TY - GEN A1 - Leminen, Alina A1 - Lehtonen, Minna A1 - Bozic, Mirjana A1 - Clahsen, Harald T1 - Editorial: Morphologically Complex Words in the Mind/Brain T2 - Frontiers in human neuroscienc KW - morphology KW - derivation KW - inflection KW - compound KW - L2 KW - dyslexia KW - semantics KW - decomposition Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00047 SN - 1662-5161 VL - 10 SP - 150 EP - 160 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wischke, Christian A1 - Lendlein, Andreas T1 - Functional nanocarriers by miniaturization of polymeric materials T2 - Nanomedicine KW - function KW - microscale KW - morphology KW - nanoscale KW - polymer Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm.16.45 SN - 1743-5889 SN - 1748-6963 VL - 11 SP - 1507 EP - 1509 PB - Future Medicine CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Love, John A. A1 - Chou, Shu-Hua A1 - Huang, Ye A1 - Bazan, Guillermo C. A1 - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen, T1 - Effects of solvent additive on "s-shaped" curves in solution-processed small molecule solar cells JF - Beilstein journal of organic chemistry N2 - A novel molecular chromophore, p-SIDT(FBTThCA8)(2), is introduced as an electron-donor material for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells with broad absorption and near ideal energy levels for the use in combination with common acceptor materials. It is found that films cast from chlorobenzene yield devices with strongly s-shaped current-voltage curves, drastically limiting performance. We find that addition of the common solvent additive diiodooctane, in addition to facilitating crystallization, leads to improved vertical phase separation. This yields much better performing devices, with improved curve shape, demonstrating the importance of morphology control in BHJ devices and improving the understanding of the role of solvent additives. KW - current voltage analysis KW - morphology KW - organic solar cells Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.12.249 SN - 1860-5397 VL - 12 SP - 2543 EP - 2555 PB - Beilstein-Institut zur Förderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften CY - Frankfurt, Main ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vidal‐García, Marta A1 - Bandara, Lashi A1 - Keogh, J. Scott T1 - ShapeRotator BT - An R tool for standardized rigid rotations of articulated three-dimensional structures with application for geometric morphometrics T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The quantification of complex morphological patterns typically involves comprehensive shape and size analyses, usually obtained by gathering morphological data from all the structures that capture the phenotypic diversity of an organism or object. Articulated structures are a critical component of overall phenotypic diversity, but data gathered from these structures are difficult to incorporate into modern analyses because of the complexities associated with jointly quantifying 3D shape in multiple structures. While there are existing methods for analyzing shape variation in articulated structures in two-dimensional (2D) space, these methods do not work in 3D, a rapidly growing area of capability and research. Here, we describe a simple geometric rigid rotation approach that removes the effect of random translation and rotation, enabling the morphological analysis of 3D articulated structures. Our method is based on Cartesian coordinates in 3D space, so it can be applied to any morphometric problem that also uses 3D coordinates (e.g., spherical harmonics). We demonstrate the method by applying it to a landmark-based dataset for analyzing shape variation using geometric morphometrics. We have developed an R tool (ShapeRotator) so that the method can be easily implemented in the commonly used R package geomorph and MorphoJ software. This method will be a valuable tool for 3D morphological analyses in articulated structures by allowing an exhaustive examination of shape and size diversity. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 818 KW - articulation KW - morphology KW - motion correction KW - multi-modular morphology Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426321 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 818 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rauh, Gisa T1 - Erinnerungen an die Gründung des Instituts für Linguistik an der Universität Potsdam JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433202 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 415 EP - 435 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Staudacher, Peter T1 - Plato on nature (φύσις) and convention (συνθήκη) JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433193 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 395 EP - 411 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wunderlich, Dieter T1 - Über naturnotwendige und kulturaffine Schritte in der Sprachentstehung und -entwicklung JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433182 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 383 EP - 394 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haider, Hubert T1 - An anthropic principle in lieu of a “Universal Grammar” JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432590 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 363 EP - 381 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gafos, Adamantios I. T1 - Multistability in speech and other activities JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432580 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 343 EP - 360 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros T1 - Splits and Birds JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432578 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 335 EP - 341 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stede, Manfred T1 - Noch kindlich oder schon jugendlich? Oder gar erwachsen? BT - Betrachtung von Komplexitätsmerkmalen altersspezifischer Texte JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432569 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 323 EP - 334 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Häussler, Jana A1 - Mucha, Anna A1 - Schmidt, Andreas A1 - Weskott, Thomas A1 - Wierzba, Marta T1 - Experimenting with Lurchi BT - V2 and agreement violations in poetic contexts JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432553 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 307 EP - 321 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Malte T1 - Im Korpus gibt’s keine Vögel nicht BT - A corpus study on Negative Concord in Eastern German dialects JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432541 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 287 EP - 306 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina D. A1 - Schlesewsky, Matthias T1 - Is it a bird? Is it a mammal? BT - Perspectives on the learnability/trainability of new grammatical constructions JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432534 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 275 EP - 286 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fominyam, Henry A1 - Tran, Thuan T1 - Beware of ‘discourse markers’ JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432524 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 257 EP - 272 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Titov, Elena T1 - Accusative Unaccusatives BT - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432515 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 243 EP - 256 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bayer, Josef T1 - On uninterpretable features JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432507 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 231 EP - 241 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Féry, Caroline A1 - Arnhold, Anja T1 - Verum focus and negation JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432356 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 213 EP - 229 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thiersch, Craig T1 - A note on apparent sluicing in Malagasy JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432341 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 185 EP - 209 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meinunger, André T1 - Wie und wo Ambiguität Ungrammatikalität vortäuscht JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432338 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 171 EP - 184 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Šimík, Radek T1 - On doubling unconditionals JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432267 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 155 EP - 169 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Gereon T1 - Can unaccusative verbs undergo passivization in German? JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432257 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 135 EP - 154 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Błaszczak, Joanna T1 - Why is a predicate inversion analysis problematic? BT - Insights from existential, locative and possessive constructions JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432240 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 119 EP - 133 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alexiadou, Artemis T1 - A form-function mismatch? BT - The case of Greek deponents JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432235 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 107 EP - 117 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bacskai-Atkari, Julia T1 - Towards a Fanselownian analysis of degree expressions JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432222 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 95 EP - 106 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Georgi, Doreen T1 - Intermediate reflexes of movement BT - A problem for TAG? JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432217 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 77 EP - 93 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cavar, Damir T1 - Measuring lexical semantic variation using word embeddings JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432201 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 61 EP - 74 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Ilse T1 - Zur Analysierbarkeit adverbieller Konnektive JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431942 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 37 EP - 60 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bierwisch, Manfred T1 - Leben mit Paradoxien JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431939 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 27 EP - 36 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stiebels, Barbara T1 - Bienenfresserortungsversuch BT - compounding with clause-embedding heads JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431921 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 15 EP - 26 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Olsen, Susan T1 - The instrumental -er suffix JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430607 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 3 EP - 14 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brown, Jessica M. M. A1 - Schmidt, Andreas A1 - Wierzba, Marta T1 - Preface JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430575 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - xiii EP - xvi PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Olsen, Susan A1 - Stiebels, Barbara A1 - Bierwisch, Manfred A1 - Zimmermann, Ilse A1 - Cavar, Damir A1 - Georgi, Doreen A1 - Bacskai-Atkari, Julia A1 - Alexiadou, Artemis A1 - Błaszczak, Joanna A1 - Müller, Gereon A1 - Šimík, Radek A1 - Meinunger, André A1 - Thiersch, Craig A1 - Arnhold, Anja A1 - Féry, Caroline A1 - Bayer, Josef A1 - Titov, Elena A1 - Fominyam, Henry A1 - Tran, Thuan A1 - Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina D. A1 - Schlesewsky, Matthias A1 - Zimmermann, Malte A1 - Häussler, Jana A1 - Mucha, Anne A1 - Schmidt, Andreas A1 - Weskott, Thomas A1 - Wierzba, Marta A1 - Stede, Manfred A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros A1 - Gafos, Adamantios I. A1 - Haider, Hubert A1 - Wunderlich, Dieter A1 - Staudacher, Peter A1 - Rauh, Gisa ED - Brown, Jessica M. M. ED - Schmidt, Andreas ED - Wierzba, Marta T1 - Of Trees and Birds BT - A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow N2 - Gisbert Fanselow’s work has been invaluable and inspiring to many ­researchers working on syntax, morphology, and information ­structure, both from a ­theoretical and from an experimental perspective. This ­volume comprises a collection of articles dedicated to Gisbert on the occasion of his 60th birthday, covering a range of topics from these areas and beyond. The contributions have in ­common that in a broad sense they have to do with language structures (and thus trees), and that in a more specific sense they have to do with birds. They thus cover two of Gisbert’s major interests in- and outside of the linguistic world (and ­perhaps even at the interface). KW - Festschrift KW - Linguistik KW - Syntax KW - Morphologie KW - Informationsstruktur KW - festschrift KW - linguistics KW - syntax KW - morphology KW - information structure Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426542 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ott, Susan A1 - Höhle, Barbara T1 - Verb inflection in German-learning children with typical and atypical language acquisition BT - the impact of subsyllabic frequencies T2 - Journal of Child Language N2 - Previous research has shown that high phonotactic frequencies facilitate the production of regularly inflected verbs in English-learning children with specific language impairment (SLI) but not with typical development (TD). We asked whether this finding can be replicated for German, a language with a much more complex inflectional verb paradigm than English. Using an elicitation task, the production of inflected nonce verb forms (3 rd person singular with -t suffix) with either high- or low-frequency subsyllables was tested in sixteen German-learning children with SLI (ages 4;1–5 ;1), sixteen TD-children matched for chronological age (CA) and fourteen TD- children matched for verbal age (VA) (ages 3;0–3 ;11). The findings revealed that children with SLI, but not CA- or VA-children, showed differential performance between the two types of verbs, producing more inflectional errors when the verb forms resulted in low-frequency subsyllables than when they resulted in high-frequency subsyllables, replicating the results from English-learning children. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 530 KW - english past tense KW - phonotactic probability KW - sentence repetition KW - nonword repetition KW - speaking children KW - impairment KW - morphology KW - infants KW - speech KW - words Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-416475 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 530 ER - TY - THES A1 - Elin, Kirill T1 - Morphological processing in older adults T1 - Morphologische Verarbeitung bei älteren Erwachsenen BT - evidence from Russian and German BT - Evidenz aus dem Russischen und dem Deutschen N2 - Over the last decades mechanisms of recognition of morphologically complex words have been extensively examined in order to determine whether all word forms are stored and retrieved from the mental lexicon as wholes or whether they are decomposed into their morphological constituents such as stems and affixes. Most of the research in this domain focusses on English. Several factors have been argued to affect morphological processing including, for instance, morphological structure of a word (e.g., existence of allomorphic stem alternations) and its linguistic nature (e.g., whether it is a derived word or an inflected word form). It is not clear, however, whether processing accounts based on experimental evidence from English would hold for other languages. Furthermore, there is evidence that processing mechanisms may differ across various populations including children, adult native speakers and language learners. Recent studies claim that processing mechanisms could also differ between older and younger adults (Clahsen & Reifegerste, 2017; Reifegerste, Meyer, & Zwitserlood, 2017). The present thesis examined how properties of the morphological structure, types of linguistic operations involved (i.e., the linguistic contrast between inflection and derivation) and characteristics of the particular population such as older adults (e.g., potential effects of ageing as a result of the cognitive decline or greater experience and exposure of older adults) affect initial, supposedly automatic stages of morphological processing in Russian and German. To this end, a series of masked priming experiments was conducted. In experiments on Russian, the processing of derived -ost’ nouns (e.g., glupost’ ‘stupidity’) and of inflected forms with and without allomorphic stem alternations in 1P.Sg.Pr. (e.g., igraju – igrat’ ‘to play’ vs. košu – kosit’ ‘to mow’) was examined. The first experiment on German examined and directly compared processing of derived -ung nouns (e.g., Gründung ‘foundation’) and inflected -t past participles (e.g., gegründet ‘founded’), whereas the second one investigated the processing of regular and irregular plural forms (-s forms such as Autos ‘cars’ and -er forms such as Kinder ‘children’, respectively). The experiments on both languages have shown robust and comparable facilitation effects for derived words and regularly inflected forms without stem changes (-t participles in German, forms of -aj verbs in Russian). Observed morphological priming effects could be clearly distinguished from purely semantic or orthographic relatedness between words. At the same time, we found a contrast between forms with and without allomorphic stem alternations in Russian and regular and irregular forms in German, with significantly more priming for unmarked stems (relative to alternated ones) and significantly more priming for regular (compared) word forms. These findings indicate the relevance of morphological properties of a word for initial stages of processing, contrary to claims made in the literature holding that priming effects are determined by surface form and meaning overlap only. Instead, our findings are more consistent with approaches positing a contrast between combinatorial, rule-based and lexically-stored forms (Clahsen, Sonnenstuhl, & Blevins, 2003). The doctoral dissertation also addressed the role of ageing and age-related cognitive changes on morphological processing. The results obtained on this research issue are twofold. On the one hand, the data demonstrate effects of ageing on general measures of language performance, i.e., overall longer reaction times and/or higher accuracy rates in older than younger individuals. These findings replicate results from previous studies, which have been linked to the general slowing of processing speed at older age and to the larger vocabularies of older adults. One the other hand, we found that more specific aspects of language processing appear to be largely intact in older adults as revealed by largely similar morphological priming effects for older and younger adults. These latter results indicate that initial stages of morphological processing investigated here by means of the masked priming paradigm persist in older age. One caveat should, however, be noted. Achieving the same performance as a younger individual in a behavioral task may not necessarily mean that the same neural processes are involved. Older people may have to recruit a wider brain network than younger individuals, for example. To address this and related possibilities, future studies should examine older people’s neural representations and mechanisms involved in morphological processing. N2 - In den letzten Jahrzehnten wurden die Mechanismen zur Erkennung morphologisch komplexer Wörter umfassend untersucht, um zu erforschen, ob alle Wortformen als Ganzes aus dem mentalen Lexikon abgerufen werden oder ob sie in ihre morphologischen Bestandteile (z. B. Wortstamm und Affixe) zerlegt werden. Der meisten Studien in diesem Bereich konzentrieren sich aufs Englische. Es wurde oft behauptet, dass mehrere Faktoren die morphologische Verarbeitung beeinflussen, darunter zum Beispiel die morphologische Struktur eines Wortes (z. B. das Vorhandensein allomorphischen Stammwechsels) und seine linguistische Natur (z. B. ob es sich um ein abgeleitetes Wort oder eine flektierte Wortform handelt). Es ist jedoch nicht klar, ob die postulierten Verarbeitungsmechanismen, die fast ausschließlich auf experimentellen Beweisen aus dem Englischen basieren, für andere Sprachen genauso gelten. Darüber hinaus gibt es Hinweise darauf, dass sich Verarbeitungsmechanismen in verschiedenen Bevölkerungsgruppen – einschließlich Kindern, erwachsenen Muttersprachlern und Sprachlernern – unterscheiden können. Neuere Studien behaupten, dass Verarbeitungsmechanismen zwischen älteren und jüngeren Erwachsenen möglicherweise auch unterschiedlich sind (Clahsen & Reifegerste, 2017; Reifegerste, Meyer, & Zwitserlood, 2017). In der vorliegenden Dissertation wurde untersucht, wie die morphologische Struktur, die Art der zugrunde liegenden linguistischen Operationen (z. B., der linguistische Kontrast zwischen Flexion und Ableitung) sowie Merkmale der jeweiligen Population, wie ältere Erwachsene (z. B. mögliche Auswirkungen des Alterns infolge kognitiven Rückgangs oder größerer Erfahrung von älteren Menschen) die ersten, vermeintlich automatischen Stadien der morphologischen Verarbeitung im Russischen und Deutschen beeinflussen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Reihe von maskierten Priming Experimenten (auf English: masked priming) durchgeführt. In den Experimenten übers Russische wurde die Verarbeitung von abgeleiteten -ost'-Substantiven (z. B. glupost' - 'Dummheit') und von flektierten Formen mit und ohne allomorphischen Stammwechsel in der ersten Person Singular Präsens (z. B. igraju - igrat' 'spielen' im Vergleich zu košu - kosit' 'mähen') untersucht. Darüber hinaus wurden im ersten Experiment übers Deutsche die Verarbeitung von abgeleiteten Substantiven (z. B. Gründung 'founding') und von -t-Partizipien (z. B. gegründet 'founded') untersucht und direkt verglichen, während das zweite Experiment die Verarbeitung von regulären und irregulären Plural-Formen (d. h., -s-Pluralen wie z. B. Autos 'cars' und -er-Formen wie z. B, Kinder 'children') erforschte. Die Experimente in beiden Sprachen zeigten robuste und vergleichbare Priming-Effekte für abgeleitete Wörter und regelmäßig flektierte Formen ohne Stammveränderung (einschließlich -t-Partizipien im Deutschen und Formen von -aj- Verben im Russischen). Die gefundenen morphologischen Priming-Effekte konnten von rein semantischen oder orthographischen Verbindungen zwischen Wörtern klar abgegrenzt werden. Gleichzeitig fanden wir einen Kontrast zwischen Formen mit und ohne allomorphischen Stammwechsel im Russischen sowie zwischen regulären und irregulären Formen im Deutschen, mit signifikant mehr Priming für unmarkierte Stämme (im Vergleich zu alternierenden) und signifikant mehr Priming für reguläre Wortformen (im Vergleich zu irregulären). Diese Ergebnisse weisen auf die Relevanz morphologischer Eigenschaften eines Wortes für die ersten automatischen Phasen der Worterkennung hin, im Gegensatz zu Behauptungen in der fachlichen Literatur, die besagen, dass Priming-Effekte nur durch das Überlappen von Wörtern auf orthographischer und/oder semantischer Ebene entstehen. Stattdessen sind unsere Ergebnisse mehr im Einklang mit Ansätzen, die einen Kontrast zwischen kombinatorischen und regelbasierten versus lexikalisch gespeicherten Formen postulieren (Clahsen, Sonnenstuhl, & Blevins, 2003). Die Doktorarbeit befasste sich auch mit der Rolle des Alterns und altersbedingten kognitiven Veränderungen bei der morphologischen Verarbeitung. Die Ergebnisse dieses Forschungsthemas sind zweierlei. Einerseits demonstrieren die Daten die Auswirkungen des Alterns auf allgemeine Aspekte der Sprachleistung wie zum Beispiel generell längere Reaktionszeiten und/oder weniger Fehler bei älteren als bei jüngeren Personen. Ähnliche Ergebnisse in früheren Studien wurden oft mit allgemeiner Verringerung der Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit im höheren Alter und mit dem größeren Wortschatz älterer Erwachsener in Verbindung gebracht. Anderseits stellten wir fest, dass spezifische Aspekte der Sprachverarbeitung bei älteren Erwachsenen weitgehend intakt sind, was sich durch größtenteils vergleichbare morphologische Priming-Effekte für ältere und jüngere Erwachsene zeigt. Diese letzteren Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass die ersten Stadien der morphologischen Verarbeitung, die hier mittels maskierter Priming-Experimente untersucht wurden, im höheren Alter fortbestehen. Folgender Vorbehalt sollte jedoch beachtet werden: Das Erreichen der gleichen Leistung bei jüngeren und älteren Personen in solchen Aufgaben muss nicht unbedingt bedeuten, dass dieselben neuralen Prozesse beteiligt sind. Ältere Menschen müssen unter Umständen ein breiteres Gehirnnetzwerk rekrutieren als jüngere Menschen. Aus diesem Grund sollten zukünftige Studien auch die neuralen Repräsentationen und Mechanismen untersuchen, die an der morphologischen Verarbeitung bei jüngeren und älteren Menschen beteiligt sind. KW - morphology KW - processing KW - ageing KW - Russian KW - German KW - linguistics KW - Morphologie KW - Worterkennung KW - Altern KW - Russisch KW - Deutsch KW - Sprachwissenschaft Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-418605 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Farhy, Yael A1 - Veríssimo, Joao Marques A1 - Clahsen, Harald T1 - Universal and particular in morphological processing BT - evidence from Hebrew T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Do properties of individual languages shape the mechanisms by which they are processed? By virtue of their non-concatenative morphological structure, the recognition of complex words in Semitic languages has been argued to rely strongly on morphological information and on decomposition into root and pattern constituents. Here, we report results from a masked priming experiment in Hebrew in which we contrasted verb forms belonging to two morphological classes, Paal and Piel, which display similar properties, but crucially differ on whether they are extended to novel verbs. Verbs from the open-class Piel elicited familiar root priming effects, but verbs from the closed-class Paal did not. Our findings indicate that, similarly to other (e.g., Indo-European) languages, down-to-the-root decomposition in Hebrew does not apply to stems of non-productive verbal classes. We conclude that the Semitic word processor is less unique than previously thought: Although it operates on morphological units that are combined in a non-linear way, it engages the same universal mechanisms of storage and computation as those seen in other languages. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 468 KW - language universals KW - morphology KW - priming KW - Semitic Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412541 EP - 468 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leminen, Alina A1 - Lehtonen, Minna A1 - Bozic, Mirjana A1 - Clahsen, Harald T1 - Editorial BT - morphologically complex words in the mind/brain T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - kein abstract vorhanden T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 441 KW - morphology KW - derivation KW - inflection KW - compound KW - L2 KW - dyslexia KW - semantics KW - decomposition Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407243 IS - 441 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Clahsen, Harald T1 - Contributions of linguistic typology to psycholinguistics N2 - This article first outlines different ways of how psycholinguists have dealt with linguistic diversity and illustrates these approaches with three familiar cases from research on language processing, language acquisition, and language disorders. The second part focuses on the role of morphology and morphological variability across languages for psycholinguistic research. The specific phenomena to be examined are to do with stem-formation morphology and inflectional classes; they illustrate how experimental research that is informed by linguistic typology can lead to new insights. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 325 KW - child language KW - past-tense KW - inflection KW - morphology KW - portuguese KW - lexicon KW - hebrew KW - rules Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-397757 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lorenz, Antje A1 - Heide, Judith A1 - Burchert, Frank T1 - Compound naming in aphasia: effects of complexity, part of speech, and semantic transparency JF - Language, cognition and neuroscience KW - compound production KW - morphology KW - decomposition KW - lemma KW - part of speech KW - semantic transparency KW - aphasia KW - word-finding difficulties Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01690965.2013.766357 SN - 2327-3798 SN - 2327-3801 VL - 29 IS - 1 SP - 88 EP - 106 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Albrecht, Steve A1 - Vandewal, Koen A1 - Tumbleston, John R. A1 - Fischer, Florian S. U. A1 - Douglas, Jessica D. A1 - Frechet, Jean M. J. A1 - Ludwigs, Sabine A1 - Ade, Harald W. A1 - Salleo, Alberto A1 - Neher, Dieter T1 - On the efficiency of charge transfer state splitting in polymer: Fullerene solar cells JF - Advanced materials KW - organic solar cells KW - charge generation KW - geminate recombination KW - charge transfer states KW - driving force KW - excess energy KW - morphology KW - spectroelectrochemistry Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201305283 SN - 0935-9648 SN - 1521-4095 VL - 26 IS - 16 SP - 2533 EP - 2539 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Clahsen, Harald A1 - Rothweiler, Monika A1 - Sterner, Franziska A1 - Chilla, Solveig T1 - Linguistic markers of specific language impairment in bilingual children: the case of verb morphology JF - Clinical linguistics & phonetics KW - Bilingualism KW - German KW - morphology KW - SLI KW - Turkish Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3109/02699206.2014.886726 SN - 0269-9206 SN - 1464-5076 VL - 28 IS - 9 SP - 709 EP - 721 PB - Taylor & Francis Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schöne, Anne-Christin A1 - Schulz, Burkhard A1 - Richau, Klaus A1 - Kratz, Karl A1 - Lendlein, Andreas T1 - Characterization of Langmuir films prepared from copolyesterurethanes based on oligo(omega-pentadecalactone) and oligo(epsilon-caprolactone)segments JF - Macromolecular chemistry and physics N2 - A series of multiblock copolymers (PDLCL) synthesized from oligo(omega-pentadecalactone) diol (OPDL) and oligo(epsilon-caprolactone) diol (OCL), which are linked by 2,2(4), 4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate (TMDI), is investigated by the Langmuir monolayer technique at the air-water interface. Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) and spectroscopic ellipsometry are employed to characterize the polymer film morphologies in situ. PDLCL containing >= 40 wt% OCL segments form homogeneous Langmuir monofilms after spreading. The film elasticity modulus decreases with increasing amounts of OPDL segments in the copolymer. In contrast, the OCL-free polyesterurethane OPDL-TMDI cannot be spread to monomolecular films on the water surface properly, and movable slabs are observed by BAM even at low surface pressures. The results of the in situ morphological characterization clearly show that essential information concerning the reliability of Langmuir monolayer degradation (LMD) experiments cannot be obtained from the evaluation of the pi-A isotherms only. Consequently, in situ morphological characterization turns out to be indispensable for characterization of Langmuir layers before LMD experiments. KW - brewster angle microscopy KW - ellipsometry KW - Langmuir layers KW - morphology KW - polyesterurethanes Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.201400377 SN - 1022-1352 SN - 1521-3935 VL - 215 IS - 24 SP - 2437 EP - 2445 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Nancy A1 - Tiersch, Brigitte A1 - Unterlass, Miriam M. A1 - Heilig, Anneliese A1 - Tauer, Klaus T1 - "Schizomorphic" Emulsion Copolymerization Particles JF - Macromolecular rapid communications N2 - Cryo-electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and light microscopy investigations provide experimental evidence that amphiphilic emulsion copolymerization particles change their morphology in dependence on concentration. The shape of the particles is spherical at solids content above 1%, but it changes to rod-like, ring-like, and web-like structures at lower concentrations. In addition, the shape and morphology of these particles at low concentrations are not fixed but very flexible and vary with time between spheres, flexible pearlnecklace structures, and stretched rods. KW - amphiphilic particles KW - emulsion polymerization KW - morphology Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201100491 SN - 1022-1336 VL - 32 IS - 23 SP - 1925 EP - 1929 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Malden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Turner, Sarah T. A1 - Pingel, Patrick A1 - Steyrleuthner, Robert A1 - Crossland, Edward J. W. A1 - Ludwigs, Sabine A1 - Neher, Dieter T1 - Quantitative analysis of bulk heterojunction films using linear absorption spectroscopy and solar cell performance JF - Advanced functional materials N2 - A fundamental understanding of the relationship between the bulk morphology and device performance is required for the further development of bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. Here, non-optimized (chloroform cast) and nearly optimized (solvent-annealed o-dichlorobenzene cast) P3HT:PCBM blend films treated over a range of annealing temperatures are studied via optical and photovoltaic device measurements. Parameters related to the P3HT aggregate morphology in the blend are obtained through a recently established analytical model developed by F. C. Spano for the absorption of weakly interacting H-aggregates. Thermally induced changes are related to the glass transition range of the blend. In the chloroform prepared devices, the improvement in device efficiency upon annealing within the glass transition range can be attributed to the growth of P3HT aggregates, an overall increase in the percentage of chain crystallinity, and a concurrent increase in the hole mobilities. Films treated above the glass transition range show an increase in efficiency and fill factor not only associated with the change in chain crystallinity, but also with a decrease in the energetic disorder. On the other hand, the properties of the P3HT phase in the solvent-annealed o-dichlorobenzene cast blends are almost indistinguishable from those of the corresponding pristine P3HT layer and are only weakly affected by thermal annealing. Apparently, slow drying of the blend allows the P3HT chains to crystallize into large domains with low degrees of intra- and interchain disorder. This morphology appears to be most favorable for the efficient generation and extraction of charges. KW - Organic electronics KW - morphology KW - solar cells KW - mobility KW - absorption spectroscopy Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201101583 SN - 1616-301X VL - 21 IS - 24 SP - 4640 EP - 4652 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schubert, Marcel A1 - Dolfen, Daniel A1 - Frisch, Johannes A1 - Roland, Steffen A1 - Steyrleuthner, Robert A1 - Stiller, Burkhard A1 - Chen, Zhihua A1 - Scherf, Ullrich A1 - Koch, Norbert A1 - Facchetti, Antonio A1 - Neher, Dieter T1 - Influence of aggregation on the performance of All-Polymer Solar Cells containing Low-Bandgap Naphthalenediimide Copolymers JF - dvanced energy materials N2 - The authors present efficient all-polymer solar cells comprising two different low-bandgap naphthalenediimide (NDI)-based copolymers as acceptors and regioregular P3HT as the donor. It is shown that these naphthalene copolymers have a strong tendency to preaggregate in specific organic solvents, and that preaggregation can be completely suppressed when using suitable solvents with large and highly polarizable aromatic cores. Organic solar cells prepared from such nonaggregated polymer solutions show dramatically increased power conversion efficiencies of up to 1.4%, which is mainly due to a large increase of the short circuit current. In addition, optimized solar cells show remarkable high fill factors of up to 70%. The analysis of the blend absorbance spectra reveals a surprising anticorrelation between the degree of polymer aggregation in the solid P3HT:NDI copolymer blends and their photovoltaic performance. Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements reveal important information on the blend morphology. It is shown that films with high degree of aggregation and low photocurrents exhibit large-scale phase-separation into rather pure donor and acceptor domains. It is proposed that, by suppressing the aggregation of NDI copolymers at the early stage of film formation, the intermixing of the donor and acceptor component is improved, thereby allowing efficient harvesting of photogenerated excitons at the donoracceptor heterojunction. KW - aggregation KW - morphology KW - naphthalenediimide KW - organic semiconductors KW - organic photovoltaics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201100601 SN - 1614-6832 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 369 EP - 380 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ott, Susan A1 - Höhle, Barbara T1 - Verb inflection in German-learning children with typical and atypical language acquisition BT - the impact of subsyllabic frequencies JF - Journal of child language N2 - Previous research has shown that high phonotactic frequencies facilitate the production of regularly inflected verbs in English-learning children with specific language impairment (SLI) but not with typical development (TD). We