TY - JOUR A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Neumann, B. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Development of a biomimetic alkane sensor f Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Neumann, B. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Enzyme and microbial sensors for environmental Monitoring Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Neumann, B. A1 - Riedel, K. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Enzyme and microbial sensors for phosphate, phenols, pesticides and peroxides Y1 - 1994 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Lisdat, Fred A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Enzymatic substrade recycling electrodes Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Hintsche, R. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Biosensors for analytical microsystems Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Drungiliene, A. A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Kulys, J. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Direct electrocatalytic determination of dissolved peroxidases Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Welzel, H.-P. A1 - Kossmehl, G. A1 - Engelmann, G. A1 - Neumann, B. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Schröder, W. T1 - Reactive groups on polymer covered electrodes, 4. Lactate-oxidase-biosensor based on electrodes modifies by polyphiophene Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Welzel, H.-P. A1 - Kossmehl, G. A1 - Engelmann, G. A1 - Neumann, B. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Electrochemical polymerization of functionalized thiohene derivatives for immobilization of proteins Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Warsinke, Axel A1 - Stancik, L. A1 - Macholán, L. A1 - Pfeiffer, Dorothea A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Biosensors for food analysis : application of biosensors to food requirements Y1 - 1998 SN - 0-85404-750-6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Warsinke, Axel A1 - Benkert, Alexander A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Biomolecular modules for creatinine determination Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Warsinke, Axel A1 - Benkert, Alexander A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Electrochemical immunoassays Y1 - 2000 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vijgenboom, E. A1 - Vijgenboom, E. A1 - Teppner, A. W. J. W. A1 - Makower, Alexander A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Canters, Gerard W. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula T1 - Determination of phenolic compounds using recombinant tyrosinanse from Streptomyces antibioticus Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Teller, C. A1 - Halamek, Jan A1 - Makower, Alexander A1 - Fournier, Didier A1 - Schulze, H. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - A piezoelectric sensor with propidium as a recognition element for cholinesterases N2 - A piezoelectric biosensor has been developed on the basis of the reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor propidium. The propidium cation was bound to a 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid monolayer on gold-coated quartz crystals. The immobilization was done via activation of carboxyl groups by 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC). Different types of cholinesterases (acetyl- and butyryl-ChE) from different origins were tested for their binding ability towards the immobilized propidium. Binding Studies were performed in a flow system, Furthermore, catalytically active and organophosphate-inhibited enzyme were compared re-aiding their binding capability. The binding constants were derived by using an one to one binding model and a refined model also including rebinding effects. It was shown that organophosphorylation of the active site hardly influences the affinity of AChE towards propidium. Furthermore the propidium-based biosensor provides equal sensitivity as compared with piezolelectric sensors with immobilized paraoxon- an active site ligand of AChE. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2005.02.053 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tanne, Johannes A1 - Jeoung, Jae-Hun A1 - Peng, Lei A1 - Yarman, Aysu A1 - Dietzel, Birgit A1 - Schulz, Burkhard A1 - Schad, Daniel A1 - Dobbek, Holger A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Bier, Frank Fabian A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Direct Electron Transfer and Bioelectrocatalysis by a Hexameric, Heme Protein at Nanostructured Electrodes JF - Electroanalysis : an international journal devoted to fundamental and practical aspects of electroanalysis N2 - A nanohybrid consisting of poly(3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid-co-aniline) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes [MWCNT-P(ABS-A)]) on a gold electrode was used to immobilize the hexameric tyrosine-coordinated heme protein (HTHP). The enzyme showed direct electron transfer between the heme group of the protein and the nanostructured surface. Desorption of the noncovalently bound heme from the protein could be excluded by control measurements with adsorbed hemin on aminohexanthiol-modified electrodes. The nanostructuring and the optimised charge characteristics resulted in a higher protein coverage as compared with MUA/MU modified electrodes. The adsorbed enzyme shows catalytic activity for the cathodic H2O2 reduction and oxidation of NADH. KW - HTHP KW - Nanohybrid KW - Poylaniline KW - Multiwalled carbon nanotube Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201500231 SN - 1040-0397 SN - 1521-4109 VL - 27 IS - 10 SP - 2262 EP - 2267 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tadjoung Waffo, Armel Franklin A1 - Yesildag, Cigdem A1 - Caserta, Giorgio A1 - Katz, Sagie A1 - Zebger, Ingo A1 - Lensen, Marga C. A1 - Wollenberger, Ulla A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Altintas, Zeynep T1 - Fully electrochemical MIP sensor for artemisinin JF - Sensors and actuators : B, Chemical N2 - This study aims to develop a rapid, sensitive and cost-effective biomimetic electrochemical sensor for artemisinin determination in plant extracts and for pharmacokinetic studies. A novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)based electrochemical sensor was developed by electropolymerization of o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) in the presence of artemisinin on gold wire surface for sensitive detection of artemisinin. The experimental parameters, including selection of functional monomer, polymerization conditions, template extraction after polymerization, influence of pH and buffer were all optimized. Every step of imprinted film synthesis were evaluated by employing voltammetry techniques, surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The specificity was further evaluated by investigating non-specific artemisinin binding on non-imprinted polymer (NIP) surfaces and an imprinting factor of 6.8 was achieved. The artemisinin imprinted polymers using o-PD as functional monomer have provided highly stable and effective binding cavities for artemisinin. Cross-reactivity studies with drug molecules showed that the MIPs are highly specific for artemisinin. The influence of matrix effect was further investigated both in artificial plant matrix and diluted human serum. The results revealed a high affinity of artemisinin-MIP with dissociation constant of 7.3 x 10(-9) M and with a detection limit of 0.01 mu M and 0.02 mu M in buffer and plant matrix, respectively. KW - Electro-synthesized molecularly imprinted polymer KW - o-Phenylenediamine KW - Artemisinin KW - Antimalarial drug detection KW - Electrochemical sensor Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.08.018 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 275 SP - 163 EP - 173 PB - Elsevier CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Szeponik, Jan A1 - Möller, B. A1 - Pfeiffer, Dorothea A1 - Lisdat, Fred A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Makower, Alexander A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Ultrasensitive bienzyme sensor for adrenaline Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöllner, Daniela A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Warsinke, Axel T1 - Membrane-immobilized haptoglobin as affinity matrix for a hemoglobin-A1c-immunosensor Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Warsinke, Axel A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Organic solvent modified enzyme-liked immunoassay for the detection of triazine herbicides Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Warsinke, Axel A1 - Micheel, Burkhard A1 - Kempter, Gerhard A1 - Höhne, Wolfgang A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Diphenylurea hapten sensing with a monoclonal antibody and its Fab fragment : kinetic and thermodynamic investigations Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Warsinke, Axel A1 - Micheel, Burkhard A1 - Höhne, Wolfgang A1 - Woller, Jochen A1 - Kempter, Gerhard A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Characterization of a monoclonal antibody and its Fab fragment against diphenylurea hapten with BIA Y1 - 1998 SN - 3-8154-3540-4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Warsinke, Axel A1 - Micheel, Burkhard A1 - Höhne, Wolfgang A1 - Woller, Jochen A1 - Kempter, Gerhard A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Detection of diphenylurea derivatives with biospecific interaction analysis (BIA) : Kinetic investigations Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Abuknesha, Rhamadan T1 - Effects of organic solvents on semicontinuous immunochemical detection of coumarin derivatives Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Enzymes and antibodies in organic media : analytical applications Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Laccase : a marker enzyme for solvent modified immunoassays Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Rohde, M. A1 - Scharte, Gudrun A1 - Behrsing, Olaf A1 - Warsinke, Axel A1 - Micheel, Burkhard A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Sensitive detection of triazine and phenylurea pesticides in pure organic solvent by enzyme linked immunsorbent assay (ELISA): stabilities, solubilities and sensitives Y1 - 2000 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Makower, Alexander A1 - Bier, Frank Fabian A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Enzyme sensors and enzyme amplifification systems Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöcklein, Walter F. M. A1 - Behrsing, Olaf A1 - Scharte, Gudrun A1 - Micheel, Burkhard A1 - Benkert, Alexander A1 - Schössler, W. A1 - Warsinke, Axel A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Enzyme kinetic assays with surface plasmon resonance (BIAcore) based on competition between enzyme and creatinine antibody Y1 - 2000 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Streffer, Katrin A1 - Kaatz, Helvi A1 - Bauer, Christian G. A1 - Makower, Alexander A1 - Schulmeister, Thomas A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Peter, Martin G. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula T1 - Application of a sensitive catechol detector for determination of tyrosinase inhibitors Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stojanovic, Zorica A1 - Erdossy, Julia A1 - Keltai, Katalin A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Gyurcsanyi, Robert E. T1 - Electrosynthesized molecularly imprinted polyscopoletin nanofilms for human serum albumin detection JF - Analytica chimica acta : an international journal devoted to all branches of analytical chemistry N2 - Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) rendered selective solely by the imprinting with protein templates lacking of distinctive properties to facilitate strong target-MIP interaction are likely to exhibit medium to low template binding affinities. While this prohibits the use of such MIPs for applications requiring the assessment of very low template concentrations, their implementation for the quantification of high-abundance proteins seems to have a clear niche in the analytical practice. We investigated this opportunity by developing a polyscopoletin-based MIP nanofilm for the electrochemical determination of elevated human serum albumin (HSA) in urine. As reference for a low abundance protein ferritin-MIPs were also prepared by the same procedure. Under optimal conditions, the imprinted sensors gave a linear response to HSA in the concentration range of 20-100 mg/dm(3), and to ferritin in the range of 120-360 mg/dm(3). While as expected the obtained limit of detection was not sufficient to determine endogenous ferritin in plasma, the HSA-sensor was successfully employed to analyse urine samples of patients with albuminuria. The results suggest that MIP-based sensors may be applicable for quantifying high abundance proteins in a clinical setting. (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Human serum albumin KW - Ferritin KW - Molecularly imprinted polymer KW - Scopoletin KW - Urine Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2017.04.043 SN - 0003-2670 SN - 1873-4324 VL - 977 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoellner, Daniela A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Warsinke, Axel T1 - Activation of cellulose membranes with 1,1ï-carbonyldiimidazole or 1-cyano-4-4-dimethylaminopyridinium tetrafluoroborate as a basis for the development of immunosensors Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stancík, L. A1 - Macholán, L. A1 - Pluhacek, I. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Biosensing of rapeseed glucosinolates using amperometric enzyme electrodes based on membrane-bound glucose oxidase or tyrosinase Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stancik, L. A1 - Macholán, L. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Biosensing of tyrosinase inhibitors in nonaqueous solvents Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spricigo, Roberto A1 - Richter, Claudia A1 - Leimkühler, Silke A1 - Gorton, Lo A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula T1 - Sulfite biosensor based on osmium redox polymer wired sulfite oxidase N2 - A biosensor, based on a redoxactive osmium polymer and sulfite oxidase on screen-printed electrodes, is presented here as a promising method for the detection of sulfite. A catalytic oxidative current was generated when a sample containing sulfite was pumped over the carbon screen-printed electrode modified with osmium redox polymer wired sulfite oxidase. A stationary value was reached after approximately 50 s and a complete measurement lasted no more than 3 min. The electrode polarized at -0.1 V (vs. Ag vertical bar AgCl 1M KCl) permits minimizing the influence of interfering substances, since these compounds can be unspecific oxidized at higher potentials. Because of the good stability of the protein film on the electrode surface, a well functioning biosensor-flow system was possible to construct. The working stability and reproducibility were further enhanced by the addition of bovine serum albumin generating a more long-term stable and biocompatible protein environment. The optimized biosensor showed a stable signal for more than a week of operation and a coefficient of variation of 4.8% for 12 successive measurements. The lower limit of detection of the sensor was 0.5 mu M sulfite and the response was linear until 100 mu M. The high sensitivity permitted a 1:500 dilution of wine samples. The immobilization procedure and the operational conditions granted minimized interferences. Additionally, repeating the immobilization procedure to form several layers of wired SO further increased the sensitivity of such a sensor. Finally. the applicability of the developed sulfite biosensor was tested on real samples, such as white and red wines. Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09277757 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.09.001 SN - 0927-7757 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spricigo, Roberto A1 - Leimkühler, Silke A1 - Gorton, Lo A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula T1 - The Electrically Wired Molybdenum Domain of Human Sulfite Oxidase is Bioelectrocatalytically Active JF - European journal of inorganic chemistry : a journal of ChemPubSoc Europe N2 - We report electron transfer between the catalytic molybdenum cofactor (Moco) domain of human sulfite oxidase (hSO) and electrodes through a poly(vinylpyridine)-bound [osmium(N,N'-methyl-2,2'-biimidazole)(3)](2+/3+) complex as the electron-transfer mediator. The biocatalyst was immobilized in this low-potential redox polymer on a carbon electrode. Upon the addition of sulfite to the immobilized separate Moco domain, the generation of a significant catalytic current demonstrated that the catalytic center is effectively wired and active. The bioelectrocatalytic current of the wired separate catalytic domain reached 25% of the signal of the wired full molybdoheme enzyme hSO, in which the heme b(5) is involved in the electron-transfer pathway. This is the first report on a catalytically active wired molybdenum cofactor domain. The formal potential of this electrochemical mediator is between the potentials of the two cofactors of hSO, and as hSO can occupy several conformations in the polymer matrix, it is imaginable that electron transfer from the catalytic site to the electrode through the osmium center occurs for the hSO molecules in which the Moco domain is sufficiently accessible. The observation of catalytic oxidation currents at low potentials is favorable for applications in bioelectronic devices. KW - Metalloenzymes KW - Enzyme catalysis KW - Immobilization KW - Osmium Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201500034 SN - 1434-1948 SN - 1099-0682 IS - 21 SP - 3526 EP - 3531 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spricigo, Roberto A1 - Dronov, Roman A1 - Lisdat, Fred A1 - Leimkühler, Silke A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula T1 - Electrocatalytic sulfite biosensor with human sulfite oxidase co-immobilized with cytochrome c in a polyelectrolyte-containing multilayer N2 - An efficient electrocatalytic biosensor for sulfite detection was developed by co-immobilizing sulfite oxidase and cytochrome c with polyaniline sulfonic acid in a layer-by-layer assembly. QCM, UV-Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry revealed increasing loading of electrochemically active protein with the formation of multilayers. The sensor operates reagentless at low working potential. A catalytic oxidation current was detected in the presence of sulfite at the modified gold electrode, polarized at +0.1 V ( vs. Ag/AgCl 1 M KCl). The stability of the biosensor performance was characterized and optimized. A 17-bilayer electrode has a linear range between 1 and 60 mu M sulfite with a sensitivity of 2.19 mA M-1 sulfite and a response time of 2 min. The electrode retained a stable response for 3 days with a serial reproducibility of 3.8% and lost 20% of sensitivity after 5 days of operation. It is possible to store the sensor in a dry state for more than 2 months. The multilayer electrode was used for determination of sulfite in unspiked and spiked samples of red and white wine. The recovery and the specificity of the signals were evaluated for each sample. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100417 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-008-2432-y SN - 1618-2642 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Song, Min Ik A1 - Bier, Frank Fabian A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - A method to detect superoxide radicals using teflon membrane and superoxide dismutase Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sigolaeva, L. V. A1 - Markower, Alexander A1 - Eremenko, A. V. A1 - Makhaeva, G. F. A1 - Malygin, V. V. A1 - Kurochkin, I. N. A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Bioelectrochemical anaysis of neuropathy targes esterase activity in blood Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shumyantseva, V. V. A1 - Ivanov, Y. D. A1 - Bistolas, Nikitas A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Archakov, Alexander I. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula T1 - Direct electron transfer of cytochrome P450 2B4 at electrodes modified with non-ionic detergent and colloidal clay nanoparticles N2 - A method for construction of biosensors with membranous cytochrome P450 isoenzymes was developed based on clay/ detergent/protein mixed films. Thin films of sodium montmorillonite colloid with incorporated cytochrome P450 2134 (CYP2B4) with nonionic detergent were prepared on glassy carbon electrodes. The modified electrodes were electrochemically characterized, and bio-electrocatalytic reactions were followed. CYP2B4 can be reduced fast on clay- modified glassy carbon electrodes in the presence of the nonionic detergent Tween 80. In anaerobic solutions, reversible oxidation and reduction is obtained with a formal potential between -0.292 and - 0.305 V vs Ag/AgCl 1 M KCl depending on the preparation of the biosensor. In air-saturated solution, bio-electrocatalytic reduction currents can be obtained with the CYP2B4-modified electrode on addition of typical substrates such as aminopyrine and benzphetamine. This reaction was suppressed when methyrapone, an inhibitor of P450 reactions, was present. Measurement of product formation also indicates the bioelectrocatialysis by CYP2B4 Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schulmeister, Thomas A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - The mathematics of exponential signal amplification in amperometric three enzyme electrodes Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schulmeister, Thomas A1 - Rose, Jürgen A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Mathematical modelling of exponential amplification in membrane-based enzyme sensors Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Zhang, Xiaorong A1 - Yarman, Aysu A1 - Wollenberger, Ulla A1 - Gyurcsányi, Róbert E. T1 - Molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensors for biopolymers JF - Current opinion in electrochemistry N2 - Electrochemical synthesis and signal generation dominate among the almost 1200 articles published annually on protein-imprinted polymers. Such polymers can be easily prepared directly on the electrode surface, and the polymer thickness can be precisely adjusted to the size of the target to enable its free exchange. In this architecture, the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) layer represents only one ‘separation plate’; thus, the selectivity does not reach the values of ‘bulk’ measurements. The binding of target proteins can be detected straightforwardly by their modulating effect on the diffusional permeability of a redox marker through the thin MIP films. However, this generates an ‘overall apparent’ signal, which may include nonspecific interactions in the polymer layer and at the electrode surface. Certain targets, such as enzymes or redox active proteins, enables a more specific direct quantification of their binding to MIPs by in situ determination of the enzyme activity or direct electron transfer, respectively. KW - Electropolymerization KW - Direct electron transfer KW - Redox marker KW - Epitope imprinting KW - Biomarker Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2018.12.005 SN - 2451-9103 VL - 14 SP - 53 EP - 59 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Yarman, Aysu A1 - Bachmann, Till A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Kubick, Stefan A1 - Renneberg, Reinhard A1 - Schumacher, Soeren A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Teller, Carsten A1 - Bier, Frank Fabian ED - Gu, MB ED - Kim, HS T1 - Future of biosensors: a personal view JF - Advances in biochemical engineering, biotechnology JF - Advances in Biochemical Engineering-Biotechnology N2 - Biosensors representing the technological counterpart of living senses have found routine application in amperometric enzyme electrodes for decentralized blood glucose measurement, interaction analysis by surface plasmon resonance in drug development, and to some extent DNA chips for expression analysis and enzyme polymorphisms. These technologies have already reached a highly advanced level and need minor improvement at most. The dream of the "100-dollar' personal genome may come true in the next few years provided that the technological hurdles of nanopore technology or of polymerase-based single molecule sequencing can be overcome. Tailor-made recognition elements for biosensors including membrane-bound enzymes and receptors will be prepared by cell-free protein synthesis. As alternatives for biological recognition elements, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been created. They have the potential to substitute antibodies in biosensors and biochips for the measurement of low-molecular-weight substances, proteins, viruses, and living cells. They are more stable than proteins and can be produced in large amounts by chemical synthesis. Integration of nanomaterials, especially of graphene, could lead to new miniaturized biosensors with high sensitivity and ultrafast response. In the future individual therapy will include genetic profiling of isoenzymes and polymorphic forms of drug-metabolizing enzymes especially of the cytochrome P450 family. For defining the pharmacokinetics including the clearance of a given genotype enzyme electrodes will be a useful tool. For decentralized online patient control or the integration into everyday "consumables' such as drinking water, foods, hygienic articles, clothing, or for control of air conditioners in buildings and cars and swimming pools, a new generation of "autonomous' biosensors will emerge. KW - Biosensors KW - Molecularly imprinted polymers KW - Personalized medicine Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-642-54143-8; 978-3-642-54142-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2013_251 SN - 0724-6145 VL - 140 SP - 1 EP - 28 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Warsinke, Axel A1 - Lisdat, Fred T1 - Research and development in biosensors Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Schubert, Florian A1 - Pfeiffer, Dorothea A1 - Markower, Alexander A1 - McNeil, C. J. T1 - Multienzyme biosensors : coupled enzyme reactions and enzyme activation Y1 - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Pfeiffer, Dorothea A1 - Schubert, Florian T1 - Overview of biosensor technology : proceedings of Mosbach Symposion on Biochemical Technology Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Lei, Chenghong A1 - Jin, Wen A1 - Ge, Bixia A1 - Lehmann, Claudia A1 - Lisdat, Fred A1 - Fridman, Vadim T1 - Bioelectrocatalysis by redox enzymes at modified electrodes Y1 - 2002 UR - www.elsevier.nl/inca/publications/6/0/1/3/4/7/index.htt ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula T1 - Enzyme Electrodes Y1 - 2003 SN - 3-527-30401-0 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Wagener, C. T1 - From gene to life Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Schubert, Frank A1 - Federowitz, J. T1 - Present state and frontiers in biosensorics Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Schmid, Rolf T1 - A tribute to Isao Karube (1942-2020) and his influence on sensor science JF - Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica KW - Karube KW - Japan KW - biosensors KW - lifetime achievements Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02946-5 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 412 IS - 28 SP - 7709 EP - 7711 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER -