TY - GEN A1 - Petritsch, Wolfgang T1 - Wer regiert die Welt? T1 - Who rules the world? N2 - Das Ende des Nachkriegssystems der multilateralen Finanzorganisationen ist keines im eigentlichen Sinn des Wortes. Aber die Veränderungen im internationalen System sind evident und beschränken sich nicht auf Weltbank und Währungsfonds. Die entscheidende Verschiebung des globalen Machtgefüges findet außerhalb des multilateralen Systems der UNO statt. Es sind informelle Gruppen, die Gs in verschiedener Stärke: G-7/8 als westliches Auslaufmodell, der Newcomer G-20 und wenn Europa nicht aufpasst die G-2: Chinamerica. KW - Global Governance KW - Finanzpolitik KW - Global Governance KW - Financial Policy Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Imhof-Rudolph, Heike T1 - Wehrpflicht ade - tut Scheiden weh? N2 - Wieviel Bundeswehr braucht Deutschland? Und wozu? Das primäre Ziel der Bundeswehr, die Landesverteidigung, ist ein genauso antiquierter Begriff wie ihre Struktur. Welche Transformation der Streitkräfte ist geboten? KW - Militär KW - Deutschland KW - Wehrpflicht KW - Armed Forces KW - Germany KW - Conscription Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48970 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Karl T1 - Verhandlungen oder militärische Option? : Chancen und Risiken für Afghanistan N2 - Nach wie vor ist es der internationalen Gemeinschaft nicht gelungen, eine Lösung für die afghanische Krise zu präsentieren. Dabei macht die gegenwärtige Situation eine Beendigung des Kriegszustands sowie die Aufnahme von konstruktiven Verhandlungen unerlässlich. Die Genfer Verhandlungen der 1980er Jahre über den Abzug der Sowjetarmee aus Afghanistan könnten hierbei als Vorbild dienen. KW - Afghanistan KW - UN KW - Sowjetunion KW - Afghanistan KW - UN KW - Soviet Union Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48984 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Budke, Alexandra T1 - Und der Zukunft abgewandt BT - ideologische Erziehung im Geographieunterricht der DDR T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Seit dem Ende der DDR, das den Zusammenbruch des Ostblocks und damit die Beendigung des »Kalten Kriegs« einleitete, wird verstärkt versucht, das Wesen dieses Staates zu definieren und damit seine Folgen auf wirtschaftlicher, sozialer, psychologischer und bildungspolitischer Ebene zu verstehen und einzuordnen. Alexandra Budke analysiert in diesem Band das Schulfach Geographie, das neben der Staatsbürgerkunde und der Geschichte ein zentrales Fach war und in dem die in den Lehrplänen definierte »staatsbürgerliche, weltanschauliche oder ideologische Erziehung« auf der Grundlage des Marxismus-Leninismus stattfinden sollte. Sie klärt, inwiefern Geographieunterricht in der DDR genutzt wurde, um geopolitische Interessen des Staates zu kommunizieren und zu verbreiten. Damit lässt sich durch die detaillierte Analyse des Fachunterrichts auch die Frage beantworten, ob SchülerInnen im Unterricht politisch manipuliert wurden und welche Handlungsmöglichkeiten die zentralen Akteure des Unterrichts, die LehrerInnen und die SchülerInnen, im Rahmen der durch die Bildungspolitik gesetzten curricularen Vorgaben wahrgenommen haben. N2 - Since the end of the German Democratic Republic and with it the collapse of the Eastern Bloc and the termination of the Cold War, efforts have been stepped up to define the real essence of the East German state and thus to understand and classify its consequences in economic, social, psychological and educational terms. In this volume, Alexandra Budke analyses the school subject of geography, which was one of the major subjects besides civics and history, in which “civic, philosophical and ideological education” as defined in the curricula was imparted from a Marxist-Leninist perspective. The author examines to what extent geography lessons in East Germany were used to communicate and propagate the geopolitical interests of the state. Her detailed analysis of geography lessons enables her to assess whether school students were politically manipulated, and what options for action were perceived by the key actors in lessons – namely the teachers and the students – within the scope of the curricula imposed by educational policy. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 813 KW - Deutschland, DDR KW - Ideologische Arbeit KW - Geografieunterricht KW - Geschichte Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-410801 SN - 978-3-89971-627-6 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 813 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Mathias T1 - Tolerierter Schmuggel T1 - Tolerated smuggling N2 - Grenzen sind soziale Tatsachen, die sich räumlich manifestieren – etwa wenn Schmuggler und Grenzschützer an Grenzübergängen aufeinandertreffen und in ritualisierter Form Bedingungen und Möglichkeiten des Grenzübertritts aushandeln. Das Grenzgeschehen wird in diesem Beitrag in soziologisch-ethnologischer Perspektive am Beispiel des Kaliningrader Grenzgebiets betrachtet. KW - Polen KW - Grenzkontrolle KW - Poland KW - Border Control Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41611 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuperman, Victor A1 - Dambacher, Michael A1 - Nuthmann, Antje A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold T1 - The effect of word position on eye-movements in sentence and paragraph reading N2 - The present study explores the role of the word position-in-text in sentence and paragraph reading. Three eye-movement data sets based on the reading of Dutch and German unrelated sentences reveal a sizeable, replicable increase in reading times over several words in the beginning and the end of sentences. The data from the paragraphbased English-language Dundee corpus replicate the pattern and also indicate that the increase in inspection times is driven by the visual boundaries of the text organized in lines, rather than by syntactic sentence boundaries. We argue that this effect is independent of several established lexical, contextual and oculomotor predictors of eye-movement behavior. We also provide evidence that the effect of word position-intext has two independent components: a start-up effect arguably caused by a strategic oculomotor program of saccade planning over the line of text, and a wrap-up effect originating in cognitive processes of comprehension and semantic integration. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 235 KW - eye movements KW - word processing KW - sentence processing Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-56828 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Südafrika und die Fußball-WM T1 - South Africa and the Football Championship N2 - Quid novi ex Africa? Diese Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft hat das Potenzial, am negativen Image des Kontinents zu rütteln. Wenn am 11. Juni das erste Spiel beginnt, sollte dies auch für uns Anstoß sein, über Afrika und dessen Platz in der Welt von heute nachzudenken. Auf dem Streitplatz diskutieren wir die Interessen Deutschlands. Weiterhin wird in diesem Heft die Shanghai-Gruppe analysiert, über den Kopenhagener Klimagipfel als Präzedenzfall für die künftige Weltpolitik nachgedacht und die ultimative Frage "Wer regiert die Welt?" beantwortet. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hohenstein, Sven A1 - Laubrock, Jochen A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold T1 - Semantic preview benefit in eye movements during reading: a parafoveal past-priming study N2 - Eye movements in reading are sensitive to foveal and parafoveal word features. Whereas the influence of orthographic or phonological parafoveal information on gaze control is undisputed, there has been no reliable evidence for early parafoveal extraction of semantic information in alphabetic script. Using a novel combination of the gaze-contingent fast-priming and boundary paradigms, we demonstrate semantic preview benefit when a semantically related parafoveal word was available during the initial 125 ms of a fixation on the pre-target word (Experiments 1 and 2). When the target location was made more salient, significant parafoveal semantic priming occurred only at 80 ms (Experiment 3). Finally, with short primes only (20, 40, 60 ms) effects were not significant but numerically in the expected direction for 40 and 60 ms (Experiment 4). In all experiments, fixation durations on the target word increased with prime durations under all conditions. The evidence for extraction of semantic information from the parafoveal word favors an explanation in terms of parallel word processing in reading. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 261 KW - eye movements KW - reading KW - parafoveal preview KW - semantic priming Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57203 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Selektive Grenzen T1 - Selective borders N2 - Die Grenze - historisches Auslaufmodell? Moralische Zumutung? Unabdingbare Tatsache? Meist ist sie eine Art Limes: Durchlässig für den Austausch bestimmter Waren und Personen, zugleich Schutz gegen das Eindringen unerwünschter Fremder. Vielfach erklärtes Ziel ist ein "grenzenloses Europa". Im Innern der EU sind Schlagbäume verschwunden, an den Rändern wird vielerorts abgeschottet. Die Grenzsortierungen der EU sind Thema der aktuellen WeltTrends. Afghanistan und kein Ende? Die Londoner Konferenz verspricht trotz "neuer Strategie" keinen erfolgreichen Neuanfang. "Es wird zunächst schlimmer", so ein hoher deutscher Militär. Alternativen müssen diskutiert werden: WeltTrends bietet den Raum. KW - Grenzen KW - EU KW - Migration KW - borders KW - EU KW - migration Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41601 SN - 978-3-941880-08-5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wels, Volkhard T1 - Sebastian Brants "Narrenschiff" als Sammlung von Argumenten im Sinne von Rudolf Agricolas "De formando studio" T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe N2 - Die These des Aufsatzes lautet, dass es sich bei Sebastian Brants „Narrenschiff“ um einen Text handelt, der entsprechend der Prinzipien verstanden werden kann, die Rudolf Agricola für das Sammeln von Argumenten formuliert hat. Das Gründungsdokument dieser humanistischen Methode, die unter dem Begriff der „loci communes“ Geschichte gemacht hat, ist ein Brief Agricolas aus dem Jahr 1484. Ein erster Teil des Aufsatzes stellt Agricolas Argumentationstheorie dar, ein zweiter Teil zeigt, dass Brants „Narrenschiff“ als Ergebnis dieser Argumentationstheorie verstanden werden kann. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe - 100 KW - Sebastian Brant KW - Narrenschiff KW - Rudolf Agricola KW - De inventione dialectica KW - Argumentationstheorie KW - loci communes KW - Dialektik KW - Frühe Neuzeit KW - Deutsche Literatur der Frühen Neuzeit Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-90610 SN - 1866-8380 IS - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleinwächter, Lutz T1 - Reif für die Weltpolitik? T1 - Poised for world politics? N2 - Bereits vor zehn Jahren diskutierten wir über die außenpolitische Reife deutscher Eliten. Das Ergebnis war widersprüchlich, kritisch ernüchternd. Gegenwärtig, 20 Jahre nach der deutschen Einheit, ist es an der Zeit, erneut nachzufragen. Die Welt- und Europapolitik sind im Fieber. Die neokonservative Marktwirtschaft – bis vor Kurzem noch siegessicher – erodiert. Die westliche Welt steckt am Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts in einer Systemkrise. Hektische Gipfel jagen einander, von Kopenhagen über London und Davos bis nach München. Da ist die Frage erlaubt: Wie steht es in solch turbulenten Zeiten eigentlich um die deutsche Außenpolitik? KW - Deutsche Außenpolitik KW - Eliten KW - EU KW - German Foreign Policy KW - Elite KW - EU Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41627 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weiße, Andrea Y. A1 - Middleton, Richard H. A1 - Huisinga, Wilhelm T1 - Quantifying uncertainty, variability and likelihood for ordinary differential equation models T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background In many applications, ordinary differential equation (ODE) models are subject to uncertainty or variability in initial conditions and parameters. Both, uncertainty and variability can be quantified in terms of a probability density function on the state and parameter space. Results The partial differential equation that describes the evolution of this probability density function has a form that is particularly amenable to application of the well-known method of characteristics. The value of the density at some point in time is directly accessible by the solution of the original ODE extended by a single extra dimension (for the value of the density). This leads to simple methods for studying uncertainty, variability and likelihood, with significant advantages over more traditional Monte Carlo and related approaches especially when studying regions with low probability. Conclusions While such approaches based on the method of characteristics are common practice in other disciplines, their advantages for the study of biological systems have so far remained unrecognized. Several examples illustrate performance and accuracy of the approach and its limitations. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 894 KW - ordinary differential equation KW - Unscented Kalman Filter KW - global sensitivity analysis KW - Ordinary Differential Equation model KW - joint normal distribution Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431340 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 894 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riaño-Pachón, Diego Mauricio A1 - Kleessen, Sabrina A1 - Neigenfind, Jost A1 - Durek, Pawel A1 - Weber, Elke A1 - Engelsberger, Wolfgang R. A1 - Walther, Dirk A1 - Selbig, Joachim A1 - Schulze, Waltraud X. A1 - Kersten, Birgit T1 - Proteome-wide survey of phosphorylation patterns affected by nuclear DNA polymorphisms in Arabidopsis thaliana T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background: Protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification influencing many aspects of dynamic cellular behavior. Site-specific phosphorylation of amino acid residues serine, threonine, and tyrosine can have profound effects on protein structure, activity, stability, and interaction with other biomolecules. Phosphorylation sites can be affected in diverse ways in members of any species, one such way is through single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The availability of large numbers of experimentally identified phosphorylation sites, and of natural variation datasets in Arabidopsis thaliana prompted us to analyze the effect of non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) onto phosphorylation sites. Results: From the analyses of 7,178 experimentally identified phosphorylation sites we found that: (i) Proteins with multiple phosphorylation sites occur more often than expected by chance. (ii) Phosphorylation hotspots show a preference to be located outside conserved domains. (iii) nsSNPs affected experimental phosphorylation sites as much as the corresponding non-phosphorylated amino acid residues. (iv) Losses of experimental phosphorylation sites by nsSNPs were identified in 86 A. thaliana proteins, among them receptor proteins were overrepresented. These results were confirmed by similar analyses of predicted phosphorylation sites in A. thaliana. In addition, predicted threonine phosphorylation sites showed a significant enrichment of nsSNPs towards asparagines and a significant depletion of the synonymous substitution. Proteins in which predicted phosphorylation sites were affected by nsSNPs (loss and gain), were determined to be mainly receptor proteins, stress response proteins and proteins involved in nucleotide and protein binding. Proteins involved in metabolism, catalytic activity and biosynthesis were less affected. Conclusions: We analyzed more than 7,100 experimentally identified phosphorylation sites in almost 4,300 protein-coding loci in silico, thus constituting the largest phosphoproteomics dataset for A. thaliana available to date. Our findings suggest a relatively high variability in the presence or absence of phosphorylation sites between different natural accessions in receptor and other proteins involved in signal transduction. Elucidating the effect of phosphorylation sites affected by nsSNPs on adaptive responses represents an exciting research goal for the future. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1328 KW - Gene Ontology KW - Phosphorylation Site KW - phosphorylated amino acid KW - slim term KW - single nucleotide polymorphism mapping Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431181 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1328 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hajialioghli, Robab A1 - Moazzen, Mohssen A1 - Jahangiri, Ahmad A1 - Oberhänsli, Roland A1 - Mocek, Beate A1 - Altenberger, Uwe T1 - Petrogenesis and tectonic evolution of metaluminous sub-alkaline granitoids from the Takab Complex, NW Iran T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The Takab complex is composed of a variety of metamorphic rocks including amphibolites, metapelites, mafic granulites, migmatites and meta-ultramafics, which are intruded by the granitoid. The granitoid magmatic activity occurred in relation to the subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic crust beneath the Iranian crust during Tertiary times. The granitoids are mainly granodiorite, quartz monzodiorite, monzonite and quartz diorite. Chemically, the magmatic rocks are characterized by ASI < 1.04, AI < 0.87 and high contents of CaO (up to ∼ 14.5 wt %), which are consistent with the I-type magmatic series. Low FeO t /(FeO t +MgO) values (< 0.75) as well as low Nb, Y and K 2 O contents of the investigated rocks resemble the calc-alkaline series. Low SiO 2 , K 2 O/Na 2 O and Al 2 O 3 accompanied by high CaO and FeO contents indicate melting of metabasites as an appropriate source for the intrusions. Negative