TY - CHAP A1 - Carlà-Uhink, Filippo T1 - Image Control in Court: (Auto)Biographical Elements in Athenian Trial Speeches T2 - Competing perspectives : figures of image control Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-7705-6490-3 VL - 2019 SP - 259 EP - 288 PB - Wilhelm Fink CY - Paderborn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mackert, Jürgen T1 - We the people BT - liberal and organic populism, and the politics of social closure T2 - Populism and the crisis of democracy Volume 1 Concepts and Theory N2 - The chapter argues that populism as a modern phenomenon is closely linked with the great democratic revolutions that, for the first time in history, addressed ‘the people’ as the sovereign, thereby constituting the modern citizen. Yet, ‘the people’ can and do draw boundaries between ‘us’ and ‘them’. In an analytical perspective the article suggests a distinction between three forms of populism, ‘organic populism’, ‘liberal economic populism’, and ‘liberal cultural populism’, that operate differently. Applying closure theory to these different forms allows understanding of the different processes of populist politics that today promote exclusion by applying differentiated strategies of social closure. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-1-138-09136-8 SN - 978-1-315-10807-0 SP - 91 EP - 108 PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mackert, Jürgen ED - Fitzi, Gregor ED - Mackert, Jürgen ED - Turner, Bryan S. T1 - Introduction BT - is there such a thing as populism? T2 - Populism and the crisis of democracy Volume 1 Concepts and Theory N2 - The rise of populism has promoted a broad, vivid and flourishing debate in the social sciences that seems to have arisen even in the face of the ties between right-wing populism and the extreme right. The social sciences are struggling with how properly to conceptualise and theorise populism as a social and political phenomenon. Incongruity or asynchrony of events in factual history and their being conceptualised is obviously critical with regard to the problems that arise with defining and conceptualising populism. The plurality of usages, applications and meanings of populism thus only shows how, in a vivid debate, scholars can observe a contest for coming to terms with a concept that remains in flux and that needs to be continually revised given rapidly changing social conditions. The chapter also presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in this book. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-1-138-09136-8 SN - 978-1-315-10807-0 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hickmann, Thomas A1 - Lederer, Markus T1 - Global political economy and development T2 - Global Environmental Politics Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-1-351-71664-2 SP - 47 EP - 56 PB - Routledge CY - London ET - 1 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Haßler, Gerda ED - Rico, Christophe ED - Kirtchuk, Pablo T1 - Arbitrariness, Motivation and Value of the Linguistic Sign: Saussurean and Post-Saussurean Perspectives T2 - The Cours de Linguistique Générale Revisited: 1916–2016. Saussure et le Cours de linguistique générale cent ans après N2 - In 1916, three years after the death of Ferdinand de Saussure, the Cours de linguistique générale (CLG) was published in Geneva. This foundational work marked the beginning of a discipline that has profoundly influenced the development of the humanities ever since. What sources influenced the CLG? Do the main concepts of this seminal work have the same validity today as they did in 1916? How has the recent development of language sciences influenced its reception? How does this text account for meaning and communication within the context of speech (parole)? In order to explore these questions, one hundred years after the publication of Ferdinand de Saussure's seminal work on General Linguistics, Polis--The Jerusalem Institute of Languages and Humanities held an interdisciplinary conference that gathered 14 international specialists from various disciplines: general linguistics, pragmatics, philology, dialectology, translation studies, terminology, and philosophy. The first section of this work reassesses the sources and further influence of the CLG on modern linguistics. The book's second part discusses some of the main concepts and dichotomies of the CLG (constitution of the linguistic method, arbitrariness of sign, main dichotomies), under the light of both the original manuscripts and recent linguistic developments (influence of dialectology or translation studies). The third and last part handles the pragmatic and semantic dimensions of language, suggesting new avenues of reflection that could not yet have been fully taken into account within the CLG itself. Uniting 14 scholarly articles, together with an introduction, an index locorum and a collective bibliography, this volume hopes to encourage readers with its reappraisal and reinterpretation of Saussure's ground-breaking work and thus contribute to the future development of linguistics and humanities. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-9-65769-811-2 SP - 61 EP - 87 PB - Polis Institute Press CY - Jerusalem ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Tzoref, Shani T1 - Mourning for and by Sarah (i.e., Genesis 23-24: Analysis) of Biblical Receptions in Light of Contemporary Bereavement Research T2 - Vom Umgang mit Verlust und Trauer im Judentum : Loss and mourning in the Jewish tradition Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-95565-247-0 SP - 232 EP - 266 PB - Hentrich und Hentrich Verlag Berlin CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Haßler, Gerda ED - Aronoff, Mark ED - Abbi, Anvita T1 - History of european vernacular grammar writing T2 - Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics N2 - The grammatization of European vernacular languages began in the Late Middle Ages and Renaissance and continued up until the end of the 18th century. Through this process, grammars were written for the vernaculars and, as a result, the vernaculars were able to establish themselves in important areas of communication. Vernacular grammars largely followed the example of those written for Latin, using Latin descriptive categories without fully adapting them to the vernaculars. In accord with the Greco-Latin tradition, the grammars typically contain sections on orthography, prosody, morphology, and syntax, with the most space devoted to the treatment of word classes in the section on “etymology.” The earliest grammars of vernaculars had two main goals: on the one hand, making the languages described accessible to non-native speakers, and on the other, supporting the learning of Latin grammar by teaching the grammar of speakers’ native languages. Initially, it was considered unnecessary to engage with the grammar of native languages for their own sake, since they were thought to be acquired spontaneously. Only gradually did a need for normative grammars develop which sought to codify languages. This development relied on an awareness of the value of vernaculars that attributed a certain degree of perfection to them. Grammars of indigenous languages in colonized areas were based on those of European languages and today offer information about the early state of those languages, and are indeed sometimes the only sources for now extinct languages. Grammars of vernaculars came into being in the contrasting contexts of general grammar and the grammars of individual languages, between grammar as science and as art and between description and standardization. In the standardization of languages, the guiding principle could either be that of anomaly, which took a particular variety of a language as the basis of the description, or that of analogy, which permitted interventions into a language aimed at making it more uniform. Y1 - 2018 PB - Oxford University CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Höhne, Chris A1 - Fuhr, Harald A1 - Hickmann, Thomas A1 - Lederer, Markus A1 - Stehle, Fee ED - Nuesiri, Emmanuel O. T1 - REDD+ and the reconfiguration of public authority in the forest sector BT - a comparative case study of Indonesia and Brazil T2 - Global Forest Governance and Climate Change Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-319-71945-0 SP - 203 EP - 241 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nuesiri, Emmanuel O. T1 - Godfather politics and exclusionary local representation in REDD+ BT - a case study of the design of the UN-REDD-Supervised Nigeria-REDD Proposal T2 - Global forest governance and climate change N2 - Nuesiri assesses the UN-REDD (United Nations Collaborative Programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries) commitment to strengthen local democracy as a safeguard protecting local interests in REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation with the added goals of Conserving and Enhancing Forest Carbon Stocks, and Sustainably Managing Forests). The chapter examines local representation during the consultative process associated with the Nigeria-REDD proposal. Local representation was through selected individuals (descriptive representatives), customary authority, and NGOs (symbolic representatives). Elected local government authorities (substantive representatives) were excluded from the consultative process. Exclusion of elected local governments is linked to godfather politics in Nigeria, which enables state governors to subordinate local government authority and constrain their responsiveness to local needs. In approving the Nigeria-REDD proposal, the UN-REDD reinforced the subversion of local democracy in Nigeria. The UN-REDD would be fulfilling its democracy objectives in Nigeria by engaging substantively all local governance actors, including elected local government authorities. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-319-71945-0 SN - 978-3-319-71946-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71946-7_2 SP - 17 EP - 49 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nuesiri, Emmanuel O. T1 - Global forest governance and climate change BT - introduction and overview T2 - Global forest governance and climate change Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-319-71945-0 SN - 978-3-319-71946-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71946-7_1 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER -