TY - JOUR A1 - Krause, Juliane T1 - Mehr als nur Ehefrauen BT - weiblicher Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus JF - Frauen im Widerstand Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-949887-29-1 SN - 2193-0627 SP - 5 EP - 8 PB - WeltTrends CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bilgen, Isa T1 - Nachhaltigkeit als Grundpflicht BT - zur ökologisch-sozialen Verantwortung der Einzelnen JF - Die Öffentliche Verwaltung : DÖV ; Zeitschrift für Öffentliches Recht und Verwaltungswissenschaften N2 - Die Umweltkrise zwingt zur Debatte über das Freiheitsverständnis des Grundgesetzes. Mit dem Klimawandel nehmen nicht nur Extremwetterereignisse, Dürren und Hunger zu, sondern auch Gefahren für Demokratie und Frieden. Dass die Krise menschgemacht ist, bedeutet, dass Menschen ihre Freiheit bewusst oder unbewusst zu willkürlich, exzessiv und rücksichtslos gebraucht haben. Der Beitrag schlägt darum in Abkehr vom bisherigen Freiheitsdogma „tun und lassen, was man will“ eine alternative Interpretation des Art. 2 Abs. 1 GG vor. Erst wenn eine Grundpflicht für einen nachhaltigen Freiheitsgebrauch an die Seite des staatlichen Schutzauftrages gestellt wird, kann das Verfassungsrecht dem Ernst dieser Menschheitskrise gerecht werden. Y1 - 2023 SN - 0029-859X VL - 76 IS - 4 SP - 150 EP - 160 PB - Kohlhammer CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Seleem, Omar A1 - Ayzel, Georgy A1 - Bronstert, Axel A1 - Heistermann, Maik T1 - Transferability of data-driven models to predict urban pluvial flood water depth in Berlin, Germany JF - Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences N2 - Data-driven models have been recently suggested to surrogate computationally expensive hydrodynamic models to map flood hazards. However, most studies focused on developing models for the same area or the same precipitation event. It is thus not obvious how transferable the models are in space. This study evaluates the performance of a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on the U-Net architecture and the random forest (RF) algorithm to predict flood water depth, the models' transferability in space and performance improvement using transfer learning techniques. We used three study areas in Berlin to train, validate and test the models. The results showed that (1) the RF models outperformed the CNN models for predictions within the training domain, presumable at the cost of overfitting; (2) the CNN models had significantly higher potential than the RF models to generalize beyond the training domain; and (3) the CNN models could better benefit from transfer learning technique to boost their performance outside training domains than RF models. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-809-2023 SN - 1684-9981 SN - 1561-8633 VL - 23 IS - 2 SP - 809 EP - 822 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Smith, Taylor A1 - Zotta, Ruxandra-Maria A1 - Boulton, Chris A. A1 - Lenton, Timothy M. A1 - Dorigo, Wouter A1 - Boers, Niklas T1 - Reliability of resilience estimation based on multi-instrument time series JF - Earth System Dynamics N2 - Many widely used observational data sets are comprised of several overlapping instrument records. While data inter-calibration techniques often yield continuous and reliable data for trend analysis, less attention is generally paid to maintaining higher-order statistics such as variance and autocorrelation. A growing body of work uses these metrics to quantify the stability or resilience of a system under study and potentially to anticipate an approaching critical transition in the system. Exploring the degree to which changes in resilience indicators such as the variance or autocorrelation can be attributed to non-stationary characteristics of the measurement process – rather than actual changes in the dynamical properties of the system – is important in this context. In this work we use both synthetic and empirical data to explore how changes in the noise structure of a data set are propagated into the commonly used resilience metrics lag-one autocorrelation and variance. We focus on examples from remotely sensed vegetation indicators such as vegetation optical depth and the normalized difference vegetation index from different satellite sources. We find that time series resulting from mixing signals from sensors with varied uncertainties and covering overlapping time spans can lead to biases in inferred resilience changes. These biases are typically more pronounced when resilience metrics are aggregated (for example, by land-cover type or region), whereas estimates for individual time series remain reliable at reasonable sensor signal-to-noise ratios. Our work provides guidelines for the treatment and aggregation of multi-instrument data in studies of critical transitions and resilience. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-173-2023 SN - 2190-4987 VL - 14 SP - 173 EP - 183 PB - Copernicus Publications CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Valc, Jakub T1 - Menschenrechtliche Aspekte der anonymen Samen- oder Eizellspende und ihre Berücksichtigung in der Judikatur des EGMR JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin N2 - Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit einer problematischen Seite der Samen- und Eizellenspende. Konkret konzentriert er sich auf die Anonymität im Rahmen dieses Verfahrens, die in manchen europäischen Staaten als eine gesetzliche Bedingung festgelegt ist. Es geht um eine Konsequenz der unklaren Regulierung auf EU-Ebene, die es ermöglicht, nationale Vorschriften nach individuellen Präferenzen des Gesetzgebers zu konzipieren. Trotzdem muss auch der menschenrechtliche Kontext berücksichtigt werden, weil die Anonymität des:der Spender:in dazu führt, dass das Kind de facto keine Chancen hat, seine (genetischen oder biologischen) Eltern zu kennen. Im Prinzip verletzt ein solcher Ansatz das Recht des Kindes auf Kenntnis der eigenen Abstammung, das in entsprechenden Menschenrechtskonventionen verankert und in der Judikatur des EGMR interpretiert wurde. KW - Samen- und Eizellenspende KW - Anonymität KW - Recht auf Kenntnis der eigenen Abstammung KW - Recht auf Achtung des Privat- und Familienlebens Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-587877 SN - 2941-1149 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 39 EP - 49 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Still, Melina T1 - Das Vorsorgeprinzip – ein unterschätzter Bestandteil menschenrechtlicher Klimaklagen? JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin N2 - Das Vorsorgeprinzip ist ein mittlerweile weit verbreiteter und etablierter Grundsatz des internationalen und europäischen Umweltrechts. Demnach sollen auch in Situationen wissenschaftlicher Unsicherheit präventive Maßnahmen ergriffen werden, um schwerwiegende Umweltschäden zu vermeiden. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Rolle des Vorsorgeprinzips im Zusammenhang mit menschenrechtlichen Klimaklagen, die aufgrund langsamer politischer Fortschritte und erfolgreicher Gerichtsentscheidungen zunehmend an Popularität gewinnen. Zunächst wird ein Überblick über die Entwicklung und den materiellen Gehalt des Vorsorgeprinzips im internationalen und europäischen Recht gegeben. Obwohl das Vorsorgeprinzip seit den 1980er Jahren ein fixer Bestandteil des internationalen Umweltrechts ist, bestehen über dessen genauen Inhalt und Rechtsnatur nach wie vor Kontroversen. Im Unionsrecht wurde das Vorsorgeprinzip insbesondere durch die Rechtsprechung des EuGH konkretisiert. Im nächsten Teil des Beitrags wird beleuchtet, welche Bedeutung der EGMR dem Vorsorgeprinzip in umweltrechtlichen Fällen bisher zugemessen hat. Hierbei steht die Entscheidung Tǎtar gegen Rumänien im Mittelpunkt. Gegenstand dieser Entscheidung war der Goldabbau in der rumänischen Stadt Baia Mare, der unter anderem unter dem Einsatz von Natriumzyanid erfolgte und zu wesentlichen Schadstoffbelastungen führte. Der EGMR bejahte unter Verweis auf das Vorsorgeprinzip eine Verletzung von Art. 8 EMRK, obwohl der Beschwerdeführer die Kausalität zwischen der Schadstoffbelastung und der behaupteten Schädigung nicht nachweisen konnte. Eine Analyse der nachfolgenden Entscheidungen veranschaulicht jedoch, dass sich das Vorsorgeprinzip noch nicht als fixer Bestandteil in der Rechtsprechung des EGMR etablieren konnte. Abschließend wird gezeigt, welchen Beitrag das Vorsorgeprinzip zu der bisher wohl erfolgreichsten Klimaklage „Urgenda“ leistete. Das Vorsorgeprinzip wurde vom niederländischen Höchstgericht in diesem Fall insbesondere herangezogen, um Schutzpflichten aus Art. 2 und Art. 8 EMRK abzuleiten und den staatlichen Ermessenspielraum einzuschränken. N2 - The precautionary principle is a widely adopted and established principle of international and EU environmental law. According to this principle, precautionary measures shall be taken, even in situations of scientific uncertainty to prevent serious (environmental-)harm. This paper examines the role of the precautionary principle in the context of human rights-based climate litigation, which is becoming increasingly popular due to often slow political progress and notable judicial successes. First, an overview of the development and substantive content of the precautionary principle in international and EU law is provided. Although the precautionary principle has been an integral part of international environmental law since the 1980s, there are still controversies about its precise content and legal nature. Regarding EU law, the precautionary principle has been shaped in particular by the case law of the ECJ. In the next part of the paper, the relevance that the ECtHR has attributed to the precautionary principle in environmental law cases so far will be examined. The main focus here is on the decision Tǎtar v. Romania. In the Romanian town Baie Mare, gold mining was carried out using sodium cyanide, among other substances, which led to significant pollution. Talking into account the precautionary principle, the ECtHR ruled that there had been a violation of Art. 8 ECHR, although the complainant was unable to establish causality between the pollution and the alleged injury. However, an analysis of subsequent decisions shows that the precautionary principle has not yet become well-established aspect of ECtHR case law. Finally, the paper hightlights the contribution of the precautionary principle to the most successful climate case until now, "Urgenda”. Particularly, the Dutch Supreme Court used the precautionary principle in this case to derive duties to protect from Art. 2 and Art. 8 ECHR and to limit the state's discretion. T2 - The precautionary principle – an underestimated component of human rights-based climate litigation? Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-587852 SN - 2941-1149 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 27 EP - 38 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Czubaiko, Achim T1 - Menschenrechtsklagen vor Zivilgerichten in Deutschland BT - Eine Bestandsaufnahme der methodisch-rechtspolitischen Ansätze im Internationalen Privatrecht (IPR) BT - A stocktaking of the prevailing legal policy approaches in Private International Law (PIL) JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin N2 - Spätestens seit dem Brand einer Textilfabrik in Karatschi, Pakistan, deren Hauptabnehmer das deutsche Textilunternehmen KiK war, ist die Frage nach der zivilrechtlichen Justiziabilität von Menschenrechtsverletzungen im Ausland auch in der Bundesrepublik angekommen. Parallel hierzu hatte bereits der Einsturz des Rana Plaza, einem Fabrikgebäude in Dhaka, Bangladesch, das zahlreiche Zulieferfirmen der europäischen sowie u.s.-amerikanischen Bekleidungsindustrie beherbergte, traurige Berühmtheit erlangt. Beide Vorfälle hatten in den Industriestaaten des globalen Nordens eine nachhaltige Debatte darüber ausgelöst, welche Verantwortung inländischen Abnehmerunternehmen für die Einhaltung internationaler Menschenrechtsstandards entlang der global angelegten Lieferkette zukommt. An deren vorläufigem Ende steht eine Reihe von Spezialgesetzen, die heimischen Betrieben ausdifferenzierte Sorgfalts- und Überwachungspflichten bezüglich der Arbeitsbedingungen in den – häufig im globalen Süden gelegenen – Produktionsstätten auferlegen. Als Folge dieses geostrategischen Nord-Süd-Konfliktes wohnt in Deutschland erhobenen Menschenrechtsklagen im Regelfall ein grenzüberscheitendes Moment inne, weshalb sich die Rechtsverfolgung individuell Betroffener mit den Fragen des Internationalen Privatrechts nach der gerichtlichen Zuständigkeit sowie des anwendbaren Sachrechts konfrontiert sieht. Dass ein Verfahren bereits auf dieser Ebene scheitern kann, verdeutlicht auf paradigmatische Weise das eingangs erwähnte Verfahren gegen KiK vor dem LG Dortmund, in welchem das ungünstige pakistanische Verjährungsrecht zur Anwendung gelangte. Rechtspolitisch wird die Funktion des Rechtsgebietes indes unterschiedlich beurteilt. Während ein Ansatz gleichsam auf materieller Ebene die Entwicklung spezieller Sorgfaltsnormen für Unternehmen in Abnehmerstaaten verfolgt („Verantwortungslösung“), führt eine andere Auffassung den Kern der Problematik nicht auf das – oftmals durchaus funktionale – Produktionslandrecht, sondern vielmehr auf dessen strukturelle Durchsetzungsdefizite zurück („Kognitionslösung“). Der Beitrag vollzieht die Implikationen beider Ansätze für Zivilprozesse in Deutschland nach. Hierfür wird die Menschenrechtsklage zunächst in das deutsche Verfahrensrecht eingeordnet (I.) bevor die Rolle des Internationalen Privatrechtes erörtert werden kann (II.). Anschließend werden sowohl die Sorgfaltsregime in den Abnehmerstaaten (III.) als auch Rechtsbehelfe in den Produktionsländern am Beispiel Bangladeschs (IV.) in den Blick genommen. N2 - In the aftermath of several tragic accidents affecting the textile industry, predominantly located in the Global South – including, but by no means limited to the collapse of the Rana Plaza, a garment factory building in Dhaka (Bangladesh) – a wide-ranging debate had been sparked in the industrialised countries of the Global North regarding the responsibility of their customer companies to comply with international human rights standards along the global supply chain. The first tangible results of this discussion have been reflected in a multitude of special legislation imposing detailed human rights due diligence and monitoring obligations on domestic businesses [e.g. Modern Slavery Act (UK), loi de vigilance (France); Supply Chain Due Diligence Act (Germany); Proposed Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence (EU)]. As a consequence of the North-South divide depicted above, human rights lawsuits in Germany will usually involve a conflict of laws, raising the notorious questions of Private International Law (PIL) about applicable law and the jurisdiction of the court – A threshold not yet sufficiently addressed in the various new legal acts. Nevertheless, taking these PIL issues into account is crucial to the success of human rights litigation. This has recently become evident in the civil action against KiK Textilien und Non-Food GmbH (acronym for „customer is king”) concerning the devastating fire of a textile factory based in Karachi (Pakistan), whose main customer was the defendant German discount clothing chain. The regional court (Landgericht) dismissed the case because the choice of law rules deemed Pakistani law applicable, or more precisely its stricter statute of limitation. However, it is still controversial in German jurisprudence what function would be appropriate for PIL in the context of the greater legal policy of human rights compliance. The major view seems to be in favour – with the general trend – of establishing substantive due diligence obligations for domestic companies with extraterritorial effect („due diligence approach”). From this perspective, the PIL’s main objective would be to ensure or not to interfere with the effective implementation of these rules. In contrast, some legal scholars identify not so much substantive law but rather structural deficits of the respective judicial systems (e.g. corruption, perversion of justice, investment protection) as the real obstacle to human rights. Accordingly, the main task of PIL is to have the – in principle quite operational – foreign law enforced before the more effective courts in the Global North (“jurisdiction approach”). This article examines the implications of both approaches for civil actions in Germany. To this end, the phenotype of human rights litigation is first classified according to German civil procedural law (I.). Second, the appropriate role of PIL is discussed (II.). Finally, against this background, the due diligence legislation in the Global North (III.) as well as legal remedies in the Global South (IV.) are examined, taking Bangladesh as an example. T2 - Human Rights Litigation in German Civil Courts KW - Menschenrechtsklage (Human Rights Litigation) KW - Internationales Privatrecht KW - UN-Leitprinzipien für Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte (UNGP) KW - loi de vigilance KW - Alien Tort Statute KW - Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz (LkSG) KW - Verordnung (EU) Nr. 1215/2012 (Brüssel Ia) KW - Verordnung (EG) 864/2007 (Rom II) KW - Human Rights Litigation KW - Private International Law (conflict of laws) KW - UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP) KW - loi de vigilance KW - Alien Tort Statute KW - Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz (LkSG) KW - Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 (Brussels Ibis) KW - Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 (Rome II) Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-587798 SN - 2941-1149 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 16 EP - 26 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Caspari, Catharina T1 - Situative Vulnerabilität als Ausdruck der Menschenrechtssprache? BT - Das neue Vulnerabilitätsverständnis des Menschenrechtsausschusses der Vereinten Nationen im Kontext seiner Klima-Entscheidungen JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin N2 - In Vorbereitung der Allgemeinen Bemerkung Nr. 36 zum Recht auf Leben vollzieht der Menschenrechtsausschuss der Vereinten Nationen eine begriffliche Wendung: Fortan wird der Ausschuss nicht mehr von “vulnerable persons”, sondern von “persons in situations of vulnerability” sprechen. Zugleich scheint in der Wendung ein geändertes Verständnis von Vulnerabilität zu liegen, welches strukturelle Ungleichheiten und äußere Umstände, die Verwundbarkeit erzeugen, begrifflich erfasst. Das neue Verständnis scheint damit auch die Problematik der Zuschreibung von Verwundbarkeit zu entschärfen, die ihrerseits zu Marginalisierung betroffener Individuen führen kann. Der Beitrag vollzieht die Debatte um das neue Verständnis von Vulnerabilität im Menschenrechtsausschuss nach, und kontextualisiert diese innerhalb der aktuellen Spruchpraxis des Ausschusses. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit gilt dabei den Klimafällen, welche, so wird argumentiert, in besonderer Weise äußere, vulnerabilitätsproduzierende Umstände adressieren. Schließlich werden die potenziellen Stärken und Schwächen der begrifflichen Wendung reflektiert. N2 - The article focuses on the terminological turn which the United Nations Human Rights Committee took in preparation of General Comment No. 36 on the right to life. The Committee no longer refers to "vulnerable persons" but to "persons in situations of vulnerability." The change in language use indicates a shifted understanding of vulnerability, thus acknowledging structural inequalities and circumstances that cause vulnerability in the first place. In light of this new understanding the problem of attributed vulnerability, which in turn can lead to marginalization of affected individuals, appears to be mitigated. The article outlines the debate in the Human Rights Committee in the context of the Committee’s current jurisprudence. Particular attention is paid to the Committee’s climate cases, which, in the author’s view, specifically address circumstances which cause vulnerability. Finally, the article reflects on the potential strengths and pitfalls of the new terminology. KW - Human Rights Committee KW - General Comments KW - vulnerability KW - human rights language Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-587743 SN - 2941-1149 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 15 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mattern, Maximilian A1 - Pudell, Jan-Etienne A1 - Dumesnil, Karine A1 - Reppert, Alexander von A1 - Bargheer, Matias T1 - Towards shaping picosecond strain pulses via magnetostrictive transducers JF - Photoacoustics N2 - Using time-resolved x-ray diffraction, we demonstrate the manipulation of the picosecond strain response of a metallic heterostructure consisting of a dysprosium (Dy) transducer and a niobium (Nb) detection layer by an external magnetic field. We utilize the first-order ferromagnetic–antiferromagnetic phase transition of the Dy layer, which provides an additional large contractive stress upon laser excitation compared to its zerofield response. This enhances the laser-induced contraction of the transducer and changes the shape of the picosecond strain pulses driven in Dy and detected within the buried Nb layer. Based on our experiment with rare-earth metals we discuss required properties for functional transducers, which may allow for novel field-control of the emitted picosecond strain pulses. KW - picosecond ultrasonics KW - magnetostriction KW - ultrafast x-ray diffraction KW - ultrafast photoacoustics KW - nanoscale heat transfer KW - negative thermal expansion Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100463 SN - 2213-5979 VL - 30 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zali, Zahra A1 - Rein, Teresa A1 - Krüger, Frank A1 - Ohrnberger, Matthias A1 - Scherbaum, Frank T1 - Ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) noise reduction from horizontal and vertical components using harmonic–percussive separation algorithms JF - Solid earth N2 - Records from ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) are highly contaminated by noise, which is much stronger compared to data from most land stations, especially on the horizontal components. As a consequence, the high energy of the oceanic noise at frequencies below 1 Hz considerably complicates the analysis of the teleseismic earthquake signals recorded by OBSs. Previous studies suggested different approaches to remove low-frequency noises from OBS recordings but mainly focused on the vertical component. The records of horizontal components, which are crucial for the application of many methods in passive seismological analysis of body and surface waves, could not be much improved in the teleseismic frequency band. Here we introduce a noise reduction method, which is derived from the harmonic–percussive separation algorithms used in Zali et al. (2021), in order to separate long-lasting narrowband signals from broadband transients in the OBS signal. This leads to significant noise reduction of OBS records on both the vertical and horizontal components and increases the earthquake signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) without distortion of the broadband earthquake waveforms. This is demonstrated through tests with synthetic data. Both SNR and cross-correlation coefficients showed significant improvements for different realistic noise realizations. The application of denoised signals in surface wave analysis and receiver functions is discussed through tests with synthetic and real data. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-181-2023 SN - 1869-9529 VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 181 EP - 195 PB - Coepernicus Publ. CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ritterbusch, Georg David A1 - Teichmann, Malte Rolf T1 - Defining the metaverse BT - A systematic literature review JF - IEEE Access N2 - The term Metaverse is emerging as a result of the late push by multinational technology conglomerates and a recent surge of interest in Web 3.0, Blockchain, NFT, and Cryptocurrencies. From a scientific point of view, there is no definite consensus on what the Metaverse will be like. This paper collects, analyzes, and synthesizes scientific definitions and the accompanying major characteristics of the Metaverse using the methodology of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Two revised definitions for the Metaverse are presented, both condensing the key attributes, where the first one is rather simplistic holistic describing “a three-dimensional online environment in which users represented by avatars interact with each other in virtual spaces decoupled from the real physical world”. In contrast, the second definition is specified in a more detailed manner in the paper and further discussed. These comprehensive definitions offer specialized and general scholars an application within and beyond the scientific context of the system science, information system science, computer science, and business informatics, by also introducing open research challenges. Furthermore, an outlook on the social, economic, and technical implications is given, and the preconditions that are necessary for a successful implementation are discussed. KW - Metaverse KW - Systematics KW - Bibliometrics KW - Augmented reality KW - Taxonomy KW - Semantic Web KW - Second Life KW - Blockchains KW - Economics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3241809 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 11 SP - 12368 EP - 12377 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dragičević, Nikolina A1 - Vladova, Gergana A1 - Ullrich, André T1 - Design thinking capabilities in the digital world BT - A bibliometric analysis of emerging trends JF - Frontiers in Education N2 - Recent research suggests that design thinking practices may foster the development of needed capabilities in new digitalised landscapes. However, existing publications represent individual contributions, and we lack a holistic understanding of the value of design thinking in a digital world. No review, to date, has offered a holistic retrospection of this research. In response, in this bibliometric review, we aim to shed light on the intellectual structure of multidisciplinary design thinking literature related to capabilities relevant to the digital world in higher education and business settings, highlight current trends and suggest further studies to advance theoretical and empirical underpinnings. Our study addresses this aim using bibliometric methods—bibliographic coupling and co-word analysis as they are particularly suitable for identifying current trends and future research priorities at the forefront of the research. Overall, bibliometric analyses of the publications dealing with the related topics published in the last 10 years (extracted from the Web of Science database) expose six trends and two possible future research developments highlighting the expanding scope of the design thinking scientific field related to capabilities required for the (more sustainable and human-centric) digital world. Relatedly, design thinking becomes a relevant approach to be included in higher education curricula and human resources training to prepare students and workers for the changing work demands. This paper is well-suited for education and business practitioners seeking to embed design thinking capabilities in their curricula and for design thinking and other scholars wanting to understand the field and possible directions for future research. KW - design thinking KW - digital technologies KW - digital transformation KW - capabilities KW - skills Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.1012478 SN - 2504-284X VL - 7 PB - Frontiers CY - Lausanne, Schweiz ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Quarmby, Andrew James A1 - Mönnig, Jamal A1 - Mugele, Hendrik A1 - Henschke, Jakob A1 - Kim, MyoungHwee A1 - Cassel, Michael A1 - Engel, Tilman T1 - Biomechanics and lower limb function are altered in athletes and runners with achilles tendinopathy compared with healthy controls: A systematic review JF - Frontiers in Sports and Active Living N2 - Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a debilitating injury in athletes, especially for those engaged in repetitive stretch-shortening cycle activities. Clinical risk factors are numerous, but it has been suggested that altered biomechanics might be associated with AT. No systematic review has been conducted investigating these biomechanical alterations in specifically athletic populations. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to compare the lower-limb biomechanics of athletes with AT to athletically matched asymptomatic controls. Databases were searched for relevant studies investigating biomechanics during gait activities and other motor tasks such as hopping, isolated strength tasks, and reflex responses. Inclusion criteria for studies were an AT diagnosis in at least one group, cross-sectional or prospective data, at least one outcome comparing biomechanical data between an AT and healthy group, and athletic populations. Studies were excluded if patients had Achilles tendon rupture/surgery, participants reported injuries other than AT, and when only within-subject data was available.. Effect sizes (Cohen's d) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for relevant outcomes. The initial search yielded 4,442 studies. After screening, twenty studies (775 total participants) were synthesised, reporting on a wide range of biomechanical outcomes. Females were under-represented and patients in the AT group were three years older on average. Biomechanical alterations were identified in some studies during running, hopping, jumping, strength tasks and reflex activity. Equally, several biomechanical variables studied were not associated with AT in included studies, indicating a conflicting picture. Kinematics in AT patients appeared to be altered in the lower limb, potentially indicating a pattern of “medial collapse”. Muscular activity of the calf and hips was different between groups, whereby AT patients exhibited greater calf electromyographic amplitudes despite lower plantar flexor strength. Overall, dynamic maximal strength of the plantar flexors, and isometric strength of the hips might be reduced in the AT group. This systematic review reports on several biomechanical alterations in athletes with AT. With further research, these factors could potentially form treatment targets for clinicians, although clinical approaches should take other contributing health factors into account. The studies included were of low quality, and currently no solid conclusions can be drawn. KW - achilles tendinopathy KW - biomechanics KW - neuromuscular KW - kinetics KW - electromyography KW - athletes KW - runners KW - kinematics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2022.1012471 SN - 2624-9367 PB - Frontiers CY - Lausanne, Schweiz ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stone, Kate A1 - Nicenboim, Bruno A1 - Vasishth, Shravan A1 - Rösler, Frank T1 - Understanding the effects of constraint and predictability in ERP JF - Neurobiology of language N2 - Intuitively, strongly constraining contexts should lead to stronger probabilistic representations of sentences in memory. Encountering unexpected words could therefore be expected to trigger costlier shifts in these representations than expected words. However, psycholinguistic measures commonly used to study probabilistic processing, such as the N400 event-related potential (ERP) component, are sensitive to word predictability but not to contextual constraint. Some research suggests that constraint-related processing cost may be measurable via an ERP positivity following the N400, known as the anterior post-N400 positivity (PNP). The PNP is argued to reflect update of a sentence representation and to be distinct from the posterior P600, which reflects conflict detection and reanalysis. However, constraint-related PNP findings are inconsistent. We sought to conceptually replicate Federmeier et al. (2007) and Kuperberg et al. (2020), who observed that the PNP, but not the N400 or the P600, was affected by constraint at unexpected but plausible words. Using a pre-registered design and statistical approach maximising power, we demonstrated a dissociated effect of predictability and constraint: strong evidence for predictability but not constraint in the N400 window, and strong evidence for constraint but not predictability in the later window. However, the constraint effect was consistent with a P600 and not a PNP, suggesting increased conflict between a strong representation and unexpected input rather than greater update of the