TY  - JOUR
A1  - Parshina, Olga
A1  - Laurinavichyute, Anna
A1  - Sekerina, Irina A.
T1  - Eye-movement benchmarks in heritage language reading
JF  - Bilingualism : language and cognition
N2  - This eye-tracking study establishes basic benchmarks of eye movements during reading in heritage language (HL) by Russian-speaking adults and adolescents of high (n = 21) and low proficiency (n = 27). Heritage speakers (HSs) read sentences in Cyrillic, and their eye movements were compared to those of Russian monolingual skilled adult readers, 8-year-old children and L2 learners. Reading patterns of HSs revealed longer mean fixation durations, lower skipping probabilities, and higher regressive saccade rates than in monolingual adults. High-proficient HSs were more similar to monolingual children, while low-proficient HSs performed on par with L2 learners. Low-proficient HSs differed from high-proficient HSs in exhibiting lower skipping probabilities, higher fixation counts, and larger frequency effects. Taken together, our findings are consistent with the weaker links account of bilingual language processing as well as the divergent attainment theory of HL.
KW  - bilingualism
KW  - heritage language
KW  - reading
KW  - eye movements
KW  - Russian
KW  - children
KW  - L2 learners
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1017/S136672892000019X
SN  - 1366-7289
SN  - 1469-1841
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
SP  - 69
EP  - 82
PB  - Cambridge University Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schroeder, Christoph
T1  - The advanced acquisition of orthography in heritage Turkish in Germany
JF  - Written language & literacy
N2  - The paper investigates Turkish texts from heritage speakers of Turkish in Germany in a pseudo-longitudinal setting, looking at pupils' texts from the 5th, 7th, 10th and 12th grades. Two types of dynamics are identified in the advanced acquisition(1) of Turkish orthography in the heritage context. One is the dynamic of language contact, where in certain areas of the orthography, we find a re-interpretation of Turkish principles according to the German model. However, this changes as the pupils grow up. The second dynamic is the heritage situation. The heritage situation on one side leads to the establishment of new practices, and it also leads to a higher degree of variability of spelling solutions in those areas, where the orthographic system of Turkish poses challenges to every writer, whether monolingual and growing up in Turkey or heritage speaker.
KW  - Turkish
KW  - heritage language
KW  - orthography
KW  - orthographic word
KW  - advanced acquisition of
KW  - language contact Turkish-German
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1075/wll.00043.sch
SN  - 1387-6732
SN  - 1570-6001
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
SP  - 251
EP  - 271
PB  - John Benjamins Publishing Co.
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sekerina, Irina A.
A1  - Sauermann, Antje
T1  - Visual attention and quantifier-spreading in heritage Russian bilinguals
JF  - Second language research
N2  - It is well established in language acquisition research that monolingual children and adult second language learners misinterpret sentences with the universal quantifier every and make quantifier-spreading errors that are attributed to a preference for a match in number between two sets of objects. The present Visual World eye-tracking study tested bilingual heritage Russian-English adults and investigated how they interpret of sentences like Every alligator lies in a bathtub in both languages. Participants performed a sentence-picture verification task while their eye movements were recorded. Pictures showed three pairs of alligators in bathtubs and two extra objects: elephants (Control condition), bathtubs (Overexhaustive condition), or alligators (Underexhaustive condition). Monolingual adults performed at ceiling in all conditions. Heritage language (HL) adults made 20% q-spreading errors, but only in the Overexhaustive condition, and when they made an error they spent more time looking at the two extra bathtubs during the Verb region. We attribute q-spreading in HL speakers to cognitive overload caused by the necessity to integrate conflicting sources of information, i.e. the spoken sentences in their weaker, heritage, language and attention-demanding visual context, that differed with respect to referential salience.
KW  - eye-tracking
KW  - heritage language
KW  - quantifier-spreading
KW  - Russian
KW  - universal quantifiers
KW  - visual attention
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0267658314537292
SN  - 0267-6583
SN  - 1477-0326
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
SP  - 75
EP  - 104
PB  - Sage Publ.
CY  - London
ER  -