finanzieren wären, bspw. Server mit bis zu 64 Cores und 2 TB Hauptspeicher. Diese Angebote richten sich insbesondere an Wissenschaftler in den Gebieten Informatik und Wirtschaftsinformatik. Einige der Schwerpunkte sind Cloud Computing, Parallelisierung und In-Memory Technologien. 
  In diesem Technischen Bericht werden die Ergebnisse der Forschungsprojekte des Jahres 2017 vorgestellt.  Ausgewählte Projekte stellten ihre Ergebnisse am 25. April und 15. November 2017 im Rahmen der Future SOC Lab Tag Veranstaltungen vor.
T3  - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 130 
KW  - Future SOC Lab
KW  - research projects
KW  - multicore architectures
KW  - In-Memory technology
KW  - cloud computing
KW  - machine learning
KW  - artifical intelligence
KW  - Future SOC Lab
KW  - Forschungsprojekte
KW  - Multicore Architekturen
KW  - In-Memory Technologie
KW  - Cloud Computing
KW  - maschinelles Lernen
KW  - Künstliche Intelligenz
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433100
SN  - 978-3-86956-475-3
SN  - 1613-5652
SN  - 2191-1665
IS  - 130
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Arazi, Hamid
A1  - Asadi, Abbas
A1  - Khalkhali, Farhood
A1  - Boullosa, Daniel
A1  - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Zouhal, Hassane
T1  - Association Between the Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio and Injury Occurrence in Young Male Team Soccer Players
BT  - A Preliminary Study
JF  - Frontiers in Physiology
N2  - This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR), based upon participant session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), using two models [(1) rolling averages (ACWRRA); and (2) exponentially weighted moving averages (ACWREWMA)] and the injury rate in young male team soccer players aged 17.1 ± 0.7 years during a competitive mesocycle. Twenty-two players were enrolled in this study and performed four training sessions per week with 2 days of recovery and 1 match day per week. During each training session and each weekly match, training time and sRPE were recorded. In addition, training impulse (TRIMP), monotony, and strain were subsequently calculated. The rate of injury was recorded for each soccer player over a period of 4 weeks (i.e., 28 days) using a daily questionnaire. The results showed that over the course of the study, the number of non-contact injuries was significantly higher than that for contact injuries (2.5 vs. 0.5, p = 0.01). There were also significant positive correlations between sRPE and training time (r = 0.411, p = 0.039), ACWRRA (r = 0.47, p = 0.049), and ACWREWMA (r = 0.51, p = 0.038). In addition, small-to-medium correlations were detected between ACWR and non-contact injury occurrence (ACWRRA, r = 0.31, p = 0.05; ACWREWMA, r = 0.53, p = 0.03). Explained variance (r 2) for non-contact injury was significantly greater using the ACWREWMA model (ranging between 21 and 52%) compared with ACWRRA (ranging between 17 and 39%). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the ACWREWMA model is more sensitive than ACWRRA to identify non-contact injury occurrence in male team soccer players during a short period in the competitive season.
KW  - training load
KW  - rate of perceived exertion
KW  - rolling averages
KW  - weighted moving averages
KW  - football
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00608
SN  - 1664-042X
VL  - 11
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Koenig, Julian
A1  - Abler, Birgit
A1  - Agartz, Ingrid
A1  - akerstedt, Torbjorn
A1  - Andreassen, Ole A.
A1  - Anthony, Mia
A1  - Baer, Karl-Juergen
A1  - Bertsch, Katja
A1  - Brown, Rebecca C.
A1  - Brunner, Romuald
A1  - Carnevali, Luca
A1  - Critchley, Hugo D.
A1  - Cullen, Kathryn R.
A1  - de Geus, Eco J. C.
A1  - de la Cruz, Feliberto
A1  - Dziobek, Isabel
A1  - Ferger, Marc D.
A1  - Fischer, Hakan
A1  - Flor, Herta
A1  - Gaebler, Michael
A1  - Gianaros, Peter J.
A1  - Giummarra, Melita J.
A1  - Greening, Steven G.
A1  - Guendelman, Simon
A1  - Heathers, James A. J.
A1  - Herpertz, Sabine C.
A1  - Hu, Mandy X.
A1  - Jentschke, Sebastian
A1  - Kaess, Michael
A1  - Kaufmann, Tobias
A1  - Klimes-Dougan, Bonnie
A1  - Koelsch, Stefan
A1  - Krauch, Marlene
A1  - Kumral, Deniz
A1  - Lamers, Femke
A1  - Lee, Tae-Ho
A1  - Lekander, Mats
A1  - Lin, Feng
A1  - Lotze, Martin
A1  - Makovac, Elena
A1  - Mancini, Matteo
A1  - Mancke, Falk
A1  - Mansson, Kristoffer N. T.
A1  - Manuck, Stephen B.
A1  - Mather, Mara
A1  - Meeten, Frances
A1  - Min, Jungwon
A1  - Mueller, Bryon
A1  - Muench, Vera
A1  - Nees, Frauke
A1  - Nga, Lin
A1  - Nilsonne, Gustav
A1  - Ordonez Acuna, Daniela
A1  - Osnes, Berge
A1  - Ottaviani, Cristina
A1  - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
A1  - Ponzio, Allison
A1  - Poudel, Govinda R.
A1  - Reinelt, Janis
A1  - Ren, Ping
A1  - Sakaki, Michiko
A1  - Schumann, Andy
A1  - Sorensen, Lin
A1  - Specht, Karsten
A1  - Straub, Joana
A1  - Tamm, Sandra
A1  - Thai, Michelle
A1  - Thayer, Julian F.
A1  - Ubani, Benjamin
A1  - van Der Mee, Denise J.
A1  - van Velzen, Laura S.
A1  - Ventura-Bort, Carlos
A1  - Villringer, Arno
A1  - Watson, David R.
A1  - Wei, Luqing
A1  - Wendt, Julia
A1  - Schreiner, Melinda Westlund
A1  - Westlye, Lars T.
A1  - Weymar, Mathias
A1  - Winkelmann, Tobias
A1  - Wu, Guo-Rong
A1  - Yoo, Hyun Joo
A1  - Quintana, Daniel S.
T1  - Cortical thickness and resting-state cardiac function across the lifespan
BT  - a cross-sectional pooled mega-analysis
JF  - Psychophysiology : journal of the Society for Psychophysiological Research
N2  - Understanding the association between autonomic nervous system [ANS] function and brain morphology across the lifespan provides important insights into neurovisceral mechanisms underlying health and disease. Resting-state ANS activity, indexed by measures of heart rate [HR] and its variability [HRV] has been associated with brain morphology, particularly cortical thickness [CT]. While findings have been mixed regarding the anatomical distribution and direction of the associations, these inconsistencies may be due to sex and age differences in HR/HRV and CT. Previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes, which impede the assessment of sex differences and aging effects on the association between ANS function and CT. To overcome these limitations, 20 groups worldwide contributed data collected under similar protocols of CT assessment and HR/HRV recording to be pooled in a mega-analysis (N = 1,218 (50.5% female), mean age 36.7 years (range: 12-87)). Findings suggest a decline in HRV as well as CT with increasing age. CT, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex, explained additional variance in HRV, beyond the effects of aging. This pattern of results may suggest that the decline in HRV with increasing age is related to a decline in orbitofrontal CT. These effects were independent of sex and specific to HRV; with no significant association between CT and HR. Greater CT across the adult lifespan may be vital for the maintenance of healthy cardiac regulation via the ANS-or greater cardiac vagal activity as indirectly reflected in HRV may slow brain atrophy. Findings reveal an important association between CT and cardiac parasympathetic activity with implications for healthy aging and longevity that should be studied further in longitudinal research.
KW  - aging
KW  - autonomic nervous system
KW  - cortical thickness
KW  - heart rate
KW  - heart
KW  - rate variability
KW  - sex
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.13688
SN  - 0048-5772
SN  - 1469-8986
VL  - 58
IS  - 7
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schenck, Marcia C.
A1  - Harisch, Immanuel R.
A1  - Dietrich, Anne
A1  - Burton, Eric
T1  - Introduction
BT  - Moorings and (Dis)Entanglements between Africa and East Germany during the Cold War
JF  - Navigating Socialist Encounters
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 978-3-11-062354-3
SN  - 978-3-11-062231-7
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110623543-001
SP  - 1
EP  - 58
PB  - de Gruyter
CY  - Oldenburg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schenck, Marcia C.
A1  - Raposo, Francisca
T1  - Socialist Encounters at the School of Friendship
JF  - Navigating Socialist Encounters
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 978-3-11-062354-3
SN  - 978-3-11-062231-7
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110623543-009
SP  - 235
EP  - 246
PB  - de Gruyter
CY  - Oldenburg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Alberto, Ibraimo
A1  - Schenck, Marcia C.
T1  - Paths Are Made by Walking
BT  - Memories of Being a Mozambican Contract Worker in the GDR
JF  - Navigating Socialist Encounters
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 978-3-11-062354-3
SN  - 978-3-11-062231-7
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110623543-010
SP  - 247
EP  - 262
PB  - de Gruyter
CY  - Oldenburg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bienert, Michael C.
A1  - Hübner, Kristina
T1  - Der Freistaat Preußen in der Weimarer Republik
JF  - Preußen : Geschichte eines Mythos
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 978-3-89809-095-7
SP  - 170
EP  - 197
PB  - be.bra
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schenck, Marcia C.
T1  - Rezension zu: Guthrie, Zachary Kagan: Bound for Work: Labor, Mobility, and Colonial Rule in Central Mozambique, 1940–1965. - Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2018. vii + 240 pp. - ISBN 	
978-0-8139-4154-7
JF  - Labor: studies in working-class history of the Americas
KW  - Arbeit
KW  - Mobilität
KW  - Migration
KW  - Kolonialismus
KW  - Mosambik
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 978-0-8139-4154-7
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1215/15476715-8849376
SN  - 1558-1454
SN  - 1547-6715
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
SP  - 120
EP  - 121
PB  - Duke University Press
CY  - Durham, NC
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Schenck, Marcia C.
A1  - Mohamed Zakaria, Abdalla
A1  - Ndiritiro, Richesse
A1  - Omar, Shaema
A1  - Rer, Samson
A1  - Reed, Kate
A1  - Teferra, Gerawork
T1  - Opportunities and challenges of oral history research through refugee voices, narratives, and memories
BT  - history dialogues
T2  - Global South scholars in the Western Academy
N2  - While academic mobility has generally been positioned in the literature as a ready, at-will movement of people and ideas, this chapter demonstrates how the conditions of mobility and immobility “all at once” impact knowledge production and exchange. By offering a more nuanced window into the experiences of scholars in exile, this chapter challenges dominant discourses of academic mobility and draws on lessons learned from within liminal spaces of knowledge production to elicit more response within higher education communities. Context-rich examples reveal the interpersonal tensions and cultural shifts—including gender, ethnic and race-based stereotypes and discrimination—that affect intellectual outputs, further problematizing the conceptualization of knowledge production in human capital terms. Lessons gleaned from Scholars at Risk (SAR) and related programmes suggest support structures that amplify scholars’ agency; more broadly, higher education should consider ways of adapting to its diverse knowledge producers, rather than supporting the acclimation to its current environment.
KW  - Refugees
KW  - Global South Researchers
KW  - Global History Dialogues Project
Y1  - 2021
SN  - 978-0-367-62582-5
SN  - 978-1-003-10980-8
SN  - 978-0-367-62584-9
U6  - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003109808-18
SP  - 171
EP  - 185
PB  - Routledge
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Strong, Catherine R. C.
A1  - Scherz, Mark D.
A1  - Caldwell, Michael Wayne
T1  - Deconstructing the Gestalt
BT  - new concepts and tests of homology, as exemplified by a re-conceptualization of "microstomy" in squamates
JF  - The anatomical record : AR ; advances in integrative anatomy and evolutionary biology ; an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists, AAA
N2  - Snakes-a subset of lizards-have traditionally been divided into two major groups based on feeding mechanics: "macrostomy," involving the ingestion of proportionally large prey items; and "microstomy," the lack of this ability. "Microstomy"-considered present in scolecophidian and early-diverging alethinophidian snakes-is generally viewed as a symplesiomorphy shared with non-snake lizards. However, this perspective of "microstomy" as plesiomorphic and morphologically homogenous fails to recognize the complexity of this condition and its evolution across "microstomatan" squamates. To challenge this problematic paradigm, we formalize a new framework for conceptualizing and testing the homology of overall character complexes, or "morphotypes," which underlies our re-assessment of "microstomy." Using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans, we analyze the morphology of the jaws and suspensorium across purported "microstomatan" squamates (scolecophidians, early-diverging alethinophidians, and non-snake lizards) and demonstrate that key components of the jaw complex are not homologous at the level of primary character state identity across these taxa. Therefore, rather than treating "microstomy" as a uniform condition, we instead propose that non-snake lizards, early-diverging alethinophidians, anomalepidids, leptotyphlopids, and typhlopoids each exhibit a unique and nonhomologous jaw morphotype: "minimal-kinesis microstomy," "snout-shifting," "axle-brace maxillary raking," "mandibular raking," and "single-axle maxillary raking," respectively. The lack of synapomorphy among scolecophidians is inconsistent with the notion of scolecophidians representing an ancestral snake condition, and instead reflects a hypothesis of the independent evolution of fossoriality, miniaturization, and "microstomy" in each scolecophidian lineage. We ultimately emphasize that a rigorous approach to comparative anatomy is necessary in constructing evolutionary hypotheses that accurately reflect biological reality.
KW  - ancestral state reconstruction
KW  - functional morphology
KW  - homology
KW  - skull
KW  - anatomy
KW  - snake evolution
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.24630
SN  - 1932-8486
SN  - 1932-8494
VL  - 304
IS  - 10
SP  - 2303
EP  - 2351
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Malchow, Anne-Kathleen
A1  - Bocedi, Greta
A1  - Palmer, Stephen C. F.
A1  - Travis, Justin M. J.
A1  - Zurell, Damaris
T1  - RangeShiftR: an R package for individual-based simulation of spatial eco-evolutionary dynamics and speciesu0027 responses to environmental changes
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Reliably modelling the demographic and distributional responses of a species to environmental changes can be crucial for successful conservation and management planning. Process-based models have the potential to achieve this goal, but so far they remain underused for predictions of species' distributions. Individual-based models offer the additional capability to model inter-individual variation and evolutionary dynamics and thus capture adaptive responses to environmental change. We present RangeShiftR, an R implementation of a flexible individual-based modelling platform which simulates eco-evolutionary dynamics in a spatially explicit way. The package provides flexible and fast simulations by making the software RangeShifter available for the widely used statistical programming platform R. The package features additional auxiliary functions to support model specification and analysis of results. We provide an outline of the package's functionality, describe the underlying model structure with its main components and present a short example. RangeShiftR offers substantial model complexity, especially for the demographic and dispersal processes. It comes with elaborate tutorials and comprehensive documentation to facilitate learning the software and provide help at all levels. As the core code is implemented in C++, the computations are fast. The complete source code is published under a public licence, making adaptations and contributions feasible. The RangeShiftR package facilitates the application of individual-based and mechanistic modelling to eco-evolutionary questions by operating a flexible and powerful simulation model from R. It allows effortless interoperation with existing packages to create streamlined workflows that can include data preparation, integrated model specification and results analysis. Moreover, the implementation in R strengthens the potential for coupling RangeShiftR with other models.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1178 
KW  - connectivity
KW  - conservation
KW  - dispersal
KW  - evolution
KW  - population dynamics
KW  - range dynamics
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-523979
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 10
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Blanchard, Ingrid
A1  - Abeykoon, Sumith
A1  - Frost, Daniel J.
A1  - Rubie, David C.
T1  - Sulfur content at sulfide saturation of peridotitic melt at upper mantle conditions
JF  - American mineralogist : an international journal of earth and planetary materials / Mineralogical Society of America
N2  - The concentration of sulfur that can be dissolved in a silicate liquid is of fundamental importance because it is closely associated with several major Earth-related processes. Considerable effort has been made to understand the interplay between the effects of silicate melt composition and its capac-ity to retain sulfur, but the dependence on pressure and temperature is mostly based on experiments performed at pressures and temperatures below 6 GPa and 2073 K. Here we present a study of the effects of pressure and temperature on sulfur content at sulfide saturation of a peridotitic liquid. We performed 14 multi-anvil experiments using a peridotitic starting composition, and we produced 25 new measurements at conditions ranging from 7 to 23 GPa and 2173 to 2623 K. We analyzed the recovered samples using both electron microprobe and laser ablation ICP-MS. We compiled our data together with previously published data that were obtained at lower P-T conditions and with various silicate melt compositions. We present a new model based on this combined data set that encompasses the entire range of upper mantle pressure-temperature conditions, along with the effect of a wide range of silicate melt compositions. Our findings are consistent with earlier work based on extrapolation from lower-pressure and lower-temperature experiments and show a decrease of sulfur content at sulfide saturation (SCSS) with increasing pressure and an increase of SCSS with increasing temperature. We have extrapolated our results to pressure-temperature conditions of the Earth's primitive magma ocean, and show that FeS will exsolve from the molten silicate and can effectively be extracted to the core by a process that has been termed the "Hadean Matte." We also discuss briefly the implications of our results for the lunar magma ocean.
KW  - Peridotitic melts
KW  - sulfur solubility
KW  - high pressure
KW  - high temperature
KW  - magma ocean
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2021-7649
SN  - 0003-004X
SN  - 1945-3027
VL  - 106
IS  - 11
SP  - 1835
EP  - 1843
PB  - Mineralogical Society of America
CY  - Washington, DC [u.a.]
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Diluiso, Francesca
A1  - Walk, Paula
A1  - Manych, Niccolo
A1  - Cerutti, Nicola
A1  - Chipiga, Vladislav
A1  - Workman, Annabelle
A1  - Ayas, Ceren
A1  - Cui, Ryna Yiyun
A1  - Cui, Diyang
A1  - Song, Kaihui
A1  - Banisch, Lucy A.
A1  - Moretti, Nikolaj
A1  - Callaghan, Max W.
A1  - Clarke, Leon
A1  - Creutzig, Felix
A1  - Hilaire, Jerome
A1  - Jotzo, Frank
A1  - Kalkuhl, Matthias
A1  - Lamb, William F.
A1  - Löschel, Andreas
A1  - Müller-Hansen, Finn
A1  - Nemet, Gregory F.
A1  - Oei, Pao-Yu
A1  - Sovacool, Benjamin K.
A1  - Steckel, Jan Christoph
A1  - Thomas, Sebastian
A1  - Wiseman, John
A1  - Minx, Jan C.
T1  - Coal transitions - part 1
BT  - a systematic map and review of case study learnings from regional, national, and local coal phase-out experiences
JF  - Environmental research letters
N2  - A rapid coal phase-out is needed to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement, but is hindered by serious challenges ranging from vested interests to the risks of social disruption. To understand how to organize a global coal phase-out, it is crucial to go beyond cost-effective climate mitigation scenarios and learn from the experience of previous coal transitions. Despite the relevance of the topic, evidence remains fragmented throughout different research fields, and not easily accessible. To address this gap, this paper provides a systematic map and comprehensive review of the literature on historical coal transitions. We use computer-assisted systematic mapping and review methods to chart and evaluate the available evidence on historical declines in coal production and consumption. We extracted a dataset of 278 case studies from 194 publications, covering coal transitions in 44 countries and ranging from the end of the 19th century until 2021. We find a relatively recent and rapidly expanding body of literature reflecting the growing importance of an early coal phase-out in scientific and political debates. Previous evidence has primarily focused on the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany, while other countries that experienced large coal declines, like those in Eastern Europe, are strongly underrepresented. An increasing number of studies, mostly published in the last 5 years, has been focusing on China. Most of the countries successfully reducing coal dependency have undergone both demand-side and supply-side transitions. This supports the use of policy approaches targeting both demand and supply to achieve a complete coal phase-out. From a political economy perspective, our dataset highlights that most transitions are driven by rising production costs for coal, falling prices for alternative energies, or local environmental concerns, especially regarding air pollution. The main challenges for coal-dependent regions are structural change transformations, in particular for industry and labor. Rising unemployment is the most largely documented outcome in the sample. Policymakers at multiple levels are instrumental in facilitating coal transitions. They rely mainly on regulatory instruments to foster the transitions and compensation schemes or investment plans to deal with their transformative processes. Even though many models suggest that coal phase-outs are among the low-hanging fruits on the way to climate neutrality and meeting the international climate goals, our case studies analysis highlights the intricate political economy at work that needs to be addressed through well-designed and just policies.
KW  - climate change mitigation
KW  - coal transitions
KW  - evidence synthesis
KW  - political economy
KW  - systematic map
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1b58
SN  - 1748-9326
VL  - 16
IS  - 11
PB  - Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)
CY  - Bristol
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Malchow, Anne-Kathleen
A1  - Bocedi, Greta
A1  - Palmer, Stephen C. F.
A1  - Travis, Justin M. J.
A1  - Zurell, Damaris
T1  - RangeShiftR
BT  - an R package for individual-based simulation of spatial changes
JF  - Ecography : pattern and diversity in ecology / Nordic Ecologic Society Oikos
N2  - Reliably modelling the demographic and distributional responses of a species to environmental changes can be crucial for successful conservation and management planning. Process-based models have the potential to achieve this goal, but so far they remain underused for predictions of species' distributions. Individual-based models offer the additional capability to model inter-individual variation and evolutionary dynamics and thus capture adaptive responses to environmental change. We present RangeShiftR, an R implementation of a flexible individual-based modelling platform which simulates eco-evolutionary dynamics in a spatially explicit way. The package provides flexible and fast simulations by making the software RangeShifter available for the widely used statistical programming platform R. The package features additional auxiliary functions to support model specification and analysis of results. We provide an outline of the package's functionality, describe the underlying model structure with its main components and present a short example. RangeShiftR offers substantial model complexity, especially for the demographic and dispersal processes. It comes with elaborate tutorials and comprehensive documentation to facilitate learning the software and provide help at all levels. As the core code is implemented in C++, the computations are fast. The complete source code is published under a public licence, making adaptations and contributions feasible. The RangeShiftR package facilitates the application of individual-based and mechanistic modelling to eco-evolutionary questions by operating a flexible and powerful simulation model from R. It allows effortless interoperation with existing packages to create streamlined workflows that can include data preparation, integrated model specification and results analysis. Moreover, the implementation in R strengthens the potential for coupling RangeShiftR with other models.
KW  - connectivity
KW  - conservation
KW  - dispersal
KW  - evolution
KW  - population dynamics
KW  - range dynamics
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05689
SN  - 1600-0587
VL  - 44
IS  - 10
SP  - 1443
EP  - 1452
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Oxford [u.a.]
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kim, Shin Woong
A1  - Leifheit, Eva F.
A1  - Maaß, Stefanie
A1  - Rillig, Matthias C.
T1  - Time-dependent toxicity of tire particles on soil nematodes
JF  - Frontiers in Environmental Science
N2  - Tire-wear particles (TWPs) are being released into the environment by wearing down during car driving, and are considered an important microplastic pollution source. The chemical additive leaching from these polymer-based materials and its potential effects are likely temporally dynamic, since amounts of potentially toxic compounds can gradually increase with contact time of plastic particles with surrounding media. In the present study, we conducted soil toxicity tests using the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans with different soil pre-incubation (30 and 75 days) and exposure (short-term exposure, 2 days; lifetime exposure, 10 days) times. Soil pre-incubation increased toxicity of TWPs, and the effective concentrations after the pre-incubation were much lower than environmentally relevant concentrations. The lifetime of C. elegans was reduced faster in the TWP treatment groups, and the effective concentration for lifetime exposure tests were 100- to 1,000-fold lower than those of short-term exposure tests. Water-extractable metal concentrations (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the TWP-soils showed no correlation with nominal TWP concentrations or pre-incubation times, and the incorporated metals in the TWPs may be not the main reason of toxicity in this study. Our results show that toxic effects of TWPs can be time-dependent, both in terms of the microplastic particles themselves and their interactions in the soil matrix, but also because of susceptibility of target organisms depending on developmental stage. It is vital that future works consider these aspects, since otherwise effects of microplastics and TWPs could be underestimated.
KW  - Caenorhabditis elegans
KW  - exposure time
KW  - lifetime
KW  - microplastics
KW  - soil
KW  - incubation
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.744668
SN  - 2296-665X
VL  - 9
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Soergel, Bjoern
A1  - Kriegler, Elmar
A1  - Weindl, Isabelle
A1  - Rauner, Sebastian
A1  - Dirnaichner, Alois
A1  - Ruhe, Constantin
A1  - Hofmann, Matthias
A1  - Bauer, Nico
A1  - Bertram, Christoph
A1  - Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon
A1  - Leimbach, Marian
A1  - Leininger, Julia
A1  - Levesque, Antoine
A1  - Luderer, Gunnar
A1  - Pehl, Michaja
A1  - Wingens, Christopher
A1  - Baumstark, Lavinia
A1  - Beier, Felicitas
A1  - Dietrich, Jan Philipp
A1  - Humpenöder, Florian
A1  - von Jeetze, Patrick
A1  - Klein, David
A1  - Koch, Johannes
A1  - Pietzcker, Robert C.