representation. We conclude that either a simple strong/weak constraint design is not always sufficient to elicit the PNP, or that previous PNP constraint findings could be an artifact of smaller sample size. KW - N400 KW - anterior PNP KW - posterior P600 KW - probabilistic processing KW - constraint KW - predictability KW - entropy Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1162/nol_a_00094 SN - 2641-4368 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 221 EP - 256 PB - MIT Press CY - Cambridge, MA, USA ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eisenberg, Peter T1 - Große Erzählkunst: Anna Seghers’ ‚Der Ausflug der toten Mädchen‘ JF - Literarische Grammatik : wie Literatur- und Sprachwissenschaft voneinander profitieren können Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-8253-8608-5 SN - 978-3-8253-9504-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.33675/2023-82538608 SP - 57 EP - 77 PB - Winter CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuhrhop, Nanna A1 - Peters, Kendra A1 - Schreiber, Niklas T1 - Das Semikolon in Hagar Peeters’ ‚Malva‘ JF - Literarische Grammatik : wie Literatur- und Sprachwissenschaft voneinander profitieren können Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-8253-9504-9 SN - 978-3-8253-8608-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.33675/2023-82538608 IS - 78 SP - 79 EP - 102 PB - Winter CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Opitz, Verena T1 - Tiere und und Rechtvertigung im Strafrecht BT - Seminararbeit JF - studere : Rechtszeitschrift der Universität Potsdam Y1 - 2023 SN - 1867-6170 VL - 12 IS - 23 SP - 9 EP - 25 PB - studere e.V. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krausmann, Lena A1 - Wand, L. Benedikt T1 - Das Fenster zum Garten BT - Semesterabschlussklausur Strafrecht BT I JF - studere : Rechtszeitschrift der Universität Potsdam Y1 - 2023 SN - 1867-6170 VL - 12 IS - 23 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - studere e.V. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Assen, Louisa T1 - Digitalization as a Provider of Sustainability? BT - The Role and Acceptance of Digital Technologies in Fashion Stores JF - Sustainability N2 - Digitalization, as well as sustainability, are gaining increased relevance and have attracted significant attention in research and practice. However, the research already published about this topic examining digitalization in the retail sector does not consider the acceptance of related innovations, nor their impact on sustainability. Therefore, this article critically analyzes the acceptance of customers towards digital technologies in fashion stores as well as their impact on sustainability in the textile industry. The comprehensive analysis of the literature and the current state of research provide the basis of this paper. Theoretical models, such as the Technology-Acceptance-Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT 2) enable the evaluation of expectations and acceptance, as well as the assessment of possible inhibitory factors for the subsequent descriptive and statistical examination of the acceptance of digital technologies in fashion stores. The research on this subject was examined in a quantitative way. The key findings show that customers do accept digital technologies in fashion stores. The final part of this contribution describes the innovative Digitalization 4 Sustainability Framework which shows that digital technologies at the point of sale (PoS) in fashion stores could have a positive impact on sustainability. Overall, this paper shows that it is particularly important for fashion stores to concentrate on their individual strengths and customer needs as well as to indicate a more sustainable way by using digital technologies, in order to achieve added value for the customers and to set themselves apart from the competition while designing a more sustainable future. Moreover, fashion stores should make it a point of their honor to harness the power of digitalization for sake of sustainability and economic value creation. KW - sustainability KW - digital technologies KW - customer acceptance KW - fashion industry Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su15054621 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 15 IS - 5 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Faber, Eike ED - Rink, Martin ED - Haug, Clemens ED - Hammerich, Helmuth R. T1 - Der nördliche Schwarzmeerraum in der Antike JF - Ukraine und Ostmitteleuropa Y1 - 2023 UR - https://zms.bundeswehr.de/resource/blob/5588072/c693a0a201fb24f4c9274ce07ed99dfc/wegweiser-ukraine-und-ostmitteleuropa-data.pdf SN - 978-3-506-79153-5 SP - 28 EP - 37 PB - Brill CY - Paderborn ER -