asked whether this finding can be replicated for German, a language with a much more complex inflectional verb paradigm than English. Using an elicitation task, the production of inflected nonce verb forms (3rd person singular with - t suffix) with either high-or low-frequency subsyllables was tested in sixteen German-learning children with SLI (ages 4;1-5;1), sixteen TD-children matched for chronological age (CA) and fourteen TD-children matched for verbal age (VA) (ages 3;0-3;11). The findings revealed that children with SLI, but not CA-or VA-children, showed differential performance between the two types of verbs, producing more inflectional errors when the verb forms resulted in low-frequency subsyllables than when they resulted in high-frequency subsyllables, replicating the results from English-learning children. KW - english past tense KW - sentence repetition KW - nonword repetition KW - speaking children KW - impairment KW - morphology KW - infants KW - speech KW - words Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S030500091200027X SN - 0305-0009 VL - 40 IS - 1 SP - 169 EP - 192 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauter, Tilman A1 - Kratz, Karl A1 - Lendlein, Andreas T1 - Pore-size distribution controls shape-memory properties on the macro- and microscale of polymeric foams JF - Macromolecular chemistry and physics N2 - Open porous foams with identical foam density but different pore-size distributions (bimodal or monomodal) are prepared from a shape-memory polyetherurethane (PEU) by thermally induced phase separation. The shape-memory effect of the two PEU foams is explored by cyclic thermomechanical compression tests and microstructural analysis. The obtained results reveal that the PEU foam with a bimodal pore-size distribution exhibits an increased shape-recovery under stress-free conditions, both on the macro- (foam level) as well as the microscale (pore level). While bimodal pore-size distributions induce microscale bending during compression, buckling occurs in foams with monomodal pore-size distributions, leading to both a reduced and delayed shape recovery. KW - microstructure KW - morphology KW - polymer foams KW - pore-size distribution KW - shape-memory polymers Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.201300062 SN - 1022-1352 VL - 214 IS - 11 SP - 1184 EP - 1188 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gardiner, Lauren M. A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - Motes, Martin A1 - Roberts, David L. A1 - Emerson, Brent C. T1 - Molecular phylogenetics of Vanda and related genera (Orchidaceae) JF - Botanical journal of the Linnean Society N2 - The genus Vanda and its affiliated taxa are a diverse group of horticulturally important species of orchids occurring mainly in South-East Asia, for which generic limits are poorly defined. Here, we present a molecular study using sequence data from three plastid DNA regions. It is shown that Vanda s.l. forms a clade containing approximately 73 species, including the previously accepted genera Ascocentrum, Euanthe, Christensonia, Neofinetia and Trudelia, and the species Aerides flabellata. Resolution of the phylogenetic relationships of species in Vanda s.l. is relatively poor, but existing morphological classifications for Vanda are incongruent with the results produced. Some novel species relationships are revealed, and a new morphological sectional classification is proposed based on support for these groupings and corresponding morphological characters shared by taxa and their geographical distributions. The putative occurrence of multiple pollination syndromes in this group of taxa, combined with complex biogeographical history of the South-East Asian region, is discussed in the context of these results.(c) 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 173, 549-572. KW - Aeridinae KW - Ascocentrum KW - classification KW - Euanthe KW - matK KW - morphology KW - Neofinetia KW - psbA-trnH KW - trnL KW - trnL-F Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12102 SN - 0024-4074 SN - 1095-8339 VL - 173 IS - 4 SP - 549 EP - 572 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - GEN A1 - Junginger, Mathias A1 - Kübel, Christian A1 - Schacher, Felix H. A1 - Müller, Axel H. E. A1 - Taubert, Andreas T1 - Crystal structure and chemical composition of biomimetic calcium phosphate nanofibers N2 - Calcium phosphate nanofibers with a diameter of only a few nanometers and a cotton-ball-like aggregate morphology have been reported several times in the literature. Although fiber formation seems reproducible in a variety of conditions, the crystal structure and chemical composition of the fibers have been elusive. Using scanning transmission electron microscopy, low dose electron (nano)diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy, we have assigned crystal structures and chemical compositions to the fibers. Moreover, we demonstrate that the mineralization process yields true polymer/calcium phosphate hybrid materials where the block copolymer template is closely associated with the calcium phosphate. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 244 KW - air-water-interface KW - polycationic monolayer KW - mineralization beneath KW - block-copolymers KW - aqueous-solution KW - morphology KW - orthophosphates KW - biomaterials KW - nucleation KW - clusters Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95176 SP - 11301 EP - 11308 ER - TY - THES A1 - Pingel, Patrick T1 - Morphology, charge transport properties, and molecular doping of thiophene-based organic semiconducting thin films T1 - Morphologie, Ladungstransporteigenschaften und molekulares Dotieren thiophenbasierter organischer Halbleiterschichten N2 - Organic semiconductors combine the benefits of organic materials, i.e., low-cost production, mechanical flexibility, lightweight, and robustness, with the fundamental semiconductor properties light absorption, emission, and electrical conductivity. This class of material has several advantages over conventional inorganic semiconductors that have led, for instance, to the commercialization of organic light-emitting diodes which can nowadays be found in the displays of TVs and smartphones. Moreover, organic semiconductors will possibly lead to new electronic applications which rely on the unique mechanical and electrical properties of these materials. In order to push the development and the success of organic semiconductors forward, it is essential to understand the fundamental processes in these materials. This thesis concentrates on understanding how the charge transport in thiophene-based semiconductor layers depends on the layer morphology and how the charge transport properties can be intentionally modified by doping these layers with a strong electron acceptor. By means of optical spectroscopy, the layer morphologies of poly(3-hexylthiophene), P3HT, P3HT-fullerene bulk heterojunction blends, and oligomeric polyquaterthiophene, oligo-PQT-12, are studied as a function of temperature, molecular weight, and processing conditions. The analyses rely on the decomposition of the absorption contributions from the ordered and the disordered parts of the layers. The ordered-phase spectra are analyzed using Spano’s model. It is figured out that the fraction of aggregated chains and the interconnectivity of these domains is fundamental to a high charge carrier mobility. In P3HT layers, such structures can be grown with high-molecular weight, long P3HT chains. Low and medium molecular weight P3HT layers do also contain a significant amount of chain aggregates with high intragrain mobility; however, intergranular connectivity and, therefore, efficient macroscopic charge transport are absent. In P3HT-fullerene blend layers, a highly crystalline morphology that favors the hole transport and the solar cell efficiency can be induced by annealing procedures and the choice of a high-boiling point processing solvent. Based on scanning near-field and polarization optical microscopy, the morphology of oligo-PQT-12 layers is found to be highly crystalline which explains the rather high field-effect mobility in this material as compared to low molecular weight polythiophene fractions. On the other hand, crystalline dislocations and grain boundaries are identified which clearly limit the charge carrier mobility in oligo-PQT-12 layers. The charge transport properties of organic semiconductors can be widely tuned by molecular doping. Indeed, molecular doping is a key to highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes and solar cells. Despite this vital role, it is still not understood how mobile charge carriers are induced into the bulk semiconductor upon the doping process. This thesis contains a detailed study of the doping mechanism and the electrical properties of P3HT layers which have been p-doped by the strong molecular acceptor tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane, F4TCNQ. The density of doping-induced mobile holes, their mobility, and the electrical conductivity are characterized in a broad range of acceptor concentrations. A long-standing debate on the nature of the charge transfer between P3HT and F4TCNQ is resolved by showing that almost every F4TCNQ acceptor undergoes a full-electron charge transfer with a P3HT site. However, only 5% of these charge transfer pairs can dissociate and induce a mobile hole into P3HT which contributes electrical conduction. Moreover, it is shown that the left-behind F4TCNQ ions broaden the density-of-states distribution for the doping-induced mobile holes, which is due to the longrange Coulomb attraction in the low-permittivity organic semiconductors. N2 - Organische Halbleiter kombinieren die molekulare Vielfalt und Anpassbarkeit, die mechanische Flexibilität und die preisgünstige Herstellung und Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen mit fundamentalen Halbleitereigenschaften wie Lichtabsorption und -emission und elektrischer Leitfähigkeit. Unlängst finden organische Leuchtdioden Anwendung in den Displays von TV-Geräten und Smartphones. Für die weitere Entwicklung und den Erfolg organischer Halbleiter ist das Verständnis derer physikalischer Grundlagen unabdingbar. Ein für viele Bauteile fundamentaler Prozess ist der Transport von Ladungsträgern in der organischen Schicht. Die Ladungstransporteigenschaften werden maßgeblich durch die Struktur dieser Schicht bestimmt, z.B. durch den Grad der molekularen Ordnung, die molekulare Verbindung von kristallinen Domänen und durch Defekte der molekularen Packung. Mittels optischer Spektroskopie werden in dieser Arbeit die temperatur-, molekulargewichts- und lösemittelabhängigen Struktureigenschaften poly- und oligothiophenbasierter Schichten untersucht. Dabei basiert die Analyse der Absorptionsspektren auf der Zerlegung in die spezifischen Anteile geordneten und ungeordneten Materials. Es wird gezeigt, dass sich hohe Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeiten dann erreichen lassen, wenn der Anteil der geordneten Bereiche und deren molekulare Verbindung in den Schichten möglichst hoch und die energetische Unordnung in diesen Bereichen möglichst klein ist. Der Ladungstransport in organischen Halbleitern kann außerdem gezielt beeinflusst werden, indem die Ladungsträgerdichte und die elektrische Leitfähigkeit durch molekulares Dotieren, d.h. durch das Einbringen von Elektronenakzeptoren oder -donatoren, eingestellt werden. Obwohl der Einsatz dotierter Schichten essentiell für effiziente Leuchtdioden und Solarzellen ist, ist der Mechanismus, der zur Erzeugung freier Ladungsträger im organischen Halbleiter führt, derzeit unverstanden. In dieser Arbeit wird der Ladungstransfer zwischen dem prototypischen Elektronendonator P3HT und dem Akzeptor F4TCNQ untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, dass, entgegen verbreiteter Vorstellungen, fast alle F4TCNQ-Akzeptoren einen ganzzahligen Ladungstransfer mit P3HT eingehen, aber nur 5% dieser Paare dissoziieren und einen beweglichen Ladungsträger erzeugen, der zur elektrischen Leitfähigkeit beiträgt. Weiterhin wird gezeigt, dass die zurückgelassenen F4TCNQ-Akzeptorionen Fallenzustände für die beweglichen Ladungsträger darstellen und so die Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit in P3HT bei schwacher Dotierung absinkt. Die elektrischen Kenngrößen Ladungsträgerkonzentration, Beweglichkeit und Leitfähigkeit von F4TCNQ-dotierten P3HT-Schichten werden in dieser Arbeit erstmals in weiten Bereichen verschiedener Akzeptorkonzentrationen untersucht. KW - Polythiophen KW - organische Elektronik KW - molekulares Dotieren KW - organischer Halbleiter KW - Morphologie KW - polythiohene KW - organic electronics KW - molecular doping KW - organic semiconductor KW - morphology Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-69805 ER -