A1  - Strefler, Jessica
A1  - Lotze-Campen, Hermann
A1  - Popp, Alexander
T1  - A sustainable development pathway for climate action within the UN 2030 Agenda
JF  - Nature climate change
N2  - Ambitious climate policies, as well as economic development, education, technological progress and less resource-intensive lifestyles, are crucial elements for progress towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, using an integrated modelling framework covering 56 indicators or proxies across all 17 SDGs, we show that they are insufficient to reach the targets. An additional sustainable development package, including international climate finance, progressive redistribution of carbon pricing revenues, sufficient and healthy nutrition and improved access to modern energy, enables a more comprehensive sustainable development pathway. We quantify climate and SDG outcomes, showing that these interventions substantially boost progress towards many aspects of the UN Agenda 2030 and simultaneously facilitate reaching ambitious climate targets. Nonetheless, several important gaps remain; for example, with respect to the eradication of extreme poverty (180 million people remaining in 2030). These gaps can be closed by 2050 for many SDGs while also respecting the 1.5 °C target and several other planetary boundaries.
KW  - climate-change mitigation
KW  - climate-change policy
KW  - socioeconomic scenarios
KW  - sustainability
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-021-01098-3
SN  - 1758-678X
SN  - 1758-6798
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
SP  - 656
EP  - 664
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Strefler, Jessica
A1  - Kriegler, Elmar
A1  - Bauer, Nico
A1  - Luderer, Gunnar
A1  - Pietzcker, Robert C.
A1  - Giannousakis, Anastasis
A1  - Edenhofer, Ottmar
T1  - Alternative carbon price trajectories can avoid excessive carbon removal
JF  - Nature communications
N2  - The large majority of climate change mitigation scenarios that hold warming below 2 °C show high deployment of carbon dioxide removal (CDR), resulting in a peak-and-decline behavior in global temperature. This is driven by the assumption of an exponentially increasing carbon price trajectory which is perceived to be economically optimal for meeting a carbon budget. However, this optimality relies on the assumption that a finite carbon budget associated with a temperature target is filled up steadily over time. The availability of net carbon removals invalidates this assumption and therefore a different carbon price trajectory should be chosen. We show how the optimal carbon price path for remaining well below 2 °C limits CDR demand and analyze requirements for constructing alternatives, which may be easier to implement in reality. We show that warming can be held at well below 2 °C at much lower long-term economic effort and lower CDR deployment and therefore lower risks if carbon prices are high enough in the beginning to ensure target compliance, but increase at a lower rate after carbon neutrality has been reached.
KW  - climate-change mitigation
KW  - climate sciences
KW  - environmental sciences
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22211-2
SN  - 2041-1723
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Santamans, Carla Daniela
A1  - Cordoba, Francisco E.
A1  - Franco, María G.
A1  - Vignoni, Paula
A1  - Lupo, Liliana C.
T1  - Hydro-climatological variability in Lagunas de Vilama System, Argentinean Altiplano-Puna Plateau, Southern Tropical Andes (22 degrees S) and its response to large-scale climate forcings
JF  - The science of the total environment : an international journal for scientific research into the environment and its relationship with man
N2  - The Altiplano-Puna Plateau holds several shallow lakes, which are very sensitive to climate changes. This work is focused on a high-altitude lake system called Lagunas de Vilama (LVS), located in a complex climatic transition area with scarcity of continuous and homogeneous instrumental records. The objective of this study is to determine the regional spatial-temporal variability of precipitation and evaluate the seasonal and interannual lake responses. We use a lake-surfaces record derived from Landsat images to investigate links with regional precipitations and different climatic forcings. The results reveal that austral summer and autumn precipitations control the variability of the annual lake-surfaces. Also, we found intra-annual and interannual lags in the lake responses to precipitations, and identified several wet and dry stages. Our results show negative trends in precipitations and lake-surfaces, whose were strengthened by a shift to a warm phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation in the 1990s. The El Nino Southern Oscillation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and Southern Annular Mode also exert a strong influence in the region. This study demonstrates that the variability of LVS lakes is strongly related to the South American Monsoon System dynamics and large-scale climate fordngs from the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. This work provides novel indices which demonstrated to be good indicators of regional hydroclimatological variability for this region of South America.
KW  - Lake-surfaces variability
KW  - Precipitation variability
KW  - Hydro-meteorological indices
KW  - Regional forcings
KW  - South American Monsoon
KW  - System
KW  - Andean plateau
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144926
SN  - 0048-9697
SN  - 1879-1026
VL  - 767
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - RPRT
A1  - Hänsel, Martin C.
A1  - Franks, Max
A1  - Kalkuhl, Matthias
A1  - Edenhofer, Ottmar
T1  - Optimal carbon taxation and horizontal equity
BT  - A welfare-theoretic approach with application to German household data
T2  - CEPA Discussion Papers
N2  - We develop a model of optimal carbon taxation and redistribution taking into account horizontal equity concerns by considering heterogeneous energy efficiencies. By deriving first- and second-best rules for policy instruments including carbon taxes, transfers and energy subsidies, we then investigate analytically how horizontal equity is considered in the social welfare maximizing tax structure. We calibrate the model to German household data and a 30 percent emission reduction goal. Our results show that energy-intensive households should receive more redistributive resources than energy-efficient households if and only if social inequality aversion is sufficiently high. We further find that redistribution of carbon tax revenue via household-specific transfers is the first-best policy. Equal per-capita transfers do not suffer from informational problems, but increase mitigation costs by around 15 percent compared to the first- best for unity inequality aversion. Adding renewable energy subsidies or non-linear energy subsidies, reduces mitigation costs further without relying on observability of households’ energy efficiency.
