TY - GEN
A1 - Gorski, Mathias
A1 - Jung, Bettina
A1 - Li, Yong
A1 - Matias-Garcia, Pamela R.
A1 - Wuttke, Matthias
A1 - Coassin, Stefan
A1 - Thio, Chris H. L.
A1 - Kleber, Marcus E.
A1 - Winkler, Thomas W.
A1 - Wanner, Veronika
A1 - Chai, Jin-Fang
A1 - Chu, Audrey Y.
A1 - Cocca, Massimiliano
A1 - Feitosa, Mary F.
A1 - Ghasemi, Sahar
A1 - Hoppmann, Anselm
A1 - Horn, Katrin
A1 - Li, Man
A1 - Nutile, Teresa
A1 - Scholz, Markus
A1 - Sieber, Karsten B.
A1 - Teumer, Alexander
A1 - Tin, Adrienne
A1 - Wang, Judy
A1 - Tayo, Bamidele O.
A1 - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S.
A1 - Almgren, Peter
A1 - Bakker, Stephan J. L.
A1 - Banas, Bernhard
A1 - Bansal, Nisha
A1 - Biggs, Mary L.
A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric
A1 - Böttinger, Erwin
A1 - Brenner, Hermann
A1 - Carroll, Robert J.
A1 - Chalmers, John
A1 - Chee, Miao-Li
A1 - Chee, Miao-Ling
A1 - Cheng, Ching-Yu
A1 - Coresh, Josef
A1 - de Borst, Martin H.
A1 - Degenhardt, Frauke
A1 - Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
A1 - Endlich, Karlhans
A1 - Franke, Andre
A1 - Freitag-Wolf, Sandra
A1 - Gampawar, Piyush
A1 - Gansevoort, Ron T.
A1 - Ghanbari, Mohsen
A1 - Gieger, Christian
A1 - Hamet, Pavel
A1 - Ho, Kevin
A1 - Hofer, Edith
A1 - Holleczek, Bernd
A1 - Foo, Valencia Hui Xian
A1 - Hutri-Kahonen, Nina
A1 - Hwang, Shih-Jen
A1 - Ikram, M. Arfan
A1 - Josyula, Navya Shilpa
A1 - Kahonen, Mika
A1 - Khor, Chiea-Chuen
A1 - Koenig, Wolfgang
A1 - Kramer, Holly
A1 - Kraemer, Bernhard K.
A1 - Kuehnel, Brigitte
A1 - Lange, Leslie A.
A1 - Lehtimaki, Terho
A1 - Lieb, Wolfgang
A1 - Loos, Ruth J. F.
A1 - Lukas, Mary Ann
A1 - Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka
A1 - Meisinger, Christa
A1 - Meitinger, Thomas
A1 - Melander, Olle
A1 - Milaneschi, Yuri
A1 - Mishra, Pashupati P.
A1 - Mononen, Nina
A1 - Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.
A1 - Nadkarni, Girish N.
A1 - Nauck, Matthias
A1 - Nikus, Kjell
A1 - Ning, Boting
A1 - Nolte, Ilja M.
A1 - O'Donoghue, Michelle L.
A1 - Orho-Melander, Marju
A1 - Pendergrass, Sarah A.
A1 - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
A1 - Preuss, Michael H.
A1 - Psaty, Bruce M.
A1 - Raffield, Laura M.
A1 - Raitakari, Olli T.
A1 - Rettig, Rainer
A1 - Rheinberger, Myriam
A1 - Rice, Kenneth M.
A1 - Rosenkranz, Alexander R.
A1 - Rossing, Peter
A1 - Rotter, Jerome
A1 - Sabanayagam, Charumathi
A1 - Schmidt, Helena
A1 - Schmidt, Reinhold
A1 - Schoettker, Ben
A1 - Schulz, Christina-Alexandra
A1 - Sedaghat, Sanaz
A1 - Shaffer, Christian M.
A1 - Strauch, Konstantin
A1 - Szymczak, Silke
A1 - Taylor, Kent D.
A1 - Tremblay, Johanne
A1 - Chaker, Layal
A1 - van der Harst, Pim
A1 - van der Most, Peter J.
A1 - Verweij, Niek
A1 - Voelker, Uwe
A1 - Waldenberger, Melanie
A1 - Wallentin, Lars
A1 - Waterworth, Dawn M.
A1 - White, Harvey D.
A1 - Wilson, James G.
A1 - Wong, Tien-Yin
A1 - Woodward, Mark
A1 - Yang, Qiong
A1 - Yasuda, Masayuki
A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M.
A1 - Zhang, Yan
A1 - Snieder, Harold
A1 - Wanner, Christoph
A1 - Boger, Carsten A.
A1 - Kottgen, Anna
A1 - Kronenberg, Florian
A1 - Pattaro, Cristian
A1 - Heid, Iris M.
T1 - Meta-analysis uncovers genome-wide significant variants for rapid kidney function decline
T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakultät
N2 - Rapid decline of glomerular filtration rate estimated from creatinine (eGFRcrea) is associated with severe clinical endpoints. In contrast to cross-sectionally assessed eGFRcrea, the genetic basis for rapid eGFRcrea decline is largely unknown. To help define this, we meta-analyzed 42 genome-wide association studies from the Chronic Kidney Diseases Genetics Consortium and United Kingdom Biobank to identify genetic loci for rapid eGFRcrea decline. Two definitions of eGFRcrea decline were used: 3 mL/min/1.73m(2)/year or more ("Rapid3"; encompassing 34,874 cases, 107,090 controls) and eGFRcrea decline 25% or more and eGFRcrea under 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) at follow-up among those with eGFRcrea 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) or more at baseline ("CKDi25"; encompassing 19,901 cases, 175,244 controls). Seven independent variants were identified across six loci for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25: consisting of five variants at four loci with genome-wide significance (near UMOD-PDILT (2), PRKAG2, WDR72, OR2S2) and two variants among 265 known eGFRcrea variants (near GATM, LARP4B). All these loci were novel for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25 and our bioinformatic follow-up prioritized variants and genes underneath these loci. The OR2S2 locus is novel for any eGFRcrea trait including interesting candidates. For the five genome-wide significant lead variants, we found supporting effects for annual change in blood urea nitrogen or cystatin-based eGFR, but not for GATM or (LARP4B). Individuals at high compared to those at low genetic risk (8-14 vs. 0-5 adverse alleles) had a 1.20-fold increased risk of acute kidney injury (95% confidence interval 1.08-1.33). Thus, our identified loci for rapid kidney function decline may help prioritize therapeutic targets and identify mechanisms and individuals at risk for sustained deterioration of kidney function.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakultät - 19
KW - acute kidney injury
KW - end-stage kidney disease
KW - genome-wide association
KW - study
KW - rapid eGFRcrea decline
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-565379
IS - 19
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rothwell, Joseph A.
A1 - Murphy, Neil
A1 - Aleksandrova, Krasimira
A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1 - Bešević, Jelena
A1 - Kliemann, Nathalie
A1 - Jenab, Mazda
A1 - Ferrari, Pietro
A1 - Achaintre, David
A1 - Gicquiau, Audrey
A1 - Vozar, Béatrice
A1 - Scalbert, Augustin
A1 - Huybrechts, Inge
A1 - Freisling, Heinz
A1 - Prehn, Cornelia
A1 - Adamski, Jerzy
A1 - Cross, Amanda J.
A1 - Pala, Valeria Maria
A1 - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
A1 - Dahm, Christina C.
A1 - Overvad, Kim
A1 - Gram, Inger Torhild
A1 - Sandanger, Torkjel M.
A1 - Skeie, Guri
A1 - Jakszyn, Paula
A1 - Tsilidis, Kostas K.
A1 - Hughes, David J.
A1 - van Guelpen, Bethany
A1 - Bodén, Stina
A1 - Sánchez, Maria-José
A1 - Schmidt, Julie A.
A1 - Katzke, Verena
A1 - Kühn, Tilman
A1 - Colorado-Yohar, Sandra
A1 - Tumino, Rosario
A1 - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
A1 - Vineis, Paolo
A1 - Masala, Giovanna
A1 - Panico, Salvatore
A1 - Eriksen, Anne Kirstine
A1 - Tjønneland, Anne
A1 - Aune, Dagfinn
A1 - Weiderpass, Elisabete
A1 - Severi, Gianluca
A1 - Chajès, Véronique
A1 - Gunter, Marc J.
T1 - Metabolic signatures of healthy lifestyle patterns and colorectal cancer risk in a European cohort
JF - Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology
N2 - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colorectal cancer risk can be lowered by adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) guidelines. We derived metabolic signatures of adherence to these guidelines and tested their associations with colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort.
METHODS: Scores reflecting adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (scale, 1-5) were calculated from participant data on weight maintenance, physical activity, diet, and alcohol among a discovery set of 5738 cancer-free European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition participants with metabolomics data. Partial least-squares regression was used to derive fatty acid and endogenous metabolite signatures of the WCRF/AICR score in this group. In an independent set of 1608 colorectal cancer cases and matched controls, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated for colorectal cancer risk per unit increase in WCRF/AICR score and per the corresponding change in metabolic signatures using multivariable conditional logistic regression.
RESULTS: Higher WCRF/AICR scores were characterized by metabolic signatures of increased odd-chain fatty acids, serine, glycine, and specific phosphatidylcholines. Signatures were inversely associated more strongly with colorectal cancer risk (fatty acids: OR, 0.51 per unit increase; 95% CI, 0.29-0.90; endogenous metabolites: OR, 0.62 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.50-0.78) than the WCRF/AICR score (OR, 0.93 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.86-1.00) overall. Signature associations were stronger in male compared with female participants.
CONCLUSIONS: Metabolite profiles reflecting adherence to WCRF/AICR guidelines and additional lifestyle or biological risk factors were associated with colorectal cancer. Measuring a specific panel of metabolites representative of a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle may identify strata of the population at higher risk of colorectal cancer.
KW - colorectal neoplasm
KW - risk factors
KW - World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations
KW - targeted metabolomics
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.11.045
SN - 1542-3565
SN - 1542-7714
VL - 20
SP - E1061
EP - E1082
PB - Elsevier
CY - New York, NY
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Barbolini, Natasha
A1 - Woutersen, Amber
A1 - Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume
A1 - Silvestro, Daniele
A1 - Tardif-Becquet, Delphine
A1 - Coster, Pauline M. C.
A1 - Meijer, Niels
A1 - Chang, Cun
A1 - Zhang, Hou-Xi
A1 - Licht, Alexis
A1 - Rydin, Catarina
A1 - Koutsodendris, Andreas
A1 - Han, Fang
A1 - Rohrmann, Alexander
A1 - Liu, Xiang-Jun
A1 - Zhang, Y.
A1 - Donnadieu, Yannick
A1 - Fluteau, Frederic
A1 - Ladant, Jean-Baptiste
A1 - Le Hir, Guillaume
A1 - Hoorn, M. Carina
T1 - Cenozoic evolution of the steppe-desert biome in Central Asia
JF - Science Advances
N2 - The origins and development of the arid and highly seasonal steppe-desert biome in Central Asia, the largest of its kind in the world, remain largely unconstrained by existing records. It is unclear how Cenozoic climatic, geological, and biological forces, acting at diverse spatial and temporal scales, shaped Central Asian ecosystems through time. Our synthesis shows that the Central Asian steppe-desert has existed since at least Eocene times but experienced no less than two regime shifts, one at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition and one in the mid-Miocene. These shifts separated three successive "stable states," each characterized by unique floral and faunal structures. Past responses to disturbance in the Asian steppe-desert imply that modern ecosystems are unlikely to recover their present structures and diversity if forced into a new regime. This is of concern for Asian steppes today, which are being modified for human use and lost to desertification at unprecedented rates.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb8227
SN - 2375-2548
VL - 6
IS - 41
PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Vaid, Akhil
A1 - Somani, Sulaiman
A1 - Russak, Adam J.
A1 - De Freitas, Jessica K.
A1 - Chaudhry, Fayzan F.
A1 - Paranjpe, Ishan
A1 - Johnson, Kipp W.
A1 - Lee, Samuel J.
A1 - Miotto, Riccardo
A1 - Richter, Felix
A1 - Zhao, Shan
A1 - Beckmann, Noam D.
A1 - Naik, Nidhi
A1 - Kia, Arash
A1 - Timsina, Prem
A1 - Lala, Anuradha
A1 - Paranjpe, Manish
A1 - Golden, Eddye
A1 - Danieletto, Matteo
A1 - Singh, Manbir
A1 - Meyer, Dara
A1 - O'Reilly, Paul F.
A1 - Huckins, Laura
A1 - Kovatch, Patricia
A1 - Finkelstein, Joseph
A1 - Freeman, Robert M.
A1 - Argulian, Edgar
A1 - Kasarskis, Andrew
A1 - Percha, Bethany
A1 - Aberg, Judith A.
A1 - Bagiella, Emilia
A1 - Horowitz, Carol R.
A1 - Murphy, Barbara
A1 - Nestler, Eric J.
A1 - Schadt, Eric E.
A1 - Cho, Judy H.
A1 - Cordon-Cardo, Carlos
A1 - Fuster, Valentin
A1 - Charney, Dennis S.
A1 - Reich, David L.
A1 - Böttinger, Erwin
A1 - Levin, Matthew A.
A1 - Narula, Jagat
A1 - Fayad, Zahi A.
A1 - Just, Allan C.
A1 - Charney, Alexander W.
A1 - Nadkarni, Girish N.
A1 - Glicksberg, Benjamin S.
T1 - Machine learning to predict mortality and critical events in a cohort of patients with COVID-19 in New York City: model development and validation
JF - Journal of medical internet research : international scientific journal for medical research, information and communication on the internet ; JMIR
N2 - Background:
COVID-19 has infected millions of people worldwide and is responsible for several hundred thousand fatalities. The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated thoughtful resource allocation and early identification of high-risk patients. However, effective methods to meet these needs are lacking.
Objective:
The aims of this study were to analyze the electronic health records (EHRs) of patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were admitted to hospitals in the Mount Sinai Health System in New York City; to develop machine learning models for making predictions about the hospital course of the patients over clinically meaningful time horizons based on patient characteristics at admission; and to assess the performance of these models at multiple hospitals and time points.
Methods:
We used Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and baseline comparator models to predict in-hospital mortality and critical events at time windows of 3, 5, 7, and 10 days from admission. Our study population included harmonized EHR data from five hospitals in New York City for 4098 COVID-19-positive patients admitted from March 15 to May 22, 2020. The models were first trained on patients from a single hospital (n=1514) before or on May 1, externally validated on patients from four other hospitals (n=2201) before or on May 1, and prospectively validated on all patients after May 1 (n=383). Finally, we established model interpretability to identify and rank variables that drive model predictions.
Results:
Upon cross-validation, the XGBoost classifier outperformed baseline models, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) for mortality of 0.89 at 3 days, 0.85 at 5 and 7 days, and 0.84 at 10 days. XGBoost also performed well for critical event prediction, with an AUC-ROC of 0.80 at 3 days, 0.79 at 5 days, 0.80 at 7 days, and 0.81 at 10 days. In external validation, XGBoost achieved an AUC-ROC of 0.88 at 3 days, 0.86 at 5 days, 0.86 at 7 days, and 0.84 at 10 days for mortality prediction. Similarly, the unimputed XGBoost model achieved an AUC-ROC of 0.78 at 3 days, 0.79 at 5 days, 0.80 at 7 days, and 0.81 at 10 days. Trends in performance on prospective validation sets were similar. At 7 days, acute kidney injury on admission, elevated LDH, tachypnea, and hyperglycemia were the strongest drivers of critical event prediction, while higher age, anion gap, and C-reactive protein were the strongest drivers of mortality prediction.
Conclusions:
We externally and prospectively trained and validated machine learning models for mortality and critical events for patients with COVID-19 at different time horizons. These models identified at-risk patients and uncovered underlying relationships that predicted outcomes.
KW - machine learning
KW - COVID-19
KW - electronic health record
KW - TRIPOD
KW - clinical
KW - informatics
KW - prediction
KW - mortality
KW - EHR
KW - cohort
KW - hospital
KW - performance
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.2196/24018
SN - 1439-4456
SN - 1438-8871
VL - 22
IS - 11
PB - Healthcare World
CY - Richmond, Va.
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Abdalla, H.
A1 - Adam, R.
A1 - Aharonian, Felix A.
A1 - Benkhali, F. Ait
A1 - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
A1 - Arcaro, C.
A1 - Armand, C.
A1 - Armstrong, T.
A1 - Ashkar, H.
A1 - Backes, M.
A1 - Baghmanyan, V.
A1 - Martins, V. Barbosa
A1 - Barnacka, A.
A1 - Barnard, M.
A1 - Becherini, Y.
A1 - Berge, D.
A1 - Bernlohr, K.
A1 - Bi, B.
A1 - Bottcher, M.
A1 - Boisson, C.
A1 - Bolmont, J.
A1 - de Lavergne, M. de Bony
A1 - Bordas, Pol
A1 - Breuhaus, M.
A1 - Brun, F.
A1 - Brun, P.
A1 - Bryan, M.
A1 - Buchele, M.
A1 - Bulik, T.
A1 - Bylund, T.
A1 - Caroff, S.
A1 - Carosi, A.
A1 - Casanova, Sabrina
A1 - Chand, T.
A1 - Chandra, S.
A1 - Chen, A.
A1 - Cotter, G.
A1 - Curylo, M.
A1 - Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene
A1 - Davids, I. D.
A1 - Davies, J.
A1 - Deil, C.
A1 - Devin, J.
A1 - deWilt, P.
A1 - Dirson, L.
A1 - Djannati-Atai, A.
A1 - Dmytriiev, A.
A1 - Donath, A.
A1 - Doroshenko, V.
A1 - Duffy, C.
A1 - Dyks, J.
A1 - Egberts, Kathrin
A1 - Eichhorn, F.
A1 - Einecke, S.
A1 - Emery, G.
A1 - Ernenwein, J. -P.
A1 - Feijen, K.
A1 - Fegan, S.
A1 - Fiasson, A.
A1 - de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet
A1 - Fontaine, G.
A1 - Funk, S.
A1 - Fussling, Matthias
A1 - Gabici, S.
A1 - Gallant, Y. A.
A1 - Giavitto, G.
A1 - Giunti, L.
A1 - Glawion, D.
A1 - Glicenstein, J. F.
A1 - Gottschall, D.
A1 - Grondin, M. -H.
A1 - Hahn, J.
A1 - Haupt, M.
A1 - Hermann, G.
A1 - Hinton, J. A.
A1 - Hofmann, W.
A1 - Hoischen, Clemens
A1 - Holch, T. L.
A1 - Holler, M.
A1 - Horbe, M.
A1 - Horns, D.
A1 - Huber, D.
A1 - Jamrozy, M.
A1 - Jankowsky, D.
A1 - Jankowsky, F.
A1 - Jardin-Blicq, A.
A1 - Joshi, V.
A1 - Jung-Richardt, I.
A1 - Kasai, E.
A1 - Kastendieck, M. A.
A1 - Katarzynski, K.
A1 - Katz, U.
A1 - Khangulyan, D.
A1 - Khelifi, B.
A1 - Klepser, S.
A1 - Kluzniak, W.
A1 - Komin, Nu.
A1 - Konno, R.
A1 - Kosack, K.
A1 - Kostunin, D.
A1 - Kreter, M.
A1 - Lamanna, G.
A1 - Lemiere, A.
A1 - Lemoine-Goumard, M.
A1 - Lenain, J. -P.
A1 - Levy, C.
A1 - Lohse, T.
A1 - Lypova, I.
A1 - Mackey, J.
A1 - Majumdar, J.
A1 - Malyshev, D.
A1 - Malyshev, D.
A1 - Marandon, V.
A1 - Marchegiani, P.
A1 - Marcowith, Alexandre
A1 - Mares, A.
A1 - Marti-Devesa, G.
A1 - Marx, R.
A1 - Maurin, G.
A1 - Meintjes, P. J.
A1 - Meyer, M.
A1 - Mitchell, A.
A1 - Moderski, R.
A1 - Mohamed, M.
A1 - Mohrmann, L.
A1 - Montanari, A.
A1 - Moore, C.
A1 - Morris, P.
A1 - Moulin, Emmanuel
A1 - Muller, J.
A1 - Murach, T.
A1 - Nakashima, K.
A1 - Nayerhoda, A.
A1 - de Naurois, M.
A1 - Ndiyavala, H.
A1 - Niederwanger, F.
A1 - Niemiec, J.
A1 - Oakes, L.
A1 - O'Brien, Patrick
A1 - Odaka, H.
A1 - Ohm, S.
A1 - Olivera-Nieto, L.
A1 - Wilhelmi, E. de Ona
A1 - Ostrowski, M.
A1 - Oya, I.
A1 - Panter, M.
A1 - Panny, S.
A1 - Parsons, R. D.
A1 - Peron, G.
A1 - Peyaud, B.
A1 - Piel, Q.
A1 - Pita, S.
A1 - Poireau, V.
A1 - Noel, A. Priyana
A1 - Prokhorov, D. A.
A1 - Prokoph, H.
A1 - Puhlhofer, G.
A1 - Punch, M.
A1 - Quirrenbach, A.
A1 - Raab, S.
A1 - Rauth, R.
A1 - Reichherzer, P.
A1 - Reimer, A.
A1 - Reimer, O.
A1 - Remy, Q.
A1 - Renaud, M.
A1 - Rieger, F.
A1 - Rinchiuso, L.
A1 - Romoli, C.
A1 - Rowell, G.
A1 - Rudak, B.
A1 - Ruiz-Velasco, E.
A1 - Sahakian, V.
A1 - Sailer, S.
A1 - Sanchez, D. A.
A1 - Santangelo, Andrea
A1 - Sasaki, M.
A1 - Scalici, M.
A1 - Schussler, F.
A1 - Schutte, H. M.
A1 - Schwanke, U.
A1 - Schwemmer, S.
A1 - Seglar-Arroyo, M.
A1 - Senniappan, M.
A1 - Seyffert, A. S.
A1 - Shafi, N.
A1 - Shiningayamwe, K.
A1 - Simoni, R.
A1 - Sinha, A.
A1 - Sol, H.
A1 - Specovius, A.
A1 - Spencer, S.
A1 - Spir-Jacob, M.
A1 - Stawarz, L.
A1 - Sun, L.
A1 - Steenkamp, R.
A1 - Stegmann, C.
A1 - Steinmassl, S.
A1 - Steppa, C.
A1 - Takahashi, T.
A1 - Tavernier, T.
A1 - Taylor, A. M.
A1 - Terrier, R.
A1 - Tiziani, D.
A1 - Tluczykont, M.
A1 - Tomankova, L.
A1 - Trichard, C.
A1 - Tsirou, M.
A1 - Tuffs, R.
A1 - Uchiyama, Y.
A1 - van der Walt, D. J.
A1 - van Eldik, C.
A1 - van Rensburg, C.
A1 - van Soelen, B.
A1 - Vasileiadis, G.
A1 - Veh, J.
A1 - Venter, C.
A1 - Vincent, P.
A1 - Vink, J.
A1 - Volk, H. J.
A1 - Vuillaume, T.
A1 - Wadiasingh, Z.
A1 - Wagner, S. J.
A1 - Watson, J.
A1 - Werner, F.
A1 - White, R.
A1 - Wierzcholska, A.
A1 - Wong, Yu Wun
A1 - Yusafzai, A.
A1 - Zacharias, M.
A1 - Zanin, R.
A1 - Zargaryan, D.
A1 - Zdziarski, A. A.
A1 - Zech, Alraune
A1 - Zhu, S. J.
A1 - Ziegler, A.
A1 - Zorn, J.
A1 - Zouari, S.
A1 - Zywucka, N.
T1 - An extreme particle accelerator in the Galactic plane
BT - HESS J1826-130
JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2 - The unidentified very-high-energy (VHE; E > 0.1 TeV) gamma -ray source, HESS J1826-130, was discovered with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) in the Galactic plane. The analysis of 215 h of HESS data has revealed a steady gamma -ray flux from HESS J1826-130, which appears extended with a half-width of 0.21 degrees +/- 0.02
(stat)degrees
stat degrees +/- 0.05
(sys)degrees sys degrees . The source spectrum is best fit with either a power-law function with a spectral index Gamma = 1.78 +/- 0.10(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and an exponential cut-off at 15.2
(+5.5)(-3.2) -3.2+5.5 TeV, or a broken power-law with Gamma (1) = 1.96 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys), Gamma (2) = 3.59 +/- 0.69(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) for energies below and above E-br = 11.2 +/- 2.7 TeV, respectively. The VHE flux from HESS J1826-130 is contaminated by the extended emission of the bright, nearby pulsar wind nebula, HESS J1825-137, particularly at the low end of the energy spectrum. Leptonic scenarios for the origin of HESS J1826-130 VHE emission related to PSR J1826-1256 are confronted by our spectral and morphological analysis. In a hadronic framework, taking into account the properties of dense gas regions surrounding HESS J1826-130, the source spectrum would imply an astrophysical object capable of accelerating the parent particle population up to greater than or similar to 200 TeV. Our results are also discussed in a multiwavelength context, accounting for both the presence of nearby supernova remnants, molecular clouds, and counterparts detected in radio, X-rays, and TeV energies.
KW - ISM: supernova remnants
KW - ISM: clouds
KW - gamma rays: general
KW - gamma rays:
KW - ISM
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038851
SN - 0004-6361
SN - 1432-0746
VL - 644
PB - EDP Sciences
CY - Les Ulis
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gorski, Mathias
A1 - Jung, Bettina
A1 - Li, Yong
A1 - Matias-Garcia, Pamela R.
A1 - Wuttke, Matthias
A1 - Coassin, Stefan
A1 - Thio, Chris H. L.
A1 - Kleber, Marcus E.
A1 - Winkler, Thomas W.
A1 - Wanner, Veronika
A1 - Chai, Jin-Fang
A1 - Chu, Audrey Y.
A1 - Cocca, Massimiliano
A1 - Feitosa, Mary F.
A1 - Ghasemi, Sahar
A1 - Hoppmann, Anselm
A1 - Horn, Katrin
A1 - Li, Man
A1 - Nutile, Teresa
A1 - Scholz, Markus
A1 - Sieber, Karsten B.
A1 - Teumer, Alexander
A1 - Tin, Adrienne
A1 - Wang, Judy
A1 - Tayo, Bamidele O.
A1 - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S.
A1 - Almgren, Peter
A1 - Bakker, Stephan J. L.
A1 - Banas, Bernhard
A1 - Bansal, Nisha
A1 - Biggs, Mary L.
A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric
A1 - Böttinger, Erwin
A1 - Brenner, Hermann
A1 - Carroll, Robert J.
A1 - Chalmers, John
A1 - Chee, Miao-Li
A1 - Chee, Miao-Ling
A1 - Cheng, Ching-Yu
A1 - Coresh, Josef
A1 - de Borst, Martin H.
A1 - Degenhardt, Frauke
A1 - Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
A1 - Endlich, Karlhans
A1 - Franke, Andre
A1 - Freitag-Wolf, Sandra
A1 - Gampawar, Piyush
A1 - Gansevoort, Ron T.
A1 - Ghanbari, Mohsen
A1 - Gieger, Christian
A1 - Hamet, Pavel
A1 - Ho, Kevin
A1 - Hofer, Edith
A1 - Holleczek, Bernd
A1 - Foo, Valencia Hui Xian
A1 - Hutri-Kahonen, Nina
A1 - Hwang, Shih-Jen
A1 - Ikram, M. Arfan
A1 - Josyula, Navya Shilpa
A1 - Kahonen, Mika
A1 - Khor, Chiea-Chuen
A1 - Koenig, Wolfgang
A1 - Kramer, Holly
A1 - Kraemer, Bernhard K.
A1 - Kuehnel, Brigitte
A1 - Lange, Leslie A.
A1 - Lehtimaki, Terho
A1 - Lieb, Wolfgang
A1 - Loos, Ruth J. F.
A1 - Lukas, Mary Ann
A1 - Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka
A1 - Meisinger, Christa
A1 - Meitinger, Thomas
A1 - Melander, Olle
A1 - Milaneschi, Yuri
A1 - Mishra, Pashupati P.
A1 - Mononen, Nina
A1 - Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.
A1 - Nadkarni, Girish N.
A1 - Nauck, Matthias
A1 - Nikus, Kjell
A1 - Ning, Boting
A1 - Nolte, Ilja M.
A1 - O'Donoghue, Michelle L.
A1 - Orho-Melander, Marju
A1 - Pendergrass, Sarah A.
A1 - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
A1 - Preuss, Michael H.
A1 - Psaty, Bruce M.
A1 - Raffield, Laura M.
A1 - Raitakari, Olli T.
A1 - Rettig, Rainer
A1 - Rheinberger, Myriam
A1 - Rice, Kenneth M.
A1 - Rosenkranz, Alexander R.
A1 - Rossing, Peter
A1 - Rotter, Jerome
A1 - Sabanayagam, Charumathi
A1 - Schmidt, Helena
A1 - Schmidt, Reinhold
A1 - Schoettker, Ben
A1 - Schulz, Christina-Alexandra
A1 - Sedaghat, Sanaz
A1 - Shaffer, Christian M.
A1 - Strauch, Konstantin
A1 - Szymczak, Silke
A1 - Taylor, Kent D.
A1 - Tremblay, Johanne
A1 - Chaker, Layal
A1 - van der Harst, Pim
A1 - van der Most, Peter J.
A1 - Verweij, Niek
A1 - Voelker, Uwe
A1 - Waldenberger, Melanie
A1 - Wallentin, Lars
A1 - Waterworth, Dawn M.
A1 - White, Harvey D.
A1 - Wilson, James G.
A1 - Wong, Tien-Yin
A1 - Woodward, Mark
A1 - Yang, Qiong
A1 - Yasuda, Masayuki
A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M.
A1 - Zhang, Yan
A1 - Snieder, Harold
A1 - Wanner, Christoph
A1 - Boger, Carsten A.
A1 - Kottgen, Anna
A1 - Kronenberg, Florian
A1 - Pattaro, Cristian
A1 - Heid, Iris M.
T1 - Meta-analysis uncovers genome-wide significant variants for rapid kidney function decline
JF - Kidney international : official journal of the International Society of Nephrology
N2 - Rapid decline of glomerular filtration rate estimated from creatinine (eGFRcrea) is associated with severe clinical endpoints. In contrast to cross-sectionally assessed eGFRcrea, the genetic basis for rapid eGFRcrea decline is largely unknown. To help define this, we meta-analyzed 42 genome-wide association studies from the Chronic Kidney Diseases Genetics Consortium and United Kingdom Biobank to identify genetic loci for rapid eGFRcrea decline. Two definitions of eGFRcrea decline were used: 3 mL/min/1.73m(2)/year or more ("Rapid3"; encompassing 34,874 cases, 107,090 controls) and eGFRcrea decline 25% or more and eGFRcrea under 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) at follow-up among those with eGFRcrea 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) or more at baseline ("CKDi25"; encompassing 19,901 cases, 175,244 controls). Seven independent variants were identified across six loci for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25: consisting of five variants at four loci with genome-wide significance (near UMOD-PDILT (2), PRKAG2, WDR72, OR2S2) and two variants among 265 known eGFRcrea variants (near GATM, LARP4B). All these loci were novel for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25 and our bioinformatic follow-up prioritized variants and genes underneath these loci. The OR2S2 locus is novel for any eGFRcrea trait including interesting candidates. For the five genome-wide significant lead variants, we found supporting effects for annual change in blood urea nitrogen or cystatin-based eGFR, but not for GATM or (LARP4B). Individuals at high compared to those at low genetic risk (8-14 vs. 0-5 adverse alleles) had a 1.20-fold increased risk of acute kidney injury (95% confidence interval 1.08-1.33). Thus, our identified loci for rapid kidney function decline may help prioritize therapeutic targets and identify mechanisms and individuals at risk for sustained deterioration of kidney function.
KW - acute kidney injury
KW - end-stage kidney disease
KW - genome-wide association
KW - study
KW - rapid eGFRcrea decline
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.09.030
SN - 0085-2538
SN - 1523-1755
VL - 99
IS - 4
SP - 926
EP - 939
PB - Elsevier
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Deng, Zijun
A1 - Wang, Weiwei
A1 - Xua, Xun
A1 - Gould, Oliver E. C.
A1 - Kratz, Karl
A1 - Ma, Nan
A1 - Lendlein, Andreas
T1 - Polymeric sheet actuators with programmable bioinstructivity
JF - PNAS
N2 - Stem cells are capable of sensing and processing environmental inputs, converting this information to output a specific cell lineage through signaling cascades. Despite the combinatorial nature of mechanical, thermal, and biochemical signals, these stimuli have typically been decoupled and applied independently, requiring continuous regulation by controlling units. We employ a programmable polymer actuator sheet to autonomously synchronize thermal and mechanical signals applied to mesenchymal stem cells (MSC5). Using a grid on its underside, the shape change of polymer sheet, as well as cell morphology, calcium (Ca2+) influx, and focal adhesion assembly, could be visualized and quantified. This paper gives compelling evidence that the temperature sensing and mechanosensing of MSC5 are interconnected via intracellular Ca2+. Up-regulated Ca2+ levels lead to a remarkable alteration of histone H3K9 acetylation and activation of osteogenic related genes. The interplay of physical, thermal, and biochemical signaling was utilized to accelerate the cell differentiation toward osteogenic lineage. The approach of programmable bioinstructivity provides a fundamental principle for functional biomaterials exhibiting multifaceted stimuli on differentiation programs. Technological impact is expected in the tissue engineering of periosteum for treating bone defects.
KW - reversible shape-memory actuator
KW - mesenchymal stem cells
KW - calcium influx
KW - HDAC1
KW - RUNX2
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910668117
SN - 1091-6490
VL - 117
IS - 4
SP - 1895
EP - 1901
PB - National Academy of Sciences
CY - Washington, DC
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - van Rees, Charles B.
A1 - Waylen, Kerry A.
A1 - Schmidt-Kloiber, Astrid
A1 - Thackeray, Stephen J.
A1 - Kalinkat, Gregor
A1 - Martens, Koen
A1 - Domisch, Sami
A1 - Lillebo, Ana
A1 - Hermoso, Virgilio
A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter
A1 - Schinegger, Rafaela
A1 - Decleer, Kris
A1 - Adriaens, Tim
A1 - Denys, Luc
A1 - Jaric, Ivan
A1 - Janse, Jan H.
A1 - Monaghan, Michael T.
A1 - De Wever, Aaike
A1 - Geijzendorffer, Ilse
A1 - Adamescu, Mihai C.
A1 - Jähnig, Sonja C.
T1 - Safeguarding freshwater life beyond 2020
BT - recommendations for the new global biodiversity framework from the European experience
JF - Conservation letters
N2 - Plans are currently being drafted for the next decade of action on biodiversity-both the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and Biodiversity Strategy of the European Union (EU). Freshwater biodiversity is disproportionately threatened and underprioritized relative to the marine and terrestrial biota, despite supporting a richness of species and ecosystems with their own intrinsic value and providing multiple essential ecosystem services. Future policies and strategies must have a greater focus on the unique ecology of freshwater life and its multiple threats, and now is a critical time to reflect on how this may be achieved. We identify priority topics including environmental flows, water quality, invasive species, integrated water resources management, strategic conservation planning, and emerging technologies for freshwater ecosystem monitoring. We synthesize these topics with decades of first-hand experience and recent literature into 14 special recommendations for global freshwater biodiversity conservation based on the successes and setbacks of European policy, management, and research. Applying and following these recommendations will inform and enhance the ability of global and European post-2020 biodiversity agreements to halt and reverse the rapid global decline of freshwater biodiversity.
KW - climate change
KW - conservation
KW - ecosystem services
KW - rivers
KW - sustainable
KW - development goals
KW - water resources
KW - wetlands
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12771
SN - 1755-263X
VL - 14
IS - 1
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Seroussi, Helene
A1 - Nowicki, Sophie
A1 - Payne, Antony J.
A1 - Goelzer, Heiko
A1 - Lipscomb, William H.
A1 - Abe-Ouchi, Ayako
A1 - Agosta, Cecile
A1 - Albrecht, Torsten
A1 - Asay-Davis, Xylar
A1 - Barthel, Alice
A1 - Calov, Reinhard
A1 - Cullather, Richard
A1 - Dumas, Christophe
A1 - Galton-Fenzi, Benjamin K.
A1 - Gladstone, Rupert
A1 - Golledge, Nicholas R.
A1 - Gregory, Jonathan M.
A1 - Greve, Ralf
A1 - Hattermann, Tore
A1 - Hoffman, Matthew J.
A1 - Humbert, Angelika
A1 - Huybrechts, Philippe
A1 - Jourdain, Nicolas C.
A1 - Kleiner, Thomas
A1 - Larour, Eric
A1 - Leguy, Gunter R.
A1 - Lowry, Daniel P.
A1 - Little, Chistopher M.
A1 - Morlighem, Mathieu
A1 - Pattyn, Frank
A1 - Pelle, Tyler
A1 - Price, Stephen F.
A1 - Quiquet, Aurelien
A1 - Reese, Ronja
A1 - Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne
A1 - Shepherd, Andrew
A1 - Simon, Erika
A1 - Smith, Robin S.
A1 - Straneo, Fiammetta
A1 - Sun, Sainan
A1 - Trusel, Luke D.
A1 - Van Breedam, Jonas
A1 - van de Wal, Roderik S. W.
A1 - Winkelmann, Ricarda
A1 - Zhao, Chen
A1 - Zhang, Tong
A1 - Zwinger, Thomas
T1 - ISMIP6 Antarctica
BT - a multi-model ensemble of the Antarctic ice sheet evolution over the 21st century
JF - The Cryosphere : TC ; an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union
N2 - Ice flow models of the Antarctic ice sheet are commonly used to simulate its future evolution in response to different climate scenarios and assess the mass loss that would contribute to future sea level rise. However, there is currently no consensus on estimates of the future mass balance of the ice sheet, primarily because of differences in the representation of physical processes, forcings employed and initial states of ice sheet models. This study presents results from ice flow model simulations from 13 international groups focusing on the evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet during the period 2015-2100 as part of the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison for CMIP6 (ISMIP6). They are forced with outputs from a subset of models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), representative of the spread in climate model results. Simulations of the Antarctic ice sheet contribution to sea level rise in response to increased warming during this period varies between 7:8 and 30.0 cm of sea level equivalent (SLE) under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario forcing. These numbers are relative to a control experiment with constant climate conditions and should therefore be added to the mass loss contribution under climate conditions similar to present-day conditions over the same period. The simulated evolution of the West Antarctic ice sheet varies widely among models, with an overall mass loss, up to 18.0 cm SLE, in response to changes in oceanic conditions. East Antarctica mass change varies between 6 :1 and 8.3 cm SLE in the simulations, with a significant increase in surface mass balance outweighing the increased ice discharge under most RCP 8.5 scenario forcings. The inclusion of ice shelf collapse, here assumed to be caused by large amounts of liquid water ponding at the surface of ice shelves, yields an additional simulated mass loss of 28mm compared to simulations without ice shelf collapse. The largest sources of uncertainty come from the climate forcing, the ocean-induced melt rates, the calibration of these melt rates based on oceanic conditions taken outside of ice shelf cavities and the ice sheet dynamic response to these oceanic changes. Results under RCP 2.6 scenario based on two CMIP5 climate models show an additional mass loss of 0 and 3 cm of SLE on average compared to simulations done under present-day conditions for the two CMIP5 forcings used and display limited mass gain in East Antarctica.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3033-2020
SN - 1994-0416
SN - 1994-0424
VL - 14
IS - 9
SP - 3033
EP - 3070
PB - Copernicus
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schenck, Marcia C.
