TY  - CHAP
A1  - Weiß, Norman
ED  - Löhr, Isabella
ED  - Wenzlhuemer, Roland
T1  - Institutionalised Co-operation on International Communication : The International Administrative Unions as a Means of Governing Globalisation Processes
T2  - The Nation State and Beyond : Governing Globalization Processes in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries (Transcultural Research - Heidelberg Studies on Asia and Europe in a Global Context)
N2  - The nineteenth century witnessed restoration and reformation, the heyday of the nation state in Europe and inter-state cooperation at the same time. Driven by technical progress, communication across borders became an everyday phenomenon demanding transnational cooperation and regulation. Whereas in the political field irregular conferences turned out to be an appropriate instrument for governing transnational cooperation, a more constant and institutionalised matter proved to be adequate for technical cooperation.

In 1865, the International Telegraph Convention set up a relevant administrative union which merged in 1932 with the International Radiotelegraph Union from 1906 to form the newly labelled International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The parties to the ITU met regularly in so-called plenipotentiary conferences every 3 years. Already in 1875 the International Telegraph Convention was completely redrafted and the organisation’s structure changed. The contracting parties created an instrument that paved the way for a modern form of international standard setting. The new, simplified convention contained only general provisions of a policy nature that would remain in effect for an “indeterminate length of time” (Art. 20), detailed rules of a transitory and specific nature that might be subject to frequent changes with the progress of technology were put into the “Regulations for international service” (also known as the Telegraph Regulations). The newly established “administrative conferences” attended by technical experts from the member states were responsible for revising the regulations when necessary.

This was an early example of the transferral of power from sovereign nation states to an international organisation in order to govern transnational communication effectively. The administrative unions, as the first examples in modern history, show the ability of self-interested rational agents to overcome collective action dilemmas, i.e. situations where cooperation avoids sub-optimal outcomes for cooperators. The newly created institutions shaped a spirit of cooperation and the practice of standard setting proved that cooperation is effective. Furthermore, they show the spill-over effects of cooperation: increased cooperation in one area leads to increased cooperation in other areas.
Y1  - 2010
SN  - 978-3-642-32934-0 (online)
SN  - 978-3-642-32933-3 (print)
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32934-0
SN  - 2191-656X
SP  - 65
EP  - 82
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin, Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kilian, Sven Thorsten
ED  - Klettke, Cornelia
ED  - Maag, Georg
T1  - Rhetorik der Wolken in Niccolò Ammanitis Come Dio comanda
T2  - Reflexe eines Umwelt- und Klimabewusstseins in fiktionalen Texten der Romania. Eigentliches und uneigentliches Schreiben zu einem sich verdichtenden globalen Problem
Y1  - 2010
SN  - 978-3-86596-279-9
SP  - 455
EP  - 473
PB  - Frank & Timme
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Weber, André
ED  - Klettke, Cornelia
ED  - Maag, Georg
T1  - Physikalisches Wissen und ästhetische Darstellung in Sur les nuages (1888) von Guy de Maupassant
T2  - Reflexe eines Umwelt- und Klimabewusstseins in fiktionalen Texten der Romania – Eigentliches und uneigentliches Schreiben zu einem sich verdichtenden globalen Problem. Akten der Sektion 2.6. auf dem 31. Deutschen Romanistentag 2009 in Bonn
Y1  - 2010
SN  - 978-3-86596-279-9
SP  - 113
EP  - 133
PB  - Frank & Timme
CY  - Berlin
ER  -