Ti and Nb anomalies verify a metaluminous crustal origin for the protoliths of the investigated igneous rocks. These are comparable with compositions of the associated mafic migmatites, in the Takab metamorphic complex, which originated from the partial melting of amphibolites. Therefore, crustal melting and a collision-related origin for the Takab calc-alkaline intrusions are proposed here on the basis of mineralogy and geochemical characteristics. The P–T evolution during magmatic crystallization and subsolidus cooling stages is determined by the study of mineral chemistry of the granodiorite and the quartz diorite. Magmatic crystallization pressure and temperature for the quartz-diorite and the granodiorite are estimated to be P ∼ 7.8 ± 2.5 kbar, T ∼ 760 ± 75 ◦C and P ∼ 5 ± 1 kbar, T ∼ 700 ◦C, respectively. Subsolidus conditions are consistent with temperatures of ∼ 620 ◦C and ∼ 600 ◦C, and pressures of ∼ 5 kbar and ∼ 3.5 kbar for the quartz-diorite and the granodiorite, respectively. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 570 KW - granitoids KW - partial melting KW - Neo-Tethys KW - Takab KW - NW Iran Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413100 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 570 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ming, Yan A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Shu, Hua A1 - Pan, Jinger A1 - Zhou, Xiaolin T1 - Parafoveal Load of Word N+1 Modulates Preprocessing Effectivenessof Word N+2 in Chinese Reading N2 - Preview benefits (PBs) from two words to the right of the fixated one (i.e., word N+2)and associated parafoveal-on-foveal effects are critical for proposals of distributed lexical processing during reading. This experiment examined parafoveal processing during reading of Chinese sentences, using a boundary manipulation of N+2-word preview with low- and high-frequency words N+1. The main findings were (a) an identity PB for word N+2 that was (b) primarily observed when word N+1 was of high frequency (i.e., an interaction between frequency of word N+1 and PB for word N+2), and (c) a parafoveal-on-foveal frequency effect of word N+1 for fixation durations on word N. We discuss implications for theories of serial attention shifts and parallel distributed processing of words during reading. T2 - Ming Yan; Reinhold Kliegl; Hua Shu; Jinger Pan; Xiaolin Zhou T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 250 Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lesur, Vincent A1 - Wardinski, Ingo A1 - Asari, Seiki A1 - Minchev, Borislav A1 - Mandea, Mioara T1 - Modelling the Earth's core magnetic field under flow constraints T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Two recent magnetic field models, GRIMM and xCHAOS, describe core field accelerations with similar behavior up to Spherical Harmonic (SH) degree 5, but which differ significantly for higher degrees. These discrepancies, due to different approaches in smoothing rapid time variations of the core field, have strong implications for the interpretation of the secular variation. Furthermore, the amount of smoothing applied to the highest SH degrees is essentially the modeler’s choice. We therefore investigate new ways of regularizing core magnetic field models. Here we propose to constrain field models to be consistent with the frozen flux induction equation by co-estimating a core magnetic field model and a flow model at the top of the outer core. The flow model is required to have smooth spatial and temporal behavior. The implementation of such constraints and their effects on a magnetic field model built from one year of CHAMP satellite and observatory data, are presented. In particular, it is shown that the chosen constraints are efficient and can be used to build reliable core magnetic field secular variation and acceleration model components. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 844 KW - Geomagnetism KW - core field modeling KW - core flow modeling KW - frozen-flux Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430369 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 844 SP - 503 EP - 516 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kiraly, Attila T1 - Menetekel T1 - Writing on the Wall N2 - Die Verfasstheit der Europäischen Union nähert sich der Staatlichkeit an: Der Euro ist Ausdruck dessen, dass die Währungshoheit der beteiligten Staaten in Brüssel abgegeben ist; die Militäreinsätze der EU, darunter in Kosovo, Kongo, Tschad und vor der somalischen Küste, zeugen vom Ausbau einer eigenständigen Kriegführungsfähigkeit, die im Vertrag von Lissabon auch völkerrechtlich fixiert ist; die Ernennung von Lady Ashton zur EU-Außenbeauftragten und die Schaffung eines eigenen außenpolitischen Dienstes weisen darauf hin, dass auch das Recht der Außenvertretung schrittweise auf die Unionsebene übergeht. KW - EU KW - Währungspolitik KW - EU KW - Monetary Policy Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42295 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckstein, Lars T1 - M.I.A.’s “Born Free” and the ambivalent politics of authenticity and provocation T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe - 83 Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plath, Martin A1 - Hermann, Bernd A1 - Schröder, Christine A1 - Riesch, Rüdiger A1 - Tobler, Michael A1 - García de León, Francisco J. A1 - Schlupp, Ingo A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Locally adapted fish populations maintain small-scale genetic differentiation despite perturbation by a catastrophic flood event N2 - Background: Local adaptation to divergent environmental conditions can promote population genetic differentiation even in the absence of geographic barriers and hence, lead to speciation. Perturbations by catastrophic events, however, can distort such parapatric ecological speciation processes. Here, we asked whether an exceptionally strong flood led to homogenization of gene pools among locally adapted populations of the Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliidae) in the Cueva del Azufre system in southern Mexico, where two strong environmental selection factors (darkness within caves and/or presence of toxic H2S in sulfidic springs) drive the diversification of P. mexicana. Nine nuclear microsatellites as well as heritable female life history traits (both as a proxy for quantitative genetics and for trait divergence) were used as markers to compare genetic differentiation, genetic diversity, and especially population mixing (immigration and emigration) before and after the flood. Results: Habitat type (i.e., non-sulfidic surface, sulfidic surface, or sulfidic cave), but not geographic distance was the major predictor of genetic differentiation. Before and after the flood, each habitat type harbored a genetically distinct population. Only a weak signal of individual dislocation among ecologically divergent habitat types was uncovered (with the exception of slightly increased dislocation from the Cueva del Azufre into the sulfidic creek, El Azufre). By contrast, several lines of evidence are indicative of increased flood-induced dislocation within the same habitat type, e.g., between different cave chambers of the Cueva del Azufre. Conclusions: The virtual absence of individual dislocation among ecologically different habitat types indicates strong natural selection against migrants. Thus, our current study exemplifies that ecological speciation in this and other systems, in which extreme environmental factors drive speciation, may be little affected by temporary perturbations, as adaptations to physico-chemical stressors may directly affect the survival probability in divergent habitat types. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 162 Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48599 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Westendorf, Christian A1 - Bae, Albert J. A1 - Erlenkamper, Christoph A1 - Galland, Edouard A1 - Franck, Carl A1 - Bodenschatz, Eberhard A1 - Beta, Carsten T1 - Live cell flattening BT - traditional and novel approaches T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Eukaryotic cell flattening is valuable for improving microscopic observations, ranging from bright field (BF) to total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy. Fundamental processes, such as mitosis and in vivo actin polymerization, have been investigated using these techniques. Here, we review the well known agar overlayer protocol and the oil overlay method. In addition, we present more elaborate microfluidics-based techniques that provide us with a greater level of control. We demonstrate these techniques on the social amoebae Dictyostelium discoideum, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each method. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 835 KW - PDMS KW - microfluidic device KW - lower channel KW - total internal reflection fluorescence KW - total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428311 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 835 ER -