A1 - Harisch, Immanuel R.
A1 - Dietrich, Anne
A1 - Burton, Eric
T1 - Introduction
BT - Moorings and (Dis)Entanglements between Africa and East Germany during the Cold War
JF - Navigating Socialist Encounters
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-11-062354-3
SN - 978-3-11-062231-7
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110623543-001
SP - 1
EP - 58
PB - de Gruyter
CY - Oldenburg
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schenck, Marcia C.
A1 - Raposo, Francisca
T1 - Socialist Encounters at the School of Friendship
JF - Navigating Socialist Encounters
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-11-062354-3
SN - 978-3-11-062231-7
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110623543-009
SP - 235
EP - 246
PB - de Gruyter
CY - Oldenburg
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Alberto, Ibraimo
A1 - Schenck, Marcia C.
T1 - Paths Are Made by Walking
BT - Memories of Being a Mozambican Contract Worker in the GDR
JF - Navigating Socialist Encounters
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-11-062354-3
SN - 978-3-11-062231-7
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110623543-010
SP - 247
EP - 262
PB - de Gruyter
CY - Oldenburg
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kühne, Franziska
A1 - Fauth, Henriette
A1 - Destina Sevde, Ay-Bryson
A1 - Visser, Leonie N.C.
A1 - Weck, Florian
T1 - Communicating the diagnosis of cancer or depression: Results of a randomized controlled online study using video vignettes
JF - Cancer Medicine
N2 - Background
Communicating a diagnosis is highly important, yet complex, especially in the context of cancer and mental disorders. The aim was to explore the communication style of an oncologist vs. psychotherapist in an online study.
Methods
Patients (N = 136: 65 cancer, 71 depression) were randomly assigned to watch a standardized video vignette with one of two communication styles (empathic vs. unempathic). Outcome measures of affectivity, information recall, communication skills, empathy and trust were applied.
Results
Regardless of diagnosis, empathic communication was associated with the perception of a significantly more empathic (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.08) and trustworthy practitioner (p = 0.014, η2partial = 0.04) with better communication skills (p = 0.013, η2partial = 0.05). Cancer patients reported a larger decrease in positive affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.15) and a larger increase in negative affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.14) from pre- to post-video than depressive patients. Highly relevant information was recalled better in both groups (p < 0.001, d = 0.61–1.06).
Conclusions
The results highlight the importance of empathy while communicating both a diagnosis of cancer and a mental disorder. Further research should focus on the communication of a mental disorder in association with cancer.
KW - consultation
KW - mental health
KW - oncology
KW - psycho-oncology
KW - skills
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.4396
SN - 2045-7634
VL - 10
SP - 9012
EP - 9021
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
ET - 24
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bienert, Michael C.
A1 - Hübner, Kristina
T1 - Der Freistaat Preußen in der Weimarer Republik
JF - Preußen : Geschichte eines Mythos
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-3-89809-095-7
SP - 170
EP - 197
PB - be.bra
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schenck, Marcia C.
T1 - Rezension zu: Guthrie, Zachary Kagan: Bound for Work: Labor, Mobility, and Colonial Rule in Central Mozambique, 1940–1965. - Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2018. vii + 240 pp. - ISBN
978-0-8139-4154-7
JF - Labor: studies in working-class history of the Americas
KW - Arbeit
KW - Mobilität
KW - Migration
KW - Kolonialismus
KW - Mosambik
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-0-8139-4154-7
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1215/15476715-8849376
SN - 1558-1454
SN - 1547-6715
VL - 18
IS - 2
SP - 120
EP - 121
PB - Duke University Press
CY - Durham, NC
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Schenck, Marcia C.
A1 - Mohamed Zakaria, Abdalla
A1 - Ndiritiro, Richesse
A1 - Omar, Shaema
A1 - Rer, Samson
A1 - Reed, Kate
A1 - Teferra, Gerawork
T1 - Opportunities and challenges of oral history research through refugee voices, narratives, and memories
BT - history dialogues
T2 - Global South scholars in the Western Academy
N2 - While academic mobility has generally been positioned in the literature as a ready, at-will movement of people and ideas, this chapter demonstrates how the conditions of mobility and immobility “all at once” impact knowledge production and exchange. By offering a more nuanced window into the experiences of scholars in exile, this chapter challenges dominant discourses of academic mobility and draws on lessons learned from within liminal spaces of knowledge production to elicit more response within higher education communities. Context-rich examples reveal the interpersonal tensions and cultural shifts—including gender, ethnic and race-based stereotypes and discrimination—that affect intellectual outputs, further problematizing the conceptualization of knowledge production in human capital terms. Lessons gleaned from Scholars at Risk (SAR) and related programmes suggest support structures that amplify scholars’ agency; more broadly, higher education should consider ways of adapting to its diverse knowledge producers, rather than supporting the acclimation to its current environment.
KW - Refugees
KW - Global South Researchers
KW - Global History Dialogues Project
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-0-367-62582-5
SN - 978-1-003-10980-8
SN - 978-0-367-62584-9
U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003109808-18
SP - 171
EP - 185
PB - Routledge
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Strong, Catherine R. C.
A1 - Scherz, Mark D.
A1 - Caldwell, Michael Wayne
T1 - Deconstructing the Gestalt
BT - new concepts and tests of homology, as exemplified by a re-conceptualization of "microstomy" in squamates
JF - The anatomical record : AR ; advances in integrative anatomy and evolutionary biology ; an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists, AAA
N2 - Snakes-a subset of lizards-have traditionally been divided into two major groups based on feeding mechanics: "macrostomy," involving the ingestion of proportionally large prey items; and "microstomy," the lack of this ability. "Microstomy"-considered present in scolecophidian and early-diverging alethinophidian snakes-is generally viewed as a symplesiomorphy shared with non-snake lizards. However, this perspective of "microstomy" as plesiomorphic and morphologically homogenous fails to recognize the complexity of this condition and its evolution across "microstomatan" squamates. To challenge this problematic paradigm, we formalize a new framework for conceptualizing and testing the homology of overall character complexes, or "morphotypes," which underlies our re-assessment of "microstomy." Using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans, we analyze the morphology of the jaws and suspensorium across purported "microstomatan" squamates (scolecophidians, early-diverging alethinophidians, and non-snake lizards) and demonstrate that key components of the jaw complex are not homologous at the level of primary character state identity across these taxa. Therefore, rather than treating "microstomy" as a uniform condition, we instead propose that non-snake lizards, early-diverging alethinophidians, anomalepidids, leptotyphlopids, and typhlopoids each exhibit a unique and nonhomologous jaw morphotype: "minimal-kinesis microstomy," "snout-shifting," "axle-brace maxillary raking," "mandibular raking," and "single-axle maxillary raking," respectively. The lack of synapomorphy among scolecophidians is inconsistent with the notion of scolecophidians representing an ancestral snake condition, and instead reflects a hypothesis of the independent evolution of fossoriality, miniaturization, and "microstomy" in each scolecophidian lineage. We ultimately emphasize that a rigorous approach to comparative anatomy is necessary in constructing evolutionary hypotheses that accurately reflect biological reality.
KW - ancestral state reconstruction
KW - functional morphology
KW - homology
KW - skull
KW - anatomy
KW - snake evolution
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.24630
SN - 1932-8486
SN - 1932-8494
VL - 304
IS - 10
SP - 2303
EP - 2351
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Kühne, Franziska
A1 - Fauth, Henriette
A1 - Destina Sevde, Ay-Bryson
A1 - Visser, Leonie N.C.
A1 - Weck, Florian
T1 - Communicating the diagnosis of cancer or depression: Results of a randomized controlled online study using video vignettes
T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2 - Background
Communicating a diagnosis is highly important, yet complex, especially in the context of cancer and mental disorders. The aim was to explore the communication style of an oncologist vs. psychotherapist in an online study.
Methods
Patients (N = 136: 65 cancer, 71 depression) were randomly assigned to watch a standardized video vignette with one of two communication styles (empathic vs. unempathic). Outcome measures of affectivity, information recall, communication skills, empathy and trust were applied.
Results
Regardless of diagnosis, empathic communication was associated with the perception of a significantly more empathic (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.08) and trustworthy practitioner (p = 0.014, η2partial = 0.04) with better communication skills (p = 0.013, η2partial = 0.05). Cancer patients reported a larger decrease in positive affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.15) and a larger increase in negative affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.14) from pre- to post-video than depressive patients. Highly relevant information was recalled better in both groups (p < 0.001, d = 0.61–1.06).
Conclusions
The results highlight the importance of empathy while communicating both a diagnosis of cancer and a mental disorder. Further research should focus on the communication of a mental disorder in association with cancer.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 817
KW - consultation
KW - mental health
KW - oncology
KW - psycho-oncology
KW - skills
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-582286
SN - 1866-8364
IS - 817
SP - 9012
EP - 9021
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Malchow, Anne-Kathleen
A1 - Bocedi, Greta
A1 - Palmer, Stephen C. F.
A1 - Travis, Justin M. J.
A1 - Zurell, Damaris
T1 - RangeShiftR: an R package for individual-based simulation of spatial eco-evolutionary dynamics and speciesu0027 responses to environmental changes
JF - Ecography
N2 - Reliably modelling the demographic and distributional responses of a species to environmental changes can be crucial for successful conservation and management planning. Process-based models have the potential to achieve this goal, but so far they remain underused for predictions of species' distributions. Individual-based models offer the additional capability to model inter-individual variation and evolutionary dynamics and thus capture adaptive responses to environmental change. We present RangeShiftR, an R implementation of a flexible individual-based modelling platform which simulates eco-evolutionary dynamics in a spatially explicit way. The package provides flexible and fast simulations by making the software RangeShifter available for the widely used statistical programming platform R. The package features additional auxiliary functions to support model specification and analysis of results. We provide an outline of the package's functionality, describe the underlying model structure with its main components and present a short example. RangeShiftR offers substantial model complexity, especially for the demographic and dispersal processes. It comes with elaborate tutorials and comprehensive documentation to facilitate learning the software and provide help at all levels. As the core code is implemented in C++, the computations are fast. The complete source code is published under a public licence, making adaptations and contributions feasible. The RangeShiftR package facilitates the application of individual-based and mechanistic modelling to eco-evolutionary questions by operating a flexible and powerful simulation model from R. It allows effortless interoperation with existing packages to create streamlined workflows that can include data preparation, integrated model specification and results analysis. Moreover, the implementation in R strengthens the potential for coupling RangeShiftR with other models.
KW - connectivity
KW - conservation
KW - dispersal
KW - evolution
KW - population dynamics
KW - range dynamics
Y1 - 2021
SN - 1600-0587
VL - 44
IS - 10
PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CY - New Jersey
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Malchow, Anne-Kathleen
A1 - Bocedi, Greta
A1 - Palmer, Stephen C. F.
A1 - Travis, Justin M. J.
A1 - Zurell, Damaris
T1 - RangeShiftR: an R package for individual-based simulation of spatial eco-evolutionary dynamics and speciesu0027 responses to environmental changes
T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2 - Reliably modelling the demographic and distributional responses of a species to environmental changes can be crucial for successful conservation and management planning. Process-based models have the potential to achieve this goal, but so far they remain underused for predictions of species' distributions. Individual-based models offer the additional capability to model inter-individual variation and evolutionary dynamics and thus capture adaptive responses to environmental change. We present RangeShiftR, an R implementation of a flexible individual-based modelling platform which simulates eco-evolutionary dynamics in a spatially explicit way. The package provides flexible and fast simulations by making the software RangeShifter available for the widely used statistical programming platform R. The package features additional auxiliary functions to support model specification and analysis of results. We provide an outline of the package's functionality, describe the underlying model structure with its main components and present a short example. RangeShiftR offers substantial model complexity, especially for the demographic and dispersal processes. It comes with elaborate tutorials and comprehensive documentation to facilitate learning the software and provide help at all levels. As the core code is implemented in C++, the computations are fast. The complete source code is published under a public licence, making adaptations and contributions feasible. The RangeShiftR package facilitates the application of individual-based and mechanistic modelling to eco-evolutionary questions by operating a flexible and powerful simulation model from R. It allows effortless interoperation with existing packages to create streamlined workflows that can include data preparation, integrated model specification and results analysis. Moreover, the implementation in R strengthens the potential for coupling RangeShiftR with other models.
T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1178
KW - connectivity
KW - conservation
KW - dispersal
KW - evolution
KW - population dynamics
KW - range dynamics
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-523979
SN - 1866-8372
IS - 10
ER -