T3  - CEPA Discussion Papers - 28 
KW  - carbon price
KW  - horizontal equity
KW  - redistribution
KW  - renewable energy subsidies
KW  - climate policy
KW  - just transition
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-498128
SN  - 2628-653X
IS  - 28
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Glinyanova, Maria
A1  - Bouncken, Ricarda B.
A1  - Tiberius, Victor
A1  - Cuenca Ballester, Antonio C.
T1  - Five decades of corporate entrepreneurship research
BT  - Measuring and mapping the field
JF  - International entrepreneurship and management journal
N2  - Research on corporate entrepreneurship—venturing activities by established corporations—has received increasing scholarly attention. We employ bibliometric methods to analyze the literature on corporate entrepreneurship published over the last five decades. Based on the results of citation and co-citation analyses, we reveal central works in the field and how they are interconnected. We investigate the underlying intellectual structure of the field. Our findings provide evidence of the growing maturity and interdisciplinarity of corporate entrepreneurship and provide insight into research themes. We find that resource-based view and its extensions still remain the predominant theoretical perspectives in the field. Drawing on these findings, we suggest directions for future research.
KW  - corporate entrepreneurship
KW  - bibliometric analysis
KW  - co-citation analysis
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-020-00711-9
SN  - 1554-7191
SN  - 1555-1938
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
SP  - 1731
EP  - 1757
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dorsch, Matti
A1  - Jeffery, C. Simon
A1  - Irrgang, Andreas
A1  - Woolf, Vincent
A1  - Heber, Ulrich
T1  - EC 22536-5304
BT  - a lead-rich and metal-poor long-period binary
JF  - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2  - Helium-burning hot subdwarf stars of spectral types O and B (sdO/B) are thought to be produced through various types of binary interactions. The helium-rich hot subdwarf star EC 22536-5304 was recently found to be extremely enriched in lead. Here, we show that EC 22536-5304 is a binary star with a metal-poor subdwarf F-type (sdF) companion. We performed a detailed analysis of high-resolution SALT/HRS and VLT/UVES spectra, deriving metal abundances for the hot subdwarf, as well as atmospheric parameters for both components. Because we consider the contribution of the sdF star, the derived lead abundance for the sdOB, + 6.3 +/- 0.3 dex relative to solar, is even higher than previously thought. We derive T-eff = 6210 +/- 70 K, log g = 4.64 +/- 0.10, [FE/H] = - 1.95 +/- 0.04, and [alpha/Fe] = + 0.40 +/- 0.04 for the sdF component. Radial velocity variations, although poorly sampled at present, indicate that the binary system has a long orbital period of about 457 days. This suggests that the system was likely formed through stable Roche lobe overflow (RLOF). A kinematic analysis shows that EC 22536-5304 is on an eccentric orbit around the Galactic centre. This, as well as the low metallicity and strong alpha enhancement of the sdF-type companion, indicate that EC 22536-5304 is part of the Galactic halo or metal-weak thick disc. As the first long-period hot subdwarf binary at [FE/H] less than or similar to- 1, EC 22536-5304 may help to constrain the RLOF mechanism for mass transfer from low-mass, low-metallicity red giant branch (RGB) stars to main-sequence companions.
KW  - stars: abundances
KW  - stars: chemically peculiar
KW  - subdwarfs
KW  - stars: individual: EC 22536-5304
KW  - binaries: spectroscopic
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141381
SN  - 1432-0746
VL  - 653
PB  - EDP Sciences
CY  - Les Ulis
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Kasmi, Sofien
A1  - Zouhal, Hassane
A1  - Hammami, Raouf
A1  - Clark, Cain Craig Truman
A1  - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1  - Hammami, Amri
A1  - Chtara, Moktar
A1  - Chortane, Sabri Gaied
A1  - Ben Salah, Fatma Zohra
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Ben Ounis, Omar
T1  - The Effects of Eccentric and Plyometric Training Programs and Their Combination on Stability and the Functional Performance in the Post-ACL-Surgical Rehabilitation Period of Elite Female Athletes
T2  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Background: The standard method to treat physically active patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is ligament reconstruction surgery. The rehabilitation training program is very important to improve functional performance in recreational athletes following ACL reconstruction.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to compare the effects of three different training programs, eccentric training (ECC), plyometric training (PLYO), or combined eccentric and plyometric training (COMB), on dynamic balance (Y-BAL), the Lysholm Knee Scale (LKS), the return to sport index (RSI), and the leg symmetry index (LSI) for the single leg hop test for distance in elite female athletes after ACL surgery.

Materials and Methods: Fourteen weeks after rehabilitation from surgery, 40 elite female athletes (20.3 ± 3.2 years), who had undergone an ACL reconstruction, participated in a short-term (6 weeks; two times a week) training study. All participants received the same rehabilitation protocol prior to the training study. Athletes were randomly assigned to three experimental groups, ECC (n = 10), PLYO (n = 10), and COMB (n = 10), and to a control group (CON: n = 10). Testing was conducted before and after the 6-week training programs and included the Y-BAL, LKS, and RSI. LSI was assessed after the 6-week training programs only.

Results: Adherence rate was 100% across all groups and no training or test-related injuries were reported. No significant between-group baseline differences (pre-6-week training) were observed for any of the parameters. Significant group-by-time interactions were found for Y-BAL (p < 0.001, ES = 1.73), LKS (p < 0.001, ES = 0.76), and RSI (p < 0.001, ES = 1.39). Contrast analysis demonstrated that COMB yielded significantly greater improvements in Y-BAL, LKS, and RSI (all p < 0.001), in addition to significantly better performances in LSI (all p < 0.001), than CON, PLYO, and ECC, respectively.

Conclusion: In conclusion, combined (eccentric/plyometric) training seems to represent the most effective training method as it exerts positive effects on both stability and functional performance in the post-ACL-surgical rehabilitation period of elite female athletes.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 751 
KW  - return-to-sport
KW  - anterior cruciate ligament
KW  - eccentric-plyometric
KW  - training
KW  - stability
KW  - functional performance
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-543939
SN  - 1866-8364
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Sariati, Dorsaf
A1  - Zouhal, Hassane
A1  - Hammami, Raouf
A1  - Clark, Cain Craig Truman
A1  - Nebigh, Ammar
A1  - Chtara, Moktar
A1  - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1  - Souissi, Nizar
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Ben Ounis, Omar
T1  - Association Between Mental Imagery and Change of Direction Performance in Young Elite Soccer Players of Different Maturity Status
T2  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Previous studies have not considered the potential influence of maturity status on the relationship between mental imagery and change of direction (CoD) speed in youth soccer. Accordingly, this cross-sectional study examined the association between mental imagery and CoD performance in young elite soccer players of different maturity status. Forty young male soccer players, aged 10-17 years, were assigned into two groups according to their predicted age at peak height velocity (PHV) (Pre-PHV; n = 20 and Post-PHV; n = 20). Participants were evaluated on soccer-specific tests of CoD with (CoDBall-15m) and without (CoD-15m) the ball. Participants completed the movement imagery questionnaire (MIQ) with the three- dimensional structure, internal visual imagery (IVI), external visual imagery (EVI), as well as kinesthetic imagery (KI). The Post-PHV players achieved significantly better results than Pre-PHV in EVI (ES = 1.58, large; p < 0.001), CoD-15m (ES = 2.09, very large; p < 0.001) and CoDBall-15m (ES = 1.60, large; p < 0.001). Correlations were significantly different between maturity groups, where, for the pre-PHV group, a negative very large correlation was observed between CoDBall-15m and KI (r = –0.73, p = 0.001). For the post-PHV group, large negative correlations were observed between CoD-15m and IVI (r = –0.55, p = 0.011), EVI (r = –062, p = 0.003), and KI (r = –0.52, p = 0.020). A large negative correlation of CoDBall-15m with EVI (r = –0.55, p = 0.012) and very large correlation with KI (r = –0.79, p = 0.001) were also observed. This study provides evidence of the theoretical and practical use for the CoD tasks stimulus with imagery. We recommend that sport psychology specialists, coaches, and athletes integrated imagery for CoD tasks in pre-pubertal soccer players to further improve CoD related performance.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 754 
KW  - mental imagery
KW  - football
KW  - maturation
KW  - speed
KW  - adolescents
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-544655
SN  - 1866-8364
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ahmadi, Hamid
A1  - Herat, Nehara
A1  - Alizadeh, Shahab
A1  - Button, Duane C.
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Behm, David G.
T1  - Effect of an inverted seated position with upper arm blood flow restriction on measures of elbow flexors neuromuscular performance
JF  - PLOS ONE / Public Library of Science
N2  - Purpose
The objective of the investigation was to determine the concomitant effects of upper arm blood flow restriction (BFR) and inversion on elbow flexors neuromuscular responses. 

Methods 
Randomly allocated, 13 volunteers performed four conditions in a within-subject design: rest (control, 1-min upright position without BFR), control (1-min upright with BFR), 1-min inverted (without BFR), and 1-min inverted with BFR. Evoked and voluntary contractile properties, before, during and after a 30-s maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) exercise intervention were examined as well as pain scale. 

Results
Inversion induced significant pre-exercise intervention decreases in elbow flexors MVC (21.1%, Z2p = 0.48, p = 0.02) and resting evoked twitch forces (29.4%, Z2p = 0.34, p = 0.03). The 30-s MVC induced significantly greater pre- to post-test decreases in potentiated twitch force (Z2p = 0.61, p = 0.0009) during inversion (75%) than upright (65.3%) conditions. Overall, BFR decreased MVC force 4.8% (Z2p = 0.37, p = 0.05). For upright position, BFR induced 21.0% reductions in M-wave amplitude (Z2p = 0.44, p = 0.04). There were no significant differences for electromyographic activity or voluntary activation as measured with the interpolated twitch technique. For all conditions, there was a significant increase in pain scale between the 40-60 s intervals and post-30-s MVC (upright< inversion, and without BFR< BFR). 

Conclusion
The concomitant application of inversion with elbow flexors BFR only amplified neuromuscular performance impairments to a small degree. Individuals who execute forceful contractions when inverted or with BFR should be cognizant that force output may be impaired.
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245